Chronicle.

16 August.

In the early morning two armed and hooded offenders broke into a branch of the Deutsche Bank in the district of Rentford-Nord in Gladbeck before opening hours.  At 8:04 am an emergency call was made by a witness to the police. A parked police car was seen by the offenders as they left the branch. They went back into the bank and took two clerks hostage, demanding a car and ransom money, firing their guns into the air several times.  A radio station was the first to conduct an interview with them as the hostage crisis was happening. After several hours of negotiations, the abductors were given 300,000 DM and a white Audi 100 as a getaway car. At 9:45pm the getaway started. Marion Löblich, the girlfriend of Hans-Jürgen Rösner (who was one of the robbers), boarded the car in Gladbeck.

17 August.

After driving on the autobahn to Bremen, the abductors stopped in the district of Huckelriede and hijacked a public-transit bus with 32 passengers at 7:00 pm on 17 August. The media interviewed the abductors and the hostages without any interference from the police. Some hostages even had a pistol pressed against their throats.  After the release of five hostages, the bus was driven to the autobahn service area of Grundbergsee. The two bank clerks were released there.  Two police officers arrested Löblich, who was using the toilet. Demanding an exchange, Degowski and Rösner threatened to kill a hostage every five minutes. After the expiration of the ultimatum they shot a 14-year-old Italian boy, Emanuele De Giorgi, in the head; he was said to be protecting his sister. Löblich was about to be released by the police on demand of the abductors but arrived too late because of a broken handcuff key and poor police communication. An ambulance arrived 20 minutes later, but the shot teenager died two hours later in hospital.  After this incident the bus was driven to the Netherlands. During the chase a police car collided with a truck, leaving one police officer dead and another injured.

18 August.

At 2:30am on 18 August 1988, the bus entered the Netherlands. At 5:15am two women and three children were released, after the Dutch police refused to negotiate as long as children were being held hostage. At 6:30am Rösner and Degowski got a BMW 735i. The getaway car had been prepared by the police so that the engine could be stopped by remote control. While attempting to escape, Löblich and the bus driver were injured.  During a stop in Wuppertal the abductors went shopping in a pharmacy.  After stopping in a pedestrian area in Cologne at 10:30am, the car was surrounded by media and shoppers. Some reporters offered to guide the abductors on their way or to hand them pictures of police officers to prevent trickery if hostages were exchanged. A reporter - Udo Röbel - guided the abductors to a nearby rest area on the autobahn and accompanied them for several kilometres.  On the A3 close to Bad Honnef, a few kilometres before the state border between North Rhine-Westphalia and Rhineland-Palatinate, a police car rammed the getaway car at 1:40pm and rendered it immobile, triggering a gunfight. One of the hostages was able to exit the car, however, Silke Bischoff, 18, was fatally shot in the heart and died. After that the abductors were arrested.  The remote control to stop the car engine was not used since the police officers had forgotten to take it with them. Across the state border, a special task force (GSG9) was in position waiting to take action.

Trial.

On 22 March, 1991 Rösner and Degowski were pronounced guilty by the regional superior court of Essen and received life sentences. Löblich was sentenced to nine years. In 2002 the Higher Court in Hamm ascertained "guilt of a very serious nature" and Degowski's sentence was increased to 24 years. In 2004 the same Higher Court refused an application for parole and a request by Rösner to shorten his sentence. The court also declared a state of "preventive detention" ("Sicherungsverwahrung") and therefore Rösner is unlikely to be freed after the end of his sentence.

Aftermath.

On 20 November 1988, the Minister of the Interior of Bremen Bernd Meyer resigned over mistakes by the police. Several years after the incident, there was a public discussion at a local police academy about the incident with the judge who had sentenced Rösner and Degowski to life in prison and journalists including Udo Röbel, a reporter who had got into the vehicle with the hostage-takers and went with them, giving them directions out of Cologne. The judge praised Röbel for having prevented a potential bloodbath in Cologne by getting into the car. This was not a view expressed in the official report into the incident by a parliamentary enquiry in the state of the North Rhine Westphalia, which commented negatively on the journalists' ethics.

Conduct of the media.

This was the first incident in Germany with direct interference by representatives of the media. The media were severely criticised for their handling of this situation and for conducting interviews with hostages (one of the journalists acting this way was Frank Plasberg).  As a result, the German Press Council (Deutscher Presserat) banned any future interviews with hostage-takers during hostage situations. The head of Germany's largest journalists' union (DJV), Michael Konken, has referred to the incident as "the darkest hour of German journalism since the end of WWII".

Release of Dieter Degowski.

In August 2018 it was announced by the regional court in Arnsberg that Dieter Degowski was to be released on conditional parole after serving 30 years in prison.

References in the media.

A two-part dramatization of the incident, titled "Gladbeck", was broadcast by ARD in March 2018, in an attempt to dissect the dramatic events which occurred.

The Gladbeck hostage crisis (known in Germany as the Gladbeck hostage drama) was a hostage-taking crisis that happened in August 1988 after an armed bank raid in Gladbeck, North Rhine-Westphalia, West Germany. Two men with prior criminal records, Dieter Degowski and Hans-Jürgen Rösner, went on the run for two days through Germany and the Netherlands.

La prise d'otages de Gladbeck (en allemand : ) se déroule du 16 au en Allemagne de l'Ouest. Dieter Degowski et Hans-Jürgen Rösner attaquent une agence de la Deutsche Bank à Gladbeck et prennent en otage deux personnes. Échappant pendant deux jours aux tentatives d'arrestation des policiers, ils s'emparent ensuite d'un bus d'une trentaine de passagers à Brême, avec l'aide de Marion Löblich, et prennent la fuite en direction des Pays-Bas. Le, cette cavale prend fin à la suite d'une opération de police sur l'autoroute A3.


Synthesis.

The first reported synthesis of selenium tetrafluoride was by Paul Lebeau in 1907, who treated selenium with fluorine: A synthesis involving more easily handled reagents entails the fluorination of selenium dioxide with sulfur tetrafluoride: An intermediate in this reaction is seleninyl fluoride (SeOF).  Other methods of preparation include fluorinating elemental selenium with chlorine trifluoride:

Structure and bonding.

Selenium in SeF has an oxidation state of +4. Its shape in the gaseous phase is similar to that of SF, having a see-saw shape. VSEPR theory predicts a pseudo-trigonal pyramidal disposition of the five electron pairs around the selenium atom. The axial Se-F bonds are 177 pm with an F-Se-F bond angle of 169.2°. The two other fluorine atoms are attached by shorter bonds (168 pm), with an F-Se-F bond angle of 100.6°. In solution at low concentrations this monomeric structure predominates, but at higher concentrations evidence suggests weak association between SeF molecules leading to a distorted octahedral coordination around the selenium atom. In the solid the selenium center also has a distorted octahedral environment.

Reactions.

In HF, SeF behaves as a weak base, weaker than sulfur tetrafluoride, SF (K= 2 X 10):  Ionic adducts containing the SeF cation are formed with SbF, AsF, NbF, TaF, and BF. With caesium fluoride, CsF, the SeF anion is formed, which has a square pyramidal structure similar to the isoelectronic chlorine pentafluoride, ClF and bromine pentafluoride, BrF. With 1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethylpiperidinium fluoride or 1,2-dimethylpropyltrimethylammonium fluoride, the SeF anion is formed. This has a distorted octahedral shape which contrasts to the regular octahedral shape of the analogous SeCl.

Selenium tetrafluoride (SeF) is an inorganic compound. It is a colourless liquid that reacts readily with water. It can be used as a fluorinating reagent in organic syntheses (fluorination of alcohols, carboxylic acids or carbonyl compounds) and has advantages over sulfur tetrafluoride in that milder conditions can be employed and it is a liquid rather than a gas.

Le tétrafluorure de sélénium est un composé chimique de formule. Il se présente sous la forme d'un liquide incolore qui réagit fortement avec l'eau. Il peut être utilisé pour réaliser des fluorations en synthèse organique (fluoration d'alcools, d'acides carboxyliques ou de carbonyles) et présente l'avantage, par rapport au tétrafluorure de soufre, d'être liquide et non gazeux, et de pouvoir être utilisé dans des conditions plus douces.


History.

The name Cannelton was adopted in 1844, and is derived from the cannel coal that was once mined in the area. A post office has been in operation at Cannelton since 1844.  The Cannelton Cotton Mill, Cannelton Historic District, and St. Luke's Episcopal Church are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography.

Cannelton is located at (37.910134, -86.739931).  According to the 2010 census, Cannelton has a total area of, of which (or 93.55%) is land and (or 6.45%) is water.

Climate.

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Cannelton has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

Demographics.

2010 census.

As of the census of 2010, there were 1,563 people, 687 households, and 385 families living in the city. The population density was. There were 809 housing units at an average density of. The racial makeup of the city was 97.4% White, 0.1% African American, 0.6% Native American, 0.1% Asian, 0.4% from other races, and 1.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.8% of the population.  There were 687 households, of which 29.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.4% were married couples living together, 15.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 44.0% were non-families. 39.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.99.  The median age in the city was 38.5 years. 25.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.7% were from 25 to 44; 27.7% were from 45 to 64; and 14.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.8% male and 51.2% female.

2000 census.

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,209 people, 509 households, and 297 families living in the city. The population density was 816.0 people per square mile (315.4/km). There were 577 housing units at an average density of 389.4 per square mile (150.5/km). The racial makeup of the city was 98.01% White, 0.08% African American, 0.33% Native American, 0.08% Asian, 0.50% from other races, and 0.99% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.58% of the population.  There were 509 households, out of which 26.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.4% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.5% were non-families. 38.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 3.08.  In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.7% under the age of 18, 11.2% from 18 to 24, 27.3% from 25 to 44, 21.8% from 45 to 64, and 16.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.6 males.  The median income for a household in the city was $27,361, and the median income for a family was $37,188. Males had a median income of $26,940 versus $20,174 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,578. About 14.9% of families and 16.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.1% of those under age 18 and 5.9% of those age 65 or over.

