மலேசியா (Malaysia), தென்கிழக்காசியாவில் உள்ள ஒரு கூட்டாட்சி அரசியல்சட்ட முடியாட்சியுள்ள ஒரு நாடாகும். 13 மாநிலங்களையும் மூன்று நடுவண் மண்டலங்களையும் கொண்டுள்ள மலேசியா, தென்சீனக் கடலினால் மலேசியத் தீபகற்பம், கிழக்கு மலேசியா (மலேசிய போர்னியோ) என இரண்டு பிராந்தியங்களாகப் பிரிக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது.

மலேசியத் தீபகற்பம் வடக்கே தாய்லாந்து நாட்டுடன் நிலம்; கடல் எல்லைகளையும், தெற்கே சிங்கப்பூர், வடகிழக்கே வியட்நாம், மேற்கே இந்தோனேசியா ஆகிய நாடுகளுடன் கடல் எல்லைகளையும் கொண்டுள்ளது.

மலேசியாவின் கிழக்கு மலேசியா பகுதி; புரூணை, இந்தோனேசியா நாடுகளுடன் நில, மற்றும் கடல் எல்லைகளையும்; பிலிப்பீன்சு, வியட்நாம் நாடுகளுடன் நில எல்லைகளையும் கொண்டுள்ளது.

மலேசியாவின் தலைநகரும், மிகப்பெரிய நகரமும் கோலாலம்பூர் ஆகும். புத்ராஜெயா நடுவண் அரசின் நிருவாகத் தலைநகராகும். 30 மில்லியனுக்கும் அதிகமான மக்கள் தொகையைக் கொண்டுள்ள மலேசியா உலகின் 44-வது மக்களடர்த்தி கூடிய நாடாகும். ஐரோவாசியாக் கண்டத்தின் தென்முனையான தஞ்சோங் பியாய் மலேசியாவில் தான் அமைந்து உள்ளது.

வெப்ப வலயத்தில் அமைந்துள்ள மலேசியா 17 பெரும்பல்வகைமை நாடுகளில் ஒன்றான மலேசியாவில் இனப் பெருக்க உயிரினங்கள் பெரும் எண்ணிக்கையில் உள்ளன. மலேசியாவின் மொத்த பரப்பளவு 329,847 சதுர கிலோமீட்டர்கள் (127,350 சதுர மைல்கள்).

தீபகற்ப மலேசியாவின் மக்கள் தொகை மட்டும் 20 மில்லியன். தற்போது மலேசியாவின் மக்கள் தொகை 2.5 கோடி. இவர்களில் பெரும்பான்மையினர் மலாய் மக்கள். இவர்களுக்கு அடுத்து சீனர்களும் இந்தியர்களும் கூடுதலாக வாழ்கின்றனர். பெரும்பான்மையான மலேசிய மக்கள் இஸ்லாம் சமயத்தைப் பின்பற்றுகிறார்கள். இஸ்லாம் மதம் மலேசியாவின் தேசிய சமயமும் ஆகும். மலாய் மொழி தேசிய மொழியாகும்.

1957-ஆம் ஆண்டு ஐக்கிய இராச்சியத்திடமிருந்து விடுதலை பெற்றது. இப்போது மலேசியாவின் மன்னராக ஐந்தாம் முகம்மது ஆட்சியில் உள்ளார். இருபதாம் நூற்றாண்டில் கூடுதலான பொருளாதார வளர்ச்சியைப் பெற்ற நாடுகளின் பட்டியலில் இரண்டாவது இடம் பிடித்தது.

 வரலாறு
 வரலாற்றுக்கு முந்தைய காலம்

வரலாற்றுக்கு முந்தைய காலச் சான்றுகள் மலேசியாவில் அதிகமாகக் கிடைத்திருக்கின்றன. 2 இலட்சம் வருடங்களுக்கு முந்தைய கல்லாயுதங்கள் புக்கிட் சாவாவில் கண்டுபிடிக்கப்பட்டுள்ளன. கிழக்கு மலேசியாவின் சரவாக்கில் அமைந்துள்ள நியா குகைகளில் 40000 ஆண்டுகளுக்கு முந்தைய மனித எச்சங்கள் காணப்படுகின்றன.

பூர்வகுடி செமாங்கு இனத்தவர்களின் மூதாதையர்கள் சுமார் 40000 ஆண்டுகளுக்கு முந்தைய ஆப்பிரிக்கர்களாக இருக்கலாம் எனக் கருதப்படுகிறது. மலேசியத் தீபகற்பத்தின் மிக முந்தைய எலும்புக்கூடான பேரா மனிதன் 11000 ஆண்டுகள் பழைமை வாய்ந்தது. இது லெங்கோங் எனும் இடத்தில் கண்டுபிடிக்கப்பட்டது.

 ஆரம்ப காலம்

கி.மு. முதல் நூற்றாண்டின் முற்பகுதியில் இந்தியாவிலிருந்தும் சீனாவிலிருந்தும் வந்த வணிகர்களும் குடியேற்றக்காரர்களும் வணிகத் துறைமுகங்களையும் நகரங்களையும் உருவாக்கினர். பிற்பகுதியில் மலேசியா சிறீ விசயப் பேரரசின் ஆட்சியின் கீழ் இருந்திருக்கிறது.

11ஆம் நூற்றாண்டில் சோழ அரசன் இராசேந்திர சோழன் கடாரம் எனப்படும் இடத்தைப் போரில் வென்றதற்கான வரலாற்று ஆதாரங்கள் காணப்படுகின்றன. அடுத்த 20 வருடங்களில் சுமத்திரா மற்றும் மலாயாத் தீபகற்பத்தில் சோழர்களால் தொடர்ச்சியான படையெடுப்புகள் மேற்கொள்ளப்பட்டன. சோழர்களின் வருகையும் போர்களும் சிறீ விசய ஆட்சியை வலுவிழக்கச் செய்தது.

 சுலுத்தான்கள்
பதினைந்தாம் நூற்றாண்டின் தொடக்கக் காலத்திலிருந்து பல்வேறு சுலுத்தான்கள் ஆட்சி புரிந்தார்கள். சிறீ விசயப் பேரரசின் இளவரசனான பரமேசுவரன் மலாயாத் தீபகற்பத்தின் முதல் சுதந்திர இராச்சியமாகக் கருதப்படும் மலாக்கா சுல்தானகத்தை நிறுவினார். இக்கால கட்டத்தில் இசுலாமிய சமயம் தீவிரமாகப் பரவியது. மேலும் இக்காலப் பகுதியில் மலாக்கா முக்கிய வாணிப மையமாகவும் விளங்கியது.

 ஐரோப்பிய குடியேற்ற ஆட்சிகள்
1511-ஆம் ஆண்டில் மலாக்கா போர்த்துக்கீசர் வசமானது. பின் 1641-ஆம் ஆண்டில் இடச்சுக்காரர்களால் கைப்பற்றப்பட்டது. 1786-ஆம் ஆண்டில் கெடாவின் சுல்தான் பினாங்கைப் பிரித்தானிய கிழக்கிந்தியக் கம்பனிக்கு குத்தகைக்குக் கொடுத்தார். இதனால் பிரித்தானியப் பேரரசு மலாயாவில் காலூன்றியது. பிரித்தானியர் 1819-ஆம் ஆண்டில் சிங்கப்பூரைக் கைப்பற்றினர்ர்.

மேலும் 1824-ஆம் ஆண்டில் ஆங்கில-இடச்சு ஒப்பந்தப்படி மலாக்காவையும் தமது கட்டுப்பாட்டுக்குள் கொண்டு வந்தனர். 1826-ஆம் ஆண்டில் பிரித்தானியர் பினாங்கு, மலாக்கா, சிங்கப்பூர், இலபுவான் தீவுகள் ஆகியவற்றை நேரடியாகத் தமது கட்டுப்பாட்டின் கீழ் கொண்டு வந்ததன் மூலம் அவற்றைத் தமது முடிக்குரிய குடியேற்ற நாடாக்கினர்.

இரண்டாம் உலகப்போரின் போது 1943–1945 வரை சப்பான் ஆட்சி செலுத்தியது. இந்தக் காலப் பகுதியில் இனப் பிரச்சினைகள் உருவாகியதோடு தேசியவாதமும் மேலோங்கியது. போருக்குப்பின் மீண்டும் பிரித்தானியா அதிகாரத்திற்கு வந்தது.

மேலும் பிரித்தானியா மலாயாவின் நிருவாகத்தை ஒருங்கிணைத்து அதனை மலாயாக் கூட்டமைப்பு என்ற ஒரே முடிக்குரிய குடியேற்ற நாடாக்கியது. எனினும் மலாயர் இதனை எதிர்த்தனர். மேலும் மலாயாப் பொதுவுடைமைக் (கம்யூனிசு) கட்சியின் எஸ்.ஏ.கனபதி, பி.வீரசேனன் போன்றவர்கள் தலைமையில் ஒன்றிணைந்த போராளிகள் பிரித்தானியப் படைகளுக்கு எதிராகக் கொரில்லாப் போர் தொடுத்தனர்.

 சமகாலம்
1957 ஆகத்து 31 அன்று விடுதலை அடைந்த மலேசியா 1963ஆம் ஆண்டு மலேசிய கூட்டரசு எனப்படும் தற்கால மலேசிய நாடாக உருவாகியது. 1965-ஆம் ஆண்டு சிங்கப்பூர் மலேசியாவிலிருந்து பிரிந்து தனிநாடாகியது. 1969-ஆம் ஆண்டு நடந்த இனக் கலவரத்திற்குப் பிறகு பூமிபுத்திரா எனப்படும் பூர்வகுடிமக்களுக்கு பொருளாதார வளர்ச்சியில் சம பங்கு வழங்கும் நோக்கோடு ஆராய்ச்சிக்குட்பட்ட புதிய பொருளாதார கொள்கை கொண்டுவரப்பட்டது.

அண்மைய காலங்களில் சிறுபான்மை இந்தியர்கள் தாங்கள் புறக்கணிக்கப் படுவதாகக் கூறிப் போராட்டம் நடத்தி வருவது குறிப்பிடத்தக்கது. நவம்பர் 2007; பிப்பரவரி 2008 ஆகியக் காலக் கட்டங்களில் பெருந்திரளான இந்தியர் மக்கள் ஒன்றுகூடிப் போராட்டம் செய்தனர். அப்போது காவல் துறையினரால் கண்ணீர் புகை குண்டு வீசிக் கலைக்கப் பட்டனர்.

 ஆட்சிப்பிரிவுகள்

300px|center|thumb|மலேசியாவின் மாகாணங்கள்

மலேசியா 13 மாநிலங்கள் மற்றும் மூன்று கூட்டாட்சிப் பகுதிகளின் கூட்டமைப்பாகும். இவை இரண்டு பிராந்தியங்களாகப் பிரிக்கப்பட்டுள்ளன. தீபகற்ப மலேசியாவில் 11 மாநிலங்களும் இரண்டு கூட்டாட்சிப்பகுதிகளும் கிழக்கு மலேசியாவில் இரண்டு மாநிலங்களும் ஒரு கூட்டாட்சிப் பகுதியும் உள்ளன. மாநிலங்களின் ஆளுகை மத்திய மற்றும் மாநில அரசாங்கங்களுக்குள் பகிர்ந்தளிக்கப்பட்டுள்ளதோடு கூட்டாட்சிப் பகுதிகளின் நிர்வாகத்தை மத்திய அரசாங்கம் மேற்கொள்கிறது.

13 மாநிலங்களும் வரலாற்று முறையான மலாய் இராச்சியங்களை மையமாகக் கொண்டவை. தீபகற்ப மலேசியாவிலுள்ள 11 மாநிலங்களில் 9 அவற்றின் பரம்பரை ஆட்சியாளர்களால் ஆளப்படுவதோடு, அவை மலாய் மாநிலங்கள் எனவும் அறியப்படுகின்றன. இவற்றின் மன்னர் ஒன்பது ஆட்சியாளர்களின் சபையொன்றிலிருந்து அவர்கள் மூலமாகவே ஐந்தாண்டுப் பதவிக்காலத்திற்குத் தேர்ந்தெடுக்கப்படுகிறார். ஒவ்வொரு மாநிலமும் மாநிலச் சட்டவாக்கச் சபை எனப்படும் ஒற்றைச் சபையைக் கொண்டுள்ளன.

கிழக்கு மலேசியாவிலுள்ள மாநிலங்கள்(சபா மற்றும் சரவாக்) தமக்கெனத் தனியான குடிவரவுக் கொள்கைகளையும் கட்டுப்பாடுகளையும் கொண்டுள்ளன. இதன்படி மலேசியாவின் ஏனைய பகுதிகள்(தீபகற்ப மலேசியா) குடிவரவுச் சட்டங்களின் கீழ் வெளிநாடுகளாகக் கருதப்படுகின்றன. ஒவ்வொரு மாநிலமும் மாவட்டங்களாகவும், மாவட்டங்கள் மேலும் முகிம்களாகவும் பிரிக்கப்பட்டுள்ளன. சபாவிலும் சரவாக்கிலும் மாவட்டங்கள், பிரிவுகளாகக் கூட்டமாக்கப்பட்டுள்ளன.

எல்லா மாநிலங்களுக்கும் சீரான நீதியை வழங்குவதற்காக மலேசியப் பாராளுமன்றம் நிலம், இஸ்லாமிய சமயம், உள்ளூராட்சி போன்ற பிரிவுகளில் எழும் பிரச்சினைகளைத் தீர்த்துவைக்கும் அதிகாரத்தைக் கொண்டுள்ளது. மேலும் மாநிலமொன்றின் வேண்டுகோளின் பேரில் அம்மாநில நிர்வாகத்தில் தலையீடு செய்யவும் அதிகாரம் உண்டு.

சில நிலம் தொடர்பான சட்டங்களைத் தவிர, மாநிலங்களுக்குள் நிகழும் பிரச்சினைகளை அம்மாநிலங்களே கவனிக்கின்றன. நாட்டின் சட்டத்துக்கு அமைவாக, இஸ்லாமிய மதம் தொடர்பற்ற பிரச்சினைகள் மலேசிய ஒப்பந்தத்தைப் பேணும் வகையில் தேசிய மட்டத்திலேயே நிர்வகிக்கப்படுகின்றன.

 புவியியல்
thumb|alt=A view from Low's peak, with a smaller peak to the right of the photo, with forested mountains in the background|கினபாலு மலையின் மிக உயரமான சிகரம், லோ சிகரத்திலிருந்து காட்சி
மலேசியா 3,29,847 சதுர கிலோமீட்டர்கள் மொத்த நிலப்பரப்பைக் கொண்டு 67வது பெரிய நாடாக விளங்குகிறது. இதனுடன் நில எல்லைகளை மேற்கு மலேசியாவில் தாய்லாந்தும் கிழக்கு மலேசியாவில் இந்தோனேசியாவும் புருணையும் பகிர்கின்றன.

சிங்கப்பூருடன் ஒரு குறுகிய  தரைப் பாலத்தால் இணைக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது. கடல்சார் எல்லையை வியட்நாமுடனும்  பிலிப்பைன்சுடனும் பகிர்கிறது.

நில எல்லைகள் பெரும்பாலும் பெர்லிசு ஆறு, கோலோக் ஆறு மற்றும் பகலயன் கால்வாய் போன்ற புவியிடக் கூறுக்களால் வரையறுக்கப் பட்டுள்ளன. ஆனால் கடல்சார் எல்லைகள் இன்றும் விவாதிக்கப்பட்டு வருகின்றன. சரவாக் மாநிலத்தை இரண்டாகப் பிரிக்கும் புருணை மலேசியாவினால் முழுதும் சூழப்பட்டுள்ளது.

ஆசிய நிலப் பகுதியிலும் மலாய் தீவுக் கூட்டங்களிலும் ஆட்சிப்பகுதி கொண்ட ஒரே நாடாக மலேசியா இலங்குகிறது. ஜொகூர் மாநிலத்தின் தெற்குக் கடைசியில் உள்ள தஞ்சோங் பியாய், ஆசியாக் கண்டத்தின் தெற்கு முனையாக உள்ளது.  சுமாத்திராவிற்கும் மலேசியத் தீபகற்பத்திற்கும் இடையில் உள்ள உலகின் 40 சதவீத சரக்குகள் செல்லும் மலாக்கா நீரிணை உலக வர்த்தகத்தில்  பெரும் பங்கு வகிக்கிறது.

