user8291: Is ECO, Encyclopedia of Chess Openings still considered the best printed reference work for all the chess openings, as it was back in the '80s? 

user12402: IMO, this is an area that needs work.  I developed a small computer program to check for duplicates in openings and found that most opening categorizations contain duplicate positions.  For example,  Schiller's opening list has duplicate openings.  The same positions arise through different move orders but are named differently.  ECO is far too general.

user28052: I can't speak on the usefulness of ECO for serious study. However, I can tell you that https://www.openingtree.com/ (which is not a printed reference, but is relevant to the title) is much easier than a book to search: just play the moves, and the most common lines with white/draw/black percentages are displayed. You can search by Lichess players, chess.com players, notable chess players, and notable chess events, as well as see the most common lines played and game results. The site touts a testimonial that "It's so powerful" from IM Eric Rosen. Lichess and chess.com offer similar opening explorers, with Lichess and chess.com having Stockfish integration in the browser.

user10508: There does not seem to be a consensus on this, but here is a relevant discussion:
https://www.chess.com/forum/view/chess-equipment/chess-opening-reference-books?page=1
For printed opening material (as you requested) I prefer ECO with Chess Informant updates for new opening ideas and analysis:
http://www.chessinformant.org/about-chess-informant/

8291: <p>Is ECO, Encyclopedia of Chess Openings still considered the best printed reference work for all the chess openings, as it was back in the '80s? </p>
 12402: <p>IMO, this is an area that needs work.  I developed a small computer program to check for duplicates in openings and found that most opening categorizations contain duplicate positions.  For example,  Schiller's opening list has duplicate openings.  The same positions arise through different move orders but are named differently.  ECO is far too general.</p>
 28052: <p>I can't speak on the usefulness of ECO for serious study. However, I can tell you that <a href="https://www.openingtree.com/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://www.openingtree.com/</a> (which is not a printed reference, but is relevant to the title) is much easier than a book to search: just play the moves, and the most common lines with white/draw/black percentages are displayed. You can search by Lichess players, chess.com players, notable chess players, and notable chess events, as well as see the most common lines played and game results. The site touts a testimonial that &quot;It's so powerful&quot; from IM Eric Rosen. Lichess and chess.com offer similar opening explorers, with Lichess and chess.com having Stockfish integration in the browser.</p>
 10508: <p>There does not seem to be a consensus on this, but here is a relevant discussion:</p>

<p><a href="https://www.chess.com/forum/view/chess-equipment/chess-opening-reference-books?page=1" rel="noreferrer">https://www.chess.com/forum/view/chess-equipment/chess-opening-reference-books?page=1</a></p>

<p>For printed opening material (as you requested) I prefer ECO with Chess Informant updates for new opening ideas and analysis:
<a href="http://www.chessinformant.org/about-chess-informant/" rel="noreferrer">http://www.chessinformant.org/about-chess-informant/</a></p>