Education.

Cannelton has a public library, a branch of the Perry County Public Library.

Cannelton is a city in Troy Township, Perry County, in the U.S. state of Indiana, along the Ohio River. The population was 1,563 at the 2010 census. Cannelton, which was the smallest incorporated city in the state until 2010, was formerly the county seat of Perry County until the seat was relocated to Tell City.

Cannelton est une municipalité américaine située dans le comté de Perry en Indiana. Lors du recensement de 2010, sa population est de.


Early life and education.

Winifred Brenchley was born in London on 10 August 1883 to Elizabeth Beckett and William Brenchley, a schoolmaster who was once Mayor of Camberwell. Measles in childhood left her partially deaf. She was educated at James Allen's Girls' School in Dulwich, where one of her teachers was the well-known botanist Dr Lilian Clarke.  She attended Swanley Horticultural College for two years, completing her course in 1903. At the school, the new science-based study provided an alternative to the earlier emphasis on practical apprenticeship training, thus opening up male-dominated horticultural trades to women. By 1903 the college was only taking women students, with the aim of providing suitable occupations for unmarried women. (There was also a growing demand for horticulturalists and agriculturalists in the British colonies and it was felt that women were suited to this role.) Brenchley won the Royal Horticultural Society Silver Gilt medal but gave up gardening to study botany. She received her BSc from University College London in 1905, where she studied under Francis Wall Oliver. She was awarded a Gilchrist Scholarship for postgraduate study for 1906-7 and was awarded a DSc from the University of London in 1911 for her thesis: On the strength and development of the grain of wheat ("Triticum vulgare"). She became a Fellow of University College in 1914.

Career.

The Gilchrist Scholarship took her to Rothamsted Experimental Station in Harpenden. She was the first woman to work there in the 60 years of the laboratories' existence, and it was admitted that she was appointed 'because the funds available would not have attracted a suitable man'. At Rothamsted, where she was the only woman, a tradition of afternoon tea was established as it was considered appropriate for her by the rest of the male staff. It was this afternoon tea and a later woman scientist, Muriel Bristol, that inspired the famous work of R.A. Fisher, "Lady tasting tea", on applying permutations in experiments. The quality of her work was soon apparent and after a year she became a permanent employee as head of the Botany Department, a post she held until her retirement at 65.  Early on at Rothamsted, she demonstrated her technical skills, improving the technique for growing plants in water culture and coming close to discovering the essential role of copper and zinc in plant nutrition, as detailed in her book "Inorganic Plant Poisons and Stimulents" (1914, revised 1927). Katherine Warington's discovery of boron's role as a micronutrient in 1923 and the subsequent investigations into the effects of boron is perhaps the best-known work from her laboratory. Her other chief interest was in the ecology of weeds and in "Weeds of Farmland" (1920) she produced the first comprehensive scientific study of weeds in the UK. Her work on the permanent Park Grass plots at Rothamsted resulted in another book "Manuring of Grass Land for Hay" (1924) describing how lime and fertilizers affect the botanical composition of grasslands.  Brenchley was elected a Fellow of the Linnean Society in 1910. In 1920, she became a Fellow of the Royal Entomological Society. She was closely associated with A D Imms with whom she collected in the field. Her main entomological interest was in the Lepidoptera. She was awarded the OBE in 1948, the year she retired.

Later life.

In retirement, Brenchley returned to her gardening. She was also bringing together the vast quantities of unpublished material in her research notebooks, but she suffered a severe stroke and died in Harpenden on 27 October 1953.

Winifred Elsie Brenchley OBE, DSc (Lond), FLS, FRES (1883–1953), an agricultural botanist who worked at the Rothamsted Research Station. Along with Katherine Warington, she demonstrated the role of boron as an essential micronutrient for plants. She was the first woman in the UK to break into the male-dominated sphere of agricultural science. She has been described as "perhaps Britain's leading authority on weeds in the early twentieth century".

Winifred Elsie Brenchley OBE, DSc (Lond), FLS, FRES, née à Londres le et morte le à Harpenden, dans le Hertfordshire, est une botaniste britannique. Elle est l'une des premières femmes membres de la Linnean Society of London (1910).


Naming.

The object was first described by Gómez-Gálvez "et al." in a paper entitled "Scutoids are a geometrical solution to three-dimensional packing of epithelia", and published in July 2018. Officially, the name "scutoid" was coined because of its resemblance to the shape of the scutum and scutellum in some insects, such as beetles in the subfamily Cetoniinae. Unofficially, Clara Grima has stated that while working on the project, the shape was temporarily called an "Escu"-toid as a joke after the biology group leader Luis M. Escudero. Since his last name, "Escudero", means "squire" (from Latin "scūtārius" = shield-bearer), the temporary name was modified slightly to become "scutoid".

Appearance in nature.

Epithelial cells adopt the "scutoidal shape" under certain circumstances. In epithelia, cells can 3D-pack as scutoids, facilitating tissue curvature. This is fundamental to the shaping of the organs during development.  "Scutoid is a prismatoid to which one extra mid-level vertex has been added. This extra vertex forces some of the "faces" of the resulting object to curve. This means that Scutoids are not polyhedra, because not all of their faces are planar.... For the computational biologists who created/discovered the Scutoid, the key property of the shape is that it can combine with itself and other geometric objects like frustums to create 3D packings of epithelial cells."<br> - Laura Taalman

Potential uses.

The scutoid explains how epithelial cells (the cells that line and protect organs such as the skin) efficiently pack in three dimensions. As epithelial tissue bends or grows, the cells have to take on new shapes to pack together using the least amount of energy possible, and until the scutoid's discovery, it was assumed that epithelial cells packed in mostly frustums, as well as other prism-like shapes. Now, with the knowledge of how epithelial cells pack, it opens up many new possibilities in terms of artificial organs. The scutoid may be applied to making better artificial organs, allowing for things like effective organ replacements, recognizing if a person's cells are packing correctly or not, and ways to fix that problem.

A scutoid is a geometric solid between two parallel surfaces. The boundary of each of the surfaces (and of all the other parallel surfaces between them) is a polygon, and the vertices of the two end polygons are joined by either a curve or a Y-shaped connection. Scutoids present at least one vertex between these two planes. Scutoids are not necessarily convex, and lateral faces are not necessarily planar, so several scutoids can pack together to fill all the space between the two parallel surfaces. They may be more generally described as a mix between a frustum and a prismatoid.

Un scutoïde est un solide géométrique entre deux surfaces parallèles. Les limites de chacune des surfaces (et de toutes les autres surfaces parallèles entre elles) est un polygone, et les sommets de extrémités des deux polygones sont reliés soit par une courbe soit par une connexion en forme de Y. Les scutoïdes ont au moins un sommet entre ces deux plans. Les faces des scutoïdes ne sont pas forcement convexes ce qui implique que deux scutoïdes peuvent remplir l'espace entre deux surfaces parallèles. Cette forme a d'abord été décrite dans "Nature Communications" en, et le nom "scutoïde" a été inventé en raison de sa ressemblance avec la forme du scutum et du scutellum d’insectes tels que les coléoptères de la sous-famille des Cetoniidae.


Ship's cooking area.

A galley is the cooking area aboard a vessel, usually laid out in an efficient typical style with longitudinal units and overhead cabinets. This makes the best use of the usually limited space aboard ships. It also caters for the rolling and heaving nature of ships, making them more resistant to the effects of the movement of the ship. For this reason galley stoves are often gimballed, so that the liquid in pans does not spill out. They are also commonly equipped with bars, preventing the cook from falling against the hot stove.  A small cooking area on deck was called a caboose or "camboose", originating from the, which is still in use today. In English it is a defunct term used only for a cooking area that is abovedecks.

Aviation kitchen.

The Douglas Aircraft DC-3 was the first airplane with a planned galley for food service.  Galleys on commercial airlines typically include not only facilities to serve and store food and beverages, but also contain flight attendant jumpseats, emergency equipment storage, as well as anything else flight attendants may need during the flight. Aircraft in operation today mainly use the familiar airline service trolley system.  The first airplane kitchen was invented (patented) by Werner Sell (Georg Robert Werner Sell) of Germany in 1930; the first fitted kitchens were delivered 1954, by 1955 Lufthansa had all their commercial planes fitted with a Sell galley. In 1955 Sell also began fitting train coaches with kitchens, from 1960 on with the newly developed convection oven.

Household kitchen.

The term "galley kitchen" is also used to refer to the design of household kitchen wherein the units are fitted into a continuous array with no kitchen table, allowing maximum use of a restricted space, and work with the minimum of required movement between units. Such kitchens increase storage space by working vertically, with hanging pots, dish racks, and ceiling-hung cabinets common. Strictly, the term refers to a kitchen with the units in two facing lines, but is often used to refer to U-shaped kitchens as well.  The first mass-produced galley kitchen design was known as the Frankfurt kitchen, designed by Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky, working under the direction of Ernst May in 1926 for a Frankfurt housing estate. 10,000 units were installed in Frankfurt, and it was the most successful and influential kitchen of the period.

The galley is the compartment of a ship, train, or aircraft where food is cooked and prepared. It can also refer to a land-based kitchen on a naval base, or, from a kitchen design point of view, to a straight design of the kitchen layout.

Sur un navire, la maïence ou mayence est la cuisine et/ou boulangerie de bord où sont préparés les repas, par opposition à la cambuse où sont stockés et distribués les vivres non préparés.


History.

Wheatland was laid out in 1858. It was named from the production of wheat in the vicinity.

Geography.

