user4418: This interesting site has a "World map of chess grandmasters" which looks like this:

Apart from the fact that Russia is very wide (it looks like it crosses 10 time zones), it looks like Iceland has more GMs per capita than Russia. This is a nice picture but doesn't give the figures.
So, what are the top 50 countries ranked by GMs per million? And how does that change if you make it GMs per thousand players (FIDE registered players)?

user4418: Here are the results of queries on the latest (April 2021) FIDE rating list.
Interesting to note that Iceland is actually only in 2nd. I guess in the map in the question Monaco is too small to see. The first big country (population > 1 million) is Armenia in 5th. Russia, the country with the most GMs - 240, is only in 31st place. No sign in this list of China or India.
Country - GMs - GMsPerMillion

Monaco - 3 - 79.4
Iceland - 13 - 39.1
Andorra - 2 - 27.9
Faroe Islands - 1 - 20.3
Armenia - 40 - 13.3
Montenegro - 6 - 9.6
Georgia - 30 - 8.0
Croatia - 30 - 7.1
Serbia - 50 - 7.0
Latvia - 11 - 5.6
Hungary - 53 - 5.4
Slovenia - 11 - 5.3
Israel - 44 - 5.2
Macedonia - 10 - 4.8
Bulgaria - 33 - 4.58
Estonia - 6 - 4.57
Czech Republic - 34 - 3.2
Norway - 16 - 3.1
Lithuania - 8 - 2.8
Azerbaijan - 26 - 2.7
Mongolia - 8 - 2.6
Denmark - 14 - 2.5
Cuba - 27 - 2.4
Slovakia - 13 - 2.4
Netherlands - 38 - 2.24
Sweden - 22 - 2.23
Bosnia Herzegovina - 8 - 2.1
Ukraine - 87 - 2.0
Belarus - 17 - 1.78
Moldova - 6 - 1.68
Russia - 240 - 1.64
Scotland - 7 - 1.31
Greece - 14 - 1.29
Poland - 49 - 1.27
Qatar - 3 - 1.24
Spain - 57 - 1.23
Germany - 95 - 1.17
Switzerland - 9 - 1.08
Romania - 21 - 1.06
Turkmenistan - 5 - 1.05
Austria - 9 - 1.03
Kazakhstan - 15 - 0.85
Belgium - 9 - 0.796
France - 51 - 0.791
Finland - 4 - 0.727
Singapore - 4 - 0.723
England - 36 - 0.679
Paraguay - 4 - 0.584
Uruguay - 2 - 0.575
Uzbekistan - 17 - 0.548

When you look at GMs per thousand FIDE registered players the picture changes. Armenia moves to the top and China appears in the list at no. 5.
FullName - Players - GMs - GMSPerThousandPlayers

Armenia - 1789 - 40 - 22.4
Monaco - 136 - 3 - 22.1
Qatar - 147 - 3 - 20.4
Andorra - 151 - 2 - 13.2
China - 3783 - 48 - 12.7
Macedonia - 1048 - 10 - 9.54
Georgia - 3377 - 30 - 8.88
Cuba - 3080 - 27 - 8.77
Israel - 5316 - 44 - 8.23
Turkmenistan - 606 - 5 - 8.25
Bulgaria - 4512 - 33 - 7.31
Scotland - 994 - 7 - 7.04
Uzbekistan - 2417 - 17 - 7.03
Belarus - 2648 - 17 - 6.42
Montenegro - 1031 - 6 - 5.82
Iceland - 2244 - 13 - 5.79
Ukraine - 15318 - 87 - 5.68
United States - 18067 - 96 - 5.31
Moldova - 1139 - 6 - 5.27
Azerbaijan - 5223 - 26 - 4.98
Serbia - 10151 - 50 - 4.93
Hungary - 11116 - 53 - 4.77
Netherlands - 8152 - 38 - 4.66
Tajikistan - 232 - 1 - 4.31
Vietnam - 2996 - 12 - 4.01
England - 9464 - 36 - 3.80
Canada - 4059 - 14 - 3.45
Mongolia - 2331 - 8 - 3.43
Latvia - 3284 - 11 - 3.35
Paraguay - 1210 - 4 - 3.31
Sweden - 6694 - 22 - 3.29
Estonia - 1853 - 6 - 3.24
Croatia - 9292 - 30 - 3.23
Bosnia Herzegovina - 2794 - 8 - 2.86
Russia - 96262 - 240 - 2.49
Faroe Islands - 404 - 1 - 2.48
Czech Republic - 14000 - 34 - 2.43
Norway - 6671 - 16 - 2.4
Germany - 39740 - 95 - 2.39
Argentina - 10001 - 23 - 2.3
Finland - 1781 - 4 - 2.245
Slovenia - 5201 - 11 - 2.11
Philippines - 6200 - 13 - 2.1
Australia - 4824 - 10 - 2.07
Romania - 10165 - 21 - 2.066
Switzerland - 4528 - 9 - 1.99
Denmark - 7074 - 14 - 1.98
Kazakhstan - 8056 - 15 - 1.86
Lithuania - 4575 - 8 - 1.75
Poland - 28878 - 49 - 1.7