 பொருளியல்
மலேசியா பொதுவாகத் திறநிலை மற்றும் அரசுசார் பொருளாதார நாடாகவும் புதியதாகத் தொழில்மயமான சந்தைப் பொருளாதார நாடாகவும் விளங்குகிறது. பொருளியல் செயல்பாடுகளில் பேரளவு பொருளாதாரத் திட்டங்கள்மூலம் முக்கிய பங்காற்றும் அரசு தனது பங்காற்றலை படிப்படியாகக் குறைத்து வருகிறது.

ஆசிய நாடுகளில் சிறந்த பொருளியல் தரவுக் கூற்றுகளைக் கொண்ட நாடுகளில் ஒன்றாக உள்ள மலேசியாவின் மொத்த உள்நாட்டு உற்பத்தி 1957 முதல் 2005 வரை ஆண்டுக்கு ஏறத்தாழ 6.5 % உயர்ந்து வந்துள்ளது. 2010இல் மொத்த உள்நாட்டு உற்பத்தி அமெரிக்க டாலரில் $414,400 பில்லியனாக இருந்தது;  இது ஆசியான் நாடுகளில் 3-வது மிகப்பெரிய மதிப்பாகும். உலகளவில் மலேசியாவின் மொத்த உள்நாட்டு உற்பத்தி 29வதாக உள்ளது.

 மக்கள் தொகையியல்
2010 கணக்கெடுப்பின்படி மலேசிய மக்கள் தொகை 28,334,135 ஆகும். இது உலகளவில் 43-வது மக்கள் தொகை அதிகமுள்ள நாடாக அறியப்பட்டுள்ளது. இந்நாட்டில் பல இனக் குழுக்கள் வாழ்கின்றன. மலாய் இனக் குழுவினர் 50.4 % விழுக்காடும், மலாய் இனமல்லாத மற்ற பூமிபுத்திராக்கள் 11 விழுக்காடும் உள்ளனர்.  மலேசிய சட்டப்படி மலாய் இனத்தவர்கள் அனைவரும் முசுலிம்கள் ஆவர். அவர்கள் மலாய் இனப் பண்பாட்டைப் பின்பற்றுபவர்கள்.

மலாய் இன மக்களே மலேசிய அரசியலில் செல்வாக்கு செலுத்துபவர்கள். பூமிபுத்திரா என்ற தகுதி மலாய் இனம் அல்லாத தாய், கெமர், சாம் மக்களுக்கும் சபா, சரவாக் மாநிலப் பழங்குடி மக்களுக்கும் வழங்கப்பட்டுள்ளது. சரவாக் மாநில மக்கள் தொகையில் பாதிக்கும் மேற்பட்டவர்கள் மலாய் இனமல்லாத பூமிபுத்திராக்கள் ஆவர். சபா மாநிலத்தில் மூன்றுக்கு இரண்டு பேர் மலாய் இனமல்லாத பூமிபுத்திராக்கள் ஆவர். மலேசிய தீபகற்பத்தில் தொல்குடி மக்கள் சிறிய அளவில் வாழ்கிறார்கள். யார் பூமிபுத்திரா என்பதை வரையறுக்கும் சட்டம் மாநிலத்துக் மாநிலம் வேறுபடும்.

மலேசியா மக்கள் தொகையில் சீன வம்சாவளியினர் 23.7 விழுக்காடும்; இந்திய வம்சாவளியினர் 7.1 விழுக்காடும் உள்ளனர். இவர்களுக்குப் பூமிபுத்திரர்கள் என்ற தகுதி கிடையாது. சீனர்கள் மலேசிய வணிகத்தில் செல்வாக்கு செலுத்துகின்றனர். 19-ஆம் நூற்றாண்டின் ஆரம்பத்தில் பெருவாரியான இந்தியர்கள் மலேசியாவுக்கு பிரித்தானியர்களால் தோட்ட வேலை செய்ய அழைத்து வரப்பட்டனர் . இந்தியர்களில் பெரும்பாலானவர்கள் தமிழர்கள் ஆவர்

மலேசியாவில் பிறந்தால் மட்டும் ஒருவர் மலேசியக் குடியுரிமை பெற முடியாது. வெளிநாட்டில் இருந்தாலும் இரண்டு மலேசியர்களுக்குப் பிறக்கும் குழந்தைக்கு மலேசியக் குடியுரிமை வழங்கப்படும். மலேசியா இரட்டை குடியுரிமை வழங்குவதில்லை . கிழக்கு மலேசியா மற்றும் மேற்கு மலேசியாவில் இருப்பவர்களுக்குக் குடியுரிமையில் சிறிய வேறுபாடு உண்டு. இது குடி நுழைவு வசதிக்காக ஏற்படுத்தப்பட்டது.

 சமயம்
thumb|alt=The wooden Kampung Laut mosque with its minaret and an onion-shaped dome on its tiled roof.|18ம் நூற்றாண்டின் தொடக்கத்தில் கோட பாருவில் கட்டப்பட்ட பள்ளிவாசலே மலேசியாவில் மிகவும் பழையதாகும்
மலேசிய நாட்டின் அதிகாரபூர்வமான சமயமாக இசுலாம்  இருந்தபோதிலும் மற்ற சமயங்களை சுதந்திரமாகப் பின்பற்றச் சட்டம் அனுமதிக்கிறது. தோராயமாக 61.3% பேர் இசுலாம் சமயத்தையும் 19.8% பேர் புத்த சமயத்தையும் 9.2% பேர் கிறித்தவ சமயத்தையும் 6.3% பேர் இந்து சமயத்தையும் 1.3 பேர் தாவோ சமயம், கன்பூசிய சமயம் மற்ற சீன சமயங்களையும்  0.7% பேர் எச் சமயத்தையும் சாராதவர்களாகவும் 1.4% பேர் மற்ற சமயங்களைப் பின்பற்றுவர்களாகவும் உள்ளனர் .

சட்டப்படி மலாய் இனத்தவர்கள் அனைவரும் முசுலிம்கள் ஆவர் . 2010 மக்கள் தொகை கணக்கின் படி சீன வம்சத்தவர்களில் 83.6% பேர் பௌத்த சமயத்தையும் 3.4 % பேர் தாவோ சமயத்தையும் 11.1% பேர் கிறுத்துவ சமயத்தையும் சிறிய அளவில் இசுலாம் சமயத்தையும் பின்பற்றுகிறார்கள். இந்திய வம்சத்தவர்களில் 86.2% பேர் இந்து சமயத்தையும் 6.0% பேர் கிறுத்துவ சமயத்தையும் 4.1% பேர் இசுலாம் சமயத்தையும் பின்பற்றுகிறார்கள். மலாய் இனம் அல்லாத பூமிபுத்திரர்களில் 46.5% பேர் கிறுத்துவ சமயத்தையும் 40.4% பேர் இசுலாம் சமயத்தையும் பின்பற்றுகிறார்கள் .

முசுலிம்களின் சமயம் தொடர்பான சிக்கல்களைச் சரியா நீதிமன்றங்கள் தீர்மானிக்கின்றன. குறிப்பாக மணமுறிவு, திருமணம், வாரிசு உரிமை, மத மாற்றம், மதத்திலிருந்து விலகல் போன்றவற்றை அது விசாரிக்கும். குற்ற வழக்குகளும் உரிமையியல் குடிசார் வழக்குகளும் இதன் வரம்புக்குள் வராது. முசுலிம் அல்லாதவர்களின் சிக்கல்கள் சரியா நீதிமன்ற வரம்புக்குள் வராது. உரிமையியல் நீதிமன்றங்கள் இசுலாம் தொடர்பான வழக்குகளை விசாரணைக்கு எடுத்துக்கொள்ளாமல் அவற்றைச் சரியா நீதிமன்றங்களிடம் அனுப்பிவிடும் .

 மொழி

மலேசியாவின் அதிகாரப்பூர்வ மொழி மலேசிய மொழி ஆகும். இது மலாய் மொழியின் தரப்படுத்தப்பட்ட வடிவமாகும். ஆங்கிலம் நிர்வாக மொழியாகப் பயன்படுத்தப்பட்டது. 1969-இல் நடந்த கலவரத்துக்குப் பின் மலேசிய மொழி முதன்மைப்படுத்தப்பட்டது  . ஆங்கிலம் இரண்டாவது மொழியாகத் தொடர்ந்து உள்ளது.

பொதுப் பள்ளிக்கூடங்களில் கணிதம், அறிவியல் போன்றவற்றைப் பயிற்றுவிக்கும் மொழியாகவும் ஆங்கிலம் உள்ளது . பிரித்தானிய ஆங்கிலத்திலிருந்து தருவிக்கப்பட்ட மலேசிய ஆங்கிலம் வணிகத்தில் பெரும்பாலும் பயன்படுத்தபடுகிறது. மேங்கிலிசும் வணிகத்தில் பெருமளவு பயன்படுத்தப்படுகிறது. மேங்கிலிசு என்பது மலாய், சீனம், தமிழ் கலந்த கொச்சைபடுத்தப்பட்ட ஆங்கிலம் ஆகும் .

மலேசியாவில் 137 மொழிகள் பேசப்படுகின்றன  இவற்றில் தீபகற்ப மலேசியாவில் 41 மொழிகள் பேசப்படுகின்றன. கிழக்கு மலேசியாவில் உள்ள பழங்குடியின மக்கள் மலாய் மொழி அல்லாத தங்களின் மொழியைப் பேசுகின்றனர். இதை எளிதில் மலாய் அல்ல என்பதை உணரமுடியும். சரவாக் மாநில மக்கள் இபான் மொழியையும் சபா மக்கள் டுசுனிக் மொழியையும் பேசுகின்றனர் . மலேசியாவிலுள்ள சீனர்கள் தென் சீனத்தின் பல வட்டார மொழிகளைப் பேசுகின்றனர். கண்டோனீசு, மாண்டரின், ஓக்கியன், கேசிய மொழி போன்றவை. தமிழர்கள் தமிழ் பேசுகின்றனர். தமிழர்களே இங்குள்ள இந்தியர்களில் பெரும்பான்மையினர் ஆவர். இவர்கள் மலேசியத் தமிழர் என்று அறியப் படுகின்றனர்.

 பண்பாடு
thumb|180px|upright|alt=A cook making Murtabak, a type of pancake, in an outdoor stall. He is pictured leaning over his custom-made flattened wok filled with pieces of murtabak.|கோலாலம்பூரில் சமையற்காரர் முட்டைகள், இறைச்சி மற்றும் வெங்காயத் துண்டுகள் கலந்த முர்டாபாக் எனப்படும் ஒருவகை தோசையைச் சுடும் காட்சி.
thumb|220px|alt=A cook making Char Kuey Teow, a type of flat noodles fried with fish cakes, cockles and bean sprouts.| தட்டை நூடுல்களுடன் மீன் கேக், கிளிஞ்சல்கள், முளைவிட்ட பீன்சு ஆகியவற்றை வறுத்துச் சமைக்கப்படும் சார் குவே டியோவ் மலேசியாவில் மிகவும் பரவலானது.

மலேசியாவில் பல்வேறு இனங்களைச் சேர்ந்த, பல்வேறு பண்பாட்டுக் கூறுகளைக் கொண்ட மற்றும் பல்வேறு மொழிபேசும் மக்கள் உள்ளனர்.  இப்பகுதியின் துவக்கநிலை பண்பாடு இங்கு வாழ்ந்த பழங்குடி மக்கள், இங்கு இடம் பெயர்ந்த மலாய் இனத்தவரால் உருவானது. வெளிநாட்டு வணிகம் துவங்கிய வரலாற்றுக் காலத்திலேயே சீனர் மற்றும் தமிழர் பண்பாட்டுத் தாக்கங்கள் ஏற்பட்டன. பாரசீகர், அராபியர் மற்றும் பிரித்தானியர் பண்பாட்டுத் தாக்கங்களைப் பின்னதாக உள்வாங்கியது. அரசமைப்பு, சமூக உடன்பாடு போன்றவை காரணமாக இனச் சிறுபான்மையினரின் பண்பாடு தன்வயமாகவில்லை.

1971இல் மலேசிய அரசு "தேசிய பண்பாட்டுக் கொள்கை"யை அறிவித்தது; இதன்படி மலேசியப் பண்பாடு பழங்குடியினரின் பண்பாட்டின்படி அமையும் என்றும் பிற பண்பாடுகளிலிருந்து பொருத்தமானக் கூறுகளை உள்வாங்கும் என்றும் இசுலாம் பெரும் பங்கு வகிக்கும் என்றும் வரையறுத்தது. மேலும் மலாய் மொழியே மற்ற மொழிகளை விடப் பரப்பப்படும் எனக் கூறியது. இவ்வாறான அரசின் தலையீட்டை மலாய் அல்லாத சிறுபான்மையினர் தங்கள் பண்பாட்டுச் சுதந்தரத்தைக் குறைப்பதாக  எதிர்த்தனர்.  சீனர்களின் சங்கங்களும் இந்தியச் சங்கங்களும் தங்கள் எதிர்ப்பை அரசுக்குத் தெரிவிக்கும் வகையில் மனு ஒன்றை அளித்தனர்.

மலேசியாவிற்கும் அண்டை நாடுகளுக்கும் இடையே (குறிப்பாக இந்தோனேசியா) பண்பாட்டுச் சண்டைகள் ஏற்பட்டுள்ளன. இரண்டு நாடுகளுக்கும் ஒன்றையொத்த பாரம்பரியமும் வழைமையான பழக்கங்களும் உள்ளன. இருப்பினும் உணவுப் பொருள்களிலிருந்து மலேசியாவின் நாட்டுப்பண் வரை பல பிணக்குகள் எழுந்துள்ளன. இந்தப் பிணக்குகளைக் குறைக்க இரு நாட்டு அரசுகளும் பலமுறை முயன்றுள்ளன.

மலேசியப் புலி மலேசியாவின் தேசிய விலங்காகும்.

 விளையாட்டு

மலேசியாவில் பரவலாக விளையாடப் படுபவையாகக் காற்பந்தாட்டம், இறகுப்பந்தாட்டம், வளைதடிப் பந்தாட்டம், பௌல்ஸ், டென்னிசு, ஸ்குவாஷ், தற்காப்புக் கலைகள், குதிரையேற்றம், பாய்மரப் படகோட்டம், மற்றும் ஸ்கேட் பலகையோட்டம் ஆகியன . இறகுப்பந்தாட்ட போட்டிகள் பல்லாயிரக் கணக்கான பார்வையாளர்களை ஈர்க்கின்றன; 1948-ஆம் ஆண்டு முதல் தாமசு கோப்பையைத் தக்க வைத்துள்ள மூன்று நாடுகளில் ஒன்றாக மலேசியா விளங்குகிறது.

மலேசிய புல்தரை பௌல்ஸ் கூட்டமைப்பு 1997-இல் பதிவு செய்யப்பட்டது. பிரித்தானிய படைத்துறை அதிகாரிகளால் அறிமுகப்படுத்தப்பட்ட ஸ்குவாஷ் விளையாட்டில் முதல் போட்டி 1939-இல் நடத்தப்பட்டது. ஸ்குவாஷ் பந்தடி மட்டைச் சங்கம் சூன் 25, 1972இல் உருவானது. மலேசியா தென்கிழக்கு ஆசியாவிற்கான ஓர் கால்பந்துக் கூட்டிணைவைப் பரிந்துரைத்துள்ளது.