Wheatland is located at (38.664166, -87.307775).  According to the 2010 census, Wheatland has a total area of, all land.

Demographics.

2010 census.

As of the census of 2010, there were 480 people, 191 households, and 132 families living in the town. The population density was. There were 220 housing units at an average density of. The racial makeup of the town was 97.9% White, 0.2% African American, 0.2% Native American, and 1.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.9% of the population.  There were 191 households of which 41.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.7% were married couples living together, 12.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 7.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 30.9% were non-families. 26.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.51 and the average family size was 2.97.  The median age in the town was 36 years. 27.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.4% were from 25 to 44; 25.9% were from 45 to 64; and 12.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 49.6% male and 50.4% female.

2000 census.

As of the census of 2000, there were 504 people, 206 households, and 138 families living in the town. The population density was 1,218.2 people per square mile (474.6/km2). There were 235 housing units at an average density of 568.0 per square mile (221.3/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 98.61% White, 0.40% African American, 0.20% Native American, 0.40% from other races, and 0.40% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.60% of the population.  There were 206 households out of which 33.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.5% were married couples living together, 11.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.0% were non-families. 29.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 3.01.  In the town, the population was spread out with 27.2% under the age of 18, 8.5% from 18 to 24, 30.2% from 25 to 44, 21.6% from 45 to 64, and 12.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.2 males.  The median income for a household in the town was $27,174, and the median income for a family was $36,818. Males had a median income of $28,750 versus $21,458 for females. The per capita income for the town was $14,646. About 12.1% of families and 16.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.9% of those under age 18 and 8.1% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people.

James D. Williams, the fourteenth governor of Indiana, lived in Wheatland.  The Niblack Family

Wheatland is a town in Steen Township, Knox County, Indiana, United States. The population was 480 at the 2010 census.

Wheatland est une municipalité américaine située dans le comté de Knox en Indiana. Lors du recensement de 2010, sa population est de. La municipalité s'étend sur une superficie de.


History.

La Crosse is derived from the French meaning "the crossing", and it was so named from its location at the junction or crossing of five railroads. The La Crosse post office opened in 1921.

Geography.

La Crosse is located at (41.317924, -86.889831).  According to the 2010 census, La Crosse has a total area of, all land.

Demographics.

2010 census.

As of the census of 2010, there were 551 people, 227 households, and 157 families living in the town. The population density was. There were 243 housing units at an average density of. The racial makeup of the town was 99.5% White, 0.2% African American, and 0.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.8% of the population.  There were 227 households of which 29.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.9% were married couples living together, 9.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 30.8% were non-families. 26.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 2.91.  The median age in the town was 36.4 years. 22.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.8% were from 25 to 44; 30% were from 45 to 64; and 10.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 49.2% male and 50.8% female.

2000 census.

As of the census of 2000, there were 561 people, 221 households, and 152 families living in the town. The population density was 1,040.0 people per square mile (401.1/km2). There were 234 housing units at an average density of 433.8 per square mile (167.3/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 97.86% White, 0.18% African American, 0.36% Native American, 0.53% Asian, 0.18% Pacific Islander, and 0.89% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.50% of the population.  There were 221 households out of which 31.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.3% were married couples living together, 7.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.2% were non-families. 28.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 3.10.  In the town, the population was spread out with 26.9% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 28.9% from 25 to 44, 22.1% from 45 to 64, and 14.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.4 males.  The median income for a household in the town was $36,667, and the median income for a family was $50,278. Males had a median income of $34,583 versus $21,513 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,962. None of the families and 1.5% of the population were living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 2.4% of those over 64.

Education.

The town has a lending library, the La Crosse Public Library.

La Crosse is a town in LaPorte County, Indiana, United States. The population was 551 at the 2010 census. It is included in the Michigan City, Indiana-La Porte, Indiana Metropolitan Statistical Area.

La Crosse est une municipalité américaine située dans le comté de LaPorte en Indiana. Lors du recensement de 2010, sa population est de. La municipalité s'étend alors sur une superficie de.


Report.

Entry.

A total 45 cars were registered for this event, of which only 28 arrived for practice and qualifying. None of the leading works teams made the trip across to Northern Ireland from mainland Europe. However, from England, the two works teams of Jaguar Cars Ltd. and Aston Martin took part. The team from Coventry arrived with three cars, Jaguar C-Types for the all British pairings of Tony Rolt/Duncan Hamilton, Stirling Moss/Peter Walker and Peter Whitehead/Ian Stewart. Aston Martin also brought along three of their DB3S, with Reg Parnell pairing up alongside Eric Thompson. Roy Salvadori/Dennis Poore and Peter Collins/Pat Griffith made up the crew of the other two Astons. Also from England came three works entered Frazer Nash Le Mans Mk IIs and Kieft-Bristols.  Going into this round, Ferrari were leading the Manufacturers Championship by just two points from Jaguar. With no representation in the race, Ferrari would be unable score any points, but due to the nature of the scoring system where only the best four results out of the seven races could be retained by each manufacturer, Jaguar would need to finish at least second to score any points, with only one race remaining in the championship- the Carrera Panamericana in Mexico some 2 1/2 months away.

Race.

Although World Championship points were awarded based on scratch order, this race was run as a handicap race. The race was run over 111 laps, but no cars started from scratch: the largest cars, the Jaguars, had a handicap of 4 laps and 5 minutes, 11.21 seconds. The race would end once any car completed 111 handicap laps.  Conditions of the race were foggy. Despite this, Aston Martin would finish in first and second places, both cars on the same lap. Car number 20, driven by Collins and Griffith took an impressive victory, winning in a time of 9hrs 37:12 mins., averaging a speed of 81.715mph. Second place went to Parnell and Thompson, in their DB3S, just 3:23 minutes behind. The podium was completed by the winner of the two previous Tourist Trophy races held at Dundrod, Moss, aided by his co-driver, Walker, in their Jaguar C-Type.

Scratch Classification.

"Class Winners are in Bold text."

The 1953 RAC Tourist Trophy was a motor race for sports cars, held on 5 September 1953 at the Dundrod Circuit in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It was the sixth round of the 1953 World Sportscar Championship, held just six days after the previous round, the 1000km of Nürburgring. The race was the 20th running of the RAC Tourist Trophy.

Le RAC Tourist Trophy 1953, disputées le sur le circuit de Dundrod, est la sixième manche du Championnat du monde des voitures de sport 1953.


Background.

The Blunts purchased Mesaoud in protracted negotiations with the aging Ali Pasha Sherif during 1888–1889. They finally completed the purchase of him as a two-year-old, along with the stallion Merzuk and the mare Khatila. In the two-year period before being shipped to England, he ran in the Cairo Eclipse Stakes at Ghezireh, which covered a distance of over a mile and a half. Victim of a bad start, he finished seventh out of ten horses.  In England, Mesaoud was used both as a riding horse and as a sire, with over 100 known purebred Arabian offspring recorded. He was also shown in 1896, 1897, and 1898 at the Crystal Palace Horse Show, taking first place each time. He was exhibited at the World Exhibition in Paris in 1900, alongside Arabians from around Europe.

Legacy.

Over time, his bloodline became a part of nearly every breedable mare at Crabbet, and thus he could not be used at the stud without the risk of inbreeding. Therefore, Mesaoud was eventually sold to Wladislas Kliniewski for 240 guineas in July 1903, and shortly thereafter was exported to Russia by Count Sergei Aleksandrovich Stroganov, where he lived for the remainder of his life at the site of the present day Tersk Stud. Mesaoud's exact fate is unknown, but it is believed that none of the Stroganov horses survived the Russian Revolution.  One of his most famous sons was Astraled, who sired a number of foals in England before being imported to the United States by Lothrop Ames of Massachusetts in 1909. Astraled was used in Oregon as a Remount sire for crossbred working horses. Astraled then went to live with W.R. Brown in 1923, where he sired his last foal crop, which included his best-known son, Gulastra.  One of Mesaoud's descendants, the mare Rissalma, was imported by the Tersk Stud of the former Soviet Union in 1936 and produced the famous Russian-bred stallion Priboj. His grandson, the Astraled son Sotamm, was sold to Egypt, thus returning the Mesaoud bloodline to its nation of origin. Sotamm's great-grandson Nazeer is one of the most famous horses in the "Egyptian" line of pedigrees. Nazeer's son Aswan was exported from Egypt to Tersk in 1963, thus reintroducing the bloodlines of Mesaoud to Russia from yet another source.  Mesaoud's descendants are found worldwide and he appears in the pedigree of over 90% of all Arabian horses in the world today.

Mesaoud, an Arabian stallion, foaled 1887, was one of the foundation sires of the Crabbet Arabian Stud in England. Bred in Egypt by Ali Pasha Sherif, he was imported to England by Wilfred and Lady Anne Blunt in 1891. He is recognized as an Al Khamsa Arabian, with verifiable lineage tracing to the Bedouin of the desert.

Mesaoud est un étalon arabe de type Al Khamsa né en 1887. Il était l'un des étalons fondateurs du haras Crabbet Arabian Stud en Angleterre. Élevé en Égypte par Ali Pasha Sherif, il est ensuite importé en Angleterre par Wilfrid Scawen Blunt et Anne Blunt, en 1891. Mesaoud avait une robe alezan avec des marques blanches brillantes.


Biography.