4418: <p>This <a href="https://www.unz.com/akarlin/world-map-chess-grandmasters/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">interesting site</a> has a &quot;World map of chess grandmasters&quot; which looks like this:</p>
<p><a href="https://i.stack.imgur.com/RleQA.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/RleQA.png" alt="enter image description here" /></a></p>
<p>Apart from the fact that Russia is very wide (it looks like it crosses 10 time zones), it looks like Iceland has more GMs per capita than Russia. This is a nice picture but doesn't give the figures.</p>
<p>So, what are the top 50 countries ranked by GMs per million? And how does that change if you make it GMs per thousand players (FIDE registered players)?</p>
 4418: <p>Here are the results of queries on the latest (April 2021) FIDE rating list.</p>
<p>Interesting to note that Iceland is actually only in 2nd. I guess in the map in the question Monaco is too small to see. The first big country (population &gt; 1 million) is Armenia in 5th. Russia, the country with the most GMs - 240, is only in 31st place. No sign in this list of China or India.</p>
<p><strong>Country - GMs - GMsPerMillion</strong></p>
<ol>
<li>Monaco - 3 - 79.4</li>
<li>Iceland - 13 - 39.1</li>
<li>Andorra - 2 - 27.9</li>
<li>Faroe Islands - 1 - 20.3</li>
<li>Armenia - 40 - 13.3</li>
<li>Montenegro - 6 - 9.6</li>
<li>Georgia - 30 - 8.0</li>
<li>Croatia - 30 - 7.1</li>
<li>Serbia - 50 - 7.0</li>
<li>Latvia - 11 - 5.6</li>
<li>Hungary - 53 - 5.4</li>
<li>Slovenia - 11 - 5.3</li>
<li>Israel - 44 - 5.2</li>
<li>Macedonia - 10 - 4.8</li>
<li>Bulgaria - 33 - 4.58</li>
<li>Estonia - 6 - 4.57</li>
<li>Czech Republic - 34 - 3.2</li>
<li>Norway - 16 - 3.1</li>
<li>Lithuania - 8 - 2.8</li>
<li>Azerbaijan - 26 - 2.7</li>
<li>Mongolia - 8 - 2.6</li>
<li>Denmark - 14 - 2.5</li>
<li>Cuba - 27 - 2.4</li>
<li>Slovakia - 13 - 2.4</li>
<li>Netherlands - 38 - 2.24</li>
<li>Sweden - 22 - 2.23</li>
<li>Bosnia Herzegovina - 8 - 2.1</li>
<li>Ukraine - 87 - 2.0</li>
<li>Belarus - 17 - 1.78</li>
<li>Moldova - 6 - 1.68</li>
<li>Russia - 240 - 1.64</li>
<li>Scotland - 7 - 1.31</li>
<li>Greece - 14 - 1.29</li>
<li>Poland - 49 - 1.27</li>
<li>Qatar - 3 - 1.24</li>
<li>Spain - 57 - 1.23</li>
<li>Germany - 95 - 1.17</li>
<li>Switzerland - 9 - 1.08</li>
<li>Romania - 21 - 1.06</li>
<li>Turkmenistan - 5 - 1.05</li>
