Okuzimba kuntaana nokunyweeza ebifo BaNabbi byebaazi-kibwaamu n’abaagalwa ba Allah abalongoofu, eri emu kunsonga enkulu eri abawahaab. Era Ibn Taimiyya n’omuyiziwe, Ibn Alqayyum bebasookeraddala okufulumya etteeka erigaana okuzimba entaana n’eriragira okumenya ezo ezaazimbibwa.
Ibn Alqayyum agamba:
“Kyatteeka okumenya emizimbo egyo egyaazimbibwa kuntaana era tekisaana kugyirekawo nolunaku n’olumu – oluvanyuma olwokufuna obusobozi obugyimenya.”([1])
Mumwaaka 1344H – oluvanyuma lwa Al Suud okwefuga makka ne Madiina nebitundu ebibyetolodde – baatandika okunooyereza byebayinza okwekwaasa kukumenya entaana ne mizimbo egyetolodola limbo nokusangulawo obuwufu bwabantu baNabbi (s.a.w) nemikwanogye. Bajja mubamanyi abe Maddiina nga banoonya ekikwaata kukuziyiza okuzimba kuntaana basobole okweseembesa nakyo mumaaso g’abasiram bonna – okusingiraddala abe “Hijaaz” – kubanga baali bakimanyi bulungi nti abasiram be Hijaaz nabo balinga abasiram abebitundu ebirala mukugulumiza abaagalwa bakatonda nokuzimba kuntaana zaabwe. Bwebatyo abawahaab baayambaza omusango gwaabwe ekyambalo kyobusiram olwokwagala okwejjako abasiram baleme kubakola kabi.
Obufuzi bwe Saud bwaatuma omukulu w’abalamuzi mu Najid – nga ayitibwa Sulaiman bn Balihad – Agende e Madiina abuuze abamanyi baayo kunsonga eyokuzimba kuntaana z’abaagalwa bakatonda. Naye ekyewuunyisa kwekubeera nga ebibuuzo byeyagenda nabyo – Ibn Balihad – yali alina ansa zaabyo naye nga zikwaatagana nezabawahaab benyini. Ate baali abamanyi beyalimu nga tebalina buzira oba okwolesa mazima okujjako okukirizanga omukulu byeyabagambaanga. Era baali bamanyiddwa okuva emabega nti eky’okulya kyaabwe baakifunanga kuva mubafuzi, ate nekirala omumanyi yenna bweyalamulanga nekikyuuka kweekyo kyebaagala, nga babawaayiriza nobukaafiiri, nobushirik, nebiseera ebimu nga babalamula nakubatta bwebaba bagaanye okweenenya! Ebyo byonna byaabaletera okutya nebakkiriza bukkiriza.
Mumwaaka 1344H, mumweezi gwa shawwal, waaliwo akatabo nga kayitibwa “Ummul Qura”, kaava makka, akaalimu ebibuuzo ebyo ne ansa zaabyo naye kaaleeta – akatabo – oluyogaana olw’amaanyi mubasiram – Abashia naba Suni – kubanga baamanya nti teri kirala kisigadde okujjako okumenya emizimbo ku ntaana zabakulembeze bobusiramu.
Era bwekityo, oluvanyuma olw’akatabo okufuluma, nga fatuwa eyo bajeegasseeko abamanyi kkumi nabataano mubamanyi abemaddina, era nekasaasaanyizibwa mu Hijaaz, abakulembeze babawahaab batandiika okumenya entaana zabantu baNabbi (s.a.w), mumwezi gwa shawwal, mumwaaka ogwo gwenyini, kale nebabeera nga baasaanyaawo obuwufu bw’abantu baNabbi (s.a.w) nebaswahaaba, ebyaali mubifo ebyo byonna, nebabijjamu. Ebifo ebyaali eby’ebitiibwa byaafuuka matonga.
Bino ebiddirira, twaagala tukutegeeze ebibuuzo byaabwe nokwaanukula bwekwaali olyooke otegeere nti ekigendererwa kyaabwe kyaali kyaakwagala kunafuya ndowooza z’abasiramu balala balyooke bafune eky’okwesembesa mukusaanyaawo obuwufu bwobwaNabbi nobubaka.
Bwekibeera ekigendererwa kyaabwe nga kyaali kyaakutegeera mazima nandowooza yabasiramu bonna, baalibadde tebaleeta bibuuzo nga kuliko nokwaanukula kulupapula olweyawulidde, balyooke balusindike eri abamanyi abemadiina bateekeko buteesi kinkumu. Mubutuufu, sikyangu kukyuusa ndowooza zabamanyi muMaddina mungeri eyokubavumbinkiriza, nabo balyoke bakkirize okulamula okwokumenya emizimbo egyokuntaana nokuziyiza okuzimbako awamu nokubeera nga abamanyi abo nebataata baabwe bebaali bakubirizanga abantu okukuuma obuwufu bwobwaNabbi era baali balambuulanga ebifo ebyebittiibwa – ebyazikibwamu baNabbi neba Imam.
Ibn Baliihad agamba mukibuuzokye:
“Abamanyi abe Madiina – Allah abongere okutegeera nokumanya – bagambaki kukuzimba kuntaana nokizifuula amasinzizo, abaffe, kisaana oba nedda?
Bwekiba nga tekyikirizibwa, amakulu nti kiziyizibwa oluziyizibwa olwamaanyi, abaffe, kikakafu okumenya emizimbo egyo era tekikkirizibwa kusaalirawo oba kikkirizibwa?
Bwekiba nga okuzimba kukifo ekyaaweebwaayo mukkubo lyakatonda – nga limbo – nga kiziyizibwa okukikozesa okusinziira kukigero ekyo ekya zimbibwaako abaffe okwo kubeera kunyaga era nga kyetaagisa okujjako omuzimbo ogwo – olwokulyazaamaanya abaweebwa ekifo ekyo abeyawulidde nokubaziyiza ekyaabaweebwa – oba nedda?”
Ebyo byonna yabibuuza nga akangakanga abamanyi ebemadiina era bwabatiisatiisa.
Kale nabo nebaddamu nga bagamba:
“Ekikwaata kukuzimba kuntaana, ekyo kyo tekikkirizibwa – okusinziira kukwegatta kwabamanyi – olwobutuufu bwahadith eyajja mukukiziyiza. N’olweekyo, abamanyi bangi abalamula nti emizimbo gyirina okumenyebwa okusinziira kuhadith ya Ali (a.s) bweyagamba Abil Hayyaaj nti: “Nkutuma – kw’ekyo Nabbi kyeyantumako – okubeera nga tosanga ssanamu lyonna okujjako nga olimenya, wadde entaana engulumivu okujjako nga ogikendeeza”.
Sheikh Najdi agamba, kubigambo ebyomukawulire (Ummul Qra) akaafulumizibwa mumwezi Jamaad Thaani, mumwaaka 1345H:
“Mazima okuzimba kubba ebyazikibwamu abaagalwa bakatonda, kyamanyirirwadda mubantu okuviiraddala mukyaasa ekyokutaano okuva mumasenguka ga Nabbi (s.a.w).
Ebyo, byebyokulabirako mubigambo ebya bawahaab ebikwaata kukuzimba kuntaana. Laba, ensonga zebeesembesa mubitabo byaabwe kukuziyiza okuzimba kuntaana, ziri bbiri:
1 – Okwegatta okwabamanyi abobusiramu.
2 – Hadith eya Abil Hayyaa nga eva ku Imam Ali (a.s) nebirala.
Ffe kati kyetwogerako yensonga eyokuzimba kuntaana mungeri eyokuyimirizaawo ekisenge, nokuteekako akasolya, naye ensonga eyokulambula entaana, tujja kujoogerako mubutongole.
Kukikwaata kunsonga esooka, tujja kuyita mumakubo asatu:
(1) Qur’an eyekitiibwa eraba etya ensonga eyo? Era erina wejinyonyolerako?
(2) Abaffe, kituufu ekibiina kyobusiram kyegatta kukuziyiza okuzimba kuntaana oba kwo kwaali kumanyiddwa okuviiraddala kumirembe egyasooka – nga omulembe gwa Nabbi ne swahaab?
(3) Hadith ya Abil Hayyaaji etegeezaaki neya Jaber neya Immu ssalama neya Na-lm mwezo abawahaab zebesembesa nazo kubukyaamu bwaabwe.
Qur’an eyekitiibwa teyayingira kunsonga eyo eyeyawulidde okujjako nti tuyinza okwesembesa zi ayat endala ezibuna.
Kale bino bikuyambe mukunyonyoka obulungi:
Mazima Qur’an eyekitiibwa etwaala okugulumiza obubonero bwakatonda nga kabonero akalaga okutya kwemitima, katonda agamba:
“Omuntu yenna bw’agulumiza obubonero bwakatonda, mazima abeera mubatya katonda”
Kati ekibuuzo ekyebuuzibwa, okugulumiza obubonero bwakatonda kitegeezaaki?
Okuddamu kuli nti: Ekigambo “Sha-a-iri” oba “Sha-ira” kitegeeza obubonero oba akabonero.
Kituufu okugulumiza obubonero bwakatonda kiraga kutya naye sibuli kabonero ketubatulabye kalaga kutya. Mpozzi obubonero obutegezebwa bwebubonero bweddiini. N’olwekyo abamu mubavvuunula Qur’an mu ayat eyo esomeddwa waggulu. Mukigambo “Sha-a-lri llah”, bagamba nti ekigendererwaamu “bubonero bwaddiini”.
Era bwekiba nga “Swafa” ne “Mariwa” nengamiya etwalibwa emina okusalibwa eri mububonero bwa katonda, kiba kiraga nti bubonero bwaddiini.
Nemuzidalifa nakyo kiyitibwa kabonero kaddini ya Allah era nokuyimirira mukifo ekyo kiraga kugondera Allah owekitiibwa. Nokukungaana muhijja nakwo kabonero akalaga okwaawula katonda era kabonero kaddini.
Kale mukubigatta byonna tugamba nti buli kyonna ekiyitibwa akabonero kakatonda, okukigulumiza kubeera kusembera wa katonda omugulumivu. Ate baNabbi baakatonda n’abaagalwaabe bebasinga okweyoleka obulungi okubeera obubonero bweddini ya katonda kubanga beebaali ekkubo eryayitirangamu obubaka bwakatonda okutuuka kubantu.
Era buli omu akakasa nti okubeerawo kwaNabbi neba Imam, kabonero mububonero bw’obusiram, kale omuntu yenna bw’abagulumiza aba agulumizza katonda era kiraga nti muti wakatonda.
Era tewali kubuusabuusa, mazima okukuuma obuwufu bwaabwe nokukuuma entaana zaabwe obutazibuzaawo, nakyo kiraga okugulumiza obubonero bwakatonda (s.a). Mpozzi munjogera endala, tuyinza okulaba obukulu bw’okugulumiza entaana zabaagalwa bakatonda nga tuyita mungeri zino ebbiri:
(i) Mazima abaagalwa bakatonda nokusingiraddala abo abaawaayo emitimagyaabwe olweddiini nokujisaasaanya, baali mububonero bwakatonda.
