Photo ID Centre.

Sherbourne Station houses the TTC Photo ID Centre. The TTC photographic team now visits most participating colleges and universities at the beginning of each academic year, and the post-secondary student monthly pass is now available only available via the Presto card and can be purchased from Presto fare vending machines located inside the station.

Entrances.

The primary entrance is located on the Sherbourne Street side of the office building at 425 Bloor Street East. An unmanned second entrance to the east end of the platforms is on Glen Road, a small side street which runs north off Howard Street from the densely populated St. James Town. A pedestrian tunnel under Bloor Street and a footbridge across Rosedale Valley Road provide access to this entrance from Rosedale to the north.

Artwork.

In 2019, the artwork titled "The Whole is Greater than the Sum of its Parts" by Rebecca Bayer was installed as panels at various locations in the station at the platform and concourse levels. Using custom ceramic tiles, the panels consist of colourful mosaics arranged in geometric, triangular patterns. According to the TTC's Public Art page: "Sherbourne station is an important transit hub for the multicultural neighbourhoods it serves and this artwork intends to reaffirm the station as a shared place where the wider community interacts daily."

Subway infrastructure in the vicinity.

This is the only station that was located south of Bloor Street on the original 1966 line. Sherbourne is also uniquely deep underground, which required a section of the tunnel to be bored, rather than constructed using the shallow cut-and-cover method used for most of the line, west to Bloor–Yonge station.  East of the station, the line crosses back under Bloor Street to the north side. It emerges from the tunnel to cross the Rosedale Ravine on a curving covered concrete bridge, and then returns underground just before Castle Frank station. The adjacent bridge that carries Bloor Street across the ravine, although built with provision for a lower deck as part of the Prince Edward Viaduct project, is at such an angle to the subway alignment that it could not be conveniently used. A conventional bridge was planned for the subway line, with a view of the ravine, but local objections forced the Toronto Transit Commission to enclose it in a concrete shell for noise abatement.

Surface connections.

A paper transfer is required to connect to surface routes. TTC routes serving the station include:

Sherbourne is a subway station on the Bloor–Danforth line in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The station, which opened in 1966, is located west of Sherbourne Street on the south side of Bloor Street East. The station primarily serves the St. James Town neighbourhood and the southern portion of Rosedale. Wi-Fi service is available at this station. This is not an accessible subway station.

Sherbourne ist eine unterirdische U-Bahn-Station in Toronto. Sie liegt an der Bloor-Danforth-Linie der Toronto Subway, an der Kreuzung von Bloor Street und Sherbourne Street. Die Station, die über Seitenbahnsteige verfügt, wird täglich von durchschnittlich 25.730 Fahrgästen genutzt (2015).


Medical uses.

Azelastine nasal spray is indicated for the local treatment of the symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis and perennial allergic rhinitis, such as rhinorrhea, sneezing and nasal pruritus in adults and children 5 years of age and older. In some countries, it is also indicated for the treatment of vasomotor rhinitis in adults and children ≥ 12 years old. Azelastine eyes drops are indicated for the local treatment of seasonal and perennial allergic conjunctivitis.

Side effects.

Azelastine is safe and well tolerated in both adults and children with allergic rhinitis. Bitter taste, headache, nasal burning and somnolence are the most frequently reported adverse events. US prescribing recommendations warn against the concurrent use of alcohol and/or other central nervous system depressants, but to date there have been no studies to assess the effects of azelastine nasal spray on the CNS in humans. More recent studies have shown similar degrees of somnolence (approx. 2%) compared with placebo treatment.  The most common side effect is a bitter taste (about 20% of people). Due to this, the manufacturer has produced another formulation of azelastine with sucralose. The problem of bitter taste may also be reduced by correct application of the nasal spray (i.e. slightly tipping the head forward and not inhaling the medication too deeply), or alternatively using the azelastine/sucralose formulation.  In addition, anosmia (loss in the ability to smell) can occur with nasal spray antihistamines (including both formulations of azelastine).

Pharmacology.

Pharmacodynamics.

Azelastine has a triple mode of action:

Pharmacokinetics.

The systemic bioavailability of azelastine is approximately 40% when administered intranasally. Maximum plasma concentrations (Cmax) are observed within 2–3 hours. The elimination half life, steady-state volume of distribution and plasma clearance are 22 h, 14.5 l/kg and 0.5 l/h/kg respectively (based on intravenous and oral administration data). Approximately 75% of an oral dose is excreted in feces. Pharmacokinetics of orally administered azelastine are not affected by age, gender or hepatic impairment.

Metabolism.

Azelastine is oxidatively metabolized by the cytochrome P450 family into its active metabolite, desmethylazelastine, and two inactive carboxylic acid metabolites.

Chemical properties.

The chemical nomenclature of azelastine is (±)-1-(2H)-phthalazinone, 4-[(4-chlorophenyl) methyl]-2-(hexahydro-1-methyl-1H-azepin-4-yl)-monohydrochloride. It is white, almost odorless with a bitter taste.

Society and culture.

Availability.

Azelastine is generic and available worldwide under many brand names.

Azelastine, sold under the brand name Optivar among others, is a medication primarily used as a nasal spray to treat allergic rhinitis (hay fever) and as eye drops for allergic conjunctivitis. Other uses may include asthma and skin rashes for which it is taken by mouth. Onset of effects is within minutes when used in the eyes and within an hour when used in the nose. Effects last for up to 12 hours. Common side effects include headache, sleepiness, change in taste, and sore throat. It is unclear if use is safe during pregnancy or breastfeeding. It is a second-generation antihistamine and works by blocking the release of a number of inflammatory mediators including histamine. Azelastine was patented in 1971 and came into medical use in 1986. It is available as a generic medication. A 22 millilitre bottle in the United Kingdom costs the NHS about £10.50 as of 2019. In the United States the wholesale cost of this amount is about US$8.40. In 2017, it was the 297th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than one million prescriptions.

Azelastin ist ein Arzneistoff. Es ist ein selektives Antihistaminikum vom Typ der H1-Blocker der zweiten Generation. Es wird bei leichter, mittelschwerer und schwerer saisonaler und bei leichter ganzjähriger allergischer Rhinitis (z. B. Heuschnupfen) eingesetzt.


Orbit and classification.

"Epeigeus" is a dark Jovian asteroid in a 1:1 orbital resonance with Jupiter. It is located in the leading Greek camp at the Gas Giant's Lagrangian point, 60° ahead on its orbit. It is also a non-family asteroid of the Jovian background population.  It orbits the Sun at a distance of 4.8–5.6 AU once every 11 years and 10 months (4,332 days; semi-major axis of 5.2 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.07 and an inclination of 16° with respect to the ecliptic.  The body's observation arc begins with a precovery taken at the Siding Spring Observatory in March 1980, almost 8 years prior to its official discovery observation at Palomar.

Physical characteristics.

In the SDSS-based taxonomy, "Epeigeus" is a D-type asteroid. It has also been characterized as a D-type by Pan-STARRS' survey. It is the most common spectral type among the Jupiter trojans.

Rotation period.

In August 1995, a rotational lightcurve of "Epeigeus" was obtained from photometric observations over five consecutive nights by Italian astronomer Stefano Mottola using the Bochum 0.61-metre Telescope at ESO's La Silla Observatory in Chile. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of hours with a low brightness amplitude of 0.10 magnitude ().

Diameter and albedo.

According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, "Epeigeus" measures between 42.59 and 44.74 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.069 and 0.074.  The "Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link" derives an albedo of 0.0738 and a diameter of 42.59 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.3.

Naming.

This minor planet was named from Greek mythology after the Greek warrior Epeigeus, who belonged to the Myrmidons commanded by Achilles. He was killed by Hector, who hit him upon the crest of his helmet with a great stone. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 12 July 1995 ().

5259 Epeigeus is a mid-sized Jupiter trojan from the Greek camp, approximately in diameter. It was discovered on 30 January 1989, by American astronomer couple Carolyn and Eugene Shoemaker at the Palomar Observatory in California. The D-type asteroid has a rotation period of 18.4 hours. It was named after the Myrmidon hero Epeigeus from Greek mythology.

(5259) Epeigeus ist ein Asteroid aus der Gruppe der Jupiter-Trojaner. Damit werden Asteroiden bezeichnet, die auf den Lagrange-Punkten auf der Bahn des Jupiter um die Sonne laufen.


Life and work.

Samten Gyeltsen was born in 1936 in Amdo Sharkhog, eastern Tibet. He received religious training in Dzogchen meditation from his uncle. He completed his studies in the Bon monastery in 1955, obtaining the degree of geshe, and left with a group of friends to Drepung Monastery, a Gelug gompa near Lhasa. The monastery was known for its high philosophical training.  After leaving Drepung due to the difficult political situation, Samten moved to Nepal and later to India. After working for some time in Delhi, he was invited to England by David Snellgrove under a Rockefeller fellowship. Upon moving to Europe, he assumed the surname Karmay. He studied under two mentors, Snellgrove and Rolf Stein, who both recognized Samten's knowledge of Tibetan texts. He earned an M. Phil degree at the SOAS, University of London.  In 1980 he moved to France, where he entered the Centre national de la recherche scientifique (National Centre for Scientific Research). During his time there, he was awarded with the CNRS Silver Medal for his contribution to Human Sciences. A number of Revue d'Etudes Tibétaines was dedicated to him in November 2008. He also held the post of the President of the International Association of Tibetan Studies between 1995 and 2000, being the first Tibetan to be elected to the post. In 2005 he was a visiting professor at the International Institute for Asian Studies, under the sponsorship of Bukkyo Dendo Kyokai (""Society for the Promotion of Buddhism"").  Asian Commitment: Travels and Studies in the Indian Subcontinent and South Asia, David l. Snellgrove, Orchid Press 2008  himalaya.socanth.cam.ac.uk/collections/journals/ Digital Himalaya: Revue d'Etudes Tibétaines Number 15, Novembre 2008 - Tibetan Studies in Honour of Samten Karmay, Part II, November 2008

Samten Gyeltsen Karmay () (1936-) is a writer and researcher in the field of Tibetan Studies. His work is focused on the study of Tibetan myths, beliefs, the Bon religion and religious history.

Samten G. Karmay (* 1936 in Amdo) ist ein tibetischer Autor, Tibetologe und emeritierter "Director of Research" des Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS). Sein besonderes Interesse gilt tibetischen Mythen, dem Bön und der Religionsgeschichte.


Early years.