ஆகத்து 2010-இல் மலேசியாவின் ஆடவர் வளைதடிப் பந்தாட்ட அணி உலகத் தரவரிசையில் 15வதாக இருந்தது. கோலாலம்பூரில் உள்ள மெர்டெக்கா விளையாட்டரங்கில் வளைதடிப் பந்தாட்ட உலகக் கிண்ணத்தின் மூன்றாவது மற்றும் பத்தாவது போட்டிகள் நடத்தப்பட்டன. மலேசியாவில் பார்முலா 1 தடம்– செபாங் பன்னாட்டு சுற்றுகை உள்ளது.  தொலைவுள்ள இச்சுற்றுகையில் முதல் கிராண்ட் ப்ரீ போட்டி 1999இல் நடந்தது.

thumb|left|மலேசியாவின் பார்முலா 1 தடம்,  செபாங் பன்னாட்டு சுற்றுகை.

1953-இல் உருவான மலேயா ஒலிம்பிக் குழுவிற்கு பன்னாட்டு ஒலிம்பிக் குழுவின் அங்கீகாரம் 1954-இல் கிடைத்தது. மலேசியா 1956 கோடைக்கால ஒலிம்பிக் விளையாட்டுக்களில் பங்கேற்றது. 1964-இல் இக்குழுவிற்கு மலேசியா ஒலிம்பிக் குழு என மறுபெயரிடப்பட்டது. தொடங்கிய காலத்திலிருந்து ஒன்றைத் தவிர அனைத்து ஒலிம்பிக் போட்டிகளிலும் பங்கேற்றுள்ளது.

1972-ஆம் ஆண்டில் மியூனிக்கில் நடந்த ஒலிம்பிக் போட்டிக்கு மிக உயர்ந்தளவில் பங்கேற்பாளர்களை(57) அனுப்பி உள்ளது. மலேசிய போட்டியாளர்கள் ஒலிம்பிக்கில் இதுவரை நான்கு தங்கப் பதக்கங்களை வென்றுள்ளனர்; இவை அனைத்துமே இறகுப்பந்தாட்டத்தில் என்பது குறிப்பிடத்தக்கது. பொதுநலவாய விளையாட்டுக்களில்  1950 முதல் மலாயா என்றும் 1966 முதல் மலேசியா என்றும் பங்கெடுத்து வந்துள்ளது.

1998-இல் இந்த விளையாட்டுக்கள் கோலாலம்பூரில் நடத்தப்பட்டன. தற்காப்புக் கலைகளில் மலேசியாவில் சிலாட் மற்றும் டோமோய் என்னும் இரு வகைகள் பயிலப்படுகின்றன.

 ஊடகம்
மலேசியாவின் முதன்மை செய்தித்தாள்கள் அரசுடமை அல்லது ஆளும் கூட்டணியிலுள்ள கட்சிகளின் உடமையாக உள்ளன. இருப்பினும் சில பெரிய எதிர்க்கட்சிகளும் நாளிதழ்களின் உரிமையாளர்களாக உள்ளனர். நாட்டின் இரு பகுதிகளிலிருந்து  வெளியாகும் ஊடகங்களிடையே பிளவு உள்ளது. தீபகற்ப ஊடகங்கள் கிழக்குப் பகுதி செய்திகளுக்குக் குறைந்த முன்னுரிமை வழங்குகின்றனர்; அப்பகுதியை தீபகற்ப மலேசியாவின் குடியேற்றப் பகுதியாகக் காண்கின்றனர்.

மலேசியாவிற்கும் இந்தோனேசியாவிற்கும் இடையே வளரும் சிக்கல்களுக்கு ஊடகங்கள் குறை சொல்லப் படுகின்றன. இந்தோனேசியர்களைக் குறித்து தாழ்வான கருத்து நிலவவும் அவர்களே காரணமாக்கப் படுகின்றனர். மலேசியாவில் மலாய், சீனம் மற்றும் தமிழ் நாளிதழ்கள் வெளியாகின்றன.

ஊடகச் சுதந்திரம் மிகக் குறைவாக உள்ள காரணத்தால் அரசிற்கு பொறுப்புடைமை குறைவாக உள்ளது. அரசு தேர்தல்களுக்கு முன்னர் எதிர்கட்சி நாளிதழ்களை அடக்க முயன்றுள்ளது. 2007-இல் எதிர்க்கட்சித் தலைவர்களின் பேச்சுக்களை ஒளிபரப்ப வேண்டாமென்று அனைத்து தனியார் தொலைக்காட்சி மற்றும் வானொலி நிலையங்களுக்கு ஆணையிடப்பட்டன;

இதனை எதிர்க்கட்சியான ஜனநாயக செயல் கட்சி கண்டித்துள்ளது. சபாவில் ஒன்றைத் தவிர அனைத்து நாளிதழ்களும் தனியார் வசமுள்ளன. இப்பகுதியே மலேசியாவில் மிகவும் சுதந்திரமான ஊடகங்கள் இருக்குமிடமாகும். அச்சகங்கள் மற்றும் வெளியீடுகள் சட்டம் போன்றவை கருத்துச் சுதந்திரத்திற்கு தடங்கலாக இருப்பதாகச் சுட்டப்படுகிறது.

 உள்கட்டமைப்பு
thumb|left|alt=A dual highway with greenery on either side|வடக்கு-தெற்கு விரைவுச்சாலை, மலேசியா
மலேசியாவின் உள்கட்டமைப்பு ஆசிய நாடுகளிலேயே மிகவும் மேம்படுத்தப்பட்ட ஒன்றாக விளங்குகிறது.   4.7 மில்லியன் நிலைத்த இடத் தொலைபேசி இணைப்புகளையும் 30 மில்லியன் நகர்பேசி இணைப்புக்களையும் கொண்டுள்ள இதன் தொலைத்தொடர்பு பிணையம் தென்கிழக்கு ஆசியாவில் சிங்கப்பூருக்கு அடுத்த நிலையில் உள்ளது.

மலேசிய நாட்டில் ஏழு பன்னாட்டு வணிகம் புரியும் துறைமுகங்கள் உள்ளன; முக்கியமான துறைமுகமாகக் கிளாங் துறைமுகம் உள்ளது. 200 தொழிற் பேட்டைகளும் டெக்னாலஜி பார்க், மலேசியா மற்றும் குலிம் ஹ-டெக் பார்க் போன்ற சிறப்பு  கட்டமைப்புக்களும்  தொழில் வளர்ச்சிக்கு ஊக்கமளிக்கின்றன.
95% மக்களுக்குத் தூய குடிநீர் வழங்கப்படுகிறது. குடிமைவாத காலங்களில் பொருளியல் தாக்கமுள்ள நகரங்களிலும் பாதுகாப்பிற்கு வழிகோலும் இடங்களிலுமே மேம்பாட்டு கட்டமைப்புக்கள் உருவாகியிருந்தன.

விடுதலைக்குப் பின்னதாக ஊரகப் பகுதிகளின் வளர்ச்சியைக் குவியப்படுத்தி வளர்ச்சித் திட்டங்கள் தீட்டப்பட்ட போதும் அவை இன்னமும் தீபகற்ப மலேசியாவின் மேற்கு கடற்கரைப் பகுதிகளை விடப் பின்தங்கி உள்ளன. தொலைத்தொடர்பு சேவைகளும் நகரப்பகுதிகளில் சிறப்பாக இருந்தபோதும் உள்நாட்டுப் பகுதிகளில் அணுக்கம் குறைவாகவே உள்ளது.

மலேசியாவில்  தொலைவிற்கு சாலைகள் இடப்பட்டுள்ளன; இவற்றில்  தொலைவு விரைவுச் சாலைகளாகும். நாட்டின் மிக நீண்ட நெடுஞ்சாலையாக விளங்கும் வடக்கு-தெற்கு விரைவுச்சாலை, தாய்லாந்தின் எல்லை முதல் சிங்கப்பூர் வரை  தொலைவுக்கு அமைக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது. கிழக்கு மலேசியாவில் சாலைகள் நன்கு அமைக்கப்படவில்லை. தீபகற்ப மலேசியச் சாலைகளைப் போல் இல்லாது அவற்றின் தரமும் குறைந்த நிலையில் உள்ளன.

மலேசியாவில்  38 நன்கு பேணப்பட்ட நிலையங்கள் உட்பட 118 வானூர்தி நிலையங்கள் உள்ளன. நாட்டின் அரசுசார் மலேசியா ஏயர்லைன்சுடன் மேலும் இரு வான்பயண சேவை நிறுவனங்கள் உள்நாட்டு, வெளிநாட்டு வான்பயணச் சேவைகளை நல்குகின்றன.

தொடர்வண்டிச் சேவைகள் அரசுமயமாக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது;  தொலைவிற்கு சேவை அளிக்கின்றன. கோலாலம்பூர் போன்ற சில நகரங்களில் ஒப்புநோக்கில் குறைந்த செலவான உயரத்தில் செல்லும் இலகு தொடருந்து போக்குவரத்து  அமைப்பு நிறுவப்பட்டுள்ளது. ஆசியான் விரைவுத் தொடருந்து  (Asean Rail Express) கோலாலம்பூரை  பாங்காக்குடன் இணைக்கும் தொடர்வண்டிச் சேவையாகும். இச்சேவை மூலம் எதிர்காலத்தில் சிங்கப்பூரையும் சீனாவையும் இணைக்கத் திட்டமிடப்பட்டுள்ளது.

வழமையாக, மலேசியாவின் ஆற்றல் உற்பத்தி பாறைஎண்ணெய் மற்றும் இயற்கை எரிவாயுவை நம்பியே உள்ளது. நாட்டின் மின் உற்பத்தித் திறன் 13 GW ஆக உள்ளது. இன்னமும் 33 ஆண்டுகளுக்கான இயற்கை எரிவாயு இருப்பும் 19 ஆண்டுகளுக்கான எண்ணெய் இருப்புமே உள்ளதாக மதிப்பிடப்பட்டுள்ளது.

ஆற்றல் வளங்களைப் பயன்படுத்த அரசு முயன்று வருகிறது.  16 சதவீதம் நீர்மின்நிலையங்கள் மூலமும் மற்ற 84 சதவீதம் அனல்மின் நிலையங்கள் மூலமும் மின்சாரம் உற்பத்தி செய்யப்படுகிறது. எண்ணெய் மற்றும் எரிவாயு உற்பத்தியில் அரசுடமை நிறுவனமான பெட்ரோனாசு பெரும்பங்கு வகிக்கிறது. மின்சார ஆணையம் சட்டம், 2001இன்படி  மலேசிய ஆற்றல் ஆணையம் (Energy Commission of Malaysia) தீபகற்ப மற்றும் சாபாவில் ஆற்றல் செயல்பாடுகளைக் கட்டுப்படுத்தி வருகிறது.

 மேற்கோள்கள்

 வெளி  இணைப்புகள்
மலேசிய அரச இணையத்தளம்
 பிரதம மந்திரியின் இணையத்தளம்
 Department of Statistics Malaysia
 என்சைக்கிளோபீடியா பிரித்தானிக்காவில் மலேசியா

பகுப்பு:தென்கிழக்கு ஆசிய நாடுகள்
பகுப்பு:முன்னாள் பிரித்தானியக் குடியேற்றங்கள்
பகுப்பு:ஐக்கிய நாடுகள் சபையின் உறுப்பு நாடுகள்

Malaysia is an association of 13 municipalities and three congregation districts. It is divided into two parishes.

There are 11 municipalities and two congressional councils in Morocco and two municipalities in Morocco and one congressional part in Morocco.

The city and the city are divided into the central and local governments, and the governments of the congregation are governed by the central government.

கூட்டாட்சிப்

கூட்டமைப்பாகும்

பிராந்தியங்களாகப்

பிரிக்கப்பட்டுள்ளன

மாநிலங்களும்

கூட்டாட்சிப்பகுதிகளும்

மாநிலங்களும்

கூட்டாட்சிப்

மாநிலங்களின்

அரசாங்கங்களுக்குள்

பகிர்ந்தளிக்கப்பட்டுள்ளதோடு

கூட்டாட்சிப்

மேற்கொள்கிறது

Malaysia consists of 13 states, namely Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Malacca, Negeri Sembilan, Pahang, Perak, Perlis, Penang, Sabah, Sarawak, Selangor and Terengganu.
Apart from the 13 states, there are three Federal Territories, which are administered under the authorities of the Ministry of Federal Territories. Currently, there are three Federal Territories in Malaysia. They are Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya and Labuan.
The Federal Territories have equivalent status to other states in Malaysia but do not have a head of state or a state assembly.
As at the Federal level, there is a corresponding separation of governing powers at the State level – among the Executive, Judicial and Legislative Authorities – in line with the concept of federalism.
Click here for more information on the State Governments in Malaysia.

Question: how many municipalities are in malaysia

Malaysia is an association of 13 municipalities and three congregation districts. It is divided into two parishes.

There are 11 municipalities and two congressional councils in Morocco and two municipalities in Morocco and one congressional part in Morocco.

The city and the city are divided into the central and local governments, and the governments of the congregation are governed by the central government.

Question: how many municipalities are there in morocco

how many municipalities are there in morocco

Question: how many parishes does malaysia have

Question: what country has 13 municipalities and three congregation districts

what country has 13 municipalities and three congregation districts

Question: how many congregation districts does malaysia have

how many congregation districts does malaysia have

Question: the governments of the congregation are governed by what

மத்திய அரசாங்கம்

the governments of the congregation are governed by what

Question: what are the city and city of malaysia divided into

மத்திய மற்றும் மாநில அரசாங்கங்களுக்குள் பகிர்ந்தளிக்கப்பட்டுள்ளதோடு கூட்டாட்சிப் பகுதிகளின்

what are the city and city of malaysia divided into

Question: what is the congregation's government governed by

மத்திய அரசாங்கம்

what is the congregation's government governed by

Malaysia is an association of 13 municipalities and three congregation districts . It is divided into two parishes .

There are 11 municipalities and two congressional councils in Morocco and two municipalities in Morocco and one congressional part in Morocco .

The city and the city are divided into the central and local governments , and the governments of the congregation are governed by the central government .

மலேசியா 13 மாநிலங்கள் மற்றும் மூன்று கூட்டாட்சிப் பகுதிகளின் கூட்டமைப்பாகும். இவை இரண்டு பிராந்தியங்களாகப் பிரிக்கப்பட்டுள்ளன.

தீபகற்ப மலேசியாவில் 11 மாநிலங்களும் இரண்டு கூட்டாட்சிப்பகுதிகளும் கிழக்கு மலேசியாவில் இரண்டு மாநிலங்களும் ஒரு கூட்டாட்சிப் பகுதியும் உள்ளன. மாநிலங்களின்

ஆளுகை மத்திய மற்றும் மாநில அரசாங்கங்களுக்குள் பகிர்ந்தளிக்கப்பட்டுள்ளதோடு கூட்டாட்சிப் பகுதிகளின் நிர்வாகத்தை மத்திய அரசாங்கம் மேற்கொள்கிறது.

Malaysia is an association of 13 municipalities and three congregation districts. It is divided into two parishes. There are 11 municipalities and two congressional councils in Morocco and two municipalities in Morocco and one congressional part in Morocco. The city and the city are divided into the central and local governments, and the governments of the congregation are governed by the central government.

Malaysia is an association of 13 municipalities and three congregation districts. It is divided into two parishes.

There are 11 municipalities and two congressional councils in Morocco and two municipalities in Morocco and one congressional part in Morocco.

The city and the city are divided into the central and local governments, and the governments of the congregation are governed by the central government.