(ii) Mazima okuzimba kuntaana zaabwe nokusigala nga tuboogerako, - ebirungi mubyafaayo byaabwe – ebyo byonna biraga kubagulumiza nakubawa kitiibwa.
Nolwekyo, okusinziira kunsonga ezo, ffe abasiramu fenna tulaba nga okusigala nga tuboogerako nokuzimba kuntaana zaabwe nokulekawo abuwufu bwaabwe, kirina engeri gyekiwaamu abagoberezi baabwe okubeera nga babanyweererako emirembe gyonna.
Nokubafuula ekyokulabirako, nokubagulumiza. Bwetuba twagala okutegeera ensonga eyo obulungi kyetagisa okwetegereza mu aya eno eyekitiibwa – Hajj: 36.
“Nengamiya, twajibafuulira nga kabonero mububonero bwakalonda”
Oluberyeberye, abantu abamu bwebaalinga bagenda muHijja baagendanga nengamiya zaabwe okuva munsi zaabwe nga zaakusala nga bweguli omukolo mumikolo gyaHijja. Baali balekanga ebyikomo munsingo zaazo oba ekintu ekirala olwokulaga nti zireteddwa emakka lwakusalibwa kulwakatonda era tezikkirizibwa kutunda wadde okugula. Kale, zaali zitegerekeka olwebikomo ebyaalekebwanga munsingo zaazo.
Olwensonga eyo, katonda yagyifuula nga kabonero kakatonda era nobusirama kyebwaava bulagira okuwa ensolo eyo ekitiibwa – tekisaana kujebagala, erina okuweebwa ebyokulya nebyokunywa mubujjuvu okutuusa bwetuuka kusaawa yaayo eyokusalibwa.
Kale, fumintirizamu, engamiya eyo bweeba nga eweebwa ekitiibwa ekyo kyonna lwakuba nti efuse kabonero kakatonda, kibeera kitya kuba Nabbi neba Imam?!
Abaffe, baNnabbi neba Imam(a.s) n’abamanyi, nabafiira mukkobo lyakatonda, - abo bonna abaawaayo emitima gyaabwe mukwesinza katonda okuva muntandikwa, nebitondebye mukubalungamya – tebatwaalibwa nga bubonero bwakatonda?
Abaffe, ggwe olaba nga tekisaana kubagulumiza nakubawa kitiibwa mubulamu bwaabwe noluvanyuma lwokufa kwaabwe?!
Bwebeera kaaba, swafa nemariwa, Mina ne Arafaat – awamu nokubeera nga bintu bikalu, byaakolebwa muttaka namayinja – bitwaalibwa nga bubonero bwakatonda era nga tukakasibwaako okubigulumiza engulumiza ebisaanira olwenkwatagana gyebirina nekatonda, lwaaki abaagalwa bakatonda tebabeera bubonerobwe – olwokukuuma eddiini yakatonda, nokusaasaanya amateeka gaayo, nenkwatagana eri wakati waabwe nekatonda owekitiibwa?!
Mazima tuyita abawahaab okweramula bbo benyini munsonga eyo. Era tubabuuza nti: abaffe mubuusabuusa mubaNabbi bakatonda nababakabe nti bayinza obutabeera bubonero bwakatonda?!
Abaffe, tekyeraga kyokka okubeera nga kitukakatako okubagulumiza nokubajjukira buli kiseera, nokwekwaata kunkola yaabwe?!
Abaffe okuzimba kuntaana nokuyonja ebitundu byezirimu kyekiraga okugulumiza abantu abo nokubawa ekitiibwa oba okumenya entaana zaabwe nobutayonja kitundu mweziri newatuuka okwononeka, kyekiraga okugulumiza n’okuwa ekitiibwa?!
Mazima Qur’an eyekitiibwa, etulagira okwaagala nokukolagana obulungi nab’olulyo lwa Nabbi (s.a.w).
Allah agamba: “Bagambe (gwe Nabbi Muhamad) nti sirina kyembasaba kirala (olwokubakowoola) okujjako okwaagala abolulyo lwange”.
Mubutuufu, kyeyolefu nyo eri buli omu katonda gw’aba ayolekezza omulanga ogwo mu Aya eyo nti okuzimba kuntaana z’abantu ba Nabbi (a.s) ngeri mungeri ezokwolesezaamu okubaagala.
Era enkola eyo emanyiddwa munsi yonna nti omuntu bwaafa n’ozimba kuntaanaye, kiraga nti omwaagala nyo. Kale ky’ova alaba nti omuntu owekitiibwa bwaafa atera kuziikibwa mubifo byaatiikirivu era nebasiimba nawo ebimuli nemiti.
Tukifuna bulunginnyo okuva muzimu mu Aya zaQur’an nti okugulumiza entaana ezabakkiriza yali nsonga nga emanyiddwa mubibiina ebyasooka nga obusiramu tebunnaba kujja.
Ensonga ekwaata kubantu abadduka nebagenda mumpuku (Kahaf), amawulire bwegamala okusaasaana mubantu nebategeera era nebagenda eri empuku eyo okubalaba, baayawukana mukyebaba bakolera ekifo kyebaabaziikamu. Abamu baagamba nti tubazimbeko omuzimbo. Abamu nebagamba nti tujja kufuulawo sinzizo.
Kale wano, bwetwetegereza, tusanga Qur’an nga etunyumiza endowooza ebbiri ezo awatali kuzigaana oba okuzinyumyaako mungeri eyokwetamwa. Abavvuunuzi ba Qur’an bagamba nti: okwaawukana okwaaliwo mukifo ekyaziikibwaamu abantu abo (aswihaabul kahaf) kwaava mubantu bamirundi ebiri: abakkiriza nabakaafiiri. Abakaafiiri bagamba nti: mubazimbeko ekizimbe. Ate abakkiriza nebagamba nti tujja kubazimbako omuzikiti. Era abaasinga obungi baali wamu nabakkiriza, kubanga katonda agamba: “Abo abaawangula baagamba nti tujja kubazimbako omuzikiti (essinzizo).”
Enkomerero yabyonna, omuzigiti gwaazimbibwa era ekifo ekyo nekifuuka ekyekitiibwa nga era kigulumizibwa.
Era kyeyoleka bulungi nti ekyaagendererwa okuzimba kuntaana ezo, kyaali kugulumiza bantu abo (Aswihaabul kahaf) kubanga baali baagalwa bakatonda era bakozi babulungi balongoofu.
Owange ggwe omusomi owekitiibwa, oluvanyuma olwa aya ezo, ate tetuyinza kusigala nga tugamba nti okuzimba kuntaana zabaagalwa bakatonda tekikkirizibwa wadde okutamwa wabula kubeera kugulumiza bubonero bwakatonda nakwoolesa kwaagala kwaffe eri ab’olulyo lwaNabbi (s.a.w).
Mazima katonda owekitiibwa yalagira okugulumiza amayumba ago agogererwaamu erinya lyakatonda. Agamba Allah MuQur’an:
“Mumayumba ago katonda geyasitula era nakkirizaamu erinyalye okwogerwaako, bamutendereza kumakya nolweggulo, mulimu abasajja abatalabankanyizibwa nakutunda wadde okugula okuva kulinya lyakatonda…”([2])
Okwesembesa Aya eyo waggulu kukkirizibwa okuzimba kuntaana kujjula nansonga zino ebbiri wansi:
(i) Kiki ekigendererwa mukigambo “Mayumba”?
(ii) Ekigendererwa mukigambo “kusitula” kiki?
Ensonga esooka, ekigendererwa mumayumba si mizikiti gyokka, wabula kigazi okusinga emizikiti nebifo ebirala ebyogererwamu erinyalye eryekitiibwa, amakulu, kagubeere mizikiti oba ogutali muzikiti nga amayumba gabaNabbi ne ba Imam (a.s) nabalongoofu abo abatabuzibwabuzibwa nabyamaguzi kuva kulinya lya katonda. Kale amayumba ago gatwaalibwa nga geego agalina okubeera ameeyolefu mu Aya eyo eyekitiibwa.
Era kisoboka okugamba nti ekigendererwa mu Aya simizikiti kubanga enyumba kyekizimbe ekirina ebisenge ebina nga era kiriko nakasolya akayimiridde. Kaaba, bweeba nga eyitibwa nti nyumba yakatonda, lwakubeerako kasolya. Era Qur’an etwaala enyumba nga kyekifo ekiriko akasolya.
Allah agamba: “Singa abantu bonna baali kibiina kimu (nga bali kunkola emu eyobukaafiiri, nebalaba nga ebyokwewunda byensi byebibasingira enkomerero) twaalifudde obusolya obwama-yumba gaabo abagyeemera katonda ne bubeera bwafeeza”([3])
Kyetugenderdde mu Aya eyo waggulu kwekubeera nga twaagala tukifune bulungi nti enyumba erina okubeerako akasolya ate tukimanye nti omuzikiti, ekisinga obulungi – musharia – bwebutabeerako kasolya. Era Masjidil Haraam teriiko kasolya.
Kale, mubuli ngeri yonna gyetuba tugerangeranyizzaamu, tukifuna nti ekigendererwa mumayumba kigazi okusinga omuzikiti oba ogutali muzikiti. Ebyo byonna bibadde kunsonga esooka. Naye ensonga eyokubiiri:
Amakulu agekigambo “kusitula”, kirimu endowooza bbiri. Ekigendererwa kiyinza okubeera okusitula kuno okumanyiddwa okulabwako nga okuyimirizaawo ekisenge nokuzimba, nga Allah bwagamba: “Jukira Ibrahim weyasitulira akasolya kenyumba ne Ismaail”.([4])
Oba ekigendererwa kiyinza okubeera okusitula okutalabwaako nga katonda bwagamba: “Era twamusitula (netumuteeka) mukifo ekyawaggulu”([5]) Amakulu: twaamuwa.…
Kale amakulu agasooka bwegabeera nga gegagendererwa, kiba kitegeeza nti tukkirizibwa okunyweeza amayumba gaba Nabbi n’abaagalwa bakatonda nokugaddabiriza. Mubulamu bwaabwe noluvanyuma lw’okufa kwaabwe. Ate kimanyiddwa bulungi nti baNabbi, ba Imam n’abalongoofu bonna baazikibwa mumayumba gaabwe. Nolwekyo, okulongoosa amayumba kibeera kugagulumiza nakugawa kitiibwa nakugalongoosa okugajjako buli kyonna ekitagasaana.
Mubuli ngeri yonna. Okukkirizibwa okugasitula kwajja kulwakubeeramu basajja balongoofu abo abatendererezaamu erinya lyakatonda kumaka nolweggulo.
Oluvanyuma lwa Aya ezo ne Aya endala ezizifaanana, omuwahaab akijjawa okumenya amayumba gabantu bomubaka wakatonda (s.a.w) ago agaagwangamu bamalaika b’akatonda era nga yensibuko yokutendereza katonda nokusaasaanya eddiiniye namateekaage?!!
Bakijjawa – Abawahab – okumenya ebifo ebyo ebyebitiibwa nga ate bwebuddiro bw’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu, baali babirambulanga, nebatendererezaamu katonda, bwebasaala era bwebasaba?!