St. Jacques was born James Arthur Johnson in Hartford, Connecticut. He had a sister, Barbara Ann. Shortly after his birth, his parents divorced; he moved with his mother and sister to New Haven, Connecticut. Johnson's mother Vivienne later worked as a medical technician at Yale University. After graduating from Hillhouse High School, Johnson attended Yale, where he studied drama and psychology.  Upon graduation, he worked as an assistant director, actor and fencing instructor for the American Shakespearean Festival in New Haven. He staged all of the fencing scenes and duels while at the company and would continue to practice fencing for the rest of his life.  After moving to New York City, Johnson continued to pursue acting and studied at the Actors Studio. To support himself, he worked as a model, dishwasher and a busboy. His first professional acting role was in the off-Broadway play "High Name Today". He was cast in the role of "Judge" in the off-Broadway performance of Jean Genet's play The Blacks at St. Mark's Playhouse in 1960.

Career.

After appearing in bit parts on television in the early 1960s, St. Jacques made his film debut in a small part in the 1964 film "Black Like Me". He followed with a role in "The Pawnbroker" later that year. He appeared in supporting roles in "The Comedians" (1967) and "The Green Berets" (1968).  His best-known film roles were that of Coffin Ed in the blaxploitation classics "Cotton Comes to Harlem" (1970) (adapted from crime novels by Chester Himes) and "Come Back, Charleston Blue" (1972). In the early 1970s, St. Jacques began teaching fencing and acting at the Mafundi Institute in Watts, Los Angeles. In 1973, he produced, directed, and starred in the crime film "Book of Numbers".  During the 1960s, St. Jacques also guest starred on numerous television shows including "East Side/West Side", "Daktari", "The Virginian", and "The Man from U.N.C.L.E.". In 1965, he was cast as "Simon Blake" in the Western series "Rawhide", the first African-American actor to ever be cast as a regular on a prime time Western series. Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, St. Jacques continued with roles on stage, film and television. He became known as "The Man of a Thousand Faces" due to the varied parts he played throughout his career.  In 1976, St. Jacques starred as Othello in the John Anson Ford Amphitheatre production of the play of the same name. He remained active in stage work throughout his career, touring in productions of "Julius Caesar", "Romeo and Juliet", "A Raisin in the Sun", and the stage adaptation of "The Man with the Golden Arm". From 1988 to 1989, St. Jacques had a two-year stint as Judge Clayton C. Thomas on the syndicated TV show "Superior Court". In 1989, he played abolitionist Frederick Douglass in Edward Zwick's "Glory". His final film role was in the 1991 sci fi film "Timebomb" released after his death.

Personal life.

St. Jacques was a lifelong bachelor. In August 1969, St. Jacques granted an interview to columnist Earl Wilson and told Wilson of his plans to adopt two African American boys who were 6 and 7 years old. The adoption apparently never happened but, by the early 1970s, St. Jacques claimed to have two older sons, Raymond, Jr and Sterling. In a 1973 interview, St. Jacques claimed that Raymond, Jr was living in Boston. In May 1972, Sterling, then reported to be 22 years old, made news after four men attempted to rob St. Jacques' Bel Air home. Sterling was the only person home at the time (St. Jacques was in Dallas at the time) and fled after calling police. The four men were apprehended after their getaway car stalled in St. Jacques' driveway. Sterling went on to appear in St. Jacques' 1973 film "Book of Numbers". In the mid to late 1970s, Sterling became known as a high fashion model (he was briefly engaged to fellow model Pat Cleveland), dancer and a frequent New York City nightclub and society fixture. In her 2016 memoir "Walking with Muses", Sterling’s ex-fiancée Pat Cleveland stated that their engagement came to an end because Sterling was gay. Sometime in the early 1980s, he moved to Europe where he found moderate success as an Italo disco singer. Sterling St Jacques reportedly died of complications of AIDS in 1984 (his death has never been officially confirmed and his true fate remains unknown). However, in a 1988 interview with the "Chicago Tribune", St. Jacques still claimed to have two sons and said Sterling was appearing on a television show in Düsseldorf.  The adoption of Raymond, Jr. and Sterling was apparently never official. In his will, St. Jacques claimed that he had no children and named only Sterling, whom he identified as his nephew, in his will. St. Jacques bequeathed Sterling $1 from his $750,000 estate.

Activism.

St. Jacques frequently spoke of the prejudices he and other African American actors faced in being cast in non-stereotypical, thoughtful roles. He later worked to help African Americans find work behind the camera. In 1977 he publicly criticised the lack of minority actors in "Star Wars" (which he acknowledged having seen five times) and other science fiction films. St. Jacques was also an activist for African American civil rights. In 1985, he and other protestors were arrested during an anti-apartheid demonstration outside of the South African embassy in Washington, D.C.

Death.

On August 27, 1990, St. Jacques died of lymphoma at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, California. His funeral was held on August 31 at The Church of the Recessional at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Glendale, California, after which he was interred at Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Hollywood Hills. One of the pall bearers at the funeral was Stanley Bennett Clay, who later revealed that St. Jacques had not been Sterling's adoptive father but his sugar daddy, but that they later had a falling-out.

Raymond St. Jacques (March 1, 1930 – August 27, 1990) was an American actor, director and producer. He was the first African American actor to appear in a regular role on a western series, playing Simon Blake on "Rawhide".

Raymond St. Jacques (* 1. März 1930 in Hartford (Connecticut); † 27. August 1990 in Los Angeles) war ein US-amerikanischer Schauspieler.


Plot.

Henry Tawes is an aging sheriff in small-town of Gainesboro, Tennessee, who is becoming bored with his wife, Ellen, and his life. He meets young Alma McCain, oldest daughter and de facto housewife of a poor family led by her single parent father. Her age is ambiguous, but she is clearly far younger than Henry.  Henry and Alma become romantically and physically involved, meeting secretly at various points around their town, particularly an abandoned house. Her family quickly learns and is very accepting of the relationship, appearing also to take his forceful advice to destroy their still and all evidence it had existed before a visiting excise official named Bascomb returns and is likely to find it. Henry Tawes clearly doesn't see harm in the manufacture of moonshine but needs to balance his personal views and his role as town sheriff. The couple start to discuss running away together.  A deputy, Hunnicutt, starts taking an active interest in the McCains, ignoring warnings from Tawes to leave them alone. Henry's wife also starts to suspect that he is having an affair and confronts him about it, although she is apparently more concerned about pleasing him and protecting her family than his obvious infidelities. Against this background, Bascomb returns to the town and organizes a systematic search of the county, with the McCains being a family of particular interest because of prior history of the father; Henry also learns from him that Alma is married, her husband being in prison; at their next meeting he becomes angry with her about the fact she hadn't told him, but then they make love and he proposes that they run away together. She is reluctant, fearing the response of her family, but they arrange to meet and leave for California early the next day.  In the meantime, however, Deputy Hunicutt visits the McCain family, clearly looking for an illegal still, where he meets Alma. After an argument, the deputy draws his weapon and shoots dead the family dog in front of her, an act witnessed from a distance by her father and brothers.  The film cuts forward to scenes of Sheriff Henry Tawes being informed that his deputy is missing and the McCain family frantically packing up their still. Tawes visits the McCain family to find them disposing of Hunicutt's body. He tells them to "clear out", and with them gone, disposes of the deputy's body himself by weighting it and dropping it into a nearby reservoir. As he returns from disposing the deputy's body, he is met by Bascomb, who has found the remains of the McCains still. Believing she isn't with her family, Henry starts searching frantically for Alma as soon as he can. Unable to find her, he pursues the McCain family out of the county, finding her with them; he ends up fighting with her father and brother, shooting her father, but Alma attacks him with a farmer's hook. Neither injury is fatal. Leaving him in the road, alive and conscious but badly injured, the McCains drive off.

Pre-production.

Frankenheimer wanted Gene Hackman to play the sheriff, but Columbia Pictures insisted that Peck be cast in the lead since he was under contract to them. Frankenheimer cast J.C. Evans, his wife's grandfather, who was eighty-two years old, to play the sheriff's father; the director called Evans "quite wonderful" but eventually had Will Geer dub his part. During the drive-in scene, the film playing is "The Big Mouth", but the posters at the theater list it as "Hook, Line & Sinker" (both were Jerry Lewis movies). When Sony released it on DVD in 2006, the final shot was altered to show a freeze-frame of Peck's face. In the original version, Peck's face is never frozen, and his eyes are open. The scene showing Ralph Meeker's character shooting Charles Durning's deputy sheriff character from a distance with a rifle to protect his daughter is deleted in the video release.

Reception.

In a December 1970 review, "Time" magazine summarized the film's main characters:  According to "TV Guide", "[t]he one reason to watch is the astonishing, unsung Weld, the modern Louise Brooks, who can suggest amorality, skewed innocence and ageless sensuality—she played nymphets through her thirties with infinite ease—that makes Bardot pale."  In an interview published in October 2009, Madison Jones, the author upon whose novel the film's screenplay was based, said Peck "didn’t really fit the role... He didn’t really fit any role unless he is playing himself." According to Jones, "Peck himself said there was a good movie lying on the cutting-room floor."

Soundtrack album.

Cash re-recorded the title song for the film, and ended up with enough material for a soundtrack album. One of the songs, "Flesh and Blood," even became a number one country hit in 1971. The soundtrack featured three songs not heard in the film ("This Town", "Face of Despair" and "The World's gonna Fall On You").

I Walk the Line is a 1970 American neo noir drama film directed by John Frankenheimer and starring Gregory Peck and Tuesday Weld. It tells the story of Sheriff Henry Tawes (Peck) who develops a relationship with a girl in town, Alma McCain (Weld). The screenplay, written by Alvin Sargent, is an adaptation of Madison Jones' novel "An Exile". The "I Walk the Line" soundtrack is by Johnny Cash; it features his 1956 hit song of the same name. The movie was filmed on location in Gainesboro, Jackson County, Tennessee and Center Hill Lake and Dam in Central Tennessee.

Der Sheriff (Originaltitel: "I Walk the Line") ist ein US-amerikanisches Filmdrama von John Frankenheimer aus dem Jahr 1970. Die Hauptrollen spielen Gregory Peck und Tuesday Weld. Das Drehbuch basiert auf dem Roman "An Exile" von Madison Jones.


Motivation.

Introduction of GAP is particularly desirable when there is chronic overuse and misuse of agricultural pesticides. Governments seek to reduce the use of pesticides ("sustainability") by introducing alternative methods of pest management, while at the same time ensuring a steady production of safe and wholesome food.