Grennan was born in Bedford. His father is a builder, and his mother was a teacher. He is of Irish/English origin and a big fan of football and particularly Manchester United. He played football at a young age for the Bedford Park Rangers. He attended St Thomas More Catholic School. His younger brother is an aspiring boxer.  At the age of 18, Grennan was mugged by a group of strangers on the street and was left with four metal plates and screws in his jaw that "still hurt when winter comes". He trained to become a professional footballer. He played for Luton Town for a while, tried for Northampton Town and Aston Villa. But he was later released. He worked briefly at Costa Coffee. He told "Music Week": "I was close to playing over in the States but something was telling me not to and obviously it was the music".  His musical beginnings are obscure, but he says he was at a house party where he sang "Seaside" from The Kooks. He didn't remember it, but his friends were impressed and pushed him into performing more. He studied acting at St. Mary's University in Twickenham. Also at age 18, he started doing gigs around London with his acoustic guitar, mainly in small pub appearances for almost three years. After a performance at Finsbury pub, a representative of Insanity Records heard him play and offered a contract. His debut EP, "Something in the Water" was produced by Charlie Hugall. He had his big break when he was featured in the Chase & Status 2016 single "All Goes Wrong" that was picked as "Hottest Record" on Annie Mac's Radio 1 Show. After that he was invited for an appearance on BBC Radio 1's "Live Lounge", and a follow up appearance on BBC Two's show "Later... with Jools Holland". The song charted in the UK Singles Chart peaking at number 65. It also charted in Scotland and some European charts.  In 2017, he was shortlisted for MTV Brand New Award singing at MTV Showcase at London's Electric Ballroom on 2 February 2017). Also in 2017, he had a cameo appearance in Charli XCX's music video for her song "Boys" alongside many well-known artists and duetted with grime MC Bugzy Malone on "Memory Lane". He performed in Trafalgar Square during the "F1 Live in London" show in support of Formula One drivers. He started an all UK tour in March 2018 in support of his upcoming album "Lighting Matches" due for release in July 2018. His song "Found What I've Been Looking For" appears on the FIFA 18 soundtrack and is also used by Sky Sports as the theme song for "Super Sunday".

Discography.

Other releases.

Notes

Tom Bevin Grennan (born 8 June 1995) is a British musician who was born in Bedford, now based in London. Grennan found fame as the guest vocalist on Chase & Status's All Goes Wrong. Being the Hottest Record on Annie Mac’s BBC Radio 1 show, the track gave Grennan the chance to cut his teeth in the BBC Radio 1 Live Lounge and on BBC Two's Later... with Jools Holland.

Tom Grennan (né le à Bedford au Royaume-Uni) est un auteur-compositeur-interprète britannique. En 2018, il sort son premier album "Lighting Matches" sur le label l'Insanity/Columbia de la major Sony.


Careers.

Born studied architecture at the University of California, Berkeley, graduating from the school of Architecture in 1922. After graduation he traveled to Europe on a Guggenheim Fellowship, then returned to UC Berkeley earning a master's degree in 1923, with a thesis on the relation of painting to architecture. He worked for prominent San Francisco architects such as John W. Reid, Jr., John Galen Howard, and George Kelham between 1923 and 1928.  The couple relocated to New York’s Greenwich Village in 1929. Esther took a job with Wallace K. Harrison, the architect overseeing the creation of Rockefeller Center. Ernest spent time as a draftsman at Shreve, Lamb and Harmon, the firm best known for the Empire State Building. In 1931 he opened his own architectural practice, working on a wide variety of projects ranging from designing commercial spaces and exhibitions to architectural advertising. He served on the editorial staff of Architectural Record from 1933–34 and Architectural Forum from 1935-36.  He received his license to practice architecture in New York in 1931, and in California in 1937. He was later a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (FAIA).  They returned to San Francisco in 1937 and went into business together, working residential, commercial and industrial projects, exhibitions, and photography. The Borns exhibited and promoted the then new Second Bay Tradition (1928−1942), and were part of the Third Bay Tradition (1945−1980s) of Modernist architecture and design.  His mural paintings for the Golden Gate International Exposition established his reputation as an artist. His drawings for a proposed United Nations Center, with William Wurster and Theodore Bernardi, were exhibited in San Francisco and New York museums. During the war years, Born worked with architect Gardner Dailey on special military projects in Brazil and in the U.S.  In 1949 they designed the 'Ernest and Esther Born House' for themselves, a Modernist residence located at 2020 Great Highway in the far west of the Sunset District. The house has since been modified with the addition of a tower.  In 1951, in collaboration with architect Henry H. Gutterson, Born designed North Beach Place, a public housing project at the cable car turntable on Taylor Street. It was demolished in 2001. The Borns’ 1958 vision for "Embarcadero City" for the San Francisco Port Authority, a master plan for the waterfront from the Ferry Building to Aquatic Park that would have replaced most existing structures with new buildings and piers with landfill, was never built.  In the 1970s Born designed signage for the Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) system. Born collaborated in the design of the Balboa Park Station and Glen Park Station, with Corlett & Spackman. The Glen Park Station was Born's last architectural design project.  The Borns closed their design studio in 1973, later moved to San Diego where they lived in their retirement.  Born was an accomplished artist, type designer, and illustrator as well, and focused on these in his later years. He spent a decade collaborating with author Walter Horn to produce the 1979 "Plan of St. Gall". Its illustrations are by Born.  Ernest Born died in 1992, at the age of 94.

Ernest Born (1898−1992) was an architect, designer, and artist based in California. He and his wife Esther Baum Born (1902−1987) collaborated on diverse projects in the San Francisco Bay Area from 1936 on. She was also a notable architectural photographer.

Ernest Alexander Born, né à San Francisco le et mort à San Diego (Californie) le, est un architecte, designer et lithographe américain.


Royal Navy.

Batch 1.

"Tyne", "Severn" and "Mersey".

In early 2001, the Ministry of Defence placed an order with Vosper Thornycroft (VT) for three River-class offshore patrol vessels to replace the Island class. It was understood that the higher availability rates of the River class (up to 300 days per year), would enable the three new ships to perform the duties of the five ships they replaced. The Royal Navy initially chartered (or leased) the ships under a five-year, £60 million contract from the builder VT. As part of the contract, VT would be responsible for all maintenance and support during the charter period. This contract was renewed in January 2007 for another five years at £52 million. However, in September 2012, instead of renewing the contract again, it was announced by the then Defence Secretary Philip Hammond that the Ministry of Defence had purchased the vessels for £39 million.  The River class are significantly larger than the Island-class vessels and have a large open deck aft allowing them to be fitted with equipment for a specific role, which can include fire-fighting, disaster relief and anti-pollution work. For this purpose, a 25 tonne capacity crane is fitted. In addition, the deck is strong enough for the transport of various tracked and wheeled light vehicles, or an LCVP. The class are primarily used with the Fishery Protection Squadron and EEZ patrol.  In 2009, the running costs for the River class were estimated at £20 million: ""The average running cost... of [the] River class is £20 million... These figures, based on the expenditure incurred by the Ministry of Defence in 2009–10, include maintenance, safety certification, military upgrades, manpower, inventory, satellite communication, fuel costs and depreciation.""

"Clyde".

In February 2005, the Ministry of Defence placed an order with VT for the charter of a fourth modified River-class offshore patrol vessel. This fourth ship, "Clyde", was constructed at Portsmouth Dockyard and replaced the two s for duties around the South Atlantic and the Falkland Islands. To fulfill this role, "Clyde" incorporates several modifications, including an extended length hull, a top speed of, a 30 mm cannon, two miniguns and mountings for five general purpose machine guns. "Clyde"s elongated hull permits a 20-metre strengthened flight deck able to accommodate a Merlin-sized helicopter. The ship has a full load displacement between 1,850 and 2,000 tonnes. Clyde decommissioned on 20 December 2019.  "Clyde" is capable of temporarily embarking up to 110 troops and their equipment and inserting them anywhere on the Falkland Islands. "Clyde" has a complement of 36.

Future.

On 24 April 2017, in a written answer to a question raised by Sir Nicholas Soames, Parliamentary Under-Secretary for Defence Harriet Baldwin stated "Severn" would be decommissioned in 2017, with "Mersey" and "Clyde" following in 2019.  "Severn" was decommissioned in a ceremony at Portsmouth on 27 October 2017, with "Tyne" due to follow in May 2018, however, the latter underwent reactivation due to defects with "Forth".  In March 2018, Baldwin's successor as Parliamentary Under-Secretary for Defence, Guto Bebb, revealed that £12.7M had been allocated from the EU Exit Preparedness Fund to maintain the three Batch 1 ships, should they be needed to control and enforce UK waters and fisheries following the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union.  On 22 November 2018, Defence Secretary, Gavin Williamson, formally announced that the first three Batch 1 River Class ships would be retained in service. "Clyde", unlike the other three, is not owned directly by the Royal Navy but is instead on lease. It is planned that the Brazilian Navy will take over the lease of "Clyde".

Batch 2.

"Forth", "Medway", "Trent".

