user7658: Is it possible for a white piece to deliver check to the black king, but for black's counter move to result in white getting checkmated?
Has this happened in games between top players?

user7650: [Event "?"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "????.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "?"]
[Black "?"]
[Result "*"]
[FEN "8/8/8/8/8/2k5/2q5/K1B5 w - - 0 1"]

1.Bb2+ Qxb2# *


user7641: Could there be another example here? http://www.futilitycloset.com/2010/06/09/intercepted/
or is it checkmate followed by checkmate?

user7500: Yes, it can happen.
[FEN "rk2K3/1q5r/8/8/4Q3/8/8/8 w - - 1 1"]

1.Qxb7+ Kxb7#

It probably won't happen in games between strong players because they'll resign when checkmate is inevitable.

user1485: You can find some examples in the following game collection: Games where check is answered with checkmate.
Among those games, Nigel Short vs Alexander Morozevich, Russia - The Rest of the World (2002) is the only one that meets the qualification top players. This was a rapid game.
The most entertaining example is the following:
[FEN ""]
[Event "Philadelphia (m/7)"]
[Site "Philadelphia (m/7)"]
[Date "1945.??.??"]
[Result "0-1"]
[White "NN"]
[Black "Winkelman"]
[ECO "C29"]

1.e4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.f4 d5 4.fxe5 Nxe4 5.Qf3 Nc6 6.Bb5 Bc5
7.Nxe4 dxe4 8.Qxe4 O-O 9.Ne2 Re8 10.Bxc6 bxc6 11.Qxc6 Rxe5
12.Qxa8 Rxe2+ 13.Kd1 Bg4 14.Qxd8+ Re8# 0-1

There are also some additional examples in Edward Winter's Chess Notes: 4130, 4135.

7658: <p>Is it possible for a white piece to deliver check to the black king, but for black's counter move to result in white getting checkmated?</p>

<p>Has this happened in games between top players?</p>
 7650: <pre><code>[Event "?"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "????.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "?"]
[Black "?"]
[Result "*"]
[FEN "8/8/8/8/8/2k5/2q5/K1B5 w - - 0 1"]

1.Bb2+ Qxb2# *
</code></pre>
 7641: <p>Could there be another example here? <a href="http://www.futilitycloset.com/2010/06/09/intercepted/">http://www.futilitycloset.com/2010/06/09/intercepted/</a>
or is it checkmate followed by checkmate?</p>
 7500: <p>Yes, it can happen.</p>

<pre><code>[FEN "rk2K3/1q5r/8/8/4Q3/8/8/8 w - - 1 1"]

1.Qxb7+ Kxb7#
</code></pre>

<p>It probably won't happen in games between strong players because they'll resign when checkmate is inevitable.</p>
 1485: <p>You can find some examples in the following game collection: <a href="http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chesscollection?cid=1009425">Games where check is answered with checkmate</a>.</p>

<p>Among those games, <a href="http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1254278">Nigel Short vs Alexander Morozevich</a>, Russia - The Rest of the World (2002) is the only one that meets the qualification <em>top players</em>. This was a rapid game.</p>

<p>The most entertaining example is the following:</p>

<pre><code>[FEN ""]
[Event "Philadelphia (m/7)"]
[Site "Philadelphia (m/7)"]
[Date "1945.??.??"]
[Result "0-1"]
[White "NN"]
[Black "Winkelman"]
[ECO "C29"]

1.e4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.f4 d5 4.fxe5 Nxe4 5.Qf3 Nc6 6.Bb5 Bc5
7.Nxe4 dxe4 8.Qxe4 O-O 9.Ne2 Re8 10.Bxc6 bxc6 11.Qxc6 Rxe5
12.Qxa8 Rxe2+ 13.Kd1 Bg4 14.Qxd8+ Re8# 0-1
</code></pre>

<p>There are also some additional examples in Edward Winter's Chess Notes: <a href="http://www.chesshistory.com/winter/winter18.html#4130._Check_and_mate">4130</a>, <a href="http://www.chesshistory.com/winter/winter18.html#4135._Check_and_mate_C.N._4130">4135</a>.</p>