Organizations.

Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of the United Nations GAP.

The Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO) uses good agricultural practice as a collection of principles to apply for on-farm production and post-production processes, resulting in safe and healthy food and non-food agricultural products, while taking into account economical, social and environmental sustainability.  GAPs may be applied to a wide range of farming systems and at different scales. They are applied through sustainable agricultural methods, including economically and efficiently produce being sufficient (food security), safe (food safety), and making sure that the food is nutritious (food quality).  GAPs require maintaining a common database on integrated production techniques for each of the major agro-ecological area (see ecoregion). They collect, analyze and disseminate information of good practices in relevant geographical contexts.

United States Department of Agriculture GAP/GHP Program.

The United States Department of Agriculture marketing service operates an audit/certification program to verify that farms use good agricultural practice or good handling practice. It is a voluntary program typically utilized by growers and packers to satisfy contractual requirements with retail and food service buyers. The program was implemented in 2002 after the New Jersey Department of Agriculture petitioned USDA-AMS to implement an audit-based program to verify conformance to the 1998 Food & Drug Administration publication entitled, "Guide to Minimize Microbial Food Safety Hazards for Fresh Fruits and Vegetables."  The program has been updated several times since 2002, and includes additional certification programs such as commodity specific audit programs for mushrooms, tomatoes, leafy greens, and cantaloupes. In 2009, USDA-AMS participated in the GAPs Harmonization Initiative which "harmonized" 14 of the major North American GAP audit standards, which in 2011 resulted in the release and implementation of the Produce GAPs Harmonized Food Safety Standard.

Recommendations.

Smallholder productivity.

Demand for agricultural crops is expected to double as the world's population reaches 9.1 billion by 2050. Increasing the quantity and quality of food in response to growing demand will require increased agricultural production. Good agricultural practices, often in combination with effective input use, are one of the best ways to increase smallholder productivity. Many agribusinesses are building sustainable supply chains to increase production and improve quality.

Good agricultural practice (GAP) is a certification system for agriculture, specifying procedures (and attendant documentation) that must be implemented to create food for consumers or further processing that is safe and wholesome, using sustainable methods. While there are numerous competing definitions of what methods constitute good agricultural practice there are several broadly accepted schemes that producers can adhere to.

Gute landwirtschaftliche Praxis (oft kurz "GAP" für ) bezeichnet die Gute fachliche Praxis in der Landwirtschaft, insbesondere für die Landnutzung und die Tierhaltung. Laut EU ist gute landwirtschaftliche Praxis der gewöhnliche Standard der Bewirtschaftung, die ein verantwortungsbewusster Landwirt in der betreffenden Region anwenden würde. Dabei handelt es sich um einen unbestimmten Rechtsbegriff.


Early life & family.

He lived in Mozambique until the age of seven and settled in Lisbon, with his family. At age eleven, he began his voyage into theater with the play of Miguel Torga, "O Mar", directed by Carlos Avilez in the Teatro Experimental de Cascais. Soon after, he began work in television, cinema, and radio ads.  He married Lurdes Feio, a journalist, and they had two daughters, Bárbara Gonzalez Feio and Kiki (Catarina) Gonzalez Feio. Later, Sara Cadima Feio and Filipe Cadima Feio were born, their mother being the actress Cláudia Cadima with whom Feio had had an 18-year relationship.

Career.

In 1969, he got his professional actor's license in the theater company, Laura Alves, and went back to Mozambique, touring with the play "Comprador de Horas". He then retired from the stage and worked as a designer in an architecture company. In 1974, he was again on the Teatro Experimental de Cascais, where he left to form the "Teatro Aquarius" with Fernando Gomes. He then began touring the "Cooperativa de Comediantes Rafael de Oliveira", "Teatro Popular-Companhia Nacional I", under the direction of Ribeirinho, Teatro São Luiz, Teatro Adóque, Teatro ABC, Casa da Comédia, Teatro Aberto, Teatro Variedades, and Teatro Nacional D. Maria II.  He started directing with the show "Pequeno Rebanho Não Desesperes" of Christian Giudicelli in the Casa da Comédia. "Vincent" of Leonard Nimoy, in Teatro Nacional D. Maria II and "O Verdadeiro Oeste" of Sam Shepard, in Auditório Carlos Paredes were his next plays. As an actor, he partook in "Inox-Take 5" (1993) with José Pedro Gomes. This was the start of a partnership that would last throughout his life. He started managing acting courses in the Centro Cultural de Benfica and launched a few groups with his students, such as "O Esquerda Baixa" and "Pano de Ferro".  Besides theater, he was also on TV in sitcoms such as "Conversa da Treta" or shows such as "1, 2, 3"). He was in cinema with Alfredo Tropa, Eduardo Geada, Luís Filipe Costa and Fernando Fragata and also did voice-overs. He kept working on radio with a humorous chronic on TSF.

Plays.

He had many plays, and the most important were "A Partilha" by Miguel Falabela and "O Que diz Molero" by Diniz Machado (Teatro Nacional D. Maria II); "Perdidos em Yonkers" by Neil Simon and "Duas Semanas com o Presidente" by Mary Morris (CCB and Teatro Nacional S. João); "Conversa da Treta" by José Fanha (Auditório Carlos Paredes); "O Aleijadinho do Corvo" by Martin McDonagh (Visões Úteis/ Teatro Rivoli); "'Arte'" by Yasmina Reza (Teatro Nacional S. João); "Bom Dia Benjamim" by Nuno Artur Silva, Luís Miguel Viterbo and Rui Cardoso Martins (CCB and Expo98); "Portugal Uma Comédia Musical" by Nuno Artur Silva and Nuno Costa Santos (Teatro São Luiz); "Popcorn" by Ben Elton with Helena Laureano, "Deixa-me Rir" by Alistair Beaton,"Jantar de Idiotas" and "O Chato" by Francis Veber (Teatro Villaret).

Death.

He died on 29 July, at 11:30am, in the Hospital da Luz. He was a victim of pancreatic cancer, which he had been fighting for several months.

Antonio Jorge Peres Feio (6 December 1954, Lourenço Marques, Mozambique – 29 July 2010, Lisbon) was a Portuguese actor and director who was awarded the honorific degree of "Comendador da Ordem do Infante D. Henrique" on 27 March 2010, by Aníbal Cavaco Silva (President of the Republic Portugal).

António Feio (* 6. Dezember 1954 in Lourenço Marques, Mosambik; † 29. Juli 2010 in Lissabon) war ein portugiesischer Schauspieler und Regisseur.


Summary.

The 2002 election was the first for which the President would be elected to a five-year, instead of a seven-year, term.  In the months before the election, the campaign had increasingly focused on questions of law and order, with a particular focus on crimes committed by young people, especially those of foreign origin. Lionel Jospin was, at the time, Prime Minister of France; the Jospin government was criticised for its "softness" on crime by its political opponents. Reporting on the TF1 and France2 television channel and other media also emphasized the alleged crime wave.  The first round of the election (on 21 April), which saw an exceptional number of 16 candidates, came as a shock to many commentators, almost all of whom had expected the second ballot to be between Jacques Chirac and Lionel Jospin. Indeed, it was this very expectation that led to Jospin's downfall, with a plethora of "small party" left candidates (independent socialists and republicans, Green, Communist, Trotskyist, radical etc.) all intending to support him in the second round, but to raise their profile in the first, like Jean-Pierre Chevènement and Christiane Taubira. They cumulatively took enough votes away from Jospin to (unintentionally) prevent him from reaching the second round, which he could have won. Instead Jean-Marie Le Pen faced Chirac in the second ballot. The election brought the opinion polls and two-round voting system into question as well as raising many concerns about apathy and the way in which the left had become so divided as a result of the over democratical refusal of Jospin to strategically ask the nearest small parties of his own government coalition to withdraw, like the preceding leaders of the left had done for such an election.  There was a widespread stirring of national public opinion, and more than one million people in France took part in street rallies, in an expression of fierce opposition to Le Pen's ideas. Some held up protest signs stating "I'm ashamed to be French," which parodied Le Pen's party slogan, "Proud to be French." Spontaneous street protests began in the night from 21 to 22 April, then on 22 April and 23, then as follows:  The choice between Chirac, who was under suspicion for actions carried out whilst he was mayor of Paris (see corruption scandals in the Paris region) but benefited from Presidential immunity as long as he stayed president, and Le Pen, a nationalist often accused of racism and antisemitism, was one that many found tough. Some people suggested going to vote with a clothes peg on their noses to express disgust when voting for Chirac, but this may have been illegal, because it is prohibited to advertise one's vote inside the voting precinct. In the days before the second ballot, a memorable poster was put up of Chirac with the slogan "Vote for the Crook, not the Fascist". Chirac defeated Le Pen by a landslide.

The 2002 French presidential election consisted of a first round election on 21 April 2002, and a runoff election between the top two candidates (Jacques Chirac and Jean-Marie Le Pen) on 5 May 2002. This presidential contest attracted a greater than usual amount of international attention because of far-right candidate Le Pen's unexpected appearance in the runoff election.

Die französische Präsidentschaftswahl 2002 fand am 21. April (erster Wahlgang) und 5. Mai 2002 (Stichwahl) statt. Überraschendes Ergebnis des ersten Wahlganges war, dass der Kandidat des Front National, Jean-Marie Le Pen, mehr Stimmen als der Premierminister Lionel Jospin erringen konnte und damit am zweiten Wahlgang teilnahm. Aufgrund dessen gaben auch weite Teile der linken Parteien für die Stichwahl eine Wahlempfehlung für Amtsinhaber Jacques Chirac aus; dieser erhielt 82,21 % der Stimmen.


Settings.

Two settings in London were used for the basketball tournaments: The O2 Arena (referred to as the "North Greenwich Arena" during the Olympics) and the Basketball Arena in Olympic Park at Stratford. The North Greenwich Arena was the setting for the knockout stages for the men, and also from the semifinal games onward for the women, whereas the Basketball Arena was the setting for the preliminary rounds and the women's quarterfinals.

Qualification.

The National Olympic Committees may enter up to one 12-player men's team and up to one 12-player women's team.

Host.

Initially, basketball was the only team sport in which the host country was not automatically awarded a team in the tournament. This was because the British basketball teams did not exist until 2006, and hence FIBA, the world's regulatory body of basketball, was concerned about the future of the British national basketball teams after 2012, as well as the probable lack of competitiveness of the British teams. However, in a meeting held in Lyon, France, on 13 March 2011, the FIBA's executive board agreed to allow the two British teams to enter automatically after all.