Lwaaki Abawahab bevaamu nebakakkanya ebifo ebyebitiibwa ebyo, nebabifuula ebifo ebyekiwuubaalo?!
Lwaaki?, Lwaaki? Era Lwaaki?
Yagamba AlHafidh Assuyuti okuva ku Anas bn Malik ne Braida:
Mazima omubaka wakatonda (s.a.w) yasoma ekigambo kyakatonda “Mumayumba ago katonda geyakkiriza okusitulwa…” omusajja n’asituka n’agamba Nabbi (s.a.w) nti: Mayumba ki, owange ggwe omubaka wakatonda? Nabbi (s.a.w): Amayumba gaba Nabbi. Abubakar naye n’asituka n’agamba nti: N’eno enyumba mweeri? – yasoonga kunyumba ya Ali ne Fatima (a.s) – Nabbi n’agamba nti: yye yeemu kugizisiinga.([6])
Obusiram webwasaasaanira mukizinga kyab’awarabu, nebubuna ekitundu ekiwerako wakati mubugwanjuba, entaana zabaNabbi ezaali zimanyiddwa ebiseera ebyo, zaaliko emizimbo nobusolya. Era nga ezimu ziriko ebisenge ebinyweevu eby’amaanyi, nokutuusa kati, ebimu bikyaaliwo. Nemu Makka mwenyini mulimu entaana ya Nabbi Ismail ne maamawe – Hajar – (a.s) bali mu “Hijir Ismail” nga entaana ya Nabbi Daniel eri mukibuga ekiyitibwa “Shushu” mu Iran , nentaana zabaNabbi abalala nga Hud, Swaleh, Yunus ne Dhil Kiful(a.s) ziri mu Iraq, era nga Nabbi Ibrahim n’abaanabe Ishaaq ne Ya-aqub, ne Yusufu, ziri mu Quds, oluvanyuma olwokubeera nga baali Misir okusooka. Nabbi wakatonda, Musa, Yabajjayo olwekiragiro kyakatonda n’abatwaala mu Quds era bakyaaliyo nokutuusa kati. Buli ntaana mweezo eriko ekizimbe eky’amaanyi. Nentaana yaMaama wabantu – Sayyidat hawwa – eri mu “Jidda” e Hijaaz.
Mazmima entaanaaye – eya Hawwa – yali erina obuwufu obulabikako naye Abawahab bwebaamala okuwamba Hijaaz baagenda nebasaanyaawo obuwufu obwo.
Ebifo ebyo nentaana byaali weebiri abasiram webaggulirawo ekibuga ekyo naye tewaali muntu yenna yabyoogerako oba okulaga ekikolwa kyonna ekikyaamu oba okuzimenya.
Singa okuzimba kuntaana nokuziika abafu mubifo ebisitufu kyaali kikyaamu mubusiram, abasiramu abo balibadde bazimenya naye zikyaaliwo mubifo ebyenjawulo nga mu Urdon, ne Iraq, era baalibadde tebakkiriza kuddaabiriza bizimbe ebyo okusinziira kukuyitawo okwemirembe nebiseera. Era tebagaana kuzimenya kwokwa wabula nokuziddabiriza okumaliraddala ebyaasa ekkumi nebina.
Mazima bbo baali bakozesa amagezi gaabwe nebategeera nti okukuuma buwufu bwabaNabbi eri emu kungeri eyokubagulumizamu era baamanya nti ekyo kibasembeza ewakatonda, nekibafunyisa nempeera.
Agamba Ibn Taimiyya mukitabokye – swiratal Mustaqeem. “Quds bweyamala okuggulwaawo, entaana zabaNabbi zaali zaazimbibwaako naye nga emiryango misibe okutuusa ekyaasa ekyokuna okuva mumasenguka ga Nabbi (s.a.w)”.
Nolwekyo tugamba nti singa okuzimba kuntaana kyaali haraam, kyalibadde kikakafu okuzimenya era tewalibadde kyonna kyaakwekwaasa mukuzireka waade nga emiryaango gyaali misibe wabula ekyalibadde w’ajibu kwekwanguyirira amangu okuzimenya – bwekiba nga kituufu nti emiryango gyaali misibe nga bw’agamba.
Nemubufunze tugamba nti: okusigalawo okwebizimbe ebyo kuntaana ekiseera ekiwanvu ekyo kyonna awamu nokubeerawo kwabamanyi, kabonero akeyolefu akalaga nti entaana zikkirizibwa okuzimbibwaako mubusiramu.
Mubutuufu, tewali kubuusabuusa, okukuuma obuwufu bwabaNabbi(a.s), nokusingiraddala obuwufu bwaNabbi Muhamad (s.a.w) nga entaanaaye, ezaabakyaalabe, abaanabe nebaswahaababe, era nabwekityo, amayumbagaabwe gebebakangamu, emizigiti gyebaasaalirangamu, tewalikubuusabuusa, mulimu emigaso mingi nnyo.
Egyimu kumigaso:
Olwaaleero, oluvanyuma olwokuyitawo ebyaasa nga makumi abiri okuva kukuzaalibwa kwa yesu (Isa) (a.s), tusanga nga ensi ezomubugwanjuba zitwaala yesu mwenyini ne Maamwe, nekitabokye – Enjeel – n’abagoberezibe – abaali ekkumi n’ababiri – nga bintu byakusomako busomi nga byaafaayo era abamu babuusabuusa mukubeerawo kwomusajja eyali ayitibwa Masiih – yesu – nemaamawe – Mariam – nekitabokye – Enjeel.
Naye twebuuze lwaki?
Ensonga eri nti lwakuba tewali buwufu butuufu bulabibwaako. Ekyokulabirako, ekifo kyeyazaalibwamu tekimanyiddwa bulungi, enyumbaye gyeyasulangamu temanyiddwa, era oluvanyuma olwokuttibwa – nga abagoberezibe bwebagamba – yazikibwaawa?
Ekitabokye, bakyongeramu, nebakikendeeza era nebakikyuusa, kubanga Enjeel zino ennya sizize era tezimukwaatako – emu ya Matayo, endala ya yokana, nendala ya makka, nendala ya lukka. Kale kyoova olaba kunkomerero yaazo mulimu ekyafaayo kyokuttibwaakwe nokuzikibwa nga ate byawandiikibwa luvanyuma lwakubulawookwe.
Nokusinziira kunsonga eyo, bangi mubanoonyereza, abakakasa nti Enjeel zino enyya zitwaalibwa nga bitabo butabo ebiyigiriza olulimi olwo olulina ebyaafaayo mukyaasa ekyokubiri – okuva mukuzalibwa kwayesu.
Naye Singa waaliwo engeri eyokukuuma obuwufu bwa Isa (a.s) bwandibadde kabonero akalaga obutuufu bwentandika eyokubeerawo kw’obulamu bwa Isa (a.s) n’ebyo byonna byeyayogeranga era tewalibadde muntu yenna abyibuusabuusa mw’abo abalina endowoza ezokumpi.
Ate bwekituuka kuffe abasiramu, obuwufu bwaNabbi waffe bwebuba nga weebuli, tugambabugambi nti abangemmwe abantu, Mazima omusajja yatumibwa okuva e Hijaz, oluberyeberye lwemya-aka lukumi mubina okulungamya abantu era omulimogwe yagukola bulungi nga bwegusaanira, era buno bwebuwufubwe mubulamubwe mu Makka ne muMadina; eno yenyumba gyeyazaalibwaamu, eno yempuku obubaka mwebwamukkirako, ogwo gwemuzikitigwe gweyasaalirangamu, eyo yenumba gyeyazikibwaamu, ago gemay-umba g’abaanabe nebakyaalabe n’abekikaakye, era zino zentaana zab’olulyoolwe nabaamuddira mubigere(a.s).
Naye kati bwetuba tusanguddewo obuwufu bwa Nabbi (s.a.w). tubeeranga abasanguddewo ensibuko yokubeerawookwe era tuba tuwadde abalabe ekkubo okwoogera byonna byebaba b’agadde.
Mazima okujjawo obuwufu bwaNabbi n’abantube (a.s) tekiraga kwoonoona gyebali kyokka wabula oba otyobodde ekitiibwa kyaabwe n’okukola obulabe kubwa Nabbibwe nabubonero bweddiniye.
Mazima obubaka bwobusiramu bwamirembe gyonna. Obusiramu bujja kusigala nga ddiini y’abantu bonna okutuusa kulunaku owenkomerero. Nolwekyo, kyetagisa emirembe egyomumaaso gyisangewo ensibubo y’obubaka gyiryooke gyikkirize obutukuvu bwaabwo.
Kale olwokwaagala okutuukiriza ekigendererwa ekyo, tulina okukuuma olubeerera obuwufu bw’oyo nanyini bubaka Nabbi waffe Muhamad (s.a.w). Ekyo ky’ekiraga okutambula kw’obusiramu nga tebukutuka emirembe gyonna egyomumaaso, era waleme kubeerawo muntu yenna abuusabuusa mukubeerawo kwa Nabbi Muhamad(s.a.w) nga bwebabuusabuusa abamu mukubeerawo kwa Nabbi Isa (a.s).
Mazima abasiramu baatwaala obuwufu bwa Nabbi (s.a.w) nga kikulu nyo n’ebyafaayobye neneyisaaye okutuusa bwebaawandiika nebintu ebyekyaama nabuli kyonna ekyakwaatagana n’obulamubwe. Baatuuka okuwandiika ebikwaata kumpetaye nengattoze, nomuswaakigwe, nekitalakye, nengaboye neffumolye, nenfalaasiye, nengamiyaye, no’buvubukaabwe. Tebaakoma kweebyo byokka, wabula baawandiika nekunzizi zeyanywangamu, nettaka lyeyawa-ngayo mukkubo lyakatonda, nemmere gyeyasinganga okwaagala, era nebawandiika nekungeri gyeyatambulangamu negyeyalyangamu nokunywamu, era nebikwaata kukirevukye ekyekitiibwa n’okukizi-gula, nebirala bingi era n’ebimu mubyo bikyaliwo n’okutuusa olwaaleero.
Bwetuba tusomye ebyaafaayo by’obusiramu nokunoonyereza munsi z’obusiramu, nobuwufu bwetulabako, kiraga bulungi nnyo n’obweyolefu nti okuzimba kuntaana nokuziddabiriza zireme kwonooneka, kyaali kimanyiddwa mubasiramu bonna munsi z’obusiramu zonna era entaana mpitirivu nnyo ezabaNabbi n’abasajja abalongoofu mubitundu ebyenjawulo ezirongoosebwa buli kiseera era abasiramu bagenda nebazirambula era zitwaalibwa nga buwufu bwabyaafaayo.
Mazima entaana zaba “Auliyaa-e” zaali zaazimbibwaako ebizimbe ebyamaanyi ppaka nemu Madina mwenyini, ne mu “Haramain Sharifain” oluberyeberye lwekikemo kyabawahab, naye teri mumanyi yenna yakiraba bubi oba okweetamwa olwokuzimba kuntaana ezo nokuziddabiriza.