On 6 November 2013 it was announced that the British Government had signed an Agreement in Principle to build three new offshore patrol vessels, based on the River-class design, at a fixed price of £348 million including spares and support for the Royal Navy. In August 2014, BAE Systems signed the contract to build the ships at their BAE Systems Maritime – Naval Ships shipyards in Glasgow on the River Clyde. The Ministry of Defence stated that the Batch 2 ships are capable of being used for constabulary duties such as "counter-terrorism, counter-piracy and anti-smuggling operations". According to BAE Systems, the vessels are designed to deploy globally, conducting anti-piracy, counter-terrorism and anti-smuggling tasks currently conducted by frigates and destroyers. Steel was cut on 10 October 2014 and they are expected to enter service starting 2017, with the last being delivered by the end of 2018. The ships are built at the BAE Systems Govan shipyard, then transferred to the BAE Systems Scotstoun shipyard for fitting out.  The Batch 2 ships are fundamentally different in appearance and capabilities from the preceding Batch 1. Notable differences include the long hull, a top speed of, Merlin-capable flight deck, a displacement of around 2,000 tonnes and greatly expanded capacity for accommodating troops. The Batch 2 ships also have a different (full width) superstructure, and a fundamentally different above-water hullform shape (greater bow flare, different & less-pronounced forward knuckle line compared to the Batch 1 ships, lack of the distinctive fwd & aft bulwarks of the Batch 1 vessels). The class is also fitted with the Kelvin Hughes SharpEye integrated radar system for navigation, the Terma Scanter 4100 2D radar for air and surface surveillance, and a BAE CMS-1 Combat Management System..  Batch 2 are also the first Royal Navy ships fitted with the BAE Systems Shared Infrastructure operating system. BAE describes Shared Infrastructure as ""a state-of-the-art system that will revolutionise the way ships operate by using virtual technologies to host and integrate the sensors, weapons and management systems that complex warships require. Replacing multiple large consoles dedicated to specific tasks with a single hardware solution reduces a number of spares required to be carried onboard and will significantly decrease through-life costs.""  The class has been criticised in Parliamentary evidence for: lacking a helicopter hangar (even a telescopic hangar), something that will limit utility of the helicopter deck by preventing embarkation of a helicopter for anything other than very short periods; lacking a medium calibre gun (such as 76 mm); and poor value for money. It is argued that because of the lacking features (which could have been incorporated for the price) the vessels will not be as capable in the ocean-going patrol capacity as claimed. Indeed a critique of the class is that the reasoning behind their commissioning was simply to ensure that public money continued to support BAE dockyards and jobs prior to the ordering of the Type 26 warship.  The Batch 2 ships for the Royal Navy include some 29 modifications and enhancements over the built by BAE Systems for the Brazilian Navy. The Royal Navy ships are built to more stringent naval standards, with features such as magazine protection, improved hull integrity and fire safety modifications, as well as greater redundancy.  The first, HMS "Forth", was christened at a ceremony at the BAE Systems Scotstoun shipyard in Glasgow on 9 March 2017. "Forth" replaced HMS "Clyde" as Falkland Islands guardship in December 2019.  HMS "Medway" was commissioned in September 2019 and in January 2020 deployed as the long-term Atlantic Patrol Task (North) guardship in the Caribbean. As of April 2020 HMS "Trent" is at Portsmouth completing her preparations for commissioning and deployment.

"Tamar" and "Spey".

The Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015 announced a further purchase of two more Batch 2 ships at an undisclosed date in the future, and a total fleet of 'up to six' offshore patrol vessels. Expectation at the time was that this would encompass the three Batch 2 ships announced in 2013, the two additional Batch 2 ships announced in the 2015 defence review, and the modified Batch 1 ship, "Clyde". The three Batch 1 ships without flight decks would be withdrawn in favour of the newer ships. The defence review also suggested that the ships could be used to increase the Royal Navy's ability to defend UK interests at home and abroad.  During a Defence Select Committee in July 2016, the First Sea Lord Admiral Sir Philip Andrew Jones indicated that the option for a fleet of 'up to six' offshore patrol vessels had been reduced to five, with "Clyde" being replaced by HMS Forth, one of the new Batch 2 ships. The First Sea Lord also elaborated on the potential uses for the Batch 2 ships overseas, including the possibility of forward basing an extra ship at the Falklands Islands, or forward basing it elsewhere. A £287m order, for two new ships and support for all five Batch 2 ships, was announced on 8 December 2016. HM Ships "Tamar" and "Spey" will join the fleet in 2021.  On 21 April 2017, with construction of HMS "Tamar" already under way, the first steel was cut for HMS "Spey". Like their predecessors, the ships are constructed at the BAE Systems Govan shipyard, then transferred to the Scotstoun shipyard for fitting out.  "Tamar" arrived at her home port of Portsmouth for the first time on 2 April 2020, joining her sister ship HMS "Trent". She was formally commissioned on 4 June 2020.

Foreign orders.

Brazilian Navy.

Three vessels of the based on the River class were built by BAE in the United Kingdom. They were originally intended to be exported for use by the Trinidad and Tobago Defence Force; however, the Government of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago cancelled the order in September 2010. In December 2011 it was reported that the Brazilian Navy were interested in buying the vessels, and possibly up to five additional vessels of the same design. The sale, for £133 million (compared to an original £150m), was then confirmed on 2 January 2012.

Royal Thai Navy.

was the first modified River-class vessel built for the Royal Thai Navy. The ship was built in Thailand but with design, technology transfer and support provided by BAE Systems. In January 2016 it was announced that a contract had been signed to provide the Royal Thai Navy with a second ship based on the River-class OPV to be built under license at Bangkok Dock Company. This second Thai-built ship, HTMS Prachuap Khiri Khan was launched in August 2019 fitted with 4x RGM-84 Harpoon anti-ship missiles not present on the Krabi. The new vessel was commissioned less than two months later.

The River class is a class of offshore patrol vessels built primarily for the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom. A total of nine were built for the Royal Navy (RN); four Batch 1 and five of the significantly different Batch 2. One modified Batch 1 (HMS Clyde) has been decommissioned leaving eight vessels planned for RN service from 2021. The Batch 1 ships of the class replaced the seven ships of the and the two patrol vessels. was the first of two ships adapting the River design for the Royal Thai Navy and built in Thailand. The three ships of the in service with the Brazilian Navy are also a variation of the River design.

La classe River est une classe de navires de patrouille hauturier construit principalement pour la Royale Navy. Une série de neuf unités est prévues pour la Royal Navy; dont quatre pour un Lot 1 qui replaceront les sept unités de la classe Island et les deux unités de la classe Castle. Le Krabi est une variante dérivée de la classe River construite en Thaïlande pour la Marine Royale Thaïlandaise. Les trois unités de la classe "Amazonas"-catégorie corvette en service dans la Marine Brésilienne sont également une variante dérivée de la classe River.


Major kinds of soybean meal.

Three main kinds of soybean meal are produced:

Use in animal feed.

Globally, about 98 percent of soybean meal is used as animal feed. Of the US soybean production magnitude from 2010 through 2012, about 44 percent was exported as soybeans, and 53 percent was crushed in the US. Of the crushed tonnage, 19 percent was recovered as soybean oil and the remainder was recovered as soybean meal. Of the total US soybean tonnage produced, about 35 percent was fed to US livestock and poultry as soybean meal. Most of the remaining soybean meal produced in the US was exported. It has been estimated that, of soy meal fed to animals in the US, 48 percent is fed to poultry, 26 percent to swine, 12 percent to beef cattle, 9 percent to dairy cattle, 3 percent is used in fish feed and about 2 percent in pet food. Although this implies that the tonnage of soybean meal fed to other species is relatively minor, such use is not unimportant. For example, for rapidly growing lambs on low-protein feeds, soybean meal can be an important supplement to ensure adequate protein intake, and partly because of its palatability, soybean meal is often recommended for use in starter rations when creep feeding lambs.

Uses as human food.

Globally, about 2 percent of soybean meal is used for soy flour and other products for human consumption. Soy flour “provides the basis for some soy milks and vegetable protein”, and is marketed as full-fat, low-fat, defatted and lecithinated types.

Phytoestrogens.

Most studies of phytoestrogens in soy have identified the isoflavones genistein and daidzein as its principal phytoestrogenic substances. For several soy flour samples analyzed by various persons using high-performance liquid chromatography, daidzein content ranged from 226 to 2100 micrograms per gram, and genistein content ranged from 478 to 1123 micrograms per gram. For four analyses of defatted soy meal, the concentrations were 616 and 753 micrograms per gram, respectively; for one analysis of soybean meal (whole), concentrations were 706 and 1000 micrograms per gram, respectively. Although reproductive physiology of sheep is particularly sensitive to phytoestrogens, soybean meal supplementation of ewe lambs or ewes on pasture in some studies has been found to have no detrimental effect on reproductive performance.

Soybean meal is used in food and animal feeds, principally as a protein supplement, but also as a source of metabolizable energy. Typically 1 bushel (i.e. 60 lbs. or 27.2 kg) of soybeans yields 48 lbs. (21.8 kg) of soybean meal. Some, but not all, soybean meal is produced from the residue left after oil extraction. Removal of the oil, which is used mostly in food, but also for industrial oils, soaps and biodiesel, involves crushing and either pressing or solvent extraction. Some, but not all, soybean meal contains ground soybean hulls. Soybean meal is heat-treated during production, to denature the trypsin inhibitors of soybeans, which would otherwise interfere with protein digestion.

Le tourteau de soja est un produit dérivé du soja utilisé en alimentation animale, et marginalement en alimentation humaine, principalement comme supplément protéique, mais aussi comme source d'énergie métabolisable. En moyenne, 1 kg de soja donne 0,8 kg de tourteau de soja.


Story.

Though released after "", and playable as stand-alone game, in-story it serves as a prequel. The game takes place around the city of Nadoret. Nadoret lies south of the city of Ferdok, the main hub of the first installment. From Nadoret the player travels the Great River to reveal a series of pirate attacks. Over the course of the game he teams up with Ardo of Boarstock, the thief Cuano and the dwarf Forgrimm, who also appeared in "Drakensang: The Dark Eye".

Gameplay.

Just like the original Drakensang, it has a traditional RPG party-based style, with a'real-time with pause' round-based playmode as seen in games like Baldur's Gate or Neverwinter Nights. Using a largely faithful version of the pen and paper rules, statistics, skills and talents are leveled up through universal experience points which can be applied to anything from skills which increase the amount of information found on the minimap to skills useful for combat or negotiation. The River of Time also addressed minor criticisms of the first game, such as the player's inability to return to most areas once completed.  It was released in Germany in February 2010, followed by an expansion pack called "Phileasson's Secret" in August 2010. It was released in English in January 2011, Phileasson's Secret in May 2011.

Reception.