The people of Moses (Saba and Sarlak) have brought their own customs policies and controls, and this is why Moses

மலேசியாவிலுள்ள

மாநிலங்கள்(சபா

கொள்கைகளையும்

கட்டுப்பாடுகளையும்

The Human Rights Commission (Suhakam) has revealed three cases that raise searching questions about the Sabah office of the National Registration Department, as well as about border security.
Deputy chairperson Simon Sipaun provided details recorded from complainants, when he spoke to Malaysiakini by telephone in Kota Kinabalu.
Case No 1
A Filipino who had been arrested under the Internal Security Act (ISA) and deported a few years ago, had re-entered Sabah three weeks ago to collect his MyKad when informed it was ready.
He complained to Suhakam that the state NRD did not want to release the document because they found out that he had previously been detained under the ISA.
Asked by Suhakam officials how he managed to re-enter the state, he replied: “Entering Sabah is as easy as walking from CentrePoint (a shopping complex in Kota Kinabalu) to Kampung Air (across the road). I was not alone. There were 50 of us.”
Noted Sipaun (left) : “Here we have a Filipino who said he had connections in the state NRD and it was through them that he had obtained a MyKad. And (yet) we have locals who have been waiting for years to get their MyKad.
“There is an urgent need to strengthen enforcement along Sabah’s border. Saying that the border is long and porous is inexcusable. Sarawak has a even longer border with Indonesia and yet its problems with illegal immigrants are not as severe.”
Case No 2
A 33-year-old man born in Kampung Mandurian, Pitas, has yet to obtain his Mykad after waiting 12 years. Both his parents are locals and they have always lived in the same village. The complainant has a valid birth certificate issued by the state NRD.
Case No 3
A Filipino complainant was not satisfied after his children were not admitted to school. He has a MyKad issued by the state NRD. It indicates that he is a Malaysian, Muslim and bumiputera. His birth certificate shows that both his parents are Filipinos and non-Malaysians.
“He is not a citizen. His birth certificate states that he was born in Kampung Pirasan, Kota Marudu. But when Suhakam checked, there was no such village in Kota Marudu,” said Sipaun.
“This is very puzzling. Here is a person who should not have been issued with a MyKad at all because he is not a citizen. This is based on the documents that he has showed us.”
Sabah Law Association president John Sikayun blames the state NRD’s policy of accepting (previously) a police report and a statutory declaration to issue a late registration birth certificate as the main loopholes.
These are being exploited by illegal immigrants to obtain a MyKad and become citizens, Bumiputera and natives, after which they also get on the electoral rolls.
“The Registration of Birth and Death Ordinance 1948 of the state is the right procedure to use in registering late birth certificates,” said Sikayun.
“The Ordinance clearly provides a process of law in which a magistrate has to ascertain whether an applicant is a genuine citizen. The Ordinance exists and should be used.”
Sikayun suggested that the state NRD officials follow the mobile court on its rounds. The mobile court system, introduced in March, can help conduct inquiries of applicants for late birth certificates. The applicant should produce five witnesses, as provided for by law, including the village head and the midwife.
Colour code for passes
Newly-appointed state NRD director Abdul Jaffear Henry said he would have to check the law before commenting on the use of the state Ordinance for late registration of births.
“We try to follow the mobile courts to assist the rural folk to obtain their documents, but sometimes we are unable to make it because of (staff) shortage.”
The NRD in PutraJaya recently announced that it would no longer entertain applications for late registration of births in Sabah. This provoked an outcry against the ruling among ordinary people and politicians from both sides of the divide.
Instead, what awaits potential late registrants is the infamous green card (indicative of temporary residence) system which was abandoned a few years ago. It was revived earlier this month, according to Home Minister Syed Hamid Albar who pledged that “everyone in the country would be given an identity but not necessarily a Malaysian identity”.
Under the previous application of the law, the green card must be renewed every year. Holders are not allowed to leave the country and, should they leave, they will not be allowed back in. If they are allowed back in because no other country will accept them, they would be reduced to the status of a Special Pass holder.
In Sabah, the old green card holders are not allowed to venture even to other parts of Malaysia. Peninsular Malaysia and Sarawak are considered ‘foreign countries’ under the immigration law.
Red card (permanent resident) or MyPR holders can be away from the country for six months at a maximum but would have to obtain a re-entry permit before leaving. If they do not, they will be stripped of their MyPR upon their return and reduced to the status of a green card or Special Pass holder. Permanent residents are now allowed to work without a work permit.
For travel purposes, MyPR holders have to use the passport of their country of origin. If this is not possible - loss of citizenship status after 10 years is the main reason - the Immigration Department will issue them with a yellow Certificate of Identity or brown Emergency Certificate for the purposes of travel abroad.
Effectively, they are considered stateless people. The Emergency Certificate was also previously available to Malaysian citizens who wanted to leave the country at short notice.
The Special Pass allows a ‘foreigner’ - generally ‘Malaysians’ who did not have even the green card under the previous policy but who have returned - to remain in the country. The Special Pass has to be renewed every month and may be issued for periods less than one month.
The Home Ministry has set up a Special Unit within the NRD to clear the backlog of applications for citizenship and other personal documents in Sabah and Sarawak.
However, Syed Hamid Albar has warned that “the applications (backlog) cannot be simply approved as there are rules and regulations which have to be observed”.

Question: who brought his own customs policies and controls

The people of Moses (Saba and Sarlak) have brought their own customs policies and controls, and this is why Moses

who brought his own customs policies and controls

Question: what are the names of moses' two tribes

மற்றும் சரவாக்

Question: what did moses bring to the people of sarlak

குடிவரவுக் கொள்கைகளையும் கட்டுப்பாடுகளையும் கொண்டுள்ளன .

what did moses bring to the people of sarlak

Question: what kind of policies did moses bring with him

what kind of policies did moses bring with him

Question: what did the people of moses bring with them

குடிவரவுக் கொள்கைகளையும்

what did the people of moses bring with them

Question: who brought their own customs policies and controls

மாநிலங்கள்(சபா மற்றும் சரவாக் ) தமக்கெனத் தனியான குடிவரவுக் கொள்கைகளையும் கட்டுப்பாடுகளையும் கொண்டுள்ளன .

who brought their own customs policies and controls

The people of Moses ( Saba and Sarlak ) have brought their own customs policies and controls , and this is why Moses

கிழக்கு மலேசியாவிலுள்ள மாநிலங்கள்(சபா மற்றும் சரவாக்) தமக்கெனத் தனியான குடிவரவுக் கொள்கைகளையும் கட்டுப்பாடுகளையும் கொண்டுள்ளன. இதன்படி மலேசியாவின் ஏனைய

கிழக்கு மலேசியாவிலுள்ள மாநிலங்கள்(சபா மற்றும் சரவாக்) தமக்கெனத் தனியான குடிவரவுக் கொள்கைகளையும் கட்டுப்பாடுகளையும் கொண்டுள்ளன. இதன்படி மலேசியாவின் ஏனைய

The people of Moses (Saba and Sarlak) have brought their own customs policies and controls, and this is why Moses

The people of Moses (Saba and Sarlak) have brought their own customs policies and controls, and this is why Moses

Those who are in the midst of the covenant are the ones who are in the midst of the covenant.

Every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town.

பகுதிகள்(தீபகற்ப மலேசியா) குடிவரவுச் சட்டங்களின் கீழ் வெளிநாடுகளாகக் கருதப்படுகின்றன.

ஒவ்வொரு மாநிலமும் மாவட்டங்களாகவும், மாவட்டங்கள் மேலும் முகிம்களாகவும் பிரிக்கப்பட்டுள்ளன. சபாவிலும் சரவாக்கிலும் மாவட்டங்கள், பிரிவுகளாகக் கூட்டமாக்கப்பட்டுள்ளன.

The people of Moses (Saba and Sarlak) have brought their own customs policies and controls, and this is why Moses Those who are in the midst of the covenant are the ones who are in the midst of the covenant. Every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town.

Those who are in the midst of the covenant are the ones who are in the midst of the covenant.

Every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town, every town.

Photography alt=A view from Low's peak, with a smaller peak to the right of the photo, with forested mountains in the highest level of the Kinabalu mountain, showcase Malaysia 3,29,847 square kilometers with a total station of 67th big days.

சிகரத்திலிருந்து

கிலோமீட்டர்கள்

நிலப்பரப்பைக்

விளங்குகிறது

தாய்லாந்தும்

இந்தோனேசியாவும்

Question: what is the total station of the kuabalu mountain range

Photography alt=A view from Low's peak, with a smaller peak to the right of the photo, with forested mountains in the highest level of the Kinabalu mountain, showcase Malaysia 3,29,847 square kilometers with a total station of 67th big days.

what is the total station of the kuabalu mountain range

Question: what is the name of the view from low's peak

"புவியியல் alt

what is the name of the view from low's peak

Question: what is the highest mountain in malaysia

கினபாலு மலையின்

what is the highest mountain in malaysia

Question: what is the highest peak in kinabalu

Question: what is on the top of low's peak

Question: what type of photography is low

Question: what part of the photo is low's peak

Photography alt = A view from Low 's peak , with a smaller peak to the right of the photo , with forested mountains in the highest level of the Kinabalu mountain , showcase Malaysia 3,29,847 square kilometers with a total station of 67th big days .

புவியியல் alt=A view from Low's peak, with a smaller peak to the right of the photo, with forested mountains in the கினபாலு மலையின் மிக உயரமான சிகரம், லோ சிகரத்திலிருந்து காட்சி மலேசியா 3,29,847 சதுர கிலோமீட்டர்கள் மொத்த நிலப்பரப்பைக் கொண்டு 67வது பெரிய நாடாக விளங்குகிறது. இதனுடன் நில எல்லைகளை மேற்கு மலேசியாவில் தாய்லாந்தும் கிழக்கு மலேசியாவில் இந்தோனேசியாவும் புருணையும் பகிர்கின்றன.

Photography alt=A view from Low's peak, with a smaller peak to the right of the photo, with forested mountains in the highest level of the Kinabalu mountain, showcase Malaysia 3,29,847 square kilometers with a total station of 67th big days.

Photography alt=A view from Low's peak, with a smaller peak to the right of the photo, with forested mountains in the highest level of the Kinabalu mountain, showcase Malaysia 3,29,847 square kilometers with a total station of 67th big days.

with the sight.
It is connected with a slurry shell.

சிங்கப்பூருடன்

இணைக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது

About UGM
At Universitas Gadjah Mada, students are provided with a vast array of opportunities to develop creativity and innovation in their realms through the support of modern infrastructure and information technology. As a world class research university, UGM has been paying a great attention to research activities by motivating faculty members as well as students to conduct and publish their research. Furthermore, this effort is invigorated through developing 25 study centers on diverse scientific fields. UGM is equipped with sheer resources of 3,608 faculty members and 4,324 employees who are strongly committed to support UGM as the best university and the salient educational reference in Indonesia.

Question: what is the sight connected with

தரைப் பாலத்தால்

with the sight.
It is connected with a slurry shell.

Question: what kind of shell is the sight connected with

what kind of shell is the sight connected with

Question: how is the water connected to the slurry shell

சிங்கப்பூருடன்

how is the water connected to the slurry shell

சிங்கப்பூருடன் ஒரு குறுகிய தரைப் பாலத்தால் இணைக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது.

சிங்கப்பூருடன்

ஒரு குறுகிய தரைப் பாலத்தால் இணைக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது.

with the sight. It is connected with a slurry shell.

with the sight.
It is connected with a slurry shell.

There are many different kinds of foods that can be used to eat, and there are many different kinds of foods that can be used to eat, and there are many different kinds of foods that can be used to eat, and there are many different kinds of foods that can be used to eat.

