user16801: In chess, does a player have the right to resign within the first ten moves of the game? More specifically, I am curious if I can resign immediately on my first move. Additionally, do I have my right to resign when it's my opponent's turn, or must I resign only when it's my turn? More specifically, I am not talking of casual street chess; I am referring to FIDE tournaments, e.g. official play rules.

user26335: FIDE Handbook's Laws of Chess (Section 5.1.2) states

The game is won by the player whose opponent declares he resigns. This immediately ends the game. (source)

Players may resign at any time, regardless of whose move it is.
As an example of an early resignation (move 6), consider Zapata-Anand (Biel, 1988).
[FEN ""]
[Event "Biel-B"]
[Site "Biel SUI"]
[Date "1988.07.??"]
[EventDate "?"]
[Round "9"]
[Result "1-0"]
[White "Alonso Zapata"]
[Black "Viswanathan Anand"]
[ECO "C42"]

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.Nxe5 d6 4.Nf3 Nxe4 5.Nc3 Bf5?? {This blunder loses a minor piece.} 6.Qe2 1-0

A more recent example of an early resignation (move 10) is Dominguez Perez-Moradiabadi (St. Louis, 2022) in the US Championship.
[FEN ""]
[Event "U.S. Championship"]
[Site "Saint Louis USA"]
[Date "2022.10.12"]
[EventDate "2022.10.04"]
[Round "7"]
[Result "1-0"]
[White "Dominguez Perez,L"]
[Black "E Moradiabadi"]
[ECO "C42"]
[WhiteElo "2747"]
[BlackElo "2534"]
[PlyCount "20"]

1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. Nxe5 d6 4. Nf3 Nxe4 5. d4 d5 6. Bd3 Be7 7. O-O Bf5
8. c4 O-O 9. cxd5 Qxd5 10. Bxe4 1-0



user4418: 
I am curious if I can resign immediately on my first move

You may but the game will not be rated. Both players must make at least one move for the game to be FIDE rated. If the arbiter thought your action had bad intentions or was in some way malicious they could punish you under article 11.1

11.1 The players shall take no action that will bring the game of chess into disrepute.

I have never seen this done but about 50 years ago Tony Miles and Stewart Reuben got into trouble for agreeing a draw with no moves made.

do I have my right to resign when it's my opponent's turn, or must I resign only when it's my turn?

You can resign whenever you want. I have done this in a FIDE rated game when I made a move which was so embarrassingly bad that I didn't want my opponent to reply. That would have made me feel even more foolish. I made the move, pressed the clock, went to write the move down and then realised what I had done and knocked my king down, stopped the clock and held out my hand.

16801: <p>In chess, does a player have the right to resign within the first ten moves of the game? More specifically, I am curious if I can resign immediately on my first move. Additionally, do I have my right to resign when it's my opponent's turn, or must I resign only when it's my turn? More specifically, I am not talking of casual street chess; I am referring to FIDE tournaments, e.g. official play rules.</p>
 26335: <p>FIDE Handbook's Laws of Chess (Section 5.1.2) states</p>
<blockquote>
<p>The game is won by the player whose opponent declares he resigns. This immediately ends the game. (<a href="https://handbook.fide.com/chapter/E012018" rel="nofollow noreferrer">source</a>)</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Players may resign at any time, regardless of whose move it is.</p>
<p>As an example of an early resignation (move 6), consider <a href="https://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1018015" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Zapata-Anand (Biel, 1988)</a>.</p>
<pre><code>[FEN &quot;&quot;]
[Event &quot;Biel-B&quot;]
[Site &quot;Biel SUI&quot;]
[Date &quot;1988.07.??&quot;]
[EventDate &quot;?&quot;]
[Round &quot;9&quot;]
[Result &quot;1-0&quot;]
[White &quot;Alonso Zapata&quot;]
[Black &quot;Viswanathan Anand&quot;]
[ECO &quot;C42&quot;]

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.Nxe5 d6 4.Nf3 Nxe4 5.Nc3 Bf5?? {This blunder loses a minor piece.} 6.Qe2 1-0
</code></pre>
<p>A more recent example of an early resignation (move 10) is <a href="https://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=2389954" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Dominguez Perez-Moradiabadi</a> (St. Louis, 2022) in the US Championship.</p>
<pre><code>[FEN &quot;&quot;]
[Event &quot;U.S. Championship&quot;]
[Site &quot;Saint Louis USA&quot;]
[Date &quot;2022.10.12&quot;]
[EventDate &quot;2022.10.04&quot;]
[Round &quot;7&quot;]
[Result &quot;1-0&quot;]
[White &quot;Dominguez Perez,L&quot;]
[Black &quot;E Moradiabadi&quot;]
[ECO &quot;C42&quot;]
[WhiteElo &quot;2747&quot;]
[BlackElo &quot;2534&quot;]
[PlyCount &quot;20&quot;]

1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. Nxe5 d6 4. Nf3 Nxe4 5. d4 d5 6. Bd3 Be7 7. O-O Bf5
8. c4 O-O 9. cxd5 Qxd5 10. Bxe4 1-0

</code></pre>
 4418: <blockquote>
<p>I am curious if I can resign immediately on my first move</p>
</blockquote>
<p>You may but the game will not be rated. Both players must make at least one move for the game to be FIDE rated. If the arbiter thought your action had bad intentions or was in some way malicious they could punish you under article 11.1</p>
<blockquote>
<p>11.1 The players shall take no action that will bring the game of chess into disrepute.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>I have never seen this done but about 50 years ago Tony Miles and Stewart Reuben got into trouble for agreeing a draw with no moves made.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>do I have my right to resign when it's my opponent's turn, or must I resign only when it's my turn?</p>
</blockquote>
<p>You can resign whenever you want. I have done this in a FIDE rated game when I made a move which was so embarrassingly bad that I didn't want my opponent to reply. That would have made me feel even more foolish. I made the move, pressed the clock, went to write the move down and then realised what I had done and knocked my king down, stopped the clock and held out my hand.</p>
