import json
import numpy as np
import networkx as nx
from collections import Counter, defaultdict
import random
import scipy.sparse as sp
from scipy.sparse.linalg import eigsh
import sys
import os

try:
    import community as community_louvain
except ImportError:
    print("Warning: python-louvain package not found. Installing...")
    import subprocess
    subprocess.check_call([sys.executable, "-m", "pip", "install", "python-louvain"])
    import community as community_louvain

def load_graph_from_json(json_file):
    """Load graph from a JSON file with nodes."""
    nodes = []
    
    try:
        # First try to parse as a single JSON array or object
        with open(json_file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            content = f.read().strip()
            try:
                data = json.loads(content)
                if isinstance(data, list):
                    nodes = data
                else:
                    nodes = [data]
            except json.JSONDecodeError:
                # Reset and try parsing line by line
                nodes = []
                with open(json_file, 'r') as f:
                    for line in f:
                        line = line.strip()
                        if line:  # Skip empty lines
                            try:
                                node_data = json.loads(line)
                                nodes.append(node_data)
                            except json.JSONDecodeError:
                                continue
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Error loading graph: {e}")
        return []
    
    return nodes

def build_networkx_graph(nodes):
    """Build a NetworkX graph from the loaded node data."""
    G = nx.Graph()
    
    # Add nodes with attributes
    for node in nodes:
        G.add_node(
            node['node_id'],
            label=node['label'],
            text=node['text'],
            mask=node['mask']
        )
    
    # Add edges
    for node in nodes:
        node_id = node['node_id']
        for neighbor_id in node['neighbors']:
            if G.has_node(neighbor_id):  # Only add edge if both nodes exist
                G.add_edge(node_id, neighbor_id)
    
    return G

def analyze_graph_properties(G):
    """Analyze the properties of the graph as specified in the requirements."""
    properties = {}
    
    # Mask distribution (Train/Validation/Test)
    masks = [G.nodes[n]['mask'] for n in G.nodes]
    mask_distribution = Counter(masks)
    properties['mask_distribution'] = {k: v/len(G.nodes) for k, v in mask_distribution.items()}
    
    # Label distribution
    labels = [G.nodes[n]['label'] for n in G.nodes]
    label_distribution = Counter(labels)
    properties['label_distribution'] = {k: v/len(G.nodes) for k, v in label_distribution.items()}
    
    # Graph density
    properties['density'] = nx.density(G)
    
    # Degree distribution
    degrees = [d for n, d in G.degree()]
    degree_counts = Counter(degrees)
    properties['degree_distribution'] = {k: v/len(G.nodes) for k, v in degree_counts.items()}
    
    # Community structure (using Louvain algorithm)
    try:
        communities = community_louvain.best_partition(G)
        community_counts = Counter(communities.values())
        properties['community_distribution'] = {k: v/len(G.nodes) for k, v in community_counts.items()}
    except:
        properties['community_distribution'] = {}
    
    # Spectral characteristics
    if len(G) > 1:
        try:
            laplacian = nx.normalized_laplacian_matrix(G)
            if sp.issparse(laplacian) and laplacian.shape[0] > 1:
                try:
                    k = min(5, laplacian.shape[0]-1)
                    if k > 0:
                        eigenvalues = eigsh(laplacian, k=k, which='SM', return_eigenvectors=False)
                        properties['spectral_eigenvalues'] = sorted(eigenvalues.tolist())
                    else:
                        properties['spectral_eigenvalues'] = []
                except:
                    properties['spectral_eigenvalues'] = []
            else:
                properties['spectral_eigenvalues'] = []
        except:
            properties['spectral_eigenvalues'] = []
    else:
        properties['spectral_eigenvalues'] = []
    
    # Connectivity characteristics
    properties['connected_components'] = nx.number_connected_components(G)
    largest_cc = max(nx.connected_components(G), key=len)
    properties['largest_cc_ratio'] = len(largest_cc) / len(G.nodes)
    
    return properties

def sample_graph_preserving_properties(G, percentage, original_properties):
    """Sample a percentage of nodes while preserving graph properties."""
    num_nodes = len(G.nodes)
    num_nodes_to_sample = max(1, int(num_nodes * percentage / 100))
    
    # If the graph is too small, just return it
    if num_nodes <= num_nodes_to_sample:
        return G, {n: n for n in G.nodes}
    
    # 1. Preserve label and mask distribution (top priority per requirements)
    mask_label_groups = defaultdict(list)
    for node in G.nodes:
        mask = G.nodes[node]['mask']
        label = G.nodes[node]['label']
        mask_label_groups[(mask, label)].append(node)
    
    # Calculate how many nodes to sample from each mask-label group
    group_counts = {}
    for (mask, label), nodes in mask_label_groups.items():
        mask_ratio = original_properties['mask_distribution'].get(mask, 0)
        label_ratio = original_properties['label_distribution'].get(label, 0)
        