Competition format.

Twelve qualified nations were drawn into two groups, each consisting of six teams. Each game result merits a corresponding point:  In case teams are tied on points, the tiebreaking criteria are, in order of first application:  The teams with the four best records qualified for the knockout stage, which was a single-elimination tournament. The semifinal winners contested for the gold medal, while the losers played for the bronze medal.

Men's competition.

The draw for the groups of the men's tournament was made on 30 April 2012. Included are the teams' FIBA World Rankings prior to the tournament.

Women's competition.

The draw for the groups of the women's tournament was made on 30 April 2012. Included are the teams' FIBA World Rankings before the tournament.

Referees.

The International Basketball Federation (FIBA) named the following 30 referees to officiate the basketball games at the 2012 Olympics.

Basketball at the 2012 Summer Olympics was the eighteenth appearance of the sport of basketball as an official Olympic medal event. It was held from 28 July to 12 August 2012. The preliminary matches and the women's quarterfinal matches were played in the new Basketball Arena in Olympic Park, which seated up to 12,000 spectators. The men's knockout games and the women's games, from semifinals onward were played in the North Greenwich Arena.

Bei den Olympischen Sommerspielen 2012 in der britischen Hauptstadt London wurden vom 28. Juli bis 12. August zwei Wettbewerbe im Basketball ausgetragen.


TIV 1.

The Tornado Intercept Vehicle 1 (TIV 1) is a heavily modified 1997 Ford F-Super Duty cab & chassis truck used as a storm chasing platform and built by Sean Casey. This heavily armored vehicle can drive into a weak to relatively strong tornado (EF0 to EF3) to film it and take measurements. Work began on the TIV in 2003 and took around eight months to finish, at a total cost of around US$81,000. TIV's armored shell consists of 1/8–1/4 inch steel plate welded to a two-inch square steel tubing frame. The windows are bullet resistant polycarbonate, measuring thick on the windshield and thick on the sides. The TIV weighs approximately fully loaded and is powered by a 7.3 litre Ford Powerstroke turbocharged diesel engine manufactured by Navistar-International, otherwise known as the International T444E. Four hydraulic claws are used to anchor the TIV during an intercept, these lower into the ground and grapple onto the ground anchoring it. The vehicle's speed was limited by the factory Ford PCM, giving it a top speed of. The TIV has a fuel capacity of, giving it a range of around. The TIV is featured in a series called "Storm Chasers" which began airing on the Discovery Channel in October 2007. TIV was succeeded in 2008 by TIV 2, but returned to service to finish out the 2008 storm chasing season after TIV 2 suffered mechanical problems. In a June 2011 interview with NPR's "All Things Considered", Casey said that TIV is still in service and is designated as the backup vehicle in the event TIV 2 breaks down during a shoot.

TIV 2.

Casey and his team developed and built the second Tornado Intercept Vehicle, dubbed TIV 2, to be featured in their next IMAX movie and the "Storm Chasers" series. Work began in September 2007 by forty welding students at the Great Plains Technology Center in Lawton, Oklahoma and was completed in time for the 2008 tornado chase season. TIV 2 was designed to address some of the problems experienced with the original TIV, namely its low ground clearance, lack of four-wheel drive, and low top speed. It is based on a Dodge Ram 3500 that was strengthened and converted to six-wheel drive by adding a third axle. After season two the six-wheel drive system was modified to four-wheel drive. It is powered by a 6.7-liter Cummins turbocharged diesel engine, modified with propane and water injection to produce. This gives TIV 2 an estimated top speed of over. Its fuel capacity is, giving TIV 2 an approximate range of. The body of TIV 2 is constructed of a 1/8-inch steel skin welded over a square tubing steel frame. The windows in TIV 2 are all bullet-resistant interlayered polycarbonate sheets and tempered glass. TIV 2 also features an IMAX filming turret similar to the one on the original TIV. The original TIV's somewhat cumbersome hydraulic claws were not used on TIV 2 in favor of six hydraulic skirts that drop down to deflect wind over the TIV to stabilize it and protect the underside from debris, and four hydraulically operated anchoring spikes.  TIV 2 debuted on the second season of "Storm Chasers", which began airing on the Discovery Channel in October 2008. Its initial performance did not go well, as it was plagued by mechanical failures, including several broken axles, which forced Casey to abandon TIV 2 and return to chasing in the original TIV until TIV 2's issues could be resolved. Although Casey hoped he would be back in TIV 2 before the end of the season, repairs and modifications on TIV 2 took longer than expected and Casey was shown on "Storm Chasers" ending the season in the original TIV.  In the fall of 2008, TIV 2 received several modifications, mostly focused on reducing the vehicle's weight. To achieve this, certain less crucial areas of TIV 2's armor were converted from steel to aluminum while more vital areas were reinforced with supplemental composite armor consisting of thin layers of steel, Kevlar, polycarbonate, and rubber. In all, the weight reduction measures brought TIV 2's weight down to. The safety systems were also improved, with the three front wind skirts being consolidated into one and new hydraulic stabilizing spikes to further increase stability in high winds. Other modifications included additional doors that provided every seat position with an exit (wind skirts up or down), and a redesigned IMAX turret with 50% more windows. The third axle was disconnected from the drive train, thus changing TIV2 to 6×4 from its 6×6 design. The third axle now acts as a brace for the vehicle's weight.  The TIV 2 appeared again in the fourth season of "Storm Chasers", and also in an episode of another Discovery Channel series, "Mythbusters", wherein both the TIV 2 and the SRV Dominator vehicle operated by Reed Timmer of TornadoVideos.Net were tested to determine their endurance to storm-force winds by being parked behind a Boeing 747 with the engines at full throttle. When tested at a wind speed of, the TIV 2 had the driver's door pulled open, though this was due to human error, as Casey forgot to lock the door prior to the test. When tested again at (equivalent to an EF5 tornado), the TIV 2 suffered no ill effects other than the anchoring spikes being slightly bent; the Dominator ended up being blown approximately, although it remained upright.  In 2011, a siren was added to the vehicle to allow the TIV 2 to act as a mobile warning system for civilians in the path of incoming tornadoes, after several incidents earlier that year where the TIV team was unable to effectively warn locals of the imminent danger of the tornadoes they were tracking, especially during the 2011 Super Outbreak. On April 27, 2011, the TIV 2 team intercepted an EF4 tornado that hit near Enterprise, Mississippi, while not in the path but 200 yards from it, it was the first tornado he shot with his new 3-Dimensional IMAX camera.  Casey removed the rear flap in early 2012 and built a new set of two hydraulic spikes that go into the ground during an intercept.  On May 27, 2013, TIV 2 intercepted a large tornado near Smith Center, Kansas. The vehicle was struck by large debris from a nearby farm and suffered damage to the roof-mounted anemometer and at least two breaches of the crew compartment when the roof hatch and one of the doors were compromised. Before the anemometer was disabled, it recorded winds of, placing the tornado in the EF3 to EF4 range.

Instrumentation.

Although primarily designed to shoot film from near or within tornadoes, the TIV's have at times been outfitted with meteorological instrumentation atop masts to complement the Doppler on Wheels (DOW) radar trucks of the Center for Severe Weather Research run by atmospheric scientist and inventor Joshua Wurman.

The Tornado Intercept Vehicle 1 (TIV 1) and Tornado Intercept Vehicle 2 (TIV 2) are vehicles used to film with an IMAX camera from very close to or within a tornado. They were designed by film director Sean Casey. On May 27, 2013, the TIV2 filmed the inside of a tornado in Kansas with Casey inside.

Das Tornado Intercept Vehicle, kurz TIV (deutsch: Tornado-Abfang-Fahrzeug) ist ein umgebautes Kraftfahrzeug, das zur Sturmjagd benutzt wird, um in der Nähe oder innerhalb eines Tornados mit einer IMAX-Kamera zu filmen. Das TIV und sein Nachfolger TIV2 wurden vom Filmregisseur Sean Casey geplant und gebaut.


Plot.

Act One (Germany). At the end of "Earth Spirit", Lulu was imprisoned for the murder of her third husband, Dr Schön. "Pandora's Box" opens with her confederates awaiting her arrival after she has been sprung from prison in an elaborate plot. The lesbian Countess Geschwitz, who remains in love with Lulu, has swapped identities with her and takes Lulu's place in prison, hoping that Lulu will love her in return. Rodrigo Quast, the acrobat, plans to take Lulu away with him as a circus performer but when she arrives, emaciated from the prison regime, he declares her unfit for his purposes. Alwa Schön, the writer, succumbs to her charms, despite her having murdered his father. They leave together.  Act Two (Paris). Lulu and Alwa, now married, are entertaining in their lavish home. All are profiting from investments in the Jungfrau cable-car company. Two characters attempt to blackmail her, since she is still wanted by the German police: Rodrigo the acrobat and Casti-Piani, a white slave-trader who offers to set her up in a brothel in Cairo. The sinister Schigolch, who was Lulu's first patron and may be her father, reappears, and by offering to lure Rodrigo and Geschwitz to his lodgings, promises to "take care of" the threatening Rodrigo. As the police arrive to arrest her, Lulu swaps clothes with a groom and escapes. The Jungfrau share price has meanwhile collapsed, leaving her penniless.  Act Three (London). Lulu is now living in a garret with Alwa and Schigolch and working as a prostitute. Geschwitz arrives with the rolled-up portrait of Lulu as an innocent Pierrot which has accompanied Lulu throughout the action of this play and its predecessor. Lulu's first client is the pious mute Mr Hopkins. Alwa is killed by her next visitor, the African prince Kungu Poti. Another client, the bashful Dr Hilti, flees in horror and Geschwitz tries unsuccessfully to hang herself. 'Jack' (putatively Jack the Ripper), her final client, argues with her about her fee. Geschwitz vows to return to Germany to matriculate and fight for women's rights. Jack murders Lulu and Geschwitz; the latter dies declaring eternal love for Lulu.

Reception.

The play has attracted a wide range of interpretations, from those who see it as misogynist to those who claim Wedekind as a harbinger of women's liberation. Central to these divergent readings is the ambiguous figure of Lulu herself. Each man in her life, secure in the patriarchal society to which she is a potential affront, finds in her what he wants to see; her own needs, meanwhile, remain obscured. And each man "lets her down because he is flawed by a blind disregard for her true self, an indifference that stems from that blend of self-centredness and self-interest which Wedekind (...) saw as typically male". Whether Lulu is victim or "femme fatale", the centre of gravity in this second play shifts in the direction of Geschwitz, whom Wedekind in his Preface to the 1906 edition describes as the "tragic central figure of the play" and holds up as an example of both "superhuman self-sacrifice" and spiritual strength in the face of the "terrible destiny of abnormality with which she is burdened".