Abamu baleme kukirowooza nti mu Iran mwokka mweemuli entaana ezaazimbibwwako emizimbo eminyweevu, wabula ekyo kiri munsi nyingi ez’obusiramu, nokusingiraddala mu Misir, Syria, Iraq, Magrib, Tunus ne mu Jordon. Munsi ezo, mulimu entaana ezabasajja abaali abamanyi n’abebitiibwa mubusiramu. Era abantu bangi abagendayo okubalambula nebabasomera Alfatha, nebafuna empeera yaayo.
Era nga bwekiri nti ebifo ebyo birina abakozi abayonjomu, nokubirabirira nokubikuuma.
Kale oluvanyuma lw’ebyo byonna, okuzimba kuntaana kibeera kitya Haraam nga ate mpisa yabasiramu okuviraddala kuntandiikwa yobusiramu ppaka olwaaleero.
Mazima empisa yobusiramu eyo eraga okukkirizibwa okuzimba kuntaana era eraga nti kyetaagisa nyo kubanga tewaaliwo n’omu eyakiwakanya. Omuwandiisi omu mubawahab yawa obujulizi nti mpisa weeri era yavadda. “Eyo nsonga yabuna ensi yonna, era bangi abaakikola mubuvanjuba nemubugwa bwaayo. Teri nsi munsi zobusiram okujjako nga mulimu entaana nebifo ebyemizizo, era emizikiti egisinga obungi giriko entaana. Tekiyinza kubeera Haraam, bamanyi nebasigala nga batudde”.
Kyokka, ekyewuunyisa, omusajja omuwahab oyo awamu nokukkiriza nti okuzimba kuntaana mpisa yabasiramu kuvadda, naye era omusanga olw’obuwakanyi bwaalina nendowooza enkyaamu, alaba nga abamanyi baakola kibi okusirika nebataziyiza bantu kuzimba kuntaana era mbu ekyo tekiziyiza bamanyi bamulembe guno kugaana.
Naye okumuddamu kwangu, kubanga kisoboka kitya abamanyi okusirika okumala ebyaasa omusanvu nebatoogera kukintu ekitakkirizibwa.
Era Quds bwemala okudda mumikono gyabasiramu kumulembe gwa Umar bn Alkhatab, lwaaki Umar teyalagira kumenya ntaana zabaNabbi ezaaziimbibwa?!
N’ekyewuunyisa kwekwaanukula okwabamanyi abeMadina nti “kyo ekikwaata kukuzimba kuntaana, tekyikkirizibwa okusinzira kukwegatta kw’abamanyi nobutuufu bwa hadith eziyiza ensonga eyo. Nolwekyo, abasinga obungi balagira okuzimenya”.
Kijja kitya abamanyi abeMadina okugamba nti abamanyi bonna begatta kukuziyiza okuzimba kuntaana awamu n’ekyo nga abasiramu baaziika omubaka wakatonda (s.a.w) munyumba Aisha mweyali asula, oluvanyuma nebaziikamu abubakar ne Umar. Noluvanyuma baazimba ekisenge wakati wenyumba olwokwaagala ekitundu kyaayo kibeere nyumba ya sayyidat Aisha, nekitundu ekirala nga ntaana ya Nabbi(s.a.w) ne Abubakar ne Umar. Olwokuba nti ekiseera ekyo baazimba ekisenge kimpi, bwebaamala nebakisitulako kumulembe gwa Abdullah bn Zubair, noluvanyuma, enyumba eyo erimu entaana ya Nabbi – egenda eddibwaamu okuzimbibwa okusinzira kunzimba eba eri kumulembe. Kumulembe gwa gavument yaba Umayya ne Abbasiyya, okuzimba kuntaana kyaali kitwaalibwa nga kikulu nnyo.
Ekizimbe ekikyaasembyeeyo nokutuusa kati kuntaana ya Nabbi eyekitiibwa kyaazimbibwa kumulembe gwa captain Abdul Hamiid mumwaka 1270H era yatwaala ebbanga lyamyaaka ena.
Omuntu aba ayagadde okufuna ebisingawo, ayinza okutunulako mukitabo “Wafa-ul wafa ekya Masmuhudi” okuva kulupapula 383 – 390.
Kati ekiseera kituuse ekyokunoonyereza ku Hadith Abawahab gyebeekwaatako kukuziyiza okuzimba kuntaana. Okusooka kwabyonna katumle okuleeta hadith nga Muslim bweyagireeta mukitabokye.
“Baatunyumiza, yahya bn Yahya ne Abubakar bn Abi Shaibe, ne Zuhair bn Harb. Agamba yahya: yatubuulira – ate omulala yagamba: yatunyumiza Waki-u okuva ku suf-yan okuva kuttabib Ibn Abi Thabit okuva ku wa-el bn Abil Hayyaj Al-Asadi, yagamba: Ali bn Abitwalib yangamba: Abaffe, nkutuma kumulimo Nabbi gweyantumako, okubeera nga tosanga sanamu lyonna okujjako nga olimenya wadde entaana ensitufu okujjako nga ogikendeeza”.([7])
Mazima Abawahab beekwaasa hadith eyo mukuziyiza okuzimba kuntaana awatali kwetegereza nsibuko yaayo wadde abaajoogera.
Mubufunze, bwetuba twaagala okwesembesa hadith yonna muhadiths kunsonga yonna munsonga ezikwaata kumateeka gaakatonda, erina okubeeramu obulombolombo buno obubiri:
1- obutuufu bwensibuko yaayo: Aboogezi ba hadith balina okubeera nga beesigwa era nga besigamirwaako nebigambo byaabwe.
2- Enjogera yaayo: Enjogera ya hadith nenjatuza eyebigambo byaayo birina okubeera nga tebyawukana kukigendererwa kyaffe muyo, era nga omuntu omulala bwaajisoma ategeera kyetugenderedde ebbanga ly’amala nga amanyi olulimi lwahadith eyo namateeka gaalwo.
Naye ekyomukisa omulungi, obulombolombo obwo bwombi muhadith ya Abil Hayyaj tebuliimu n’okusingiraddala akookubiri. Nolwekyo hadith eyo terina weekwaataganira nakuzimba kuntaana.
Ebikwaatagana kunsibuko yahadith, twesanga nga mulimu aboogezi abateesigibwa okusinziira kukunoonyereza nabamanyi.
Bano bebamu muboogezi bahadith eyo:
(i) Waki-e.
(ii) Sufiyan Thauri.
(iii) Habiib bn Abi Thabit.
(iv) Abu –Wa-el Al-Asadi.
Aboogezi bahadith abo abana. AlHafidh bn Hajir –al-Asqalaani yaboogerako mukitabokye (Tahdhib Ttahdhib) nti Siibeesigwa muhadith zaabwe nga era neeyo gyetwoogerako mweeri:
(i) Alhafidh Al-Asqalaani yagamba okuva ku Ahmad bn Hambal nti “Waki-e yakola ensobi muhadith bikumi bitaano”([8]). Era agamba nga abijja ku Muhamad bn Nasir Almarwazi “yali (waki-e) ayogeranga makulu kubanga teyali munnalulimi”. ([9])
(ii) Asqalaani agamba-nga abijja ku Ibn Mubaarak – nti Sufiyan Thauri yayogera hadith naye nga yalina byaagenda ayongeramu, bweyandaba, n’akwatibwa ensonyi” ([10])
Nolwekyo, omwoogezi wahadith oyo yali siimwenkanya era nga talina mazima kubanga ebigambobye tebyaali bitereevu.
(i) Asqalaani yawandiika nga abijja ku Abi Habban nti mazima Habiib bn Abi Thabit “yali nga ayongeramu ebigamba”([11]). Ate era yawandiika (Asqalani) nga abijja ku Qattan nti mazima Habiib “Tagobererwa kubanga ebigambobye tebyeesigibwa”.
(ii) Ate ebikwaata ku Abi wa-el, mazima yali mubantu abaayawukana ku Imam Ali – omukulembeze wabakkiriza (a.s) era ali omu kubantu abamuteekako obulabe obwaamaanyi. Kale kisoboka kitya okwesigamira kumuntu ng’oyo nga ate Nabbi (s.a.w) yagamba “owange ggwe Ali, teri akwaagala okujjako omukkiriza ate teri akutamwa okujjako omunnanfuusi”.([12])
N’ekyeewuunyisa, kwekusanga omwoogezi wahadith – Abil Hayyaj – nga talina hadith yonna muswahih omukaaga okuva kuntandikwa yaazo okutuusa kunkomerero okujjako hadith eyo yooka. Kale omusajja ngo oyo atalina hadith yonna okujjako eyo emu, tunaamwoogerakooki?!
Ekyo kiba kiraga nti omusajja simwogezi wahadith. Nolwensonga eyo, okumwesigamirako kirimu obuzibu.
Ssebo omusomi ewekitiibwa, eyo yensibuko yahadith ya Abil Hayyaj, era oteegedde obunafu obwaaboogezi baayo n’abamanyi obutabegattako. Kale buli hadith bwebeeramu obukendeevu nga obwo, teri mumanyi ayinza kujeesigamirako bwaaba nga ayagala okuwa okulamulakwe kunsonga yonna.
Ate ebikwaata kunjatula ya hadith, era tusangamu obukendeevu, kubanga ensoonga erimu enkulu gyebeesembesa, byeebigambo:
“... Wadde entaana engulumivu okujjako nga ogyikendeezaako”.
Wano, kyeetaagisa okumala okweetegereza amakulu gebigambo bino ebibiri:
1- Mushirifan – ensitufu – engulumivu.
2- Sawwaitahu – Okujikendeeza.
(1) Ekigambo (mushirif) kitegeeza: ekiri waggulu oba ekisitufu. Nga bwekinyonyolwa mubitabo eby’olulimi oluwarabu nga “Almunjid” nemu “Swahibul qaamus”.
N’olwekyo, “mushirif” kitegeeza obusitufu, nokusiingiraddala nga obusitufu bwebbango lyengamiya, kale kitukakatako okwetegereza obulungi mukunoonyereza amakulu agatuukaana nekigendererwa mukigambo ekyo muhadith.
(2) Ekigambo “Sawwaitahu” kitegeeza okwenkanyankanya ekintu nokutereeza ekiba kyeweseemu. Era kyajja muQur’an eyekitiibwa “Oyo eyatonda neyenkanynkanya”.([13])
Oluvanyuma olwokutegeera amakulu agebigambo ebyo, kyeetagisa okutegeera ekigendererwa mu hadith.
Mubutuufu, hadith eyo, tugirinamu endowooza bbiri naye tulina okulondako emu entuufu okusinziira kumakulu g’ebigambo nebirala.
Endowooza esooka: okubeera nga Imam – omukulembeze wabakkiriza, Ali (a.s) – yalagira Abil Hayyaj okumenya entaana ensitufu nokuzisaanyaawo ppaka kuttaka kwenyini. Naye endowoza eyo abawahab gyebeekwaatako, sintuufu olwensonga eziwerako.