Drakensang: The River of Time was received positively in the German press and generally praised as an improvement over the first title. It won the "Best RPG 2010" at the German Developer Awards in Essen, Germany.  However, this second game of the franchise did not fare well financially, and subsequently Radon Labs were declared bankrupt and acquired by Bigpoint Games. The Drakensang brand was then turned into an online browser game franchise, that no longer connects to The Dark Eye franchise.

Drakensang: The River of Time is a role-playing video game developed by Radon Labs. Drakensang TROT is the second video game in The Dark Eye-universe since Attic's Northlands Trilogy from the 1990s ("", "" and "").

le en Allemagne et le en France. Il s'agit d'une préquelle de "", adaptation du jeu de rôle "L'Œil noir" en jeu vidéo sorti en 2008.


Early life.

Walters was born near Canute, Oklahoma, and graduated as valedictorian from Canute High School in 1969. He earned a bachelor's degree in industrial engineering from the University of Oklahoma in 1973 and a master's degree in business administration from Harvard University in 1977.  He worked as the project manager for Governor David Boren and as the assistant and associate provost of the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center. At the age of 29, he was the youngest executive officer in the university’s history. In 1982, he joined The Burks Group, a commercial real estate company. He was appointed co-chairman of the governor's 100-member Reform Commission in 1984 and became the president of American Fidelity Property Company in 1985.

Governor of Oklahoma.

In 1986, Walters was the Democratic nominee for governor of Oklahoma, but was defeated by Republican Henry L. Bellmon, who returned to the governorship after completing his first term 20 years earlier.  On November 6, 1990 Walters was elected governor, carrying 75 of the state’s 77 counties. During his term education funding increased by approximately 30 percent and a $350 million bond issue for higher education brought construction and renovation to every state college campus.  Walters planned on making the Blue Room, a large ceremonial hall in the State Capitol, into his office.  While in office he was accused of election violations in that he conspired to hide $18,000 dollars in campaign donations by attributing them to someone else. At the end of procedures, Governor Walters asked prosecutors what they wanted to end the rather lengthy process. An agreement was reached that the governor would plead guilty to a misdemeanor offense and pay a fine, in return for which his record would be expunged in twelve months. Though Walters claimed his innocence of the charges, he said it was in the best interest of the state and his family to accept the plea agreement. Twelve months later the charge was expunged from his record. He did not run for re-election in 1994.

Senate campaign.

In 2002, Walters was the Democratic nominee for the United States Senate, but was defeated by incumbent Jim Inhofe.

David Lee Walters (born November 20, 1951) is an American politician who was the 24th governor of Oklahoma from 1991 to 1995.

David Lee Walters, né le à Canute, est un homme politique américain. Membre du Parti démocrate, il est le gouverneur de l'État de l'Oklahoma de 1991 à 1995.


History.

In 1854, in Issoudun (France), during the ninth of the Immaculate Conception, Father Jules Chevalier promises that if his dream of forming a missionary congregation in honor of the Sacred Heart of Jesus becomes a reality, he will teach the faithful to love Mary of a special way.  During various ninths made to the Virgin Mary, Chevalier obtained several economic donations that allow him to build the Basilica of Our Lady of the Sacred Heart in Issoudun (France) and in 1857 hi consolidated him Brotherhood and gave Mary the new name:

Iconography.

Julio Chevalier created in 1861 a stained-glass window where Mary and Jesus of feet appear, the boy touches his heart with the left hand and with his right he points to his mother in high, sending the message that through Mary the faithful can reach the heart of Jesus. In 1868 the Pope Pius IX blesses a pair of crowns which are placed in the stained-glass window of Our Lady of the Sacred Heart and the Congregation becomes an Archconfraternity.  At the end of the 19th century, this devotion spreads throughout America and Europe, so the Vatican decides to make changes in the image, and begins the representation of the Sacred Heart of Jesus while still a child and in the arms of his mother, while Mary shows the heart of his son.

Prayer.

Remember, Our Lady of the Sacred Heart, what ineffable power thy divine Son hath given thee over His own adorable Heart. Full of trust in thy merits, we come before thee and beg thy protection. O heavenly Treasurer of the Heart of Jesus, that Heart which is the inexhaustible source of all graces, which thou mayest open to us at thy good pleasure, in order that from it may flow forth upon mankind the riches of love and mercy, light and salvation, that are contained therein; grant unto us, we beseech thee, the favors which we seek.... We can never, never be refused by thee, and since thou art our Mother, O our Lady of the Sacred Heart, graciously hear our prayers and grant our request. Amen.

Our Lady of the Sacred Heart ( ) is a Roman Catholic title of the Blessed Virgin Mary by Father Jules Chevalier in 1857. Mary is showing the Child Jesus ́s heart while Jesus points to his mother.

Notre-Dame du Sacré-Cœur est un vocable de la Vierge Marie. La fête de cette dévotion est célébrée le dernier samedi du mois de mai.


Plot.

In Montana, a man stumbles out of a saloon after being shot in the back. A lawman, Edward Johnson (Peter Fonda), enters and directs his partner Lefty Brown (Bill Pullman) to go around back. The killer jumps from a window, surprising Lefty, who fails to apprehend him. Ed comes out and subdues the man, admonishing Lefty for his mistake. Ed and Lefty immediately ride off and hang the man despite Lefty protesting the illegality of it; it is Ed's chosen method of law.  Back at his ranch, Ed and his wife Laura (Kathy Baker) prepare to move to Washington; Ed has been elected Senator. She has reservations about Ed's decision to leave Lefty in charge, but Ed is sure of his loyalty. The next day, a ranch hand informs Ed and Lefty that three horses have been rustled and they ride off to check. When Ed and Lefty come to the spot, Ed is trying to bequeath his rifle to Lefty when he is suddenly shot in the head by an unknown sniper. Lefty survives and rides back to the ranch with Ed's body. Laura is distraught and blames Lefty for not protecting her husband and pays no mind when Lefty says he will avenge Ed. Lefty buries the rifle and rides off to begin his search.  Later, the governor James (who goes by Jimmy) Bierce (Jim Caviezel) and marshal Tom Harrah (Tommy Flanagan) arrive to console Laura. They, Ed and Lefty used to ride together. Hearing that Lefty has gone off to find the man, Tom decides to find him to prevent him getting himself into trouble. On the trail, Lefty is set upon by a gunman who turns out to be a young man named Jeremiah Perkins. The boy asks to accompany Lefty, who initially refuses, but takes him along when he considers the boy's situation.  Tom finds Lefty and Jeremiah. Lefty is excited for him to join the posse, but he refuses, claiming he is only there to bring Lefty in. Disappointed that Tom won't help their friend Ed, they tie him up. After hearing his name and claiming he is a western hero from a novel he has, Jeremiah inspires Tom to join their quest. At a juncture, Tom and Jeremiah leave Lefty to chase a lead in which Tom has no faith, which leads Lefty directly to the killer's gang's hideout. The three regroup: Jeremiah will tend the horses, Lefty will go in back and Tom in front. Just as Tom is about to spring the trap, a man rides up who Tom recognizes as an employee of the governor's. A shootout ensues in which Jeremiah (who sneaked back) and the governor's man are shot; Tom kills several of the gang and Lefty apprehends the killer. 2 of the gang escape.  While Lefty tends to Jeremiah's wound, Tom interrogates the killer, named Frank Baines (Joe Anderson). They antagonize one another, with Tom noting that an employee of the governor's was sent to pay Frank, who killed Ed. Tom burns the money and gets drunk, leaving abruptly. Lefty and the injured Jeremiah are left to bring Frank in. Shortly after leaving, however, the escaped gang set upon them. Tom goes to see Jimmy and asks if he hired Frank to kill Ed. Though Jimmy denies it, he alludes to there being a difference of opinion between he and Ed, leaving Tom unconvinced.  Finding out the money is gone, the gang handcuff and strip Frank, Lefty and Jeremiah and search for the money. In the confusion, Frank is able to kill both men but his pistol misfires as he tries to kill Lefty. Jeremiah gets a rifle from a dead man and kills Frank. Realizing the bad shape Jeremiah is in, Lefty rides back to the ranch, where the ranch hands attempt to lynch him. Laura intervenes but they tie him up; she reads him a telegraph from Jimmy claiming Lefty killed Ed. Realizing no one believes him, Lefty escapes and digs up Ed's rifle he buried. He nurses Jeremiah back to health and they go to town to confront Jimmy.  In town, Jimmy is hosting a memorial for Ed. Laura asks Jimmy not to appoint the senatorial runner-up to Ed's position, but Jimmy again alludes to a railroad deal Ed did not support. Jeremiah enters the building to spy and Lefty goes to the saloon to enlist Tom's help. Though Tom initially refuses to help, after knocking Lefty out, he interrupts Jimmy's eulogy and accuses him of killing Ed. Soldiers apprehend him, but Lefty comes to and starts shooting. Jimmy takes Laura inside and Lefty and Tom shoot their way through town; Tom is mortally wounded. In the hotel, Lefty confronts Jimmy, who reveals everything: Ed opposed a contract Jimmy proposed between Congress and the railroad, so Jimmy had a rustler kill him so he could appoint a senator who would support his deal to Ed's seat. Laura hears everything and Lefty knocks him out. Lefty says he'll take him to the judge, but Laura insists on dealing with this "Ed's way" - with an immediate hanging.  Not wanting Laura to be hung herself for murdering the governor (since they lynch him without trial), Lefty hangs Jimmy himself. Knowing he will be apprehended, Lefty tells Jeremiah to stay and be raised by Laura and he rides off himself, concluding the Ballad of Lefty Brown.

Themes.