        # Calculate joint probability
        joint_ratio = mask_ratio * label_ratio / sum(
            original_properties['mask_distribution'].get(m, 0) * 
            original_properties['label_distribution'].get(l, 0)
            for m in original_properties['mask_distribution']
            for l in original_properties['label_distribution']
        )
        
        target_count = int(num_nodes_to_sample * joint_ratio)
        # Ensure at least one node from non-empty groups
        group_counts[(mask, label)] = max(1, target_count) if nodes else 0
    
    # Adjust to match the exact sample size
    total_count = sum(group_counts.values())
    if total_count != num_nodes_to_sample:
        diff = num_nodes_to_sample - total_count
        groups = list(group_counts.keys())
        
        if diff > 0:
            # Add nodes to groups proportionally to their size
            group_sizes = [len(mask_label_groups[g]) for g in groups]
            group_probs = [s/sum(group_sizes) for s in group_sizes]
            
            for _ in range(diff):
                group = random.choices(groups, weights=group_probs)[0]
                if len(mask_label_groups[group]) > group_counts[group]:
                    group_counts[group] += 1
        else:
            # Remove nodes from groups with excess
            groups_with_excess = [(g, c) for g, c in group_counts.items() 
                                 if c > 1 and c > len(mask_label_groups[g]) * 0.2]
            groups_with_excess.sort(key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
            
            for i in range(min(-diff, len(groups_with_excess))):
                group_counts[groups_with_excess[i][0]] -= 1
    
    # 2. Sample nodes from each group, prioritizing connectivity and community structure
    sampled_nodes = []
    
    # First try to get community structure
    try:
        communities = community_louvain.best_partition(G)
    except:
        communities = {node: 0 for node in G.nodes}  # Fallback if community detection fails
    
    # Sample from each mask-label group
    for (mask, label), count in group_counts.items():
        candidates = mask_label_groups[(mask, label)]
        
        if len(candidates) <= count:
            # Take all nodes in this group
            sampled_nodes.extend(candidates)
        else:
            # Score nodes based on degree and community representation
            node_scores = {}
            for node in candidates:
                # Higher score for higher degree nodes (connectivity)
                degree_score = G.degree(node) / max(1, max(d for n, d in G.degree()))
                
                # Higher score for nodes in underrepresented communities
                comm = communities.get(node, 0)
                comm_sampled = sum(1 for n in sampled_nodes if communities.get(n, -1) == comm)
                comm_total = sum(1 for n in G.nodes if communities.get(n, -1) == comm)
                comm_score = 1 - (comm_sampled / max(1, comm_total))
                
                # Combined score (prioritize connectivity slightly more)
                node_scores[node] = 0.6 * degree_score + 0.4 * comm_score
            
            # Sort candidates by score and select the top ones
            sorted_candidates = sorted(candidates, key=lambda n: node_scores.get(n, 0), reverse=True)
            sampled_nodes.extend(sorted_candidates[:count])
    
    # 3. Create the sampled subgraph
    sampled_G = G.subgraph(sampled_nodes).copy()
    
    # 4. Improve connectivity if needed
    if nx.number_connected_components(sampled_G) > original_properties['connected_components']:
        # Try to improve connectivity by swapping nodes
        non_sampled = [n for n in G.nodes if n not in sampled_nodes]
        
        # Calculate betweenness centrality for non-sampled nodes
        betweenness = {}
        for node in non_sampled:
            # Count how many different components this node would connect
            neighbors = list(G.neighbors(node))
            sampled_neighbors = [n for n in neighbors if n in sampled_nodes]
            
            if not sampled_neighbors:
                continue
                
            components_connected = set()
            for n in sampled_neighbors:
                for comp_idx, comp in enumerate(nx.connected_components(sampled_G)):
                    if n in comp:
                        components_connected.add(comp_idx)
                        break
            
            betweenness[node] = len(components_connected)
        
        # Sort non-sampled nodes by how many components they would connect
        connector_nodes = [(n, b) for n, b in betweenness.items() if b > 1]
        connector_nodes.sort(key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
        
        # Try to improve connectivity by swapping nodes
        for connector, _ in connector_nodes:
            # Find a node to swap out (prefer low degree nodes from well-represented groups)
            mask = G.nodes[connector]['mask']
            label = G.nodes[connector]['label']
            
            # Find nodes with the same mask and label
            same_group = [n for n in sampled_nodes 
                         if G.nodes[n]['mask'] == mask and G.nodes[n]['label'] == label]
            
            if not same_group:
                continue
                
            # Sort by degree (ascending)
            same_group.sort(key=lambda n: sampled_G.degree(n))
            
            # Swap the node with lowest degree
            to_remove = same_group[0]
            sampled_nodes.remove(to_remove)
            sampled_nodes.append(connector)
            
            # Update the sampled subgraph
            sampled_G = G.subgraph(sampled_nodes).copy()
            
            # Stop if we've reached the desired connectivity
            if nx.number_connected_components(sampled_G) <= original_properties['connected_components']:
                break
    