Esooka: Enjatuza “tasiwiya”, teyajja mululimi oluwarabu nga etegeeza kumenya nakusaanyaawo era singa kyekyaali ekigendererwa, hadith yalibadde egamba nti “... wadde entaana okujjako nga ogisaanyaawo ppaka kutttaka” naye muhadith, ekyo tekiriimu.
Ekyokubiri: Bwekiba nga ekigendererwa muhadith kyaali kyakumenya, lwaaki tewaaliwo mumanyi yenna yatoola teekka liragira kumenya?! N’ekirala, bwetugamba nti entaana erina kusanyizibwaawo kuttaka, ekyo kiba kyawukanye ne Sunna kubanga kyaagalibwa mu Sharia eyobusiramu okugyisitulako (entaana) okuva kuttaka. Era abamanyi bonna bagamba nti kyeetagisa okusitulako entaana okuva kuttaka ekigero kyaluta lulamba. Mpozi nga bwekiri mukitabo “Alfiqh alal Madhahibul Aruba, Juzu 1, pg. 420)
Kale endowooza esooka bw’eba nga egaaniddwa, tuba tulina kuvvunula hadith nga tukozesa endowoza eyokubiri, era nga yeeno:
Ekigendererwa muhadith kirinakubeera kutereeza butereeza ntaana ereme kubeera nga mugongo gwakyanyanja oba ebbango lyengamiya, wabula eterezebwe bulungi okwawukanako nabasunni abalala abagamba nti entaana esaana kuzimbibwa nga ebbango lyengamiya okujjako Imam Shafi-e akwaatagana n’aBashia.
Kale mubufunze tugamba nti hadith eyo ekwaatagana nennamula eyaBashia abagamba nti entaana esaana okutereezebwa obulungi, obutabeerako bbango nga eryengamiya era nga kyekiseera ekimu erina okubeera nga nsitufumukko okuva kuttaka.
Era bwetutunula mu Swahih ya Muslim ne mu Sunan za Tarimidh ne Nasa-e wansi womulyango “omulyango ogulimu okulagira okwenkanyaukanya entaana”, nga mulimu hadith ya Abil Hayyaj. Kale singa ekigenererwa kyaali kyakusaanyaawo ntaana nakuzimenyera kuttaka, hadith eyo y’alibadde tebeera wansi wamulyango ogwo wabula yaalibadde wansi wamulyango “omulyango ogulimu ekiragiro ekyokumenya entaana nokuzisaanyaawo”. Era nemululimi, ekigambo “tasiwiya” singa kireetebwa nga kikwaata kukintu nga entaana, ekigendererwa kibeera kutereeza nakwenkanyankanya sossi kugisaanyaawo kuttaka.
Ne hadith endala esangibwe mu Swahih ya Muslim nga nayo erina enjatuza nga eyasoose: “Twaali wamu ne Fadhaala bn Ubaid munsi ye Rome mukitundu “Raudasi”, mukwaano gwaffe naafa. Fadhaala bn Ubaid n’alagira okutereeza entaanaaye era netereezebwa. Oluvanyuma n’agamba nti: nawulira omubaka wakatonda (s.a.w) nga alagira okutereeza entaana n’okugyenkanyankanya”.
Kale ekigambo “Sawwaitahu” kirimu endowooza zaamirundi esatu:
1- Okumenya ebizimbe kuntaana,
Naye nga eyo ebeeranfu, kubanga ekiseera ekyo entaana muMadiina zaali tezinnaba kuzimbibwaako.
2- Okuzisaanyaawo kuttaka,
Naye eyo endowooza nayo terina wejjira kubanga enkola y’abasiram okuva edda era nga kiri ne mu sunna, kwekusitula entaana waggulu ekigero kyaluta lulamba.
3- Okutereeza entaana nokugyenkanyankanya obulungi obutabeeramu makoona, eyo, yendowoza entuufu etwaalibwa. Nolwekyo, tugamba nti omuwahab okujeesembesa, yali kubibye.
Noluvanyuma lw’ebyo byonna, jangu tulabe eyayanjuluza swahih Muslim (Nawawe) kiki ky’agamba kuhadith eyo: “Mazima ekiri musunna, kwekubeera nga entaana tesitulwa nyo kugenda waggulu oba obutagifuula nga ebbango lyengamiya, wabula esitulwaamukko waggulu ekigero kyaaluta era netereezebwa bulungi”.([14])
Kale kyeyoleka bulungi nti eyayanjuluza swahih muslim yakiraba bulungi nyo naye, nga naffe bwetukiraba okuva muhadith ya Imam Ali (a.s) bweyakuutira Abil Hayyaj okugenda okukyuusa entaana ezaali zizimbiddwa mungeri efaananako omugongo gwekyenyanja oba ebbango lyengamiya, abeere nga ezenkanyankanya sossi kuzisaanyaawo kuttaka.
Era siffe fekka abategeera hadith eyo mumakulu ago wabula ne “Alhafith Alqastalani” mukitabo kye “Irishad saari fi sharihil bukhar” bwaatyo bweyagitegeera nga bweyanyonyola nti ekiri sunna kuntaana kwekwenkanyankanya ettaka lyaayo era tekisaana kuleka sunna eyo wadde nga abamu bagamba nti kabonero kabashia era tewali njawulo wakati wokutereeza entaana nehadith ya Abil Hayyaj ... kubanga hadith tetegeeza kusanyaawo ntaana kuttaka wabula etegeeza kutereeza – oluvanyuma olwokugatta ebigambo ebiwerako.
Ate ebyo nga bikyaali awo, Imam Ali (a.s) bw’aba nga ekigendererwaakye mukulagira Abil Hayyaj kyaali kyakumenya ntaana, lwaaki yye teyamenya mizimbo egyaali kuntaana mumulembegwe nga ate obufuzibwe bwaali bubuna buli wamu munsi z’obusiram zonna, era nga amanyi entaana ezaazimbibwaako emizimbo egyamaanyi – nga entaana zabaNabbi mupalastine, Syria, Iraq, Misir, Iran ne Yamen.
Era wadde ebyo nabyo singa tubireka era netukkiriza nti Imam yamulagira - Abil Hayyaj - okumenya entaana ensitufu okuziteeka kuttaka, muhadith temuli kiragira kumenya mizimbo egyazimbibwa kubanga Imam yagamba Abil Hayyaj-hadith bwebeera entufu – nti: “Tosanga ntaana okujjako nga ojenkanyankanya” naye teyagamba nti: “Tosanga kizimbe kuntaana okujjako nga okimenya” kubanga;
Okunoonyereza tekuli kuntaana wabula kuli kubizimbe abakkiriza mwebabeera nga basoma Qur’an ne dua era nebasaaliranamu. Abaffe ebigambo ebyo bitegeeza kumenya ebizimbe ebyo ebiyamba abalambuzi kukwesinza nokwewogamamu mubiseera byenkuba, nomusana, nempewo?
Waliwo endowooza bbiri endala ezetaagisa okukomekkereza nazo okunoonyereza kwaffe.
1- Okubeera nga hadith eyo nehadith endala ezigifaanana zoogera kw’ekyo ekyaali ekyatikirivu era ekimanyiddwa mubibiina ebyasooka kubanga baddiranga entaana ezabantu abaali abolongoofu nebazeesinza oba okuzifuula obwoolekero era nebateeka ekifananyi awali entaana.
Kati bwetugendera kundowoozo eyo, hadith eba tekwaata kubasiramu kubanga ekyo tekiberangako mubasiramu wabula ekimanyiddwa mubasiramu era ekiri munkola yaabwe, kwekusaalira kumabbali wentaana awatali kuzifuula Qibla. Bbo, bolekera Qibla, nebasoma ekitabo kyakatonda nga bali kumabbali gentaana.
Abasiramu bwebaba nga bagenda nebalambula entaana z’abaagalwa bakatonda abakozi bobulungi, nebamala eyo ebiseera nga bali mukwesinza katonda owekitiibwa mubifo ebitukuvu, ekyo bakikola olwekitiibwa kyomuntu eyaziikibwa mukitundu ekyo. Era ensonga eyo tujja kujoogerako mumaaso mubwanjulukufu.
2- Okubeera nga ekigendererwa mukigambo kya Imam Ali(a.s) “timuthal” – okuva muhadith gyeyagamba Abil Hayyaj – kitegeeza bifaananyi namasanau, ate “qabr” nga ategeeza ntaana zaba mushirikina ezo zebaatwalanga nga kikulunyo.
Nolwekyo, mazima hadith ya Abil Hayyaj terina wekwaataganira nakuzimba kuntaana, wabula ekwaata kuntaana ezaakolebwanga nga ebbango lyengamiya oba okubeera nga ekwaata kuntaana zabamushirikina, Nabbibajje byamasanamu.
Mukitabo ekyogera ku Madhihab ana, mujuzu esooka, kulupapula 421, mulimu nti “kitamwa okuzimba kuntaana enyumba, ekizimbe, essomero oba omuzikiti”.
Kale ebbanga ba Imam abana lyebamala nga beegasse kukigambo kimu nti kiri “Makrooh” okuzimba kuntaana, Qadhi owe Najid avaayo atya n’agamba nti kiri haraam?!!
Ate wadde nga bagamba nti kiri makrooh, tewali kiraga nga kituufu n’okusingiraddala bwekibeera ekizimbe nga kiyamba abalambuzi mukukoleramu emirimo gyaabwe egyeddiini n’okusoma Qur’an nga bagisomera oyo eyazimbibwako ekizimbe ekyo.
Hadith ya Jaber etwaalibwa nga eri emu kubintu abawahab byebessembesa kukuziyiza okuzimba kuntaana. Hadith eyo eri muswahih za sunan era yajja munjogera eyenjawulo. Kyokka, ensibuko yaazo zoona eyimiridde kubasajja babiri bokka, era beebano.
1- Ibn Juraih.
2- Abu Zubair.
Okutegeera obutuufu bwa hadith eyo kuyimiridde kukutegeera mbeera y’abo abaajoogera nensibuko yaayo.
Muswahih Muslim mulimu omulyango oguziyiza okukuba sementi kuntaana nokuzimbako. Waliwo hadith eri mumulyango ogwo era nga eva ku Jaber, eri mumakubo asatu era eri mungeri bbiri.
1- yatunyumiza, Abubakar bn Abi Shaiba, yatunyumiza Hafsu bn Giyath, biva ku Abi Zubair, okuva ku Jaber, yagamba: “Nabbi (s.a.w) yaziyiza okukuba sementi kuntaana, nokutuulako nokujizimbako”.
2- Yannyumiza, Haroon bn Abdullah, yatunyumiza Hajjaj bn Muhamad, n’anyumiza muhamad bn Rafi-e, yatunyumiza Rrazaq. Nga bonna babijja ku Ibn Juraih, yagamba:
“Yambulira Abu Zabair nti yawulira Jaber bn Abdullah nga agamba nti: Nawulira Nabbi nga ayogera ekyo kyenyini”.
3- Yannyumiza yahya mutabanyi wa yahya, yatubuulira Ismail bn Ulaiyya, okuva ku Ayub, okuva ku Abi Zubair, okuva ku Jaber, yagamba:
“Yagaana entaana okuzikuba sementi”.([15])
Era ne mu swahih Tarimidh mulimu omulyango nga gugamba nti kitamwa okukuba kuntaana sementi n’okuwandiikako-hadith eyo eri emu era yajjira mukkubo limu era yeno.