References.

Notes Bibliography

Pandora's Box () is a 1904 play by the German dramatist Frank Wedekind. It forms the second part of his pairing of 'Lulu' plays, the first being "Earth Spirit" (1895), both of which depict a society "riven by the demands of lust and greed".

Die Büchse der Pandora ist eine Tragödie in drei Aufzügen von Frank Wedekind. Sie ist die Fortsetzung von Wedekinds Tragödie "Erdgeist". Beide Stücke wurden von Wedekind später als Bühnenfassung in einem Stück mit dem Titel "Lulu. Tragödie in 5 Aufzügen mit einem Prolog." zusammengefasst.


Club career.

Early career.

Born in Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, Williamson played six first-team games for Torquay United before joining Southampton in November 2001 for an initial fee believed to be in the region of £100,000. However, Williamson was unable to get into the first team at Southampton. He returned to Plainmoor on loan for two months in September 2003, where he made 11 further appearances. A further loan spell at Doncaster Rovers—then Third Division leaders—followed on transfer deadline day in March 2004, although he did not feature for the South Yorkshire club.

Wycombe Wanderers.

Wycombe Wanderers manager Tony Adams secured Williamson's services on a season-long loan in July 2004, a move that was made permanent at the end of the 2004–05 season. Williamson made the number 6 shirt his own from the start of the 2005–06 season. In total, he made 144 league appearances for Wycombe, scoring 11 league goals during his time at the club.

Watford.

After a few consistent seasons he signed for Watford on 26 January 2009 for an undisclosed fee, signing a three-and-a-half-year contract. He handed in a transfer request on 27 August 2009, declaring himself unfit for the away game at Swansea City on the Saturday and not travelling with the squad.

Portsmouth.

On 1 September 2009, Watford accepted a £2 million offer, potentially rising to £3 million, from Premier League team Portsmouth.

Newcastle United.

Williamson signed for Newcastle United on 27 January 2010 for an undisclosed fee. He made his debut the same day at St James' Park in a 2–0 win over Crystal Palace, in which he played the full 90 minutes and won the Man of the Match award in the process. On 28 January it was revealed that he was initially signed on an emergency loan deal in order for him to play the previous day, with the deal then finalised and Williamson signing a three-and-a-half-year contract. On 3 December 2010, Williamson signed a new five-and-a-half-year contract extension with the club, which ran until 2016. For the remainder of the season, he formed a reliable partnership with Fabricio Coloccini in the absence of the injured Steven Taylor.  With Newcastle's return to the Premier League, Williamson continued to be Coloccini's first-choice partner and managed to keep Taylor on the bench until an injury ended his run in the starting eleven. He made his comeback against Sunderland in the second matchday of the 2011–12 season but was ruled out again with consecutive arm and ankle injuries.  On 30 August 2014, Williamson scored his first goal for the club in a 3–3 home league draw against Crystal Palace, tapping the ball in after teammate Rolando Aarons struck the post.  On 3 May 2015, Williamson was sent off picking up a second yellow after a late challenge on Jamie Vardy, as Newcastle lost 3–0 to Leicester City, their eighth defeat in a row. After the match, Newcastle manager John Carver accused Williamson of deliberately getting himself sent off, which Williamson strongly denied.

Wolverhampton Wanderers (loan).

Having not featured in the league under new coach Steve McClaren, Williamson was loaned to Championship side Wolverhampton Wanderers on 29 October 2015 for one month to cover for the injured Kortney Hause. His debut came two days later in Wolves' next game, a 2–0 win away to rivals Birmingham City in which Williamson received the man of the match award. After making three appearances, over the course of which the club conceded just one goal and picked up four points, his loan was initially extended until January, but he was recalled after five appearances in total because of injuries at his parent club. However, Williamson immediately picked up an injury of his own which subsequently kept him out for the rest of 2015–16 season.

Wolverhampton Wanderers.

Despite his injury, on 29 January 2016, Williamson put pen to paper on an 18-month contract with Wolves after impressing during his earlier loan spell at the Midlands club, for a reported fee of £250,000. Williamson said upon signing for Wolves: "I loved my time here so that's why I'm here now. It's great to be back." However, persistent injury problems prevented him from making a single appearance that year and he was not assigned a squad number at the start of the 2016–17 season. He eventually made a return to football on 7 January 2017, making his first senior appearance for Wolves since signing permanently, in a 2–0 FA Cup away win against Stoke. Two months later he made his first league appearance, in a 2–1 defeat to Reading in which he was sent off for two yellow-card offences. His final appearance for the club came in a 3–1 defeat to Derby County at Pride Park on 29 April 2017.  After having made just six appearances across all competitions since signing permanently for the club, in spite of his expressed desire to stay, it was announced on 19 May 2017 that Williamson would be released by Wolves upon the expiry of his contract.

Oxford United.

Williamson signed for Oxford United of League One on 26 July 2017 on a one-year contract. He made his debut against Oldham Athletic in the opening match of the 2017–18 season, which ended in a 2–0 away victory for Oxford. He made 14 league appearances during the season, at the end of which he was released by newly appointed manager Karl Robinson.

Gateshead.

In August 2018, he signed a one-year contract with Gateshead. Williamson, like the majority of Gateshead's players and staff, did not have his contract renewed at the end of the season due to financial issues. He became a player-coach on 14 January 2019 after Ben Clark was appointed manager permanently.

Managerial career.

Williamson was appointed as player-manager of Gateshead on 11 June 2019 with Ian Watson as his assistant, after the club's demotion to the National League North.

Honours.

Torquay United  Wycombe Wanderers  Newcastle United

Michael James Williamson (born 8 November 1983) is an English professional football manager and player who plays as a centre back. He is the player-manager of club Gateshead.

Michael James „Mike“ Williamson (* 8. November 1983 in Stoke-on-Trent) ist ein englischer Fußballspieler, der bei Newcastle United unter Vertrag steht. Zurzeit ist er an die Wolverhampton Wanderers verliehen.


Background.

"Speechless" was written by Lady Gaga and produced by Ron Fair. Gaga explained in a November 2009 interview that her father, Joseph Germanotta, had a heart condition for approximately 15 years. She went on to say, "He has or he had a bad aortic valve, and his body for a very long time was only pumping a third of the blood that you're supposed to get every time his heart beat." She added: "My mom called me and I was very depressed. I was on tour and I couldn't leave, so I went into the studio and I wrote this song 'Speechless,' and it's about these phone calls. My dad used to call me after he'd had a few drinks and I wouldn't know what to say. I was speechless and I just feared that I would lose him and I wouldn't be there." The song was written as a plea for Germanotta to have the open-heart surgery he needed for his condition. In October 2009, Gaga confirmed that Germanotta had undergone the surgery. "My Daddy had open-heart surgery today. And after long hours, and lots of tears, they healed his broken heart, and mine," she announced through her official Twitter account. She stated that she hoped the song would inspire her younger fans to appreciate their parents. "I have a lot of fans who are really lovely, young, troubled fans, but I want to remind them that you only get one set of parents," she said.

Composition.

Musically, "Speechless" is a rock power ballad with influences of 1970s rock, blues rock, glam rock with a slight element of country music as well. The song's musical style has drawn comparisons to David Bowie during the "Ziggy Stardust" era, Queen and Pink. It consists of vocal harmonies and guitar riffs which, according to "PopMatters", are comparable to the work of Freddie Mercury and Queen. "Speechless" was recorded at Record Plant Studios, Los Angeles, California with all live instruments, such as drums, guitars and bass with Gaga playing piano and she described the recording process as "that really organic, delicious feeling". Along with the production works, Fair also did the arrangement and conduction for the recording, while Tal Herzberg played bass guitar and did the audio engineering of the track with Frank Wolff. Other musicians included Abraham Laboriel Jr. who played drums and John Goux on guitar. "Speechless" was mixed by Jack Joseph Puig while the audio mastering was done at Oasis Mastering, Burbank, California, by Gene Grimaldi. Personnel assisting the recording included Ryan Kennedy, Tal Oz and Joe Cory. "Speechless" is set in the time signature of common time, with a tempo of 76 beats per minute. It is composed in the key of C major, with Gaga's vocal range spanning between the high note of C to the low note of G. The song has a basic sequence of C–G/B–Am–G–F as its chord progression.

Critical reception.

"Speechless" received mixed reviews from critics. Kitty Empire of "The Observer" gave a negative review of the song, noting that ballads are Gaga's "weak point". Evan Sawdey of "PopMatters" noted similarities between the song and the music of Queen, adding, "Although the resulting tune doesn't have the same driving oomph of a peak-era Queen number, the imitation is admirable if not just for the fact that it manages to rub shoulders with such sacred company without once feeling like a gimmick." Sal Cinquemani of "Slant Magazine" called the song the lone "dud" from "The Fame Monster", "not because it's a bad song or poorly performed, but because, like on "The Fame", when [Gaga] does try to show her softer side, it comes off as a fraud—at least alongside the rest of her material." Stephen Thomas Erlewine from AllMusic felt that the song had a "galvanized Eurotrash finish" to it, comparing the guitar playing in the song to the work of Noel Gallagher, the lead guitarist of Oasis.  In 2017, "Billboard" ranked "Speechless" number 29 in its list "The 100 Best Deep Cuts by 21st Century Pop Stars", noting that the ballad "offered one of the first strong indicators of Gaga's aptitude as a traditional pianist-singer-songwriter" and in hindsight was a better indicator of her future career trajectory.

Chart performance.

Although it has not been released as a single, "Speechless" debuted on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart at ninety-four for the week of December 12, 2009. After the medley performance of the song at the 2010 Grammy Awards, "Speechless" topped the "Billboard" Hot Singles Sales chart, with sales of 7,000 units according to Nielsen Soundscan, becoming Gaga's third number-one single on this chart. It also shifted an additional 13,000 digital downloads to bubble under the main Hot Digital Songs chart. As of August 2010, the song has sold 197,000 downloads according to Nielsen Soundscan. "Speechless" also debuted on the "Billboard" Canadian Hot 100 at sixty-seven on the same issue. On the UK Singles Chart, "Speechless" entered the chart at number 106, due to downloads from "The Fame Monster". It left the chart the following week but re-entered at number 88 for the week of December 27, 2009. It has sold 60,000 digital downloads and acquired 3.38 million streams.