The major themes throughout the movie are friendship, reciprocity and western dime novel culture.  The four main characters, Jimmy, Ed, Lefty and Tom used to ride together. Their exploits are frequently discussed and even chronicled in western dime novels read by Jeremiah. Lefty is upset when Tom refuses to help find Ed's killer, citing their long-standing friendship. Contrarily, Lefty and Tom feel particularly betrayed by Jimmy, whom they perceived to be their friend. Ed chooses Lefty to run the ranch in his absence because of their close friendship, a point of contention with his wife, Laura. This is consistent with common western movie themes of trust, the value of a man's word and doing "what's right."  Lefty, the most loyal of the characters, frequently discusses reciprocity. He always challenges others to consider what Ed would do, insisting he would do the same for them. Since Laura intervenes when the ranch hands try to lynch him, at the end of the movie he reciprocates by lynching the governor on her behalf, so that she will not be held responsible. His mission throughout the film is to avenge Ed, that is, to reciprocate his kindness for employing and housing him for his entire adult life.  Finally, and perhaps most pervasively, this movie tells a fascinating tale meant to cast a modern light on the western dime novel. The title, of course, alludes to a story of that age. Jeremiah brings this theme to light the most. He reads western dime novels throughout the film, and when he hears the proper names of Ed, Tom and Jimmy he realizes their posse is famously chronicled in them. He asks to hear stories from the trail about their group and is disappointed to hear that one of the stories he read isn't true (it claims the gang rode to find Ed's wife who had been captured by Indians; in reality, Tom's wife was captured and never found). In another instance, he asks to hear a story from Lefty and Lefty tries to tell a story about Ed. When Jeremiah asks about Lefty, Lefty claims he doesn't have any interesting stories, but tells a fascinating western tale that paints him as the true hero, which he hardly believes he could be. Lefty also jokingly refers to Jeremiah as "Wild Bill," alluding to another larger-than-life western icon.  While Lefty is clearly the protagonist and proves to accomplish his mission, he does not fit the typical western dime novel hero archetype of a strong, confident man who prevails through bravery and righteousness. He lacks self-confidence (and certainly the confidence of even his close friends), skill and tact, but fits more of the typical "underdog" role not usually seen in the western setting. This juxtaposition of a western antihero in a typical western story setting is one of the more satisfying aspects of the film.

Production.

The project was initiated in September 2016, at which time the casting of Bill Pullman, Jim Caviezel, Peter Fonda, Kathy Baker and Tommy Flanagan was announced. Writer and director Jared Moshe and producer Neda Armian considered other locations where they could film the movie. After scouting many different states in the West, they chose Montana to film the movie, because of the authenticity that would bring to the project. More than a hundred locals were used as extras.  Principal photography began on September 8, 2016 - filming took place at Bannack State Park in Bannack, Montana, 25 miles southwest of Dillon. Other locations included Dillon, Montana, Virginia City, Montana and Ennis, Montana. Filming lasted for 20 days.

Release.

The film had its world premiere at South by Southwest on March 11, 2017. Shortly after, A24 and DirecTV Cinema acquired distribution rights to the film. The film had a subsequent wide release on December 15, 2017. Sold-out screenings of the film, near its shoot location in Whitehall, Montana, raised over $10,000 toward historical preservation efforts by the Jefferson Valley Museum.  The Blu-Ray/DVD from Lionsgate features bonus content: “Designing the Look of ‘The Ballad of Lefty Brown" with Director Jared Moshe and Production Designer Eve McCarney discussing the creative process, color palettes and set choices for the film. “Bringing the Truth to Myth: Inside of the Characters of ‘The Ballad of Lefty Brown,’” interviews with Director Jared Moshe, and Actors Bill Pullman, Kathy Baker, Tommy Flanagan, Jim Caviezel. Also featured, audio commentary with Director Jared Moshe and Actor Bill Pullman.

Critical reception.

On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 78% based on 23 reviews, and an average rating of 6.2/10. On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 64 out of 100, based on 12 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews". The film contains a serious factual mistake which undercuts its entire premise. The Governor had the "newly elected" Senator murdered so that he could replace him with the Senator's replacement—who came in second in the election for the Senate. However, in 1889 Montana (and elsewhere throughout the United States), Senators were elected to the Senate by vote of the state Legislature; a deceased Senator's replacement would have been elected by the Legislature as well, not appointed by the Governor. The 17th Amendment did not become effective until 1913. The same error was made in the 1975 film, Posse.

The Ballad of Lefty Brown is a 2017 American western written and directed by Jared Moshe, starring Bill Pullman as Lefty Brown, and featuring: Kathy Baker, Jim Caviezel, Peter Fonda, Tommy Flanagan, and Michael Spears.

La Balade de Lefty Brown ("The Ballad of Lefty Brown") est un western américain écrit et réalisé par Jared Moshé, sorti en 2017.


History.

In July 1971, the creation of the Regional School Board of Gaspesia amalgamated many of the small municipalities in the Gaspe Coast. In 1992, the Gaspesia-The Islands School Board was created that extended the existing territory plus the Magdalen Islands. On July 1, 1998, the creation of linguistic school boards in Quebec resulted in the amalgamation of all English language schools in the eastern part of the province and became the present-day territory of ESSB which includes region 01 Bas-Saint-Laurent; region 09 Côte-Nord; and region 11 La Gaspésie-Îles-de-la-Madeleine.

Controversies.

Enrollment in the Eastern Shores School Board's schools and centres continues to decline as it does in most anglophone public school boards in Quebéc. This is a part of an ongoing decline which began with the enactment of the Charter of the French Language (Bill 101) by René Lévesque's Parti Québécois government in 1977. Entry Island is the school board's smallest school with less than a dozen students.  On June 16, 2010, the ESSB Council of Commissioners voted to recommend "that Bonaventure Polyvalente School (BPS) students be returned to their respective communities..." Although BPS is the largest school in the school board's territory with 143 students (as of September 30, 2010), the school board proposed to return the students to their "feeder schools" (i.e. New Richmond High School and New Carlisle High School) due to declining student population. The closure of BPS would result in students remaining in their respective communities until the end of high school (i.e. secondary 5). According to article 212 of the Education Act, there must be a two-year consultation before a is closed; however, ESSB decided to close the school at the end of a three-year period so that BPS will close in June 2014 to anglophone students.  On March 20, 2013, the ESSB Council of Commissioners voted to recommend the closure of Entry Island School. The school, located on Entry Island off the east coast of the Magdalen Islands, was constructed in 1963 and offers instruction from pre-kindergarten to secondary II. During the 2012-2013 school year, there were two teachers and four students in the school and the projected enrolment is declining.

Eastern Shores School Board or ESSB (in French, Commission scolaire Eastern Shores) is one of nine anglophone school boards in Quebec. ESSB is the largest anglophone school board in territory but the smallest anglophone school board in student population (1 289 students as of September 30, 2010) in Quebec. ESSB offers public school education in the eastern part of Quebec that includes the Magdalen Islands, Gaspe Coast, North Shore and the town of Fermont (administrative regions 01, 09 (section) and 11).

La commission scolaire des Eastern Shores est une commission scolaire anglophone desservant les régions administratives du Bas-Saint-Laurent, de la Côte-Nord et de la Gaspésie–Îles-de-la-Madeleine au Québec (Canada). Il s'agit de l'une des neuf commissions scolaires anglophones du Québec.


Technical description.

The airfield, in the grass, is 625 meters long, with 16/34 orientation. The preferred orientation is runway 16 for takeoffs and runway 34 for landings. Runway 34 has a circuit with turns to the right.  The municipal plan has approved an expansion of the runway length to a total of 950 meters. The expansion, however, is hindered by the residents, because of a recent regulation that allowed the construction of residential buildings almost on the runway.  The helipad, of small size (98.2 meters), allows the landing of various types of helicopters.  The Frecce Tricolori, aerobatic aircraft of various types, and the paratroopers have sometimes performed at the airfield.  Both runways are open everyday including holidays.  On June 19, 2011, the helipad was used by Pope Benedict XVI to visit the Diocese of San Marino-Montefeltro. After reaching the airfield from the heliport of the Vatican City, the Pope from here went to Pennabilli.  On Christmas Eve of 2014, the president of Aeroclub San Marino Corrado Carattoni launched the idea of adapting the airfield and helipad to an airport in the national interest by paving the runway, increasing hangar spaces and a lengthening the runway by 650 m 1 km.

Incidents.

On June 11, 2010, a Cessna 172 from Aeroclub Fano did not stop at the end of runway 34 due to a failure in the braking system, and a tip of the south-west[what does this mean]. Injured were two occupants on board the aircraft, which was completely destroyed. The incident investigation was conducted by the Agenzia Nazionale per la Sicurezza del Volo, the agency that deals with accidents or serious incidents that take place on Italian soil, that signed a memorandum of understanding with the civil aviation authority of San Marino in 2009.<br> On May 22, 2017, a Cessna 172 (F-HAPT) of French Aéroclub Paul Tissandier flipped over on the runway during the landing. The two occupants on board the aircraft were only slightly injured, but the aircraft was severely damaged. The incident investigation is being conducted by the Agenzia Nazionale per la Sicurezza del Volo.

The airfield and helipad Torraccia is located in the Republic of San Marino, 200 meters from the border with Italy. It is the only airport in the Republic and is managed by the Aeroclub San Marino.

L' aérodrome de Torraccia est un aérodrome de Saint-Marin. Il est détenu par l'aeroClub Saint-Marin (ACS). C'est la seule piste de la principauté.


Early life and education.

Bormann was born on 2 September 1902 in Wegeleben (now in Saxony-Anhalt) in the Kingdom of Prussia in the German Empire. He was born to a Lutheran family, the son of Theodor Bormann (1862–1903), a post office employee, and his second wife, Antonie Bernhardine Mennong. He had two half-siblings (Else and Walter Bormann) from his father's earlier marriage to Louise Grobler, who died in 1898. Antonie Bormann gave birth to three sons, one of whom died in infancy. Martin Bormann (born 1900) and Albert, born two years later, both survived to adulthood.