4- Yatunyumiza Abdurrahmaan bn Al-aswad, yatubuulira Muhamad bn Rabi-a, nga biva ku Ibn Juraih, okuva ku Ibi Zubair, okuva kuJaber, yagamba nti:
“Nabbi (s.a.w) yaziyiza okukuba sement kuntaana, n’okuwandiikako, nokuzimbako nokutambulirako”.
Oluvanyuma, Tarimidh yagamba nga abijja ku Hassan Albuswir ne Shafi-e, mazima bbo bombiriri bakkiriza okukuba sementi kuntaana”.([16])
Era ne muswahih Ibn Majah, mulimu omulyango nga gulimu okuziyiza okuzimba kuntaana nokuzikubako sementi nokuziwandiikako. Era hadith ekwaata kunsonga eyo yajjira mubifaananyi bibiri era mumakubo abiri.
5- Yatunyumiza Azihar bn Mariwan nemuhamad bn ziyad, yagamba: yatunyumiza Abdulwarith, okuva ku Ayub, okuva ku Abi Zubair, okuva ku Jaber, yagamba nti:
“Yaziyiza omubaka wakatonda okukuba entaana sementi”.
6- Yatunyumiza Abdullah bn Sa-eed, yatunyumiza Hafsu, nga abijja ku Ibn Juraih, okuva ku Sulaiman bn Musa, okuva ku Jaber, yagamba:
“Yaziyiza omubaka wakatonda okuwandiika kuntaana ekintu kyonna” (Swahih Ibn Majah, juzu.1, kitabul Jana-ez, pg. 473).
Oluvanyuma olw’okwoogera hadith eyo, Sanadi – eyagaziya hadith – agamba, nga naye abijja ku Haakim owe Naisabuur, nti hadith eyo ntuufu naye tekolerwaako kubanga abakulembera obusiram okuva edda, mubuva njuba nemubugwa bwaayo, nga balina empisa yaabwe gyebatambulirako eyokuwandiika kuntaana.
Waliwo omulyango mu swahih Nasa-e ogwogera kukuzimba kuntaana. Eno ejja wansi ye hadith eri mumulyango ogwo era yajjira mumakubo abiri nga eri mungeri bbiri:
7- “Yatubuulira Yusufu bn Sa-eed, yagamba: Yatunyumiza Hajjaj okuva ku Ibn Juraih, yagambai yambulira Abu Zubair nti yawulira jaber nga agamba: Yaziyiza omubaka wakatonda okukuba sementi kuntaana oba okuzimbibwaako oba omuntu yenna okutuulako”.
8- Yatubuulira Imran bn Muusa yagamba: yatunyumiza Abdul Warith nti: yatunyumiza Ayub, taata wange okuva ku Zubair, okuva kuJaber, yagamba:
“Yaziyiza omubaka wakatonda okukuba sementi kuntaana”([17])
Era ne mu Sunan Abi Daud, Juzu 3, pg. 216, mumulyango ogwogera kukuzimba kuntaana. Hadith, yajjira mumakubo abiri era mubifaananyi bibiri:
9- “Yatunyumiza Ahmad bn Hambal, yatunyumiza Abdurrazaq, yatunyumiza Ibn Juraih, yambuulira Abu Zubair nti mazima yye yawulira jaber nga agamba nti Nawulira Nabbi nga “aziyiza okutuula kuntaana n’okuzikuba sementi n’okuzizimbako”.
10- “Yatunyumiza Musaddad ne Uthman bn Abi Shaibah, yagamba nti yatunyumiza Hafsu bn Giyath, okuva ku Ibn Juraih, okuva ku Sulaiman bn Muusa. N’okuva ku Ibn Zubair, okuva ku Jaber nga agamba nti Nawulira Nabbi nga “aziyiza okutuula kuntaana nokuzikuba sementi noku zizimbako”.
Yagamba Abu Dauda: yagamba Uthman “oba okwongerwaako” ate Sulaiman bn Muusa naye nayongerako “Oba okuwandikibwaako” Ate Ahmad bn Hambal, mazima yayogera hadith mukitabokye mungeri eno:
11- Eva ku Abdurrazaq nga abijja ku Ibn Juraih: yambulira Abu Zubair nti mazima yawulira Jaber Ibn Abudullah nga agamba: Nawulira Nabbi nga aziyiza omuntu okutuula kuntaana nokujikuba sementi nokujizimbako”.([18])
Ebyo byebyaayogerwa ne Jaber kunsonga eyo. Tugireese nenjatuza zaayo ezenjawulo nensibuko zaayo eziwerako.
Kati ekiseera kino tugenda kunoonyereza tulabe oba esaana okujesembesa oba nedda.
Hadith ya Jaber eyo erimu obunafu bungi obutagisoboseza kujesembesa mungeri yonna, buno bwebunafu obulimu:
1- Mazima munsibuko za hadith zonna zirimu erinya lya Ibn Juraih ne Abu Zubair nga bombiriri baali wamu oba nga baawule. Bwetuba tumaze okutegeera embeera yabantu abo bomiriri, kiba tekyeetagisa kunooyereza embeera zaaboogezi balala awamu nokubeera nga mulimu abanafu nabatamanyiddwa.
Mukitabo Tahadhib Ttahadhib ekya Ibn Hajar al-Asqalaani mulimu ebigambo by’abamanyi ebikwaata ku Ibn Juraih. Era byebino:
Yahaya bn Sa-eed yabuuzibwa ku Hadith ya Ibn Juraih n’agamba nti Munafu. Nagambibwa nti: Mazima yye agamba: Yambulira, n’agamba: byonna temuli ... byonna binafu.
Era yagamba Ahmad bn Hambal nti Ibn Juraih bwaaba agambye nti gundi negundi bangaamba oba nagambibwa, byonna bitamwa – amakulu nti hadiths ze mbi era tezimanyiddwa oba zonna zitamwa.
Ne Malik bn Anas yagamba nti Juraih yali nga omuntu asennya enku ebiseera by’ekiro – yali akungaanya buli kigambo.([19])
Ata Daru Qutuni naye yagamba nti weewale okukyuusakyuusa kwa Ibn Juraih, kubanga abuzaabuza bubi, nga ate “Byaava ku Abdullah bn Ahmad bn Hambal, nga biva kutaatawe – Imamul HaNaabila – nga biva ku Ayub, mazima yye yali atwaala Abu Zubair nga ebigambo byaayogera binafu”.
Sha-aba agamba nti Abu Zubair yali alungiya eswala, ate era yekenyini yagamba nti “Teri muntu yenna munsi gwenali njagala kusinga oyo eyajjanga nemubuuzaako ebifa ku Abu Zubair, lwaali lumu, nengenda e Makka, nemberako nebyenamuwulirako. Bwennali ntudde waali, neebeerayo omusajja eyamujjira, h’abeerako nekyeyamubuuza, kyokka omusajja nga takkiriza kwanukula kwa Abu Zubair. Ekiseera ekyo, yamukambuwalira. Nemugamba: Owange ggwe Abu Zabair, okambuwalira omusajja omusiramu bw’otyo?
N’agamba: mazima yye annyizizza. Nemugamba: omuntu bwakunyiiza omukambuwalira?!. Sikyaddayo kukujjako kigambo kyonna”.
Ne waraqa-u yagamba: “Nabuuza Sha-aba nti lwaaki olese hadith ya Zubair? N’agamba: Mmulabye nga apima, bwapimulula”.
Ate Abi Hatam agamba: “Nabuuza taata wange ebikwaata ku Abi Zubair? Nagamba: Hadith ye ewandikibwa naye tesaana era teyesembesebwa”.
Era yagamba: Nabuuza Abu zari-a ebikwaata ku Abi Zubair?
N’agamba: Abantu bamujjako.
Nemubuuza: Hadith ze zesembesebwa?
N’agamba: Mazima hadith ezesembesebwa zeezaabantu abesigwa.([20]) (amakulu nti yye simwesigwa).
Kale muganda wange, eyo yembeera ya Ibn Juraih ne Abi Zubair, era nabo bali muboogezi ba hadith ya Jaber munsibuko zaayo zonna. Nolwekyo, kisaana okwesembesa hadith nga aboogezi baayo mulimu abasajja abo ababiri?!
Era kyayogeddwaako emabega nti munsibuko ya hadith eyo, mulimu aboogezi abalala abanafu, nga Abdurrahman bn Aswad eyagambibwa nti mulimba era alina byeyeeteekerawo okuva gyaali.
Abafe, kisaana okuzikiriza obuwufu bw’abantu benyumba y’obwanNabbi nobubaka (a.s) nokusaanyaawo obuwufu bwabas-wahaba, n’okugamba nti abasiramu baali munsobi nabubuze okumala ebyaasa ekkumi n’ebina, kyokka nga ebyo byonna babyoogera nga beesigamidde ku hadith eyo ennafu, eyagaanibwa etalina musinji?!
2- Mazima hadith ya Jaber eyo erimu okukyuukakyuuka kwamaanyi munjatuza nemunsibuko zaayo.
Kale okukyuukakyuuka okwo kulaga nti aboogezi ba hadith eyo tebaali nakwegendereza oba okwetegereza mukwoogera kwaabwe nga ate hadith erina okubeera nga tekyukakyuuka nga akalombolombo bwekali. Naye buli lweekyukakyuuka tetuyinza kutebenkera wadde okwesiga omwoogezi.
Mazima hadith ya Jaber yayogerwa mubifaananyi musanvu nga ate Nabbi yojoogerera mukifaananyi kimu.
(i) Omubaka wakatonda yaziyiza okukuba entaana sementi nokugyesigamako.
(ii) Omubaka wakatonda yaziyiza okukuba entaana sementi.
(iii) Omubaka wakatonda yaziyiza okukuba entaana sementi nokujiwandiikako nokujizimbako nokujitambulirako.
(iv) Omubaka wakatonda yaziyiza okuwandiika kuntaana.
(v) Omubaka wakatonda yaziyiza okutuula kuntaana nokugyikuba sementi nokugyizimbako nokugyiwandiikako.
(vi) Omubaka wakatonda yaziyiza okutuula kuntaana nokugyikuba sementi nokugyizimbako.
Enjawulo eri wakati wekifaananyi kya hadith eno newakati wahadith esooka, kwekubeera nga esooka egaana okwesigama kuntaana ate eno eyomukaaga egaana kutuulako.
(vii) Omubaka wakatonda yagaamna okutuula kuntaana nokugyikuba sementi nokugyizimbako. Ekyeyongera mw’eno, “nokugyiwandiikako”. Kale wano tugenda okwetegereza nga mukifaananyi kyino, nga mulimu okuziyiza “okuwandiika kuntaana” ekyayongerwa kukutuulako nokugyikuba sementi nokugyizimbako.