Live performances.

"Speechless" was performed for the first time at the 30th anniversary celebration for the Los Angeles Museum of Contemporary Art on November 14, 2009. Gaga performed the song on and at a pink Steinway & Sons piano decorated with painted-on butterflies. The song was performed while ballet dancers from the Bolshoi Theatre, who danced alongside Gaga in a performance art number directed by artist Francesco Vezzoli and members of Russia's Bolshoi Ballet Academy, titled "The Shortest Musical You Will Never See Again." It was performed at the 2009 American Music Awards. She coupled it with "Bad Romance" from "The Fame Monster". Gaga was dressed in a flesh-colored bodysuit wrapped with white piping, embedded with flashing lights imitating ribs and a spine. The performance started with "Bad Romance"; then she segued into "Speechless" by using her microphone stand to break open a glass box with a piano inside. She sat on the piano bench and began the performance, while her piano caught on fire. Throughout the song, she continued to smash liquor bottles on the piano. Both "Bad Romance" and "Speechless" were performed at "The Ellen DeGeneres Show" on November 25, 2009. Gaga performed the song at the "Royal Variety Performance", which was attended by Queen Elizabeth II. Gaga wore a red latex dress inspired by the Elizabethan era, and played a piano suspended ten feet in the air that was supported by stilts. On December 8, 2009, Gaga performed the song live at the launch party of Vevo in New York City. The musical accompaniment consisted only of Gaga on piano, who appeared with a gigantic platinum blonde hair bow. "Speechless" was present on the setlist of Gaga's Monster Ball Tour (2009–2011). During the original version of the concert series, "Speechless" came after performing an acoustic version of "Poker Face". Jane Stevenson from "Toronto Star" called the performance the emotional high point of the show. During the revamped Monster Ball shows, Gaga performed the song on a piano that was caught on fire, while wearing bra and knickers.  Gaga was the opening performer of the 52nd Annual Grammy Awards on January 31, 2010. She appeared in a green outfit with glittery shoulder pads. After performing "Poker Face", she was thrown into a flaming bin with the word "Rejected" written on it. Seconds later she re-appeared on stage joined by Elton John, with both of them covered in ashes. They sat at opposite sides of a double piano and sang the track as a medley with John's "Your Song". Ashley Laderer from "Billboard" named it Gaga's eleventh best live performance as of 2018, calling it "heartfelt". In April 2010, Gaga held a mini-concert in Japan for MAC Cosmetics, collaborating with Canadian performance artist, Terence Koh. Billed as "GagaKoh", the concert took place on a rotating stage where Koh had created a statue of a naked woman with rabbit ears. "Speechless" was one of the three songs Gaga performed at the event, besides "Bad Romance" and "Alejandro". In May 2011, Gaga performed a jazz version of the song during Radio 1's Big Weekend in Carlisle, Cumbria.  In April 2017, Gaga performed "Speechless" on the piano during both weekends of the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival, where she was one of the headliners. On the second show, she included a snippet of "Bad Romance" into her performance of "Speechless".

Credits and personnel.

Credits adapted from "The Fame Monster" album liner notes.

"Speechless" is a song written and performed by American singer Lady Gaga, from her third EP, "The Fame Monster". The song was written by Gaga to convince her father, Joseph Germanotta, to undergo open-heart surgery, in order to repair his malfunctioning aortic valve, and as a reminder for her younger fans to appreciate their parents. "Speechless" is described as Gaga's "Fear of Death Monster".

Speechless ist ein Lied der US-amerikanischen Pop-Sängerin Lady Gaga, das auf ihrem zweiten Album "The Fame Monster" veröffentlicht wurde. Produzent des Albums war Ron Fair.


History.

As port.

The first pier in the area appeared in 1625, when the Dutch West India Company founded an outpost here. With the influx of the first settlers, the area was quickly developed. One of the first and busiest streets in the area was today's Pearl Street, so named for a variety of coastal pearl shells. Due to its location, Pearl Street quickly gained popularity among traders. The East River was eventually narrowed. By the second half of the 17th century, the pier was extended to Water Street, then to Front Street, and by the beginning of the 19th century, to South Street. The pier was well reputed, as it was protected from the westerly winds and ice of the Hudson River.  In 1728, the Schermerhorn Family established trade with the city of Charleston, South Carolina. Subsequently, rice and indigo came from Charleston. At the time, the port was also the focal point of delivery of goods from England. In 1776, during the American Revolutionary War, the British occupied the port, adversely affecting port trade for eight years. In 1783, many traders returned to England, and most port enterprises collapsed. The port quickly recovered from the post-war crisis. From 1797 until the middle of 19th century, New York had the country's largest system of maritime trade. From 1815 to 1860 the port was called the Port of New York.  On February 22, 1784, the "Empress of China" sailed from the port to Guangzhou and returned to Philadelphia on May 15, 1785, bringing along, in its cargo, green and black teas, porcelain, and other goods. This operation marked the beginning of trade relations between the newly formed United States and the Qing Empire.  On January 5, 1818, the 424-ton transatlantic packet "James Monroe" sailed from Liverpool, opening the first regular trans-Atlantic voyage route, the Black Ball Line. Shipping on this route continued until 1878. Commercially successful transatlantic traffic has led to the creation of many competing companies, including the Red Star Line in 1822. Transportation significantly contributed to the establishment of the New York one of the centers of world trade.  One of the largest companies in the South Street Seaport area was the Fulton Fish Market, opened in 1822. The Tin Building opened within the market in 1907; it is one of two remaining structures from the market and the only one that is officially designated as a landmark. In 2005, it was moved to Hunts Point, Bronx.  In November 1825, the Erie Canal, located upstate, was opened. The canal, connecting New York to the western United States, facilitated the economic development of the city. However, for this reason, along with the beginning of the shipping era, there was a need to lengthen the piers and deepen the port.  On the night of December 17, 1835, a large fire in New York City destroyed 17 blocks, and many buildings in the South Street Seaport burned to the ground. Nevertheless, by the 1840s, the port recovered, and by 1850, it reached its heyday:  At its peak, the port hosted many commercial enterprises, institutions, ship-chandlers, workshops, boarding houses, saloons, and brothels. However, by the 1880s, the port began to be depleted of resources, space for the development of these businesses was diminishing, and the port became too shallow for newer ships. By the 1930s, most of the piers no longer functioned, and cargo ships docked mainly on ports on the West Side and in Hoboken. By the late 1950s, the old Ward Line docks, comprising Piers 15, 16, and part of 17, were mostly vacant.

As museum.

The South Street Seaport Museum was founded in 1967 by Peter and Norma Stanford. When originally opened as a museum, the focus of the Seaport Museum conservation was to be an educational historic site, with shops mostly operating as reproductions of working environments found during the Seaport's heyday.  In 1982, redevelopment began to turn the museum into a greater tourist attraction via development of modern shopping areas. The project was undertaken by the prominent developer James Rouse and modeled on the concept of a "festival marketplace," a leading revitalization strategy throughout the 1970s. On the other side of Fulton Street from Schermerhorn Row, the main Fulton Fish Market building, which had become a large plain garage-type structure, was rebuilt as an upscale shopping mall. Pier 17's old platforms were demolished and a new glass shopping pavilion raised in its place, which opened in August 1983.  The original intent of the Seaport development was the preservation of the block of buildings known as Schermerhorn Row on the southwest side of Fulton Street, which were threatened with neglect or future development, at a time when the history of New York City's sailing ship industry was not valued, except by some antiquarians. Early historic preservation efforts focused on these buildings and the acquisition of several sailing ships. Almost all buildings and the entire Seaport neighborhood are meant to transport the visitor back in time to New York's mid-19th century, to demonstrate what life in the commercial maritime trade was like. Docked at the Seaport are a few historical sailing vessels, including the "Wavertree". A section of nearby Fulton Street is preserved as cobblestone and lined with shops, bars, and restaurants. The Bridge Cafe, which claims to be "The Oldest Drinking Establishment in New York" is in a building that formerly housed a brothel.  In late October 2012, Hurricane Sandy heavily damaged the Seaport. Tidal floods of up to deep inundated much of the Seaport, causing extensive damage that forced an end to plans to merge the Seaport Museum with the Museum of the City of New York. Many of the businesses closed, and the remaining businesses suffered from a severe drop in business after the storm. The South Street Seaport Museum re-opened in December 2012. The Howard Hughes Corporation, announced that it would tear down the Seaport's most prominent shopping area, Pier 17, as part of a broader redevelopment of the neighborhood. The new pier contains retail, restaurants, and a rooftop performance venue. It reopened in July 2018. Subsequently, the Tin Building was raised and relocated east in a project that started in 2018, with an expected completion date of 2021.

Constituent parts.

Ownership and management of Pier 17.

Pier 17 is currently owned and managed by Howard Hughes Corporation. Formerly, it was run by General Growth Properties, which acquired Pier 17's longtime owner, The Rouse Company, in 2004. As part of its restructuring, General Growth spun off the Howard Hughes Corporation.

Historic South Street Seaport neighborhood.

Peck Slip, which occupies the area between present-day Water and South streets, served as an active docking place for boats until 1810, and even served as a temporary hideout for George Washington and his troops in April 1776 when they fled from the Battle of Long Island. Then, in 1838, the first steam-powered vessel to make a transatlantic voyage, the "S.S. Great Western", docked in Peck’s Slip to the cheers of a quickly growing crowd of onlookers. Today, the center "island" of the street serves as an open space for the community with Brooklyn Bridge views. Often displaying public art installations and gatherings, such as fairs and concerts. Peck Slip is also home to the neighborhood's K-5 elementary school The Peck Slip School, P.S. 343. In 2018, plans were revealed for the redevelopment of the parking lot at 250 Water Street, across from the school.

Museum.

Designated by Congress in 1998 as one of several museums which together make up "America's National Maritime Museum", South Street Seaport Museum sits in a 12 square-block historic district that is the site of the original port of New York City. The Museum has over of exhibition space and educational facilities. It houses exhibition galleries, a working 19th-century print shop, an archeology museum, a maritime library, a craft center, a marine life conservation lab, and the largest privately owned fleet of historic ships in the country.

Shopping mall and tourist attraction.