    # 5. Relabel nodes to have consecutive IDs starting from 0
    node_mapping = {old_id: new_id for new_id, old_id in enumerate(sorted(sampled_nodes))}
    relabeled_G = nx.relabel_nodes(sampled_G, node_mapping)
    
    # Return the sampled graph and the inverse mapping (new_id -> original_id)
    inverse_mapping = {new_id: old_id for old_id, new_id in node_mapping.items()}
    return relabeled_G, inverse_mapping

def graph_to_json_format(G):
    """Convert a NetworkX graph to the required JSON format."""
    result = []
    
    for node_id in sorted(G.nodes):
        node_data = {
            "node_id": int(node_id),
            "label": G.nodes[node_id]['label'],
            "text": G.nodes[node_id]['text'],
            "neighbors": sorted([int(n) for n in G.neighbors(node_id)]),
            "mask": G.nodes[node_id]['mask']
        }
        
        result.append(node_data)
    
    return result

def sample_text_attribute_graph(input_file, output_file, percentage):
    """Main function to sample a text attribute graph and preserve its properties."""
    # Load the graph data
    print(f"Loading graph from {input_file}...")
    nodes = load_graph_from_json(input_file)
    
    if not nodes:
        print("Failed to load nodes from the input file.")
        return None, None, None
    
    print(f"Loaded {len(nodes)} nodes.")
    
    # Build the NetworkX graph
    print("Building graph...")
    G = build_networkx_graph(nodes)
    print(f"Built graph with {len(G.nodes)} nodes and {len(G.edges)} edges.")
    
    # Analyze the original graph properties
    print("Analyzing original graph properties...")
    original_properties = analyze_graph_properties(G)
    
    # Sample the graph
    print(f"Sampling {percentage}% of the nodes...")
    sampled_G, inverse_mapping = sample_graph_preserving_properties(G, percentage, original_properties)
    print(f"Sampled graph has {len(sampled_G.nodes)} nodes and {len(sampled_G.edges)} edges.")
    
    # Convert the sampled graph to JSON format
    print("Converting sampled graph to JSON format...")
    sampled_data = graph_to_json_format(sampled_G)
    
    # Save the sampled graph
    print(f"Saving sampled graph to {output_file}...")
    with open(output_file, 'w') as f:
        json.dump(sampled_data, f, indent=2)
    
    # Analyze the sampled graph properties
    print("Analyzing sampled graph properties...")
    sampled_properties = analyze_graph_properties(sampled_G)
    
    # Print comparison of original and sampled properties
    print("\nComparison of Graph Properties:")
    print(f"{'Property':<25} {'Original':<15} {'Sampled':<15}")
    print("-" * 55)
    print(f"{'Number of nodes':<25} {len(G.nodes):<15} {len(sampled_G.nodes):<15}")
    print(f"{'Number of edges':<25} {len(G.edges):<15} {len(sampled_G.edges):<15}")
    print(f"{'Density':<25} {original_properties['density']:.4f}{'':>10} {sampled_properties['density']:.4f}{'':>10}")
    
    print("\nMask Distribution:")
    print(f"{'Mask':<10} {'Original %':<15} {'Sampled %':<15}")
    print("-" * 40)
    for mask in sorted(set(original_properties['mask_distribution'].keys()) | set(sampled_properties['mask_distribution'].keys())):
        orig_pct = original_properties['mask_distribution'].get(mask, 0) * 100
        sampled_pct = sampled_properties['mask_distribution'].get(mask, 0) * 100
        print(f"{mask:<10} {orig_pct:.2f}%{'':>9} {sampled_pct:.2f}%{'':>9}")
    
    print("\nLabel Distribution:")
    print(f"{'Label':<10} {'Original %':<15} {'Sampled %':<15}")
    print("-" * 40)
    for label in sorted(set(original_properties['label_distribution'].keys()) | set(sampled_properties['label_distribution'].keys())):
        orig_pct = original_properties['label_distribution'].get(label, 0) * 100
        sampled_pct = sampled_properties['label_distribution'].get(label, 0) * 100
        print(f"{label:<10} {orig_pct:.2f}%{'':>9} {sampled_pct:.2f}%{'':>9}")
    
    print("\nConnectivity:")
    print(f"Connected components: {original_properties['connected_components']} (original) vs {sampled_properties['connected_components']} (sampled)")
    
    return sampled_G, original_properties, sampled_properties

def main():
    """Command-line interface."""
    if len(sys.argv) != 4:
        print("Usage: python sample_graph.py input_file output_file percentage")
        sys.exit(1)
    
    input_file = sys.argv[1]
    output_file = sys.argv[2]
    try:
        percentage = float(sys.argv[3])
        if percentage <= 0 or percentage > 100:
            raise ValueError("Percentage must be between 0 and 100")
    except ValueError:
        print("Error: Percentage must be a number between 0 and 100")
        sys.exit(1)
    
    sample_text_attribute_graph(input_file, output_file, percentage)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()