<li>Austria - 9 - 1.03</li>
<li>Kazakhstan - 15 - 0.85</li>
<li>Belgium - 9 - 0.796</li>
<li>France - 51 - 0.791</li>
<li>Finland - 4 - 0.727</li>
<li>Singapore - 4 - 0.723</li>
<li>England - 36 - 0.679</li>
<li>Paraguay - 4 - 0.584</li>
<li>Uruguay - 2 - 0.575</li>
<li>Uzbekistan - 17 - 0.548</li>
</ol>
<p>When you look at GMs per thousand FIDE registered players the picture changes. Armenia moves to the top and China appears in the list at no. 5.</p>
<p><strong>FullName - Players - GMs - GMSPerThousandPlayers</strong></p>
<ol>
<li>Armenia - 1789 - 40 - 22.4</li>
<li>Monaco - 136 - 3 - 22.1</li>
<li>Qatar - 147 - 3 - 20.4</li>
<li>Andorra - 151 - 2 - 13.2</li>
<li>China - 3783 - 48 - 12.7</li>
<li>Macedonia - 1048 - 10 - 9.54</li>
<li>Georgia - 3377 - 30 - 8.88</li>
<li>Cuba - 3080 - 27 - 8.77</li>
<li>Israel - 5316 - 44 - 8.23</li>
<li>Turkmenistan - 606 - 5 - 8.25</li>
<li>Bulgaria - 4512 - 33 - 7.31</li>
<li>Scotland - 994 - 7 - 7.04</li>
<li>Uzbekistan - 2417 - 17 - 7.03</li>
<li>Belarus - 2648 - 17 - 6.42</li>
<li>Montenegro - 1031 - 6 - 5.82</li>
<li>Iceland - 2244 - 13 - 5.79</li>
<li>Ukraine - 15318 - 87 - 5.68</li>
<li>United States - 18067 - 96 - 5.31</li>
<li>Moldova - 1139 - 6 - 5.27</li>
<li>Azerbaijan - 5223 - 26 - 4.98</li>
<li>Serbia - 10151 - 50 - 4.93</li>
<li>Hungary - 11116 - 53 - 4.77</li>
<li>Netherlands - 8152 - 38 - 4.66</li>
<li>Tajikistan - 232 - 1 - 4.31</li>
<li>Vietnam - 2996 - 12 - 4.01</li>
<li>England - 9464 - 36 - 3.80</li>
<li>Canada - 4059 - 14 - 3.45</li>
<li>Mongolia - 2331 - 8 - 3.43</li>
<li>Latvia - 3284 - 11 - 3.35</li>
<li>Paraguay - 1210 - 4 - 3.31</li>
<li>Sweden - 6694 - 22 - 3.29</li>
<li>Estonia - 1853 - 6 - 3.24</li>
<li>Croatia - 9292 - 30 - 3.23</li>
<li>Bosnia Herzegovina - 2794 - 8 - 2.86</li>
<li>Russia - 96262 - 240 - 2.49</li>
<li>Faroe Islands - 404 - 1 - 2.48</li>
<li>Czech Republic - 14000 - 34 - 2.43</li>
<li>Norway - 6671 - 16 - 2.4</li>
<li>Germany - 39740 - 95 - 2.39</li>
<li>Argentina - 10001 - 23 - 2.3</li>
<li>Finland - 1781 - 4 - 2.245</li>
<li>Slovenia - 5201 - 11 - 2.11</li>
<li>Philippines - 6200 - 13 - 2.1</li>
<li>Australia - 4824 - 10 - 2.07</li>
<li>Romania - 10165 - 21 - 2.066</li>
<li>Switzerland - 4528 - 9 - 1.99</li>
<li>Denmark - 7074 - 14 - 1.98</li>
<li>Kazakhstan - 8056 - 15 - 1.86</li>
<li>Lithuania - 4575 - 8 - 1.75</li>
<li>Poland - 28878 - 49 - 1.7</li>
</ol>