At the Seaport, a mall and tourism center is built on Pier 17 on the East River. It was reconstructed in the 2010s and reopened in June 2018. Decks outside on pier 15 allow views of the East River, Brooklyn Bridge, and Brooklyn Heights. The Paris Cafe, within the South Street Seaport historic area, is claimed to be one of the oldest bars in New York City.  At the entrance to the Seaport is the "Titanic" Memorial lighthouse.

ESPN studios.

Sports broadcaster ESPN opened a radio and television studio at Pier 17 in April 2018, covering.

Ships in the port.

The museum has five vessels docked permanently or semi-permanently, four of which have formal historical status.  Legend:  The "Pioneer" and "W. O. Decker" operate during favorable weather.

Transportation.

South Street Seaport is served by the New York City Bus routes.  New York Water Taxi directly serves South Street Seaport on Fridays, weekends, and holidays during the summer, while other New York Water Taxi, NYC Ferry, and SeaStreak ferries serve the nearby ferry slip at Pier 11/Wall Street daily.  The Fulton Street/Fulton Center station complex () is the closest New York City Subway station. A new subway station, provisionally called Seaport, has been proposed as part of the unfunded Phase 4 of the Second Avenue Subway. Although this station will be located only 3 blocks from the Fulton Street station, there are no plans for a free transfer between them.

The South Street Seaport is a historic area in the New York City borough of Manhattan, centered where Fulton Street meets the East River, and adjacent to the Financial District. The Seaport is a designated historic district, and is distinct from the neighboring Financial District. It is part of Manhattan Community Board 1 in Lower Manhattan, and is bounded by the Financial District to the west, southwest, and north; the East River to the southeast; and Two Bridges to the northeast.

South Street Seaport ist ein weitgehend denkmalgeschütztes Quartier bzw. Viertel im New Yorker Stadtbezirk Manhattan, wo die Fulton Street auf den East River trifft.


History.

In the year 1935, the poet Pascual Guerrero asked the department to build a stadium on the grounds that the offering. On 20 July 1937, construction was completed, and the facility opened with the name "Estadio Departamental". President Alfonso López Pumarejo was present when the stadium was inaugurated with a quadrangular tournament between the countries of Argentina, Cuba, Mexico and Colombia. The opening of the stadium coincided with celebrations to mark the fourth centenary of the founding of Cali. Subsequently, on November 4, 1957, the government of the Valle del Cauca ceded to the Universidad del Valle the lands that comprise the entire sports complex, a gift ratified by the Ministry of Government.  In 1948 the first game of professional football was played at the stadium, and in 1954 the stadium was home to the National Sports Games VII. It was remodeled and expanded, with Olympic swimming pools built, and consequently renamed "Sports Complex San Fernando".  With the appointment of Cali to the realisation of the VI Pan American Games, in 1967 the stadium was restructured and adapted to Olympic standards of the time, that's why he built a track of 8 lanes developed in Tartan Synthetic, Pit and spaces testing for shot put and hammer, long jump and pole vault. The capacity was expanded to accommodate 45,000 spectators, and also added was conditioned lights and an electronic bulletin board. With reform, the Sports Unit of San Fernando was built for the 1954 National Games, it becomes part of the Pan American Sports Unit that would host in 1971 the VI Pan American Games.  On the occasion of the 1995 Pacific Ocean Games some physical renovations were approved, including its Synthetic Tartan track, which was replaced in its entirety according to the requirements for competitions to be held in the year 1995.  Due to the deterioration of the north grandstand of the stadium it was closed for several years until in 1999 began its remodeling. In 2000 further renovations were approved at its facilities where it takes special emphasis on the study of structural, locational problems are corrected as well as space for the sporting community and the grass and drainage of the field is completely replaced, all this to host games of the Copa America to be held next year. In 2005, due to the organization for version 43 of the South American Championships in Athletics, the synthetic track is repaired in several sections, this time using a material approved by the International Athletics Federation IAAF named Sport Flex. This confirms the track federation and accepted as official new brands that are presented.  Since October 2006, on the occasion of hosting again the National Games of 2008, began work on tracks, fields, pools and arenas.  In 2009 it designed an expensive remodeling of the World Cup U-20, 2011 to be held in Colombia. The study said there was seats built throughout the stadium, improved dressing rooms, boxes built in the eastern grandstand, VIP areas in western line by a big screen or an electronic board and also some underground parking in the south grandstand. On December 10 of the same year the works were officially inaugurated with the presence of the mayor and the president of Coldeportes. The works started in the south grandstand and lasted 16 months. The stadium capacity was increased to 45,312-seated stadium spectators.  The remodeling work finished in time for the 2011 U-20 World Cup and it consisted of a series of Calatrava trusses supporting a membrane or fabric structure. The design of the fabric was performed by Arq. Roberto Muñoz, now with Dunn Mexico, and the design of the structural steel Calatrava trusses was performed by structural engineer Marco Cano with Fractal Structural Engineering.

Events.

Sports.

In stage Matches are played regularly Hervey, Copa Sudamericana and Copa Libertadores, which until 2009 was home to teams in the region Deportivo Cali and América.  The stadium has hosted the VI Pan American Games and the National Games on several occasions, the Games of the Pacific Ocean and home to Cali 1995 South American Championships in Athletics 2005.  During the Copa America 2001 it was the headquarters of the group B. A total of six games were played between the national teams of Brazil, Paraguay, Peru and Mexico. These matches were held between July 11 and July 17 of 2001.  The stadium is also the training site and home for Liga Vallecaucana School and Intercollegiate Games.

Cultural Music.

The more traditional music event that takes place in the stadium is the Super Concert, in which different bands and invited singers perform at the annual celebration named Feria de Cali, which is held between the 25th to the 30th of December. During the eighties, there was a big concert named "Festival de Orquestas" of La Feria de Cali, which for a whole day had different orchestras playing for about 12 hours.  Also, the stadium is the main stage of national and international artists. Juanes, Maná, Shakira, Soda Estereo, Marc Anthony, Gloria Estefan, David Gilmour and Roger Daltrey are some of the artists that have performed at the stadium. Vicente Fernandez is scheduled to perform at the stadium during his Mi Despedida World Tour.  Various Christian events have also been held at the venue, including a two-day 'Miracle Crusade' with Nigerian Pastor T.B. Joshua in 2014.

Facilities.

The stadium is divided into seven stands for sporting events (in order from lowest to highest ct):

Location and Access Routes.

The stadium is located in the San Fernando traditional neighborhood in central-south of the city, between the traditional Fifth Street (Calle 5a) and Roosevelt Avenue (Calle 6a). Next to the stage of the Evangelista Mora gym arena, the Alberto Galindo Olympic Pools and form the so-called San Fernando Sports Unit also known as Pan American Sports Unit.  Access from the South or North of the city is Fifth Street, which passes a backbone of Mass Transit System MIO and has a station right in front of Parque de las Banderas. From the south you can get to the stadium along the Avenue of the Hippodrome (Better known as Ninth Street), going through the intersection of the Diagonal 34 to Roosevelt Avenue, which restricts access of vehicles during the course of the event.  Near the south stand is the "Booth Maria" ballots authorized outlets. The stadium has no parking, but often used is the street and surrounding streets to park cars, with no particular formal surveillance.

The Estadio Olimpico Pascual Guerrero is a football stadium, also used for athletics, concerts and rugby sevens, in Santiago de Cali, Colombia which is named to honor the poet Pascual Guerrero. The stadium and the sports complex that surrounds it were, from the 1950s to the 1970s, one of the finest and most modern sports complexes in Latin America, and led to references of Cali as the "Sports Capital of America".

Das Estadio Olímpico Pascual Guerrero ist ein Fußballstadion im kolumbianischen Cali. Es bietet Platz für 33.130 Zuschauer. Zurzeit wird das Stadion von den örtlichen Vereinen América de Cali und Atlético FC (vorher Dépor FC) genutzt.


Early life and career.

Primorac spent his childhood in Split, Croatia. He was born in Banja Luka (Bosnia and Herzegovina) but his family, originally from the region between Ljubuški and Vrgorac, soon moved to Split where he graduated from elementary and high school

Education.

Dragan Primorac graduated from the University of Zagreb, Split Medical School in 1991. The same year he emigrated to the United States where he worked several years as a postdoctoral fellow and later also as an instructor at the University of Connecticut Medical School. He defended his doctoral dissertation, entitled „Osteogenesis Imperfecta as a Result of Faulty Processing of Messenger RNA“, in 1997 at the University of Zagreb, Medical School (results were obtained at the University of Connecticut Medical School in Farmington, CT, USA). He was also trained at the Connecticut State Police Forensic Science Laboratory, Meriden, the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Rockville, the Analytical Genetic Testing Center, Inc., Denver, the University hospital St. Christopher's, Allegheny University, Philadelphia, and the Roche Molecular Systems, Alameda, all in the United States.

Career in science and education.