Noluvanyuma lw’ebyo byonna, tunuulira enjawulo eri wakati webigambo ebiri muhadith nenjogera zaazo. Mukifaananyi ekisooka mulimu “kwesigamira”, mukyookusatu mulimu “kutambulirako”, ate mukyokutano nekyomukaga mulimu “kutuulako”, nga ate ekimanyiddwa, okwesigama sikwekutambula era sikwekutuula.
Kale, okukyukakyuuka buli lwekubeera muhadith bwekutyo, teri mumanyi ayinza kugyesiga wadde okugyesigamirako.
3- Mazima hadith eyo – bwetuba tugyitutte nga ntuufu-teriimu kugaana kusukka kuzimba kuntaana, nga ate nokugaana okwo sikwekwokuziyiza – haraam – wabula kwekwokutamwa nga era nakwo kuyitirivu nyo muhadith zaNabbi (s.a.w) ne ba Imam(a.s).
4- Kituufu nti ensibuko yokugaana, kwekuziyiza okutuusa bwetufuna ekitulaga nti okugaana okulimu kwekwokutamwa, naye abamanyi tebalina kyebafuna muhadith eyo okujjako okugaana okwokutamwa. Era kyova olaba nti Tarimidh bweyaleeta hadith eyo mukitabokye – swahih-, yagiteeka wansi womutwe: “okutamwa kw’okukuba sementi kuntaana…”, Nekirala ekisinga okubeera ekyeyolefu, kwekubeeranga Sanadi – Shaarih Swahih Ibn Majah – enyonyola okuva ku Naisabuur nti yagamba nti teri muntu yenna yakolera kukugaana okwo, kubanga bakimanya nti okugaana sikwekwokuziyiza – tahariim – kubanga abasiramu baalina enkola okuva edda eyokuwandiika kuntaana. Nekirala, twesanga nga amadhihab gonna gegatta kukukkiriza okuzimba kuntaana okujjako nga ettaka lyaaweebwa abantu oba okukolerwaako omulimo ogweyawulidde (waqfu).
Eyayanjuluza Swahih Muslim yagamba – bweyali ayanjuluza hadith eyo:
“Ekizimbe ekizimbiddwa kuntaana bwekibeera nga kiri mubufuzi bwamuzimbi, okuzimba okwo kubeera makruuh (kutamwa), naye bwekibeera kulimbo – mukifo ekyawebwaayo mukkubo lyakatonda, - kubeera haraam nga Shafi-e bw’agamba”([21])
Mubintu ebitetagisa kwanjuluza nyo, kyekintu ekiri makruuh (ekitamwa), kubanga okutamwa kwakyo kuyinza okuvaawo olwensonga endala enkulu, nga: singa okuzimba kuntaana ebeera ensonga eyokukuuma obwenyini bwobusiramu, nokwoolesa okwagala eri oyo nanyini ntaana katonda gweyatulaalikako okumwagala, nokubeera ensonga eyokukuuma obubonero bweddiini oba nga abantu abalambuzi bakunganiramu nebasoma Qur’an, nebasaaliramu oba okusabiramu. Ensonga nga ezo, bwezimala okwekunganya, tebijjawo kutamwa kwokka, wabula okuzimba kuntaana kuba kufuuse okwetagisa era nga kulungi nyo olwokuzza obupya obusika bwobusiramu nokuyimirizaawo obubonero bwobusiramu.
Era tewali kubuusabuusa nti ekintu bwekibeera makruuah (nga kitamwa) oba mustahabb (nga kyagalibwa), kisobola okukyuuka okusinzira kunsonga endala eziba zizzeewo kubanga ebintu bingi ebitamwa naye bikyuuka nebibeera nga ate byagalibwa olwensonga ezeyawulidde era nekintu ekiri mustahabb bwekityo.
Ekintu kyonna okubeera mustahabb oba makruuh, kisinzira kukwagalibwa okulimu oba omugaso, era buli kimu tukolera kukulamula kwaakyo singa waba tewali kiziyiza kyonna oba okubeerawo naye nga kyamaanyi okusinga ekyetagisa nga: okwookya kw’omuliro – omuliro gwokya enku bwezibeera nga nkalu – oba okuwonya kwamakerenda – amakerenda gawonya omulwadde singa waba tewali nsonga zino ensonga neyolefu nnyo eri omuntu alina kyamanyiiko kumateeka gobusiramu.
Olwokujjuliriza okunoonyereza kwaffe kwetuliko, katunyonyole hadith endala ebbiri abawahab zebesembesa mukifo kino: Ibn Maja alina hadith mukitabokye:
(1) “Yatunyumiza Muhamad bn Yahya, yatunyumiza Muhamad bn Abdallah Arriqaash, yatunyumiza wahab, yatunyumiza Abdurrahman bn Yaziid bn Jaber okuva ku Qasim bn Mukhaimarah, okuva ku Abi Sa-eed nti mazima Nabbi (s.a.w) yaziyiza entaana okuzimbibwaako”.([22])
Ate Ahmad bn Hambal alina hadith endala gy’ayogera naye nga erina ensibuko zamirundi ebiri, era zezino:
(2) Yatunyumiza Hasan, yatunyumiza Ibn Lahi-a, yatunyumiza bn Abi Habiib nga biva ku Na-em maula Immu Salama, yagamba: “yaziyiza omubaka wakatonda entaana okuzimbibwaako oba okukubibwa sementi”.
(3) Ali bn Isihaq, yatunyumiza, Abdullah bn Lahi-a, yanyumiza Braid bn Abi Habiib okuva ku Na-em maula Immu Salama nti mazima Nabbi yaziyiza entaana okukubibwa sementi oba okuzimbibwaako oba okutuulibwaako.”([23])
Muhadith esooka, mulimu omusajja ayitibwa “Wahabu”, atamanyiddwa mbeeraaye, nolwekyo, hadith nnafu kubanga eriyo abasajja kumi namusanvu naye nga bonna bayitibwa wahabu awatali kubawula awamu nokubeeramu abaali bateekawo ebigambo byabwe nebabiyita hadith, abamu baali balimba.([24]) Kale wahabu ayogerwaako muhadith tamanyiddwa, y’ani?. Nolwekyo, hadith eyo tetugyitwaala.
Ate hadith eyokubiri neyokusatu nazo tetuyinza kuzitwaala kubanga zirimu Abdullah bn Lahi-a munsibuko yaazo. Era Dhahabi agamba nti:
Ibn Mu-en agamba: Munafu, teyeesembesebwa.
Hamiid yagamba okuva ku yahya bn Sa-eed: Mazima ye yali tamutwaala nga kikulu.([25]) Kale wahabu ayogerwaako muhadith tamanyiddwa, y’ani?. Nolwekyo, hadith eyo tetugyitwaala.
Ffe tetulina kyetwogera kunsibuko yahadith ezo ebbiri, wabula tulina ekintu kimu kyokka ekikulu kyetugenda okwogerako:
Mazima abamanyi abebyafaayo n’abamanyi bahadith, bonna banyonyola nebagamba nti omubiri gw’omubaka wakatonda (s.a.w) gwaazikibwa munyumba ya Aisha oluvanyuma olwokwegatta kwabaswahaba kukulonda enyumbaye nga besigamira kukigambo kyaNabbi (s.a.w) ekigamba nti buli Nabbi aziikibwa mukifo ekyo kyaaba afiriddemu.([26])
Kati ekibuuzo ekyebuuzibwa kiri nti, Nabbi (s.a.w) bw’abeera nga yagaana okuzimba kuntaana, baaziika batya Nabbi (s.a.w) munyumba eriko akasolya, ate oluvanyuma nebateeka ekisenge wakati wenyumba, entaana yaNabbi (s.a.w) eryooke ebeereko ekizimbe?!
Nenkisesa, kunsonga eyo, kyekigambo ky’omu kubawandiisi abawahab ekigamba nti “Mazima ekiziyizibwa kwekuzimba kuntaana sossi kuziikibwa wansi wakizimbe. Yye, Nabbi (s.a.w) yaziikibwa wansi wakizimbe naye tebaaziimba kunttaanaye kintu kyonna.([27])
Mazima omuwandiisi oyo yawalirizibwa okuwandiika ekigambo ekyo ekitajja kubanga yalaba nga entaana ya Nabbi (s.a.w) eriko ebizimbe naye singa teyaliiko kizimbe kyonna, yaligambye nti tekikkirizibwa nakuziika munyumba.
Laba omusajja nga oyo, alamula atya nga akozesa amateeka agage kububwe agatali gakatonda olwokusiimya okwagalakwe!!!
Naffe kati tubuuza omuwahab oyo eyabula nti abaffe okuzimba kuntaana kyekiri haraam naye okulekako ekizimbe tekiri haraam?! Oba okuzimbako nokulekako byombi biri haraam?
Okuzimba kuntaana bwekubeera nga kwekuli haraam kwokka, awo tuba tubuuza nti lwaki gavumenti ya Saud eya Ihtilaal yamenya obuwufu bwobwaNabbi nebifo ebirimu ba Imam(a.s) nentaana zabaswahaba nabaana bomubaka wakatonda (s.a.w) nga ate mukimanyi bulungi nti ekiri haram kyemutwaala, kwekuzimba kuntaana kwokka naye okulekako ekizimbe tekigaana?
Nekirala nga ebyo bikyaali awo, okulamula okwo kwawukana nokulamula okwabanammwe abaabasooka – nga Ibn Alqayyim ne Ibn Taimiyya. Ibn Alqayyum agamba: “kikakata okumenya ebizimbe ebyo ebyaazimbibwa kuntaana era tekisaana kubirekawo – oluvanyuma olwokufuna obusobozi obw’okubimenya nokubijjawo – wadde nolunaku olumu”.
Kale okusinziira kukulamula okwo, omuwahab oyo tasobola kugamba nti okuzimba kwokka kweekuli haram kubanga kiba tekyetagisa kwawukana naabo abamusooka okuyingira omuliro.
Ate era waliwo ekibuuzo nti, lwaaki abasiramu baaziika Nabbi (s.a.w) wansi wekizimbe?
Kituufu nti tebaazimba kuntaana ya Nabbi (s.a.w) kizimbe. Naye oluvanyuma olwokuziika mukizimbe, entaana yafuuka enzimbeko era n’ebeera nga eriko ekizimbe.
Era ky’ova olaba nti omuwahab oyo agezaako okudduka ekibuuzo ekyo n’atuuka n’okuleeta amateeka agage nga yye – nga empisa yaabwe bweeri – nti ekizimbe ekiri haram okulekawo, ky’ekyo ekiba kizimbiddwa kuntaana naye bwekiba nga kyekyasookawo entaana, tekiri haraam.
Laba engeri gyagenda nga azanyisaamu amateeka mungalo nga bwalaba era bwadduka amazima agamugoberera.
Ensonga eyo gyetumaze okwogerako, siyeyokka abawahab gyebawukaniramu kunkola yabasiram wabula ensonga nyinji nyo ezaaliwo okuva edda okumaliraddala ebyaasa kkumi Nabbina.