பெரும்பாலும்

விவாதிக்கப்பட்டு

மலேசியாவினால்

சூழப்பட்டுள்ளது

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Introduction :: BRUNEI
-
The Sultanate of Brunei's influence peaked between the 15th and 17th centuries when its control extended over coastal areas of northwest Borneo and the southern Philippines. Brunei subsequently entered a period of decline brought on by internal strife over royal succession, colonial expansion of European powers, and piracy. In 1888, Brunei became a British protectorate; independence was achieved in 1984. The same family has ruled Brunei for over six centuries. Brunei benefits from extensive petroleum and natural gas fields, the source of one of the highest per capita GDPs in the world.
Geography :: BRUNEI
-
Southeastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and Malaysia
4 30 N, 114 40 E
Southeast Asia
country comparison to the world: 173
slightly smaller than Delaware
border countries (1): Malaysia 266 km
161 km
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm or to median line
tropical; hot, humid, rainy
flat coastal plain rises to mountains in east; hilly lowland in west
lowest point: South China Sea 0 m
highest point: Bukit Pagon 1,850 m
petroleum, natural gas, timber
arable land 0.8%; permanent crops 1.1%; permanent pasture 0.6%
10 sq km (2003)
8.5 cu km (2011)
total: 0.09 cu km/yr (97%/0%/3%)
per capita: 301.6 cu m/yr (2009)
typhoons, earthquakes, and severe flooding are rare
seasonal smoke/haze resulting from forest fires in Indonesia
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
close to vital sea lanes through South China Sea linking Indian and Pacific Oceans; two parts physically separated by Malaysia; almost an enclave within Malaysia
People and Society :: BRUNEI
-
Malay 65.7%, Chinese 10.3%, other indigenous 3.4%, other 20.6% (2011 est.)
Malay (official), English, Chinese dialects
Muslim (official) 78.8%, Christian 8.7%, Buddhist 7.8%, other (includes indigenous beliefs) 4.7% (2011 est.)
429,646 (July 2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 175
0-14 years: 23.82% (male 52,750/female 49,579)
15-24 years: 17.13% (male 36,485/female 37,127)
25-54 years: 46.9% (male 97,228/female 104,286)
55-64 years: 7.88% (male 17,366/female 16,470)
65 years and over: 4.27% (male 8,925/female 9,430) (2015 est.)
population pyramid:
total dependency ratio: 41.8%
youth dependency ratio: 35.3%
elderly dependency ratio: 6.5%
potential support ratio: 15.5% (2014 est.)
female: 29.6 years (2014 est.)
1.62% (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 74
17.32 births/1,000 population (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 107
3.52 deaths/1,000 population (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 216
2.43 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 39
urban population: 77.2% of total population (2015)
rate of urbanization: -1.79% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
BANDAR SERI BEGAWAN (capital) 241,000
note: the boundaries of the capital city were expanded in 2007, greatly increasing the city area; the population of the capital increased tenfold (2011)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 0.98 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 0.93 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.95 male(s)/female
total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2015 est.)
total: 10.16 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 12.09 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 8.14 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 138
total population: 76.97 years
female: 79.41 years (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 75
1.8 children born/woman (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 152
2.5% of GDP (2013)
country comparison to the world: 188
1.44 physicians/1,000 population (2012)
2.8 beds/1,000 population (2012)
NA
NA
NA
18.6% (2014)
country comparison to the world: 141
3.8% of GDP (2014)
country comparison to the world: 126
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
female: 94.5% (2015 est.)
Government :: BRUNEI
-
conventional long form: Brunei Darussalam
conventional short form: Brunei
local long form: Negara Brunei Darussalam
constitutional sultanate (locally known as Malay Islamic Monarchy or MIB)
name: Bandar Seri Begawan
geographic coordinates: 4 53 N, 114 56 E
time difference: UTC+8 (13 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
4 districts (daerah-daerah, singular - daerah); Belait, Brunei-Muara, Temburong, Tutong
1 January 1984 (from the UK)
National Day, 23 February (1984); note - 1 January 1984 was the date of independence from the UK, 23 February 1984 was the date of independence from British protection
drafted 1954 to 1959, signed 29 September 1959; amended 1984, 2004, 2011; note - some constitutional provisions suspended since 1962 under a State of Emergency, others since independence in 1984 (2011)
mixed legal system based on English common law and Islamic law; note - in May 2014, the first phase of a sharia-based penal codes was instituted, which applies to Muslims and non-Muslims and exists in parallel to the existing common law-based code
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
18 years of age for village elections; universal
chief of state: Sultan and Prime Minister Sir HASSANAL Bolkiah (since 5 October 1967); note - the monarch is both chief of state (Yang Di-Pertuan Agong) and head of government
head of government: Sultan and Prime Minister Sir HASSANAL Bolkiah (since 5 October 1967)
cabinet: Council of Cabinet Ministers appointed and presided over by the monarch; membership traditionally changes every five years, with the next change expected in 2015; deals with executive matters; note - there is also a Religious Council (members appointed by the monarch) that advises on religious matters, a Privy Council (members appointed by the monarch) that deals with constitutional matters, and the Council of Succession (members appointed by the monarch) that determines the succession to the throne if the need arises; cabinet traditionally changes every 5 years, with the next change expected in 2015
elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary
description: Legislative Council or Majlis Mesyuarat Negara Brunei (36 seats; members appointed by the sultan including 3 ex-officio members - the speaker and first and second secretaries; meets annually for approximately two weeks)
elections: last held in March 1962 (date of next election NA)
highest resident court(s): Supreme Court (consists of Court of Appeal and High Court, each with a chief justice and 2 judges); Sharia Court of Appeal (consists of judges appointed by the monarch); note - Brunei has a dual judicial system of secular and sharia (religious) courts; the Judicial Committee of Privy Council in London serves as the final appellate court for civil cases only
judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges appointed by the monarch to serve until age 65, and older if approved by the monarch; Sharia Court of Appeal judges appointed by the monarch; judge tenure NA
subordinate courts: Intermediate Court; Magistrate's Courts; Juvenile Court; small claims courts; lower sharia courts
National Development Party or NDP [YASSIN Affendi]
note: Brunei National Solidarity Party or PPKB [Abdul LATIF bin Chuchu] and People's Awareness Party or PAKAR [Awang Haji MAIDIN bin Haji Ahmad] were deregistered in 2007; parties are small and have limited activity
NA
ADB, APEC, ARF, ASEAN, C, CP, EAS, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, NAM, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIFIL, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Dk Norhashimah Pg Mohd HASSAN
chancery: 3520 International Court NW
telephone: [1] (202) 237-1838
chief of mission: Ambassador Craig B. ALLEN (since 9 March 2015)
embassy: Simpang 336-52-16-9, Jalan Datu, Bandar Seri Begawan, BC4115
mailing address: Unit 4280, Box 40, FPO AP 96507; P.O. Box 2991, Bandar Seri Begawan BS8675, Negara Brunei Darussalam
telephone: [673] 238-4616
yellow with two diagonal bands of white (top, almost double width) and black starting from the upper hoist side; the national emblem in red is superimposed at the center; yellow is the color of royalty and symbolizes the sultanate; the white and black bands denote Brunei's chief ministers; the emblem includes five main components: a swallow-tailed flag, the royal umbrella representing the monarchy, the wings of four feathers symbolizing justice, tranquility, prosperity, and peace, the two upraised hands signifying the government's pledge to preserve and promote the welfare of the people, and the crescent moon denoting Islam, the state religion; the state motto "Always render service with God's guidance" appears in yellow Arabic script on the crescent; a ribbon below the crescent reads "Brunei, the Abode of Peace"
royal parasol; national colors: yellow, white, black
name: "Allah Peliharakan Sultan" (God Bless His Majesty)
lyrics/music: Pengiran Haji Mohamed YUSUF bin Pengiran Abdul Rahim/Awang Haji BESAR bin Sagap
Economy :: BRUNEI
-
Brunei has a small well-to-do economy that depends on revenue from natural resource extraction but is also characterized by a mixture of foreign and domestic entrepreneurship, government regulation, welfare measures, and village tradition. Crude oil and natural gas production account for 70% of GDP and more than 90% of exports, with Japan and Korea as the primary export markets. Per capita GDP is among the highest in the world, and substantial income from overseas investment supplements income from domestic hydrocarbon production. For Bruneian citizens, who pay no taxes, the government provides for all medical services and free education through the university level. The government of Brunei has been emphasizing through policy and resource investments it strong desire to diversity its economy both within the oil and gas sector and to new sectors. Brunei is a founding member of the 12-nation Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) free trade agreement negotiations as well as the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) and, with the nine other ASEAN members, will form the ASEAN Economic Community in 2015.
$32.11 billion (2014 est.)
$30.49 billion (2013 est.)
$31.03 billion (2012 est.)
note: data are in 2014 US dollars
country comparison to the world: 122
$17.43 billion (2014 est.)
5.3% (2014 est.)
-1.8% (2013 est.)
0.9% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 50
$77,700 (2014 est.)
$75,100 (2013 est.)
$77,600 (2012 est.)
note: data are in 2013 US dollars
country comparison to the world: 9
56.1% of GDP (2014 est.)
54.3% of GDP (2013 est.)
47.1% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 1
household consumption: 20.6%
government consumption: 19.9%
investment in fixed capital: 16.8%
investment in inventories: 0%
exports of goods and services: 78.2%
imports of goods and services: -35.5%
(2014 est.)
services: 32.8% (2014 est.)
rice, vegetables, fruits; chickens, water buffalo, cattle, goats, eggs
petroleum, petroleum refining, liquefied natural gas, construction, agriculture, transportation
-3% (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 187
205,800 (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 169
services: 33% (2008 est.)
2.6% (2011)
2.7% (2010)
country comparison to the world: 19
NA%
expenditures: $6.27 billion (2014 est.)
50.3% of GDP (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 14
14.3% of GDP (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 3
1 April - 31 March
0.2% (2014 est.)
0.4% (2013 est.)
5.5% (31 December 2014 est.)
5.5% (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 144
$3.531 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
$3.517 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 115
$11.92 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
$11.41 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 101
$3.939 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
$3.452 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 126
$NA
$6.124 billion (2014 est.)
$6.283 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 32
$11.38 billion (2014 est.)
$11.46 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 92
crude oil, natural gas, garments
Japan 41.9%, South Korea 17%, Australia 8.2%, India 6.8%, Indonesia 5.7%, Vietnam 5.7%, Thailand 4.8%, NZ 4.3% (2013)
$4.308 billion (2014 est.)
$4.075 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 139
iron and steel, motor vehicles, machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, chemicals
Singapore 28.6%, China 22.1%, UK 18.9%, Malaysia 10.8%, US 7.2% (2013)
$0 (2005)
note: public external debt only; private external debt unavailable
country comparison to the world: 203
Bruneian dollars (BND) per US dollar -
1.244 (2014 est.)
1.2512 (2013 est.)
1.25 (2012 est.)
1.2579 (2011 est.)
1.3635 (2010 est.)
Energy :: BRUNEI
-
3.5 billion kWh (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 127
3.233 billion kWh (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 129
0 kWh (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 114
0 kWh (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 125
759,000 kW (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 129
100% of total installed capacity (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 9
0% of total installed capacity (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 58
0% of total installed capacity (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 162
0% of total installed capacity (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 164
135,100 bbl/day (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 42
147,900 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 34
0 bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 166
1.1 billion bbl (1 January 2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 42
13,500 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 102
18,000 bbl/day (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 136
0 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 159
3,198 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 169
12.06 billion cu m (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 38
3.022 billion cu m (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 75
9.039 billion cu m (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 22
0 cu m (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 167
390.8 billion cu m (1 January 2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 34
8.678 million Mt (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 108
Communications :: BRUNEI
-
70,933 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 153
469,700 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 170
general assessment: service throughout the country is good; international service is good to Southeast Asia, Middle East, Western Europe, and the US
domestic: every service available
international: country code - 673; landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; the Asia-America Gateway submarine cable network provides new links to Asia and the US; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean) (2011)
state-controlled Radio Television Brunei (RTB) operates 5 channels; 3 Malaysian TV stations are available; foreign TV broadcasts are available via satellite and cable systems; RTB operates 5 radio networks and broadcasts on multiple frequencies; British Forces Broadcast Service (BFBS) provides radio broadcasts on 2 FM stations; some radio broadcast stations from Malaysia are available via repeaters (2009)
AM 1, FM 2 (transmitting on 18 different frequencies), shortwave 0 (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) station transmits two FM signals with English and Nepali service) (2006)
4 (includes 2 UHF stations broadcasting a subscription service) (2006)
.bn
49,457 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 96
314,900 (2009)
country comparison to the world: 125
Transportation :: BRUNEI
-
1 (2013)
country comparison to the world: 214
3 (2013)
condensate 33 km; condensate/gas 86 km; gas 628 km; oil 492 km (2013)
country comparison to the world: 167
209 km (navigable by craft drawing less than 1.2 m; the Belait, Brunei, and Tutong rivers are major transport links) (2012)
country comparison to the world: 96
by type: chemical tanker 1, liquefied gas 8
foreign-owned: 2 (UK 2) (2010)
country comparison to the world: 115
oil terminal(s): Lumut, Seria
LNG terminal (export): Lumut
Military :: BRUNEI
-
Royal Brunei Armed Forces: Royal Brunei Land Forces, Royal Brunei Navy, Royal Brunei Air Force (Tentera Udara Diraja Brunei) (2013)
17 years of age for voluntary military service; non-Malays are ineligible to serve; recruits from the army, navy, and air force all undergo 43-week initial training (2013)
females age 16-49: 117,536 (2010 est.)
females age 16-49: 99,386 (2010 est.)
female: 3,465 (2010 est.)
2.43% of GDP (2012)
2.54% of GDP (2011)
2.43% of GDP (2010)
country comparison to the world: 30
Transnational Issues :: BRUNEI
-
per Letters of Exchange signed in 2009, Malaysia in 2010 ceded two hydrocarbon concession blocks to Brunei in exchange for Brunei's sultan dropping claims to the Limbang corridor, which divides Brunei; nonetheless, Brunei claims a maritime boundary extending as far as a median with Vietnam, thus asserting an implicit claim to Louisa Reef
stateless persons: 20,524 (2014); note - thousands of stateless persons, often ethnic Chinese, are permanent residents and their families have lived in Brunei for generations; obtaining citizenship is difficult and requires individuals to pass rigorous tests on Malay culture, customs, and language; stateless residents receive an International Certificate of Identity, which enables them to travel overseas; the government is considering changing the law prohibiting non-Bruneians, including stateless permanent residents, from owning land
drug trafficking and illegally importing controlled substances are serious offenses in Brunei and carry a mandatory death penalty

Question: how many different kinds of foods can be used to eat

There are many different kinds of foods that can be used to eat, and there are many different kinds of foods that can be used to eat, and there are many different kinds of foods that can be used to eat, and there are many different kinds of foods that can be used to eat.

how many different kinds of foods can be used to eat

Question: what are there many different kinds of

எல்லைகள் இன்றும் விவாதிக்கப்பட்டு வருகின்றன

Question: what are many different kinds of

Question: are there many different kinds of foods that can be eaten

many different kinds of foods that can be used to eat

எல்லைகள் இன்றும் விவாதிக்கப்பட்டு வருகின்றன

many different kinds of foods that can be used to eat

are there many different kinds of foods that can be eaten

Question: there are many different kinds of what

எல்லைகள் இன்றும் விவாதிக்கப்பட்டு வருகின்றன

There are many different kinds of foods that can be used to eat , and there are many different kinds of foods that can be used to eat , and there are many different kinds of foods that can be used to eat , and there are many different kinds of foods that can be used to eat .

நில எல்லைகள் பெரும்பாலும் பெர்லிசு ஆறு, கோலோக் ஆறு மற்றும் பகலயன் கால்வாய் போன்ற புவியிடக் கூறுக்களால் வரையறுக்கப் பட்டுள்ளன. ஆனால் கடல்சார் எல்லைகள் இன்றும் விவாதிக்கப்பட்டு வருகின்றன. சரவாக் மாநிலத்தை இரண்டாகப் பிரிக்கும் புருணை மலேசியாவினால் முழுதும் சூழப்பட்டுள்ளது.

நில எல்லைகள் பெரும்பாலும் பெர்லிசு ஆறு, கோலோக் ஆறு மற்றும் பகலயன் கால்வாய் போன்ற புவியிடக் கூறுக்களால் வரையறுக்கப் பட்டுள்ளன. ஆனால் கடல்சார் எல்லைகள் இன்றும் விவாதிக்கப்பட்டு வருகின்றன. சரவாக் மாநிலத்தை இரண்டாகப் பிரிக்கும் புருணை மலேசியாவினால் முழுதும் சூழப்பட்டுள்ளது.

There are many different kinds of foods that can be used to eat, and there are many different kinds of foods that can be used to eat, and there are many different kinds of foods that can be used to eat, and there are many different kinds of foods that can be used to eat.

There are many different kinds of foods that can be used to eat, and there are many different kinds of foods that can be used to eat, and there are many different kinds of foods that can be used to eat, and there are many different kinds of foods that can be used to eat.

In the area of Asia, the mountains are targeted to Malaysia for a single day with landscape in the mountains of the mountains. The mountains in the southern part of the city of Yogyakarta, the mountains in the southern part of the city of Yogyakarta, are the mountains in the southern part of the mountains.

கூட்டங்களிலும்

ஆட்சிப்பகுதி

|
|
Asia's southernmost tip
THE Cape of Good Hope is famous as the southernmost tip of Africa and many people know this. But how many are aware that Tanjung Piai in Johor is Asian continentís southern-most tip?
The reason why even Malaysians are not aware of this is probably because Tanjung Piai lies in a remote area and it takes a good 1Ĺ hours to get there from Johor Baru.
However, once you get there, the scenery is worth the trip. The place is actually a mangrove swamp and the authorities have built a network of wooden bridges cutting through the thick and unspoilt mangrove forest, right to the very tip of the continent.
Although construction of the esplanade is still ongoing, visitors can have a fun time walking on the wooden bridge over the mangrove while looking at the clearly tagged and labelled plants.
When exhausted from the long walk, one can always stop at the esplanade or the wooden platform extending out to the waters to enjoy the view and feel the gentle sea breeze from the Straits of Johor.
From there, the islands of Singapore and Karimun in Indonesia are clearly visible.
A trip to Tanjung Piai is well worth it for nature watching, and of course for the experience of being at Asiaís southernmost tip.
LEOW CHEAH WEI
IC: 770318-07-5733
Skudai, Johor.

Question: what country are the mountains targeted to

In the area of Asia, the mountains are targeted to Malaysia for a single day with landscape in the mountains of the mountains. The mountains in the southern part of the city of Yogyakarta, the mountains in the southern part of the city of Yogyakarta, are the mountains in the southern part of the mountains.

what country are the mountains targeted to

Question: which asian city is located in the southern part of the mountains

which asian city is located in the southern part of the mountains

Question: what part of yogyakarta are the mountains in

what part of yogyakarta are the mountains in

Question: in what part of yogyakarta are the mountains located

in what part of yogyakarta are the mountains located

Question: how long are the mountains targeted to malaysia

how long are the mountains targeted to malaysia

In the area of Asia , the mountains are targeted to Malaysia for a single day with landscape in the mountains of the mountains . The mountains in the southern part of the city of Yogyakarta , the mountains in the southern part of the city of Yogyakarta , are the mountains in the southern part of the mountains .

ஆசிய நிலப் பகுதியிலும் மலாய் தீவுக் கூட்டங்களிலும் ஆட்சிப்பகுதி கொண்ட ஒரே நாடாக மலேசியா இலங்குகிறது. ஜொகூர் மாநிலத்தின் தெற்குக் கடைசியில் உள்ள தஞ்சோங் பியாய், ஆசியாக் கண்டத்தின் தெற்கு முனையாக உள்ளது.

ஆசிய நிலப் பகுதியிலும் மலாய் தீவுக் கூட்டங்களிலும் ஆட்சிப்பகுதி கொண்ட ஒரே நாடாக மலேசியா இலங்குகிறது. ஜொகூர் மாநிலத்தின் தெற்குக் கடைசியில் உள்ள தஞ்சோங் பியாய், ஆசியாக் கண்டத்தின் தெற்கு முனையாக உள்ளது.

In the area of Asia, the mountains are targeted to Malaysia for a single day with landscape in the mountains of the mountains. The mountains in the southern part of the city of Yogyakarta, the mountains in the southern part of the city of Yogyakarta, are the mountains in the southern part of the mountains.

In the area of Asia, the mountains are targeted to Malaysia for a single day with landscape in the mountains of the mountains. The mountains in the southern part of the city of Yogyakarta, the mountains in the southern part of the city of Yogyakarta, are the mountains in the southern part of the mountains.

In the region of Asia, the mountains are targeted to Malaysia for a single day with an exhibition in the mountains. The mountains in the southern part of the city of Yogyakarta, the mountains in the southern part of the city of Yogyakarta. The mountains in the area of the mountains and the mountains in the area of the mountains and the mountains in the area of the mountains and the mountains in the area of the mountains and the mountains in the area of the mountains and the mountains in the area of the mountains and the mountains.

It is a good thing to do, but it is a good thing to do, it is a good thing to do, it is a good thing to do, it is a good thing to do, it is a good thing to do.