Primorac serves as an adjunct professor at Eberly College of Science, The Pennsylvania State University, and Henry C. Lee College of Criminal Justice and Forensic Sciences, University of New Haven, and as a professor at School of Medicine, University of Split and School of Medicine, University of Osijek as well as at Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, in Croatia. In 2016 he was appointed as a visiting professor at the College of Medicine and Forensics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, People’s Republic of China. Primorac is a fellow of the American Academy of Forensic Science, a member of the American Society of Human Genetics, Honorary member of International Crime Analysis Association and the Croatian Society for Osteogenesis Imperfecta.  Primorac was a longtime member of the Government Office for Detained and Missing Persons and served as a member of the Council for Technology at the previous Ministry of Science and Technology of the Republic of Croatia before 2003 when he became a government minister. For two years (2000–2002) he was the main coordinator of an international project supported by Promega, which brought together six European countries with the aim of applying and analyzing new DNA methods for the purpose of identification. Primorac is the founder of the American-European School for Clinical and Forensic Genetics which is being held bi-annually in Croatia and co-founder of the International Society of Applied Biological Sciences. Moreover, for the years 2003, 2005, 2011, 2013, 2015, 2017, 2019 the U.S. Mayo Clinic, is actively participating in the work of this Congress as a co-organizer (until now about 5700 scientists from nearly 74 countries have participated in the work of the Congress. Since 2007 ISABS (International Society of Applied Biological Sciences) become the organizer of the Congress, whose official journal is "Croatian Medical Journal".  He authored close to 200 scientific papers and abstracts in clinical and molecular medicine, genetics, forensic science, population genetics, genetic legacy of Homo sapiens and education, science and technology policy. Currently, he has a particular interest in metabolic bone and cartilage disorders, sports medicine as well as in personalized and regenerative medicine. He is the author of the original results on the genetic origins of the Europeans with a special focus on the South Eastern European population. Several renowned media outlets, both electronic and print, have reported on the results of his research work, such as the New York Times, USA Today, Chicago Tribune, Hartford Courant, JAMA, Lancet, Science, NBC, Channel 8 (Connecticut TV Station), etc. Primorac worked at the Clinic for Pediatrics and served for several years (1996–2001) as the head of the Laboratory for Clinical and Forensic Genetics, both at Split Clinical Hospital. He was also director of the Polyclinic " Holy Spirit II " in Zagreb while currently, he is President of the Board of Trustees of the St. Catherine Hospital. During 1992/1993 Primorac and Simun Andelinovic founded the Laboratory for Clinical and Forensic Genetics at the Clinical Hospital in Split. That laboratory was the first in the region where identification of war victims discovered in mass graves by DNA technology took place. For their efforts, they won a joint Award of the City of Split in 1995.  Primorac received 21 domestic and international awards including Mary E. Cowan Outstanding Service Award awarded by the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, The Young Investigator Award of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, the Michael Geisman Fellowship Award of the Osteogenesis Imperfecta Foundation, the Life Time Achievement Award by the Henry C. Lee College of Criminal Justice and Forensic Sciences, The Award of the Italian Region Veneto for Special Achievements in Promoting Science in the EU, the University of New Haven’s International Award for Excellence, Presidential Award by the President of the International Association of Forensic Sciences for his contribution given to forensic sciences. In 2015 he has been awarded The State Science Award (the most prestigious national recognition by the Parliament of the Republic of Croatia) for his outstanding contribution to a biomedical science and received “The Order of Croatian Star with the Effigy of Ruđer Bošković“ decoration, from the President of the Republic of Croatia for his extraordinary achievements in science. In June of 2018., the President of the Republic of Croatia awarded Primorac with the Order of Ante Starčević for his extraordinary achievements in the field of science, education, and politics, as well as for his contributions to the development of the Republic of Croatia.

Politics.

Primorac became a politician as a member of Croatian Government, serving as the Minister of Science, Education and Sports between 2003 and 2009. He completed his first term (2003–2007) without any party affiliation. According to the International Republican Institute survey of October 1, 2007, he was rated as the most successful minister in the Croatian Government with 31% approval rate.  Primorac was at first not a member of a political party, before he joined the Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) in September 2007. At the Croatian parliamentary election, 2007, he ran as a candidate of HDZ in the 11th electoral unit (the so-called Croatian diaspora list), and their list won almost 82% of the votes. After elections he did not join the Parliament and was named a minister again in January 2008. Because of proposed reduction of the budget for the Ministry of education, science and sports, and especially due to the canceling the project of free textbooks and free transport for pupils of primary and secondary schools in Croatia he announced his resignation. He resigned on July 7, 2009. Soon after, he made an unprecedented move, and he gave up his seat in the Croatian parliament to the Party. The Party then gave the seat to Goran Maric, who replaced Primorac while he was minister. On November 9, 2009, Primorac formally announced his candidacy in the Croatian presidential election, 2009. He was subsequently summarily removed from HDZ membership. In the first round of the election he won 5.93% of the vote and did not qualify for the second round.  Primorac entered the first government of Ivo Sanader in December 2003. Primorac's commitment to build a society based on knowledge and to acknowledge the key role of education and science has been reflected in a growing investment into the education and science system, with the budget increase between 2004 and 2009 totaling 56% (€ EUR 600,000,000). At the same time an additional (approx. €600,000,000) have been approved and used for building University Campuses in Croatia. Within the education and science system, over 9,900 new jobs have been created since 2004 in order to ensure optimum implementation of reforms. All together it represents the biggest investment in the education and science sector as well as the largest creation of jobs in this sector in the recent history of Croatia  In 2005, the Ministry of Education under Primorac started a project called the Croatian national education standard for elementary schools ("HNOS") which was supposed to be applied in all schools in 2006, but was applied during 2007. He also completed one of the most important projects during his term: Implementation of two foreign languages in Croatian primary schools.  Primorac proposed the National Programme of Measures for the Implementation of Compulsory Secondary Education to Croatian Parliament, based on Article 80 Constitution of the Republic of Croatia. During its session on June 21, 2007, Parliament adopted the program as the optimal model to solve the problems of poor education structure of Croatian population, and the frequency of early school dropouts.  Within the National Programme of Measures for the Implementation of Compulsory Secondary Education, a series of incentives, such as free textbooks, free transport and housing in student dormitories have been offered to make secondary education accessible to everyone. In 2006, Minister Primorac introduced the concept of free textbooks and announced that all pupils of elementary schools and pupils of the first class of secondary schools will have their schoolbooks funded by the Government. On May 12, 2009, Primorac announced that the Ministry reached a deal with the publishers of schoolbooks in Croatia so that the Government would pay for the schoolbooks of all classes (including second, third and fourth grades of secondary schools), for the sum of 440 million kunas, the same prices as the year before.  During 2008 he introduced for the first time in Croatia, independent external evaluation of education “National exams”, while in 2009, he launched the State Matura (national standard tests equal to SAT) for all students who are planning to continue their education in Universities.  Under his leadership, the Ministry also applied the Bologna process in the academic year 2005/2006.  Within the area of a science project for the return of Croatian scientists from abroad was started and since 2004 over 120 scientists have returned to Croatia. The programme Unity through Knowledge yielded approximately 40 competitive research projects with returnee and Diaspora (Croatian professionals working abroad) participation.  On June 16, 2009, weekly magazine "Nacional" announced that “Primorac will soon become the first minister in the history of Croatia to resign at the peak of his political career”. On July 1, 2009 he resigned together with Ivo Sanader, although the media had reported him planning to resign several weeks prior to the abrupt departure of Sanader. Primorac also gave back his Parliament seat to the party, and was replaced by Goran Marić. In the newly formed government of Jadranka Kosor, he was replaced by his former state-secretary Radovan Fuchs, who reversed the Primorac’s free schoolbook policy in his first week in office.  The award for numerous efforts made in the Croatian educational system is the survey of the famous Newsweek which rated Croatia 22nd in education ahead of 12 countries from the G20 group.

Sport activities.

While he was living in Split he was trained in soccer clubs NK Split, HNK Hajduk and NK Solin, as well as track and field in the athletic club “Split 80” (today Hajduk). On November 17. 1987 he founded the Tae kwon do club “Kocunar” and since then he is president of the club. Shortly thereafter, Robert Prusac, vice-president and Mile Mamic, second vice-president joined the club. Since 1987 more than 6000 participants have been trained in the Club, and many of them won a number of medals in national and international competitions. During the General Assembly of the European Olympic Committee (December 3-4, 2004.) he was awarded Silver medal for his contribution to sports. In 2015. Primorac was inducted into the Taekwondo Hall of Fame based in United Status. In 2020. he was awarded WTE Gold Medal by Mr. Sakis Pragalos, taekwondo Europe president.

Humanitarian work.

Primorac has participated in numerous humanitarian activities all around the world. Currently, he is president of Charity Foundation Cro Unum and he is member of Advisory Board of American International Relief Organization, Bridge Foundation

Dragan Primorac (born June 7, 1965) is a Croatian physician, geneticist and forensic scientist. He is the first recipient of the title “Global Penn State University Ambassador”. Currently, he serves as the Chair of the International Affairs Committee of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences and as President of the International Society for Applied Biological Sciences. He is a member of the International Consortium for Personalised Medicine Executive Committee (IC PerMEd) established by The European Commission. In November 2015 he was elected to lead the State competitiveness cluster in personalized medicine while in 2018 he was elected to lead the Croatian Society for Human Genetics and in 2019 the Croatian Society for Personalised Medicine.

Dragan Primorac (* 7. Juni 1965 in Banja Luka) ist ein kroatischer Arzt, Kinderarzt, Genetiker und Forensiker. Er ist Professor an der Penn State University und der University of New Haven sowie an medizinischen Fakultäten in Split und Osijek und Universitäten in Rijeka und Xi'an Jiaotong University, College of Medicine and Forensics in China. Er ist Mitgründer der forensischen Abteilung, Mitgründer der Universität in Split und Vorstandsvorsitzender des Spezialkrankenhauses St. Katarina. Von Dezember 2003 bis Juli 2009 war er kroatischer Minister für Wissenschaft, Bildung und Sport.


Playing career.

Fabbri was born in Castel Bolognese. During his club career, he played for several teams. He made his career debut with Imola in 1938, and he moved to Forlì (1939–40) the next season, later playing for Atalanta (1940–42, 1947–50) for two seasons, and subsequently with Inter (1942–43, 1945–46), and Faenza (1944), returning to Inter for a season in 1945. He moved to play with Sampdoria during the 1946–47 season, before returning to Atalanta for three seasons. He also later played for Brescia (1950–51), and Parma (1951–55), also winning the 1953–54 Serie C title. He ended his career with Mantova F.C. (1955–57). He also made one appearance for the Italian youth side in 1942.

Managerial career.

After retiring from football, Fabbri began a coaching career with Mantova in 1957, in Serie D, the team with which he had retired as a player. During his four years with the club, he took the club to Serie A during the 1961–62 season, winning the 1957–58 Serie D and the 1958–59 Serie C titles. In 1962, he was awarded the "Seminatore d'Oro" award for best coach, and he was subsequently appointed the head coach of the Italian national side.  Fabbri was the head coach of the Italy national football team from 1962 to 1966, with a record of 18 wins, 6 draws and 5 losses, and led the team in the 1966 FIFA World Cup, where they were eliminated in the first round after surprisingly losing to North Korea; Fabbri was let go following Italy's elimination from the 1966 World Cup.  During his career, he also coached Torino (1967–69, 1974–75), Bologna (1969–72), Ternana (1976), Reggiana (1982–83) and Pistoiese (1980–81), helping the club to a Serie A spot. With Torino, he won a Coppa Italia in 1968, and he also won a second Coppa Italia title with Bologna, as well as the Anglo-Italian League Cup, in 1970.

Death.

Fabbri died at Castel San Pietro Terme on 8 July 1995.

Edmondo Fabbri (16 November 1921 – 8 July 1995) was an Italian football player and coach; a fast player, he mainly played as a winger.

Edmondo Fabbri (* 16. November 1921 in Castel Bolognese (RA); † 8. Juli 1995 in Castel San Pietro Terme (BO)) war ein italienischer Fußballspieler und -trainer. Von 1962 bis 1966 trainierte er die italienische Nationalmannschaft.