Nazi career.

In April 1931, Martin Bormann gained his brother a job with the Nazi Party Relief Fund in Munich. By October 1931, Bormann was assigned to "Kanzlei des Führers" (Hitler's Chancellery) of the NSDAP. It was responsible for the Nazi Party and associated organizations and their dealings directly with Adolf Hitler. Bormann was different from his older brother, Martin. He was tall, cultured and "avoided the limelight". Bormann believed he was serving the greater good and did not use his position for personal gain. He became friends with SS-"Obergruppenführer" Philipp Bouhler, the chief of Hitler's Chancellery ("Der Chef der Kanzlei des Führers der NSDAP").  Hitler was fond of Bormann and found him to be trustworthy. In 1938, Bormann was assigned to a small group of adjutants who were not subordinate to Martin Bormann. The relationship between Martin and Albert became so caustic that Martin referred to him not even by name but as "the man who holds the Führer's coat".  Further in 1938, Bormann became Chief of Main office I: "Persönliche Angelegenheiten des Führers" (Personal Affairs of the Führer) of the "Kanzlei des Führers". In that job, Bormann handled much of Hitler's routine correspondence. Before being chosen as a private secretary for Hitler, Traudl Junge worked for Bormann in that office after she came to Berlin.  On 20 April 1945, during the Battle of Berlin, Bormann, Admiral Karl-Jesko von Puttkamer, Theodor Morell, Hugo Blaschke, secretaries Johanna Wolf, Christa Schroeder, and several others were ordered by Hitler to leave Berlin by aircraft for the Obersalzberg. The group flew out of Berlin on different flights by aircraft of the "Fliegerstaffel des Führers" over the following three days.

Post-war.

After the end of World War II, Bormann went by the name Roth. He worked on a farm until April 1949, when he was arrested. He was sentenced by a Munich de-nazification court to six months of hard labor, being released in October 1949. Bormann disliked Martin to the point where he did not even wish to discuss his brother in interviews after the war. Further, Bormann refused to write his memoirs. In April 1989, Bormann died while living in Munich.

Albert Bormann (2 September 19028 April 1989) was a German National Socialist Motor Corps (NSKK) officer, who rose to the rank of "Gruppenführer" ("Generalleutnant") during World War II. Bormann served as an adjutant to Adolf Hitler, and was the younger brother of Martin Bormann.

Albert Bormann ( - ) était un officier allemand du NSKK, qui a atteint le grade de "Gruppenführer" ("Generalleutnant") au cours de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Bormann a été un des adjudants d'Adolf Hitler et était le plus jeune frère de Martin Bormann.


Education.

After Highschool at the Alfred-Krupp-Gymnasium in Essen, Bruse graduated in physical geography from Ruhr-Universität Bochum in 1995 with a major in climatology and a minor in botany with a focus on geobotany and oceanography. He then started to develop the micro-climate model ENVI-met, completing his formal education in 1999 with a PhD from the Ruhr-Universität Bochum with a thesis on the effects of small-scale environmental design on the local microclimate. In 2006 his post-doctoral habilitation thesis on "Multi-Agent systems: A new approach for assessing urban environmental conditions" was accepted on the Ruhr-Universität Bochum.

Career and research.

Michael Bruse founded GeoTech in 1992 providing the software SHADOW which was one of the first computer programms allowing to calculate shadow casting through buildings in an 3D urban context at very high resolution. GeoTech then extend the scope of analysis to air pollution and surface temperatures and establishd the brand ENVI-met in 2004. In 2007 he became a full professor at the University of Mainz and head of the Department of Geoinformatics. Since then he was as well Visiting Professor in Harvard and at the Architectural Association London (AA).  Since 2007 he is partner of Werner Sobek Green Technologies in Stuttgart, Germany. In 2014 he founded ENVI_MET with Daniela Bruse gathering all developed programs and modules in one place. Its core areas of expertise are microclimate and thermal comfort, solar analysis, wind flow and turbulence, Green and blue technologies, pollutant dispersion, vegetation, as well as building physics.

Development.

Michael Bruse is in the scientific world known for his microclimate model ENVI-met, a holistic numerical climate model, that makes it possible to simulate the effects of architecture and landscape planning on the microclimate and air quality on a scale of up to one meter. This permits to study the interactions between the climatological framework conditions, like climate change and extreme weather, and local environmental design.  ENVI-met is used worldwide, his range of application includes the evaluation of urban development projects (Melbourne 2030, RE-THINK Athens) up to the design of sustainable settlement structures ("Young Cities" project Iran of the FU Berlin).  Another research focus is the analysis of urban pollution problems, especially with regard to particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide pollution. Numerical simulations and measurements are used to develop and evaluate urban concepts that can be used to reduce the exposure of the population to air pollutants. For example, ENVI-met is the reference model of the Belgian-Dutch government initiative "Air Innovation Platform" and the Bureau of Meteorology in Melbourne, Australia. On the basis of simulation calculations, together with architects, urban planners and associations, development scenarios for districts and open spaces are created with which the negative effects of climate change can be mitigated at local level (KLIMAzwei initiative of the BMBF, Green Aspang Wien, BUGS of the EU).

Selected publications.

The main publication is in the micro-climate model ENVI-met, which is not a classical publication, but a software. ENVI-met has been published in more than 100 PhD theses and more than 1,500 essays applied (Google Scholar 09/2017). The list below is a cross-section of the relevant research topics. Citation index: h = 25 (calculation method Google Scholar, accessed 10/2019). The actual citation index will be significantly higher, as the ENVI-MET model has now established itself as a brand and in many essays on the correct citation is omitted.

Michael Bruse (born 1969 in Essen, Germany) is a German geographer and professor for geoinformatics at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz. He specializes in research on urban microclimate/climatology with a methodical focus on numerical simulation. Besides his scientific work he developed the micro-climate model ENVI-met. and is founder of the company ENVI_MET. ENVI-met is a holistic three-dimensional non-hydrostatic model for the simulation of surface-plant-air interactions not only limited to, but very often used to simulate urban environments and to assess the effects of green architecture visions.

Michael Bruse (né en 1969 à Essen, Allemagne) est un géographe allemand et un professeur de la géomatique à l’Université de Mayence.


Geography.

Olyphant is located at (41.462630, -75.595617).  According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough has a total area of, of which, of it is land and of it (1.82%) is water.

Demographics.

As of the census of 2010, there were 5,151 people, 2,324 households, and 1,357 families residing in the borough. The population density was 953.9 people per square mile (368.3/km2). There were 2,521 housing units at an average density of 466.9 per square mile (182.4/km2). The racial makeup of the borough was 96.2% White, 1.6% African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.7% from other races, and 1.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.4% of the population.  There were 2,324 households, out of which 23.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.9% were married couples living together, 11.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.6% were non-families. 36.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.22 and the average family size was 2.90.  In the borough, the population was spread out, with 19.3% under the age of 18, 63.7% from 18 to 64, and 17% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42.6 years.  The median income for a household in the borough was $32,721, and the median income for a family was $45,091. Males had a median income of $30,647 versus $24,825 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $17,049. About 7.4% of families and 11.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.2% of those under age 18 and 24.2% of those age 65 or over.

Education.

While the anthracite coal industry was thriving, there were numerous neighborhood schools: the Columbus School in the Smoketown section, the Washington School and the Roosevelt School in the Fern Hill section, the Lincoln School in the Grassy Island Heights section, as well as a three-room school in the Underwood Village and a one-room school in Marshwood. There was a Central School for elementary school students who lived downtown and in the Flats section. The annex of the Central School was Olyphant Senior High School. Olyphant Junior High School was in a separate building. As the population declined, the neighborhood schools were closed and demolished. In 1969, the Olyphant, Dickson City, and Throop school districts consolidated to form the Mid Valley School District. The Olyphant Junior High School became the Mid-Valley Senior High School. The annex of the Olyphant Elementary School had elementary school grades as well as some overflow classes from the senior high school. On February 10, 1977, the Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry condemned the Olyphant Elementary School and the annex. The displaced elementary school students were moved to the Mid-Valley Junior High School in Dickson City. The displaced junior high school students and the senior high school students attended classes in the senior high school on split sessions. Eventually, new schools were built. Currently, the Mid-Valley School District has a single elementary school, and a single secondary school on Underwood Road in Throop.  Up until the mid-1970s, each Catholic parish had a parochial school: St. Patrick’s, St. Michael’s, and Holy Ghost. Saints Cyril and Methodius Ukrainian Catholic School remained open longer, but it was eventually closed.  There are private Catholic schools in neighboring municipalities. The La Salle Academy Primary Campus in Dickson City is for students in Pre-Kindergarten through Grade 3; the Main Campus in Jessup is for students in Grades 4 through 8. High school students can attend Bishop O'Hara High School in Dunmore and Scranton Preparatory School in Scranton.

Notable people.

The borough was originally named Queen City but later the community was named after George Talbot Olyphant, president of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company.  Loretta Walsh. First female to enlist in the Navy 1919

Olyphant is a borough in Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania, approximately five miles (8 km) northeast of Scranton on the Lackawanna River in the heart of the anthracite region of the State. Its main source of employment was the mining and shipping of coal. Other industries of the past were the manufacturing of blasting powder, iron and steel goods, cigars, silks, etc. Olyphant experienced a severe downturn in the 1950s. There was once a thriving garment industry with numerous dress factories in the downtown area. There was also a slaughter house. Until recently, the biggest industry was the manufacture of Compact Discs (CD) and Digital Video Discs (DVD). The population was 5,151 at the 2010 census.

Le "borough" d’Olyphant est situé dans le comté de Lackawanna, dans le Commonwealth de Pennsylvanie, aux États-Unis. Sa population s’élevait à lors du recensement, estimée à.