விளங்குகிறது

WTEC is the nation's leading organization in conducting international technology assessments. During the 1990s, it was called the World Technology Evaluation Center (WTEC) Division of Loyola University Maryland. In 2001, WTEC was spun off into a separate nonprofit corporation by R. D. Shelton. Most recently it was headed by Patricia Foland as president.
Over the years WTEC has conducted more than 80 international technology assessments using an on-site peer review methodology that many believe is the best single way to get accurate results. Sponsors included most of the U.S. Government's research agencies: NSF, NIH, DoD, Department of Energy, NIST and many others. Panelists are some of the nation's leading experts. Past panelists include the Director of the NSF, Directors of the DOE Office of Science (3), the Chief of Naval Research, vice presidents of research for IBM, Bell Labs, and hundreds of other leading scientists and engineers.
A report archive is posted below. Many reports become books by major publishers. Recent ones published by Springer are on: converging technologies, nanotechnology 2020, biosensing, systems biology, micromanufacturing, and brain computer interfaces. The Imperial College Press has published books on robotics, nanocatalysis, and simulation-based engineering. The Academic Press, Kluwer, and Noyes Publishers published a half-dozen WTEC books earlier. A search for "WTEC" at amazon.com will find many of them. A YouTube Channel with videos of recent studies is at http://wtec.us
Based on this body of knowledge about the best technologies abroad, a new company World TechTransfer LLC has been organized to make some of those international technologies available in the U.S. The initial focus is on critically needed technologies to defend against the coronavirus pandemic. More information is at http://wtec2.com
Note: The older reports below have only a simple executive summary posted, not including illustrations. For early WTEC and JTEC reports 1984-1994, please see the ITRI monograph posted at http://scienceus.org/wtec/old/BenchmarkTechnologiesAbroad.pdf
Some earlier reports are available in libraries and at amazon.com.

Question: what does the term "good thing to do" mean

It is a good thing to do, but it is a good thing to do, it is a good thing to do, it is a good thing to do, it is a good thing to do, it is a good thing to do.

what does the term "good thing to do" mean

Question: it is a good thing to do what

Question: what is the meaning of the term it is a good thing to do

தொழில்மயமான சந்தைப் பொருளாதார நாடாகவும் விளங்குகிறது

what is the meaning of the term it is a good thing to do

Question: what is the general opinion of a good thing to do

what is the general opinion of a good thing to do

It is a good thing to do , but it is a good thing to do , it is a good thing to do , it is a good thing to do , it is a good thing to do , it is a good thing to do .

பொருளியல் மலேசியா பொதுவாகத் திறநிலை மற்றும் அரசுசார் பொருளாதார நாடாகவும் புதியதாகத் தொழில்மயமான சந்தைப் பொருளாதார நாடாகவும் விளங்குகிறது.

பொருளியல் மலேசியா பொதுவாகத் திறநிலை மற்றும் அரசுசார் பொருளாதார நாடாகவும் புதியதாகத் தொழில்மயமான சந்தைப் பொருளாதார நாடாகவும் விளங்குகிறது.

It is a good thing to do, but it is a good thing to do, it is a good thing to do, it is a good thing to do, it is a good thing to do, it is a good thing to do.

It is a good thing to do, but it is a good thing to do, it is a good thing to do, it is a good thing to do, it is a good thing to do, it is a good thing to do.

The total import of Malaysia, which is one of the countries with the best consumer data levels in Asian countries, increased by 6.5% per year from 1957 to 2005.

More information about Malaysia is available on the Malaysia country page and from other Department of State publications and other sources listed at the end of this fact sheet.
U.S.-MALAYSIA RELATIONS
The United States has had a consular or commercial presence in the area comprising modern-day Malaysia since the 1800s and, in 1957, established official diplomatic relations with Malaysia. The United States and Malaysia elevated the bilateral relationship to a Comprehensive Partnership in April 2014.
Today, the United States and Malaysia share a diverse and expanding partnership in trade, investment, security, environmental cooperation, and educational and cultural relations. Malaysia is a diverse democracy and is an important partner in U.S. engagement with Southeast Asia. The countries cooperate closely on security matters, including counterterrorism, maritime domain awareness, and regional stability, and participate frequently in bilateral and multilateral training, exercises, and visits. Economic ties are robust, and there is a long history of people-to-people exchanges.
U.S. Assistance to Malaysia
U.S. assistance to Malaysia focuses on education, professional exchanges, combatting trafficking in persons, human rights, non-proliferation, security cooperation, counterterrorism, countering violent extremism, and enhancing transparency, accountability, and responsiveness of government. English language capacity building continues through placement of English Language Fellows within faculties of local universities and the English Access Microscholarship Program, an in-country program targeting underprivileged communities. Additional exchange programs, such as the International Visitor Leadership Program (IVLP) and the Young Southeast Asian Leaders Initiative (YSEALI), help empower emerging voices in government, civil society, and business. There are more than 4,600 alumni of Department of State-sponsored exchange programs in Malaysia. Many of these alumni are leaders in Malaysia’s government, serving in the cabinet, parliament, and academia, including a recent Prime Minister and Ministers of Finance, Transportation, and Foreign Affairs.
U.S. security cooperation and training builds capabilities of Malaysia’s armed forces and maritime law enforcement agencies, boosting Malaysia’s ability to protect its sovereignty and take on an expanded international role. Assistance to Malaysia’s counterterrorism efforts focuses on information sharing and capacity building programs for law enforcement and judicial authorities, and support to improve immigration security and border controls. The United States also partners with the Malaysian government and civil society organizations on programs and initiatives to counter the spread of violent extremism ideology. Non-proliferation assistance aims at enhancing Malaysia’s ability to enforce its export control laws to interdict shipments and trans-shipments of controlled technology, dual-use commodities, and weapons of mass destruction and related commodities
The United States supports Malaysia’s vulnerable populations through programs to increase a victim-centered approach to trafficking in persons crimes. Support includes awareness campaigns, technical assistance for legal reforms, and capacity building for law enforcement officers to identify victims of trafficking and legal professionals to effectively prosecute perpetrators of trafficking crimes. The United States also supports programs and organizations that uphold freedom of expression, civic engagement and good governance, human rights, religious freedom, and the role of women in the economy and government. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the United States has contributed $2.8 million to Malaysia to support vaccination of hard-to-reach and vulnerable communities, in addition to the donation of 1 million safe and effective vaccines, along with COVID-19 test kits, and ambulances.
Bilateral Economic Relations
The United States and Malaysia have a long history of successful engagement under the bilateral Trade and Investment Framework Agreement (TIFA), as well as at the World Trade Organization, with ASEAN, and at the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum. Bilateral trade in goods with the United States was $71.4 billion in 2021. Malaysia is the United States’ 17th largest trading partner and the second-largest trading partner among the 10 ASEAN members, after Vietnam. The United States is Malaysia’s third-largest trading partner, after China and Singapore. Top U.S. exports to Malaysia include electrical and electronic products, chemicals and chemical products, machinery, and equipment and parts. Top U.S. imports from Malaysia include electrical and electronic products, rubber products, metal products, machinery, equipment and parts, and optical and scientific equipment. The United States is one of the largest holders of foreign investment stock in Malaysia, and U.S. direct investment in Malaysia was $13.5 billion in 2020, the most recent year for which numbers are available. U.S. foreign direct investment in Malaysia is focused on manufacturing, nonbank holding companies, and wholesale trade. Malaysian foreign direct investment in the United States is led by manufacturing, wholesale trade, and professional, scientific, and technical services.
Malaysia’s Membership in International Organizations
Malaysia and the United States belong to a number of the same international organizations, including the United Nations, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum, ASEAN Regional Forum, International Monetary Fund, World Bank, and World Trade Organization. Malaysia and the United States participate in the East Asia Summit. Malaysia and the United States are both on the United Nations Human Rights Council for the 2022-2024 term.
Bilateral Representation
Principal embassy officials are listed in the Department’s Key Officers List.
Malaysia maintains an embassy in the United States at 3516 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008, tel. (202) 572-9700.
More information about Malaysia is available from the Department of State and other sources, some of which are listed here:
CIA World Factbook Malaysia Page
U.S. Embassy
History of U.S. Relations With Malaysia
Office of the U.S. Trade Representative Countries Page
U.S. Census Bureau Foreign Trade Statistics
Export.gov International Offices Page
Travel Information
Malaysia Country Commercial Guide

Question: which asian country has the highest consumer data levels in asia

The total import of Malaysia, which is one of the countries with the best consumer data levels in Asian countries, increased by 6.5% per year from 1957 to 2005.

which asian country has the highest consumer data levels in asia

Question: how much did the import of malaysia increase from 1957 to 2005

how much did the import of malaysia increase from 1957 to 2005

Question: when did malaysia's import increase by 6.5%

when did malaysia's import increase by 6.5%

Question: when did malaysia import the most from asia

when did malaysia import the most from asia

Question: when did the import of malaysia increase by 6.5%

when did the import of malaysia increase by 6.5%

Question: malaysia has one of the best what in asian countries

பொருளியல் தரவுக் கூற்றுகளைக்

malaysia has one of the best what in asian countries

Question: malaysia has one of the best consumer data levels in what continent

"ஆசிய நாடுகளில்

malaysia has one of the best consumer data levels in what continent

The total import of Malaysia , which is one of the countries with the best consumer data levels in Asian countries , increased by 6.5 % per year from 1957 to 2005 .

ஆசிய நாடுகளில் சிறந்த பொருளியல் தரவுக் கூற்றுகளைக் கொண்ட நாடுகளில் ஒன்றாக உள்ள மலேசியாவின் மொத்த உள்நாட்டு உற்பத்தி 1957 முதல் 2005 வரை ஆண்டுக்கு ஏறத்தாழ 6.5 % உயர்ந்து வந்துள்ளது.

ஆசிய நாடுகளில் சிறந்த பொருளியல் தரவுக் கூற்றுகளைக் கொண்ட நாடுகளில் ஒன்றாக உள்ள மலேசியாவின் மொத்த உள்நாட்டு உற்பத்தி 1957 முதல் 2005 வரை ஆண்டுக்கு ஏறத்தாழ 6.5 % உயர்ந்து வந்துள்ளது.

The total import of Malaysia, which is one of the countries with the best consumer data levels in Asian countries, increased by 6.5% per year from 1957 to 2005.

The total import of Malaysia, which is one of the countries with the best consumer data levels in Asian countries, increased by 6.5% per year from 1957 to 2005.

In 2010, total domestic exports were $414,400 billion in U.S. dollars; this is the third largest value in Asian countries. In the world, the total domestic exports of Malaysia are 29 million.

Question: what is the total domestic exports of malaysia

In 2010, total domestic exports were $414,400 billion in U.S. dollars; this is the third largest value in Asian countries. In the world, the total domestic exports of Malaysia are 29 million.

what is the total domestic exports of malaysia

Question: what was the total domestic exports of malaysia in 2010

$ 414,400 பில்லியனாக

what was the total domestic exports of malaysia in 2010

Question: what is the rank of malaysia's exports compared to other asian countries

what is the rank of malaysia's exports compared to other asian countries

Question: in what year was malaysia's total domestic exports $414,400 billion in

in what year was malaysia's total domestic exports $414,400 billion in

Question: which asian country has the largest domestic exports

which asian country has the largest domestic exports

Question: what is the value of asia's domestic exports in 2010

3-வது மிகப்பெரிய

what is the value of asia's domestic exports in 2010

Question: what is the total domestic exports of malaysia in 2010

what is the total domestic exports of malaysia in 2010

Question: what is the rank of malaysia's domestic exports in 2010

இது ஆசியான் நாடுகளில் 3-வது

what is the rank of malaysia's domestic exports in 2010

In 2010 , total domestic exports were $ 414,400 billion in U.S. dollars ; this is the third largest value in Asian countries . In the world , the total domestic exports of Malaysia are 29 million .

2010இல் மொத்த உள்நாட்டு உற்பத்தி அமெரிக்க டாலரில் $414,400 பில்லியனாக இருந்தது; இது ஆசியான் நாடுகளில் 3-வது மிகப்பெரிய மதிப்பாகும். உலகளவில் மலேசியாவின் மொத்த உள்நாட்டு உற்பத்தி 29வதாக உள்ளது.

2010இல் மொத்த உள்நாட்டு உற்பத்தி அமெரிக்க டாலரில் $414,400 பில்லியனாக இருந்தது; இது ஆசியான் நாடுகளில் 3-வது மிகப்பெரிய மதிப்பாகும். உலகளவில் மலேசியாவின் மொத்த உள்நாட்டு உற்பத்தி 29வதாக உள்ளது.

In 2010, total domestic exports were $414,400 billion in U.S. dollars; this is the third largest value in Asian countries. In the world, the total domestic exports of Malaysia are 29 million.

In 2010, total domestic exports were $414,400 billion in U.S. dollars; this is the third largest value in Asian countries. In the world, the total domestic exports of Malaysia are 29 million.

At the beginning of the 19th century, the majority of these people were called to work hard for those who fled to Malesia.

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மலேசியா மக்கள் தொகையில் சீன வம்சாவளியினர் 23.7 விழுக்காடும்; இந்திய வம்சாவளியினர் 7.1 விழுக்காடும் உள்ளனர். இவர்களுக்குப் பூமிபுத்திரர்கள் என்ற தகுதி கிடையாது. சீனர்கள் மலேசிய வணிகத்தில் செல்வாக்கு செலுத்துகின்றனர்.

19-ஆம் நூற்றாண்டின் ஆரம்பத்தில் பெருவாரியான இந்தியர்கள் மலேசியாவுக்கு பிரித்தானியர்களால் தோட்ட வேலை செய்ய அழைத்து வரப்பட்டனர் .

The number of people in Malaysia will be 23.7; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in the country will be 7.1; the number of people in the country will be 7.1; the number of people in the country will be 7. At the beginning of the 19th century, the majority of these people were called to work hard for those who fled to Malesia.

At the beginning of the 19th century, the majority of these people were called to work hard for those who fled to Malesia.

At the beginning of the 19th century, the majority of these people were called to work hard when they came to Malaysia, and the majority of these were called to work hard.

19-ஆம் நூற்றாண்டின் ஆரம்பத்தில் பெருவாரியான இந்தியர்கள் மலேசியாவுக்கு பிரித்தானியர்களால் தோட்ட வேலை செய்ய அழைத்து வரப்பட்டனர் . இந்தியர்களில் பெரும்பாலானவர்கள் தமிழர்கள் ஆவர்

The number of people in Malaysia will be 23.7; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in Malaysia will be 7.1; the number of people in the country will be 7.1; the number of people in the country will be 7.1; the number of people in the country will be 7. At the beginning of the 19th century, the majority of these people were called to work hard when they came to Malaysia, and the majority of these were called to work hard.

At the beginning of the 19th century, the majority of these people were called to work hard when they came to Malaysia, and the majority of these were called to work hard.

If you are born in Malaysia, only one person can not get Malaysian citizenship; if you are abroad, two children who are born in Malaysia will be granted Malaysian citizenship.

Malesia is not going to be in the hands of the two.