Abawahab batwaala okufuna emikisa okuva kubuwufu bwanNabbi(s.a.w) nti haraam era nebateekawo okuziyiza okwamaanyi nga bwebagamba nti ejjinja nettaka tebirina kyebigasa, naye nga ate abasiram benyiga low’okwagala okunyweegera ejjinja eriddugavu – bwebaba bagenze kukaaba – n’okulikwaatako era nga bwebafuba okulaba nti bakwaatako kukaaba. Kale nekibeera nti abasiram baawukana kubawahab munsonga eyo kubanga banywegera ejjinja nettaka byebagamba nti tebigasa.
Abawahab baziyiza okuzimba emizikiti okuliraana entaana zaba “Auliya” – abaagalwa bakatonda abakozi bemirimo emirongoofu – naye nga ate munsi zabasiramu nyinji ezirimu emizikiti egyiriraaye ebifo ebirimu entaana zaba Auliya nga mukitunda ekye “Uhud”, yaliyo omuzikiti okuliraana nentaana ya Sayyid Hamza (a.s.) naye abawahab bwebaamala okweddiza ekitundu ekyo ekyekitiibwa, baamenya omuzikiti ogwo nebasaanyaawo obuwufu bwoagwo.
Nekiseera kino, entaana yomubaka wakatonda (s.a.w) eri wakati mumuzikiti, era abasiramu beesaalira kulwakatonda waabwe kumabbali gaayo.
Nensonga endala nyingi ezifaananako bwezityo mibitundu bingi naye abawahab bawukaniraddala kunkola yabasiram nekiraga nti bawukana kubusiramu.
Mazima abawahab baalina byebesembesa ebyinafu ebyabawaga okumenya ebitundu ebyaaziikibwaamu ba Imam (a.s) mulimbo ye “Baqi-e” nga bagamba nti ekifo ekyo kyawebwaayo mukkubo lyakatonda nga kyakuzikibwaamu bantu. Nolwekyo, buli kyonna ekiziyiza abantu okukoleramu ekyagendererwa mukuwaayo ekifo ekyo, kirina okujjibwaawo. Kale nga bwekimanyiddwa nti empagi n’ebisenge birina ebifo byebitwaala, nga ate tekisoboka kuziika wansi waabyo, kikakata okubijjawo kiryooke kisoboke ekitundu kyonna okuziikibwaamu.
Mubuutufu, eky’okwesembesa ekyo kyebaaleeta tekirina makulu okujjako baagala kuva kumazima nakusangulawo buwufu bwaba Imam(a.s) abantu benyumba yaNabbi (s.a.w) era kababeere nga tebalina kyakwesembesa, balagira bulagizi ebizimbe nebimenyebwa nobuwufu bwabantu benyumba yaNabbi nebusangulwaawo okusi-nziira kumpisa zaabwe n’amaanyi gaabwe gebakozesa. Okulamula kwaabwe sikwakatonda wabula baagala kubuzaabuza basiram abatalina kiwanvu kyebamanyi kubusiram.
Okwesembesa kwaabwe kufu nga bwebamanyiddwa mukwesembesa ebitaliimu olwensonga eziwerako:
(i) Tetulina kitabo kyonna – kakibeere kya tarekh oba hadith – ekirimu wadde line emu eraga nti ettaka erye “Baqi-e” lyaawebwaayo mukubo lyakatonda nga lyakuzikibwaamu bafu, okujjako ekirowoozebwo oba ekimanyiddwa kiri nti ettaka eryo liyinza okubeera nga lyaali lirekeddwa nga era terimanyiddwaako nanyiniryo. Nolwekyo, abantu abe Madina baali baziikamu abafu baabwe era nga omuntu asobola okulyeeyalizaamu nga bw’aba ayagadde.
Ebiseera ebyo ebyemirembe egyaayita, abantu tebaali balulunkanyi kubyakubeera namataka ago agaali galekeddwa kubanga baali tebalina bulungi busobozi kubeera nga bazimbamu era baali tebannaba kusenguka nyo kuva mubyaalo kugenda mubibuga wadde okubeeramu nobuzibu mubuyfunda bwettaka. Kale ettaka lyaali ddene bulungi nga era lingi eryaali lierekeddwa nga teririiko balifuga.
Mubibuga nemubyaalo mwaalimu enkola nga abantu batongola ekitundu kyettaka nebaziikamu abafu baabwe n’abalala nebabago-berera awatali kutunula mubya waqfu.
Kale ettaka erye Baqi-e teryawukanako n’eryo kubanga ettaka eryaali lirekeddwa nga liyitirivu, kale nga tekisoboka bantu kutoola ttaka lyebaali balimirako baliweeyo nga Waqfu kubanga lyaali ttono.
N’ebyafaayo bikakasa ensonga eyo nga Assamuhudi mukitabo wafa-ul wafa:
“Eyasooka okuziika mu limbo ye “Baqi-e” yali mubaka wakatonda (s.a.w) nga aziikamu Uthman bn Madh-un ..., Ne Ibrahim – omwaana waNabbi – bweyamala okufa, naye yaziikibwa awali Uthman bn Madh-un, kale abantu nebabeera nga bayagala ekifo ekyo era nebatemawo emiti egyaaliwo, buli kika kyaalonda oludda lwaakyo olwokutegeera entaana zakyo…”
Mazima ebigambo bya Assamuhudi biraga nti Baqi-e yali teriiko nanyinyo era lyaasalibwaamu ebitundu ebiwera oluvanyuma olwokuziikibwaamu omu kuba swahaba, buli kitundu nekitongolebwa nga kyakika mubika, naye okugamba nti lyaali lyawebwaayo nga wagfu, tewali kiraga mubyafaayo. Okujjako mpozzi kyetufuna mubyafaayo, kigambibwa nti ekifo ekyirimu emibiri gyaba Imam abatukuva (a.s) mu Baqi-e, kyaali nyumba ya Aqiil bn Abi Twalib era nekibeera nga kyeeraga bulungi nyo nti emibiri egyo gyaaziikibwa munyumba ya bani Hashim.
Assamuhud ayongera n’agamba nti:
“Abbas bn Abdul Mutwalib ya ziikibwa awali entaana ya Fatuma bin Asad bn Hashim muntaana ezasookeraddala ezaba bani Hashim munyumba ya Aqiil.”
Era agamba:
“Biva ku Sa-eed bn Muhamad bn Jubair, mazima yalaba entaana ya Ibrahim omwaana womubaka wakatonda (s.a.w) awali “Zawura-u” – enyumba eyamala n’efuuka eya Muhamad bn Zaid bn Ali ...
Era mazima Saad bn Ma-adh, Nabbi (s.a.w) yamuziika kunkomeroro yekikuubo ekiri kunyumba ya Miqdaad bn Al-Aswad ... era yenyumba eyitibwa: “Daru Ibn Aflah, kunkomerero yaBaqi-e kuliko ekizimbe”.
Ebigambo ebyo byonna biraga nti ettaka lye Baqi-e terya-webwaayo nga Waqf era ba Imam (a.s.) baaziikibwa mumayumba gaabwe gebaali balina.
Noluvanyuma olw’ebyo byonna ebiyise abaffe, kisaana okumenya obuwufu bwabaana b’omubaka (s.a.w), era nebabusanyaawo nekuttaka olwokwekwaasa nti tebikwatagana nawaqfu.
Kale bwetuba tukkirizza nti ettaka eryo lyaali lyawebwaayo abaffe waliwo ekikakasa engeri gyebaaliwaayo? Oba eyaliwaayo yakkirizo okuzimba kuntaana ezabantu abebitiibwa?!
Ffe tetulina bingi nyo bikwaata kunsonga eyo naye kyetumanyi kiri nti abasiramu baazimba kuntaana, nolweekyo tulina okutwaala ekikolwa kyaabwe nga kituufu sossikubayita bajeemu.
Kale okusinzira kunsonga ezo waggulu, tugamba nti okumenya ebizimbe ebyazimbibwa kuntaana ezekitiibwa kiri haraam era kubeera kwawukana kumateeka gabusiramu.
Omulamuzi, Ibn Balihad n’abagoberezibe baali bamanyi bulungi nti ebigambo ebigamba nti Baqi-e yawebwaayo, sibituufu okujjako nti baayagala kwesembesa, era singa stan teyabawa ndowooza eyo, baali bamalirivu okusangulawo obuwufu bw’omubaka wakatonda(s.w) awatali kubuusabuusa, kubanga ogwo sigwemulundi ogusooka wabula ogwasooka gwaaliwo mumwaaka 1221H.
Mukiseera kyebaawambiramu Madina omulundi ogwasooka. Baamenya ebizimbe nebasaanyaa wo nobuwufu, oluvanyuma baaziimba omulundi omulala oluvanyuma olw’okugoba abawahab muMadina n’obufuzi bwa Uthmaniyya.
([1]) Zaadil ma-ad fiihuda khairil Ibaad: ekya Ibn Alqayyum.
([2]) 24: 36 – 37.
([3]) 43: 33.
([4]) 2: 127.
([5]) 19: 57.
([6]) Tafsiir Darril Manthuur, vol. 5, pg. 50.
([7]) Sahiih Muslim Juzu 3, Kitaab Jana-iz, pg. 61, Sunan eya Tarimidh, Juzu 2, pg. 226, Sunan eya Nasa-e, Juzu 4, pg. 88.
([8]) Tahadhib Ttahdhib eya Asqalaani, Juzu 11, pg. 125.
([9]) Tahadhib Ttahdhib eya Asqalaani, Juzu 11, pg. 130.
([10]) Tahadhib Ttahdhib eya Asqalaani, Juzu 4, pg. 115.
([11]) Tahadhib Ttahdhib eya Asqalaani, Juzu 3, pg. 99.
([12]) Shareh Nahaji balagah ekya Ibu Hadiid ekya Ibn AbilHadid. Juzu 9. Pg. 99.
([13]) 87: 2.
([14]) Sharib Swahih Muslim ekya Nawqwe.
([15]) Swahih, kitaabul Jana-ez, Juzu 3, pg. 62.
([16]) Sunan Tarimidh, Juzu 2, pg. 208, tahqiiq Abdurrahman, Muhamad uthman Print libr. Salafia.
([17]) Swahih Nasa-e, Juzu. 4, pg. 87 – 88, kyakubibwa wamu nokwanjuluza kwa Hafidh ssuyuti.
([18]) Musnad Ahmad, Juzu 3, pg. 295 ne 332 era yava ku Jaber ku pg. 399.
([19]) Tahadhib Ttahadib Juzu 6, pg. 404.
([20]) Tahadhib Ttahadhib, mu Tarijima ya Abi Zubair.
([21]) Swahih Muslim, Juzu 3, pg. 62, print Misir.
([22]) Swahih Ibn Majah, Juzu 1, p.g 474.
([23]) Musnad Ahmad, Juzu 6, pg. 299.
([24]) Mizaanul e-etidaal, Juzu 3, pg. 250-355.
([25]) Mizaanul e-etidaal, Juzu 2, pg. 467, wansi womutwe: Abdullah bn Lahi-a.
([26]) Musnad Ahmad, Juzu 1, pg 7, Swahih Tarimidh, Juzu 2, pg. 139.
([27]) Kitaabu Riyadhil jannat, omuwandiisi, muqbal bn Alhadi alwahdi, print Kuwait.
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