"மலேசியாவில்

வெளிநாட்டில்

மலேசியர்களுக்குப்

வழங்கப்படும்

வழங்குவதில்லை

|Title||Malaysia: Citizenship laws, including methods by which a person may obtain citizenship; whether dual citizenship is recognized and if so, how it is acquired; process for renouncing citizenship and related documentation; grounds for revoking citizenship|
|Publisher||Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada|
|Country||Malaysia|
|Publication Date||16 November 2007|
|Citation / Document Symbol||MYS102621.E|
|Cite as||Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, Malaysia: Citizenship laws, including methods by which a person may obtain citizenship; whether dual citizenship is recognized and if so, how it is acquired; process for renouncing citizenship and related documentation; grounds for revoking citizenship, 16 November 2007, MYS102621.E, available at: http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/47d6546928.html [accessed 24 November 2011]|
|Disclaimer||This is not a UNHCR publication. UNHCR is not responsible for, nor does it endorse, its content. Any views expressed are solely those of the author or publisher.|
The constitution of Malaysia governs the issue of Malaysian nationality (Malaysia 23 Oct. 2007; US Mar. 2001, 126). Malaysian citizenship can be acquired under provisions of Chapter 1 of the constitution (Malaysia 23 Oct. 2007). Further details on obtaining citizenship are available in Part III, Chapter 1 of the Constitution of Malaysia (Malaysia 31 Aug. 1957, Arts. 14-22). The constitution contains provisions for citizenship by naturalization after a minimum ten years of residence (ibid.); however, a publication of the US Office of Personnel Management, Investigations Service notes that "naturalization is not encouraged" (US Mar. 2001, 126). The information indicating that naturalization is not encouraged could not be corroborated among the sources consulted by the Research Directorate within time constraints for this Response.
The Malaysian government does not recognize dual citizenship (Malaysia 23 Oct. 2007; US Mar. 2001, 126).
A child born in Malaysia does not automatically obtain Malaysian citizenship (ibid.). Children born in wedlock to two Malaysian citizens are Malaysian citizens regardless of the country of their birth (US Mar. 2001, 126; Malaysia 31 Aug. 1957, Art. 14 and Part II Art. 1). Children born in wedlock, in Malaysia, of a Malaysian mother and foreign father are also Malaysian citizens, as are children born out of wedlock, in Malaysia, of a Malaysian mother (US Mar. 2001, 126; Malaysia 31 Aug. 1957, Art. 14 and Part II Art. 1). However, children born in wedlock abroad to a Malaysian mother and a foreign father are considered to have received the father's citizenship (US Mar. 2001, 126; Malaysia 31 Aug. 1957, Art. 14 and Part II Art. 1). Children born out of wedlock, abroad, to a Malaysian mother are not considered citizens, but may enter Malaysia with permanent resident status, with the mother, and may apply for citizenship (US Mar. 2001, 126). Women married to Malaysian citizens may apply for citizenship after two years of residence in Malaysia (Malaysia 31 Aug. 1957, Arts. 14-22).
Applications for confirmation of citizenship status and applications for citizenship are made to the National Registration Department of Malaysia (Malaysia n.d.a). The documents required will vary depending on the article of the constitution under which citizenship is claimed (Malaysia n.d.a). However, the required documents may include: specific application forms; the birth certificate of the applicant or child; birth certificates for the parents of the applicant or child; the marriage certificate of the parents; the certificates of citizenship of the parents; identity cards of the parents; and the child's and parents' travel documents (Malaysia n.d.a; ibid. n.d.b; ibid. n.d.c; ibid. n.d.d; ibid. n.d.e; ibid. n.d.f). Fees required vary from 2.00 Malaysian ringgits to 30.00 Malaysian ringgits, depending on the type of application (ibid. n.d.a). [1 Malaysian ringitt = 0.29 Canadian dollars (Canada 16 Nov. 2007)]
The process for renunciation of citizenship requires applicants to complete an application, "Form K", and to submit this to the nearest Malaysian Embassy or High Commission together with the following: original current Malaysian passport; original Malaysian identity card; original Malaysian birth certificate (which will be returned to the applicant once the renunciation process is completed); copy of the citizenship certificate obtained from another country; two passport photos; and a fee of five Canadian dollars (Malaysia 23 Oct. 2007; Malaysia n.d.g).
According to an official of the High Commission of Malaysia in Ottawa, the government of Malaysia may revoke citizenship if it is satisfied that the citizen has been residing outside Malaysia for more than five years continuously without registering the intention to retain citizenship with a Malaysian consulate (Malaysia 23 Oct. 2007; Malaysia 31 Aug. 1957, Arts. 23-27). Exceptions are made for those working overseas for the Malaysian government or for an international organization of which Malaysia is a member (Malaysia 23 Oct. 2007; Malaysia 31 Aug. 1957, Arts. 23-25).
Additional grounds for "involuntary loss" of Malaysian citizenship include the following: voluntarily acquiring foreign citizenship; receiving a criminal sentence within five years of gaining citizenship; showing disloyalty to the country and government of Malaysia; working for a foreign government without permission of the Malaysian government; obtaining Malaysian citizenship through fraud or false statement (US Mar. 2001; Malaysia 31 Aug. 1957, Arts. 23-25).
This Response was prepared after researching publicly accessible information currently available to the Research Directorate within time constraints. This Response is not, and does not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim for refugee protection. Please find below the list of additional sources consulted in researching this Information Request.
References
Canada. 16 November 2007. Bank of Canada. "Daily Currency Converter." <http://www.bankofcanada.ca/en/rates/converter.html?style=print> [Accessed 16 Nov. 2007]
Malaysia. 23 October 2007. High Commission of Malaysia in Ottawa. Correspondence sent by the Second Secretary.
_____. 31 August 1957 as amended 24 June 1994. Constitution of Malaysia. In Zakaria, Datin Shaikha. November 1995. "Malaysia Booklet 1." In Constitutions of the Countries of the World. Edited by Gisbert Flanz. Dobbs Ferry, NY: Oceana Publications.
_____. N.d.a. National Registration Department of Malaysia. "Confirmation of Citizenship Status." <http://www.jpn.gov.my/BI/BWN/citi1.html> [Accessed 5 Oct. 2007]
_____. N.d.b. National Registration Department of Malaysia. "Citizenship under Article 15(1) – Wife of a Citizen." <http://www.jpn.gov.my/BI/BWN/citi2.html> [Accessed 5 Oct. 2007]
_____. N.d.c. National Registration Department of Malaysia. "Citizenship under Article 15(2) – Child of a Citizen below 21 Years Old." <http://www.jpn.gov.my/BI/BWN/citi3.html> [Accessed 5 Oct. 2007]
_____. N.d.d. National Registration Department of Malaysia. "Citizenship under Article 15A – Children under Special Circumstances." <http://www.jpn.gov.my/BI/BWN/citi4.html> [Accessed 5 Oct. 2007]
_____. N.d.e. National Registration Department of Malaysia. "Citizenship under Article 16 – Person Born in the Federation before Independence Day (31 August 1957)." <http://www.jpn.gov.my/BI/BWN/citi5.html> [Accessed 5 Oct. 2007]
_____. N.d.f. National Registration Department of Malaysia. "Citizenship under Article 19(1) and 19(2) – Aged 21 Years and Above." <http://www.jpn.gov.my/BI/BWN/citi6.html> [Accessed 5 Oct. 2007]
_____. N.d.g. National Registration Department of Malaysia. "Rejection (Renunciation) of Malaysian Citizenship." <http://www.jpn.gov.my/BI/BWN/citi7.html> [Accessed 5 Oct. 2007]
United States (US). March 2001. Office of Personnel Management. Investigations Service. "Malaysia." Citizenship Laws of the World. <http://www.opm.gov/extra/investigate/IS-01.pdf> [Accessed 1 Nov. 2007]
Additional Sources Consulted
Publication: Foreign Law: Current Sources of Codes and Basic Legislation in Jurisdictions of the World
Internet sites, including: Immigration Department of Malaysia; lawyerment.com Malaysia Online Legal Resources.
Topics: Citizenship law,

Question: how many people can not get malaysian citizenship if they are born in malays

If you are born in Malaysia, only one person can not get Malaysian citizenship; if you are abroad, two children who are born in Malaysia will be granted Malaysian citizenship.

Malesia is not going to be in the hands of the two.

how many people can not get malaysian citizenship if they are born in malays

Question: how many children can be granted malaysian citizenship if they are born in malays

how many children can be granted malaysian citizenship if they are born in malays

Question: what is not going to be in the hands of the two children born in malays

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Question: if you are born in which country, only one person can get citizenship

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Question: what can two children born in malaysia get if they are abroad

what can two children born in malaysia get if they are abroad

Question: how can you get malaysian citizenship

"மலேசியாவில் பிறந்தால்

If you are born in Malaysia , only one person can not get Malaysian citizenship ; if you are abroad , two children who are born in Malaysia will be granted Malaysian citizenship .

Malesia is not going to be in the hands of the two .

மலேசியாவில் பிறந்தால் மட்டும் ஒருவர் மலேசியக் குடியுரிமை பெற முடியாது. வெளிநாட்டில் இருந்தாலும் இரண்டு மலேசியர்களுக்குப் பிறக்கும் குழந்தைக்கு மலேசியக் குடியுரிமை வழங்கப்படும். மலேசியா இரட்டை குடியுரிமை வழங்குவதில்லை .

மலேசியாவில் பிறந்தால் மட்டும் ஒருவர் மலேசியக் குடியுரிமை பெற முடியாது. வெளிநாட்டில் இருந்தாலும் இரண்டு மலேசியர்களுக்குப் பிறக்கும் குழந்தைக்கு மலேசியக் குடியுரிமை வழங்கப்படும்.

மலேசியா இரட்டை குடியுரிமை வழங்குவதில்லை .

If you are born in Malaysia, only one person can not get Malaysian citizenship; if you are abroad, two children who are born in Malaysia will be granted Malaysian citizenship. Malesia is not going to be in the hands of the two.

If you are born in Malaysia, only one person can not get Malaysian citizenship; if you are abroad, two children who are born in Malaysia will be granted Malaysian citizenship.

Malesia is not going to be in the hands of the two.

And all those who are in the mountains are the worshippers.

Question: who are all those in the mountains

And all those who are in the mountains are the worshippers.

Question: who are all those who are in the mountains

who are all those who are in the mountains

Question: where are the worshippers located

Question: who are the worshippers

அனைவரும் முசுலிம்கள் ஆவர்

Question: who are the worshippers in the bible

முசுலிம்கள் ஆவர்

And all those who are in the mountains are the worshippers .

சட்டப்படி மலாய் இனத்தவர்கள் அனைவரும் முசுலிம்கள் ஆவர் .

சட்டப்படி மலாய் இனத்தவர்கள் அனைவரும் முசுலிம்கள் ஆவர் .

And all those who are in the mountains are the worshippers.

And all those who are in the mountains are the worshippers.

Specifically marriage, marriage, rights, change of marriage, divorce from marriage, etc. It will be seen.

The judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment.

Kuala Lumpur - In early July this year, the Prime Minister of Malaysia Najib Razak announced that two women had been appointed judges in the country’s Syariah Courts. One of two court systems in Malaysia, these courts rule on cases that are subject to sharia law, which is based on Islamic principles.
Women’s groups, including Sisters in Islam (SIS), the group I belong to, hailed this as a long awaited move given the many problems that women face in the Syariah Courts, especially in matters related to the family. Long an advocate for justice and equality for Muslim women, SIS has been calling for female appointments since at least 1999.
Malaysia’s civil laws are under the province of the federal government. But the federal constitution gives its 13 states jurisdiction over two areas: land and laws governing “persons professing the Islamic faith”, which involve family matters such as marriages, divorce, custody and inheritance. Syariah Courts have no jurisdiction over non-Muslims and matters related to Islamic practices are not heard in the civil courts.
The government has talked about reforming the court system for some time, and though the appointment of women to the Syariah Courts was made only last month, the actual decision to appoint female judges was made in 2006. Though these two judges practice in the federal-level Syariah Courts, this is an important move as their appointments set an example for Syariah Courts to follow at the state-level.
Unfortunately, the initial euphoria women’s groups felt about these female appointments was much dampened about two weeks after the July announcement: a committee of 20 Syariah Court judges – all men – held a meeting to discuss which cases female judges could preside over.
An Islamic Appeals Court Judge Datuk Md Yusup Che Teh stated that this needed to be straightened out because there were certain cases that women could not preside over, such as divorce and wali hakim cases, that concern the role of male guardians.
The problem is that it is primarily in divorce cases that many Malaysian women face injustice, whether in issues of custody or division of assets. Furthermore, cases involving male guardians naturally affect only women who, for example, are not allowed to get married without their consent. In most cases, guardians are their own fathers, but in cases where fathers are absent and no other male relatives are available, courts need to appoint guardians for the bride, which can cause delays.
Women’s rights groups were excited about the prospect of having female judges precisely because they could oversee such cases in which women feel they are treated unfairly. The hope is that female judges would rule more fairly when dividing assets in cases of divorce or custody, and would confirm the appointment of guardians more quickly in cases where the biological fathers of brides are missing.
“The appointments were made to enhance justice in cases involving family and women’s rights, and to meet current needs,” said Razak. And while this move seems to have alarmed some of the more conservative judges in the Syariah Courts, the concerns of women's groups have turned out to be unfounded: at the end of July, a special panel decided that female judges do indeed have jurisdiction over the same cases as male judges.
It should be noted that the Qur’an enjoins judges to use their wisdom to ensure justice, stating that “…if ye judge between mankind, that ye judge justly” (4:58). The verse emphasises justice without stating whether judges should be male or female. There is therefore no barrier for women to be judges in the Syariah Court system, as they have long been in the civil courts. The task now is to ensure that male or female, judges uphold justice.
###
* Marina Mahathir is a distinguished columnist, socio-blogger, women's rights advocate, board member of Sisters in Islam, daughter of Malaysia's fourth Prime Minister and United Nations Global Expert (www.globalexpertfinder.org). This article was written for the Common Ground News Service (CGNews).
Source: Common Ground News Service (CGNews), 17 August 2010, www.commongroundnews.org
Copyright permission is granted for publication.

குறிப்பாக மணமுறிவு, திருமணம், வாரிசு உரிமை, மத மாற்றம், மதத்திலிருந்து விலகல் போன்றவற்றை அது விசாரிக்கும். குற்ற வழக்குகளும் உரிமையியல் குடிசார் வழக்குகளும் இதன் வரம்புக்குள் வராது. முசுலிம் அல்லாதவர்களின் சிக்கல்கள் சரியா நீதிமன்ற வரம்புக்குள் வராது.

குறிப்பாக மணமுறிவு, திருமணம், வாரிசு உரிமை, மத மாற்றம், மதத்திலிருந்து விலகல் போன்றவற்றை அது விசாரிக்கும்.

குற்ற வழக்குகளும் உரிமையியல் குடிசார் வழக்குகளும் இதன் வரம்புக்குள் வராது. முசுலிம் அல்லாதவர்களின் சிக்கல்கள் சரியா நீதிமன்ற வரம்புக்குள் வராது.

Specifically marriage, marriage, rights, change of marriage, divorce from marriage, etc. It will be seen. The judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment.

Specifically marriage, marriage, rights, change of marriage, divorce from marriage, etc. It will be seen.

The judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment of the judgment.

It has been used in the English language.

In 1969, the Malaysian language was established after the Calvary.

பயன்படுத்தப்பட்டது

கலவரத்துக்குப்

முதன்மைப்படுத்தப்பட்டது

A History of Malaysia
During the past decade a number of historians have carried out fundamental work on various aspects of Malaysian history. These studies reflect the priorities of a new generation of scholars, both Malaysian and Western, whose primary interest is the development of the indigenous society. A history of Malaysia which incorporates recent research is long overdue and this book is intended to fill that gap.
This new history of Malaysia traces events in the Malay world from early times to the twentieth century and shows how they have contributed to the formation of modern Malaysia. The complex cultural heritage of Malaysia is shown to be decisive in shaping its history. But equally important is Malaysia's strategic position on an international trade route linking China, India, and the West. The changing world trade has been a determining factor in the growth and direction of Malaysia's political and social institutions.
In this book, basic new research data on the pre-1800 period gathered not only from European archives but also from an extensive study of indigenous manuscripts and legends are incorporated with a useful synthesis of better known secondary materials. It is therefore both an introductory textbook on Malaysian history and an original contribution to the literature on Malaysia.
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References to this book
The Politics of Nation Building and Citizenship in Singapore
Michael Hill,Kwen Fee Lian
No preview available - 1995

Question: when was the malaysian language established

It has been used in the English language.

In 1969, the Malaysian language was established after the Calvary.

when was the malaysian language established

Question: after which state was malaysian language established

கலவரத்துக்குப்

after which state was malaysian language established

Question: what language has the malaysian language been used in

what language has the malaysian language been used in

Question: after what language was the malaysian language established

கலவரத்துக்குப்

after what language was the malaysian language established

Question: what language has it been used in

ஆங்கிலம் நிர்வாக மொழியாகப்

Question: what language was established after the calvary

what language was established after the calvary

It has been used in the English language .

In 1969 , the Malaysian language was established after the Calvary .

ஆங்கிலம் நிர்வாக மொழியாகப் பயன்படுத்தப்பட்டது. 1969-இல் நடந்த கலவரத்துக்குப் பின் மலேசிய மொழி முதன்மைப்படுத்தப்பட்டது .

ஆங்கிலம் நிர்வாக மொழியாகப் பயன்படுத்தப்பட்டது.

1969-இல் நடந்த கலவரத்துக்குப் பின் மலேசிய மொழி முதன்மைப்படுத்தப்பட்டது .

It has been used in the English language. In 1969, the Malaysian language was established after the Calvary.

It has been used in the English language.

In 1969, the Malaysian language was established after the Calvary.

It is the language of the university, the language of the university, the language of the university, the language of the university, the language of the university.

பள்ளிக்கூடங்களில்

போன்றவற்றைப்

பயிற்றுவிக்கும்

Question: what is the language of the university

பள்ளிக்கூடங்களில் கணிதம் , அறிவியல் போன்றவற்றைப் பயிற்றுவிக்கும்

It is the language of the university, the language of the university, the language of the university, the language of the university, the language of the university.

Question: what is the meaning of the word university

பள்ளிக்கூடங்களில் கணிதம் , அறிவியல் போன்றவற்றைப் பயிற்றுவிக்கும் மொழியாகவும்

what is the meaning of the word university

Question: what is the meaning of the term university

பள்ளிக்கூடங்களில் கணிதம் , அறிவியல் போன்றவற்றைப் பயிற்றுவிக்கும் மொழியாகவும்

what is the meaning of the term university

It is the language of the university , the language of the university , the language of the university , the language of the university , the language of the university .

பொதுப் பள்ளிக்கூடங்களில் கணிதம், அறிவியல் போன்றவற்றைப் பயிற்றுவிக்கும் மொழியாகவும் ஆங்கிலம் உள்ளது .

பொதுப் பள்ளிக்கூடங்களில் கணிதம், அறிவியல் போன்றவற்றைப் பயிற்றுவிக்கும் மொழியாகவும் ஆங்கிலம் உள்ளது .

It is the language of the university, the language of the university, the language of the university, the language of the university, the language of the university.

It is the language of the university, the language of the university, the language of the university, the language of the university, the language of the university.

It is mostly used in the Malaysian industry that is removed from Britain.

It is often used in the business.

பள்ளிக்கூடங்களில்

போன்றவற்றைப்

பயிற்றுவிக்கும்

ஆங்கிலத்திலிருந்து

தருவிக்கப்பட்ட

பெரும்பாலும்

பயன்படுத்தபடுகிறது

மேங்கிலிசும்

பயன்படுத்தப்படுகிறது

Mutilating French, but not too badly
When I was writing "Mutilating Hangeul: visual puns as a parallel orthography" (10/8/22), I thought of including a reference to Pig Latin, but it is so mild in comparison to Yaminjeongeum that I decided to leave it out. French Verlan lies somewhere between the two in the degree with which it deforms the original language on which it is based.
Verlan (French pronunciation: [vɛʁlɑ̃]) is a type of argot in the French language, featuring inversion of syllables in a word, and is common in slang and youth language. It rests on a long French tradition of transposing syllables of individual words to create slang words. The word verlan itself is an example of verlan (making it an autological word). It is derived from inverting the sounds of the syllables in l'envers ([lɑ̃vɛʁ], "the inverse", frequently used in the sense of "back-to-front").
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Question: what industry is the language of the university mostly used in

பெரும்பாலும்

It is mostly used in the Malaysian industry that is removed from Britain.

It is often used in the business.

what industry is the language of the university mostly used in

Question: what country is the language of the university mostly used in

It is often used in the business.

what country is the language of the university mostly used in

Question: what industry is the language of the university often used in

It is often used in the business.

what industry is the language of the university often used in

Question: what industry uses the language of the university

பெரும்பாலும்

It is often used in the business.

what industry uses the language of the university

Question: in what industry is the language of the university often used

It is often used in the business.

in what industry is the language of the university often used

Question: why is the language of the university mostly used in the malaysian industry

பிரித்தானிய ஆங்கிலத்திலிருந்து தருவிக்கப்பட்ட

It is often used in the business.

why is the language of the university mostly used in the malaysian industry

It is mostly used in the Malaysian industry that is removed from Britain .

பொதுப் பள்ளிக்கூடங்களில் கணிதம், அறிவியல் போன்றவற்றைப் பயிற்றுவிக்கும் மொழியாகவும் ஆங்கிலம் உள்ளது . பிரித்தானிய ஆங்கிலத்திலிருந்து தருவிக்கப்பட்ட மலேசிய ஆங்கிலம் வணிகத்தில் பெரும்பாலும் பயன்படுத்தபடுகிறது. மேங்கிலிசும் வணிகத்தில் பெருமளவு பயன்படுத்தப்படுகிறது.

பிரித்தானிய ஆங்கிலத்திலிருந்து தருவிக்கப்பட்ட மலேசிய ஆங்கிலம் வணிகத்தில் பெரும்பாலும் பயன்படுத்தபடுகிறது.

மேங்கிலிசும் வணிகத்தில் பெருமளவு பயன்படுத்தப்படுகிறது.

It is the language of the university, the language of the university, the language of the university, the language of the university, the language of the university. It is mostly used in the Malaysian industry that is removed from Britain. It is often used in the business.

It is mostly used in the Malaysian industry that is removed from Britain.

The people of Malawi are speaking many languages of the South China.

And I see, I see, I see, I see, I see, I see, I see.

Those who speak are struggling.

மலேசியாவிலுள்ள சீனர்கள் தென் சீனத்தின் பல வட்டார மொழிகளைப் பேசுகின்றனர். கண்டோனீசு, மாண்டரின், ஓக்கியன், கேசிய மொழி போன்றவை. தமிழர்கள் தமிழ் பேசுகின்றனர்.

மலேசியாவிலுள்ள சீனர்கள் தென் சீனத்தின் பல வட்டார மொழிகளைப் பேசுகின்றனர்.

கண்டோனீசு, மாண்டரின், ஓக்கியன், கேசிய மொழி போன்றவை.

தமிழர்கள் தமிழ் பேசுகின்றனர்.

The people of Malawi are speaking many languages of the South China. And I see, I see, I see, I see, I see, I see, I see. Those who speak are struggling.

The people of Malawi are speaking many languages of the South China.

And I see, I see, I see, I see, I see, I see, I see.

Those who speak are struggling.

தமிழர்கள் தமிழ் பேசுகின்றனர்.

There are 137 languages spoken in Malaysia, of which 41 languages are spoken in Malaysia.

And the people of Moses, who are in the mountains of Moses, speak their tongue, and they speak their tongue.

It is not easy to feel that the people of the city are speaking the Arabic language and the Arabic language and the Arabic language.

"மலேசியாவில்

பேசப்படுகின்றன

பேசப்படுகின்றன

பேசுகின்றனர்

பேசுகின்றனர்

The Austronesian Languages of Asia and Madagascar
K. Alexander Adelaar, Alexander Adelaar, Nikolaus Himmelmann
Psychology Press, 2005 - Language Arts & Disciplines - 841 pages
Some 800 Austronesian languages are spoken in the area extending from Madagascar to eastern Indonesia and to the north to Taiwan and the Philippines. They vary greatly in almost every possible respect, including the size and social make-up of the speech communities and their typological profiles. This book is designed to serve as a reference work and in-depth introduction to these languages, providing a source of basic information for linguists and other professionals concerned with this area. It highlights the cultural and linguistic diversity of this group of languages while at the same time keeping track of their common heritage.
Five introductory articles on linguistic history, language politics, language endangerment, ritual speech and special registers, and major typological features have the entire area in their scope and provide a balanced and up-to-date discussion of the major issues. The core of the volume consists of grammatical sketches of twenty languages plus three chapters dealing with different aspects of Malay (Old Malay, Malayic varieties and Colloquial Indonesian), representing a good cross-section of the linguistic diversity found in the area.
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Other editions - View all
The Austronesian Languages of Asia and Madagascar
K. Alexander Adelaar,Nikolaus Himmelmann
Limited preview - 2005
The Austronesian Languages of Asia and Madagascar
K Alexander Adelaar,Nikolaus Himmelmann
Limited preview - 2013
The Austronesian Languages of Asia and Madagascar
K. Alexander Adelaar,Nikolaus Himmelmann
No preview available - 2011

Question: how many languages are spoken in malaysia

There are 137 languages spoken in Malaysia, of which 41 languages are spoken in Malaysia.

And the people of Moses, who are in the mountains of Moses, speak their tongue, and they speak their tongue.

It is not easy to feel that the people of the city are speaking the Arabic language and the Arabic language and the Arabic language.

how many languages are spoken in malaysia

Question: how many languages are there in malaysia

how many languages are there in malaysia

Question: who spoke their tongue in the mountain of moses

who spoke their tongue in the mountain of moses

Question: what language do the people of moses speak

what language do the people of moses speak

Question: where are the people of moses located

There are 137 languages spoken in Malaysia , of which 41 languages are spoken in Malaysia .

And the people of Moses , who are in the mountains of Moses , speak their tongue , and they speak their tongue .

It is not easy to feel that the people of the city are speaking the Arabic language and the Arabic language and the Arabic language .

மலேசியாவில் 137 மொழிகள் பேசப்படுகின்றன இவற்றில் தீபகற்ப மலேசியாவில் 41 மொழிகள் பேசப்படுகின்றன. கிழக்கு மலேசியாவில் உள்ள பழங்குடியின மக்கள் மலாய் மொழி அல்லாத தங்களின் மொழியைப் பேசுகின்றனர். இதை எளிதில் மலாய் அல்ல என்பதை உணரமுடியும். சரவாக் மாநில மக்கள் இபான் மொழியையும் சபா மக்கள் டுசுனிக் மொழியையும் பேசுகின்றனர் .

மலேசியாவில் 137 மொழிகள் பேசப்படுகின்றன இவற்றில் தீபகற்ப மலேசியாவில் 41 மொழிகள் பேசப்படுகின்றன.

கிழக்கு மலேசியாவில் உள்ள பழங்குடியின மக்கள் மலாய் மொழி அல்லாத தங்களின் மொழியைப் பேசுகின்றனர். இதை

எளிதில் மலாய் அல்ல என்பதை உணரமுடியும். சரவாக் மாநில மக்கள் இபான் மொழியையும் சபா மக்கள் டுசுனிக் மொழியையும் பேசுகின்றனர் .

There are 137 languages spoken in Malaysia, of which 41 languages are spoken in Malaysia. And the people of Moses, who are in the mountains of Moses, speak their tongue, and they speak their tongue. It is not easy to feel that the people of the city are speaking the Arabic language and the Arabic language and the Arabic language.

There are 137 languages spoken in Malaysia, of which 41 languages are spoken in Malaysia.

And the people of Moses, who are in the mountains of Moses, speak their tongue, and they speak their tongue.

It is not easy to feel that the people of the city are speaking the Arabic language and the Arabic language and the Arabic language.

Those who are followed, and those who are followed, and those who are followed, and those who are followed.

மலேசியாவில் பல்வேறு இனங்களைச் சேர்ந்த, பல்வேறு பண்பாட்டுக் கூறுகளைக் கொண்ட மற்றும் பல்வேறு மொழிபேசும் மக்கள் உள்ளனர். இப்பகுதியின் துவக்கநிலை பண்பாடு இங்கு வாழ்ந்த பழங்குடி மக்கள், இங்கு இடம் பெயர்ந்த மலாய் இனத்தவரால் உருவானது. வெளிநாட்டு வணிகம் துவங்கிய வரலாற்றுக் காலத்திலேயே சீனர் மற்றும் தமிழர் பண்பாட்டுத் தாக்கங்கள் ஏற்பட்டன.

பாரசீகர், அராபியர் மற்றும் பிரித்தானியர் பண்பாட்டுத் தாக்கங்களைப் பின்னதாக உள்வாங்கியது.

There are a number of people in Malaysia who participate in a variety of countries, with a variety of traditions and a variety of languages. The state of the state of the state of the state of the state of the state of the state of the state of the state of the state of the state of the state of the state of the state of the state of the state of the state of the state of the state of the state. Those who are followed, and those who are followed, and those who are followed, and those who are followed.

Those who are followed, and those who are followed, and those who are followed, and those who are followed.

It is a low.

குறைப்பதாக எதிர்த்தனர்.

In 1971, the Malaysian government announced the "National Development Policy"; in this way, the Malaysian government agreed that it would be much more expensive than it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that It is a low.

குறைப்பதாக எதிர்த்தனர். சீனர்களின் சங்கங்களும் இந்தியச் சங்கங்களும் தங்கள் எதிர்ப்பை அரசுக்குத் தெரிவிக்கும் வகையில் மனு ஒன்றை அளித்தனர்.

In 1971, the Malaysian government announced the "National Development Policy"; in this way, the Malaysian government agreed that it would be much more expensive than it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that it would be that Those who were in the midst of the covenant, and those who were in the midst of the covenant, and those who were in the midst of the covenant, and those who were in the midst of the covenant, and those who were in the midst of the covenant, and those who were in the midst of the covenant, and those who were in the midst of the covenant, and those who were in the midst of the covenant, and those who were in the midst of the covenant.

There are two kinds of people in the world, and there are two kinds of people in the world, and there are two kinds of people in the world, and there are two kinds of people in the world.

There are many kinds of foods that can be consumed, and there are many kinds of food that can be consumed, and there are many kinds of food that can be consumed, and there are many kinds of food that can be consumed, and there are many kinds of food that can be consumed.

"மலேசியாவிற்கும்

நாடுகளுக்கும்

ஏற்பட்டுள்ளன

நாடுகளுக்கும்

பாரம்பரியமும்

பழக்கங்களும்

"இருப்பினும்

பொருள்களிலிருந்து

பிணக்குகளைக்

Question: how many kinds of people are there in the world

There are two kinds of people in the world, and there are two kinds of people in the world, and there are two kinds of people in the world, and there are two kinds of people in the world.

There are many kinds of foods that can be consumed, and there are many kinds of food that can be consumed, and there are many kinds of food that can be consumed, and there are many kinds of food that can be consumed, and there are many kinds of food that can be consumed.

how many kinds of people are there in the world

Question: how many different kinds of people are there in the world

how many different kinds of people are there in the world

There are two kinds of people in the world , and there are two kinds of people in the world , and there are two kinds of people in the world , and there are two kinds of people in the world .

There are many kinds of foods that can be consumed , and there are many kinds of food that can be consumed , and there are many kinds of food that can be consumed , and there are many kinds of food that can be consumed , and there are many kinds of food that can be consumed .

மலேசியாவிற்கும் அண்டை நாடுகளுக்கும் இடையே (குறிப்பாக இந்தோனேசியா) பண்பாட்டுச் சண்டைகள் ஏற்பட்டுள்ளன. இரண்டு நாடுகளுக்கும் ஒன்றையொத்த பாரம்பரியமும் வழைமையான பழக்கங்களும் உள்ளன.

இருப்பினும் உணவுப் பொருள்களிலிருந்து மலேசியாவின் நாட்டுப்பண் வரை பல பிணக்குகள் எழுந்துள்ளன. இந்தப் பிணக்குகளைக் குறைக்க இரு நாட்டு அரசுகளும் பலமுறை முயன்றுள்ளன.

There are two kinds of people in the world, and there are two kinds of people in the world, and there are two kinds of people in the world, and there are two kinds of people in the world. There are many kinds of foods that can be consumed, and there are many kinds of food that can be consumed, and there are many kinds of food that can be consumed, and there are many kinds of food that can be consumed, and there are many kinds of food that can be consumed.

There are two kinds of people in the world, and there are two kinds of people in the world, and there are two kinds of people in the world, and there are two kinds of people in the world.

There are many kinds of foods that can be consumed, and there are many kinds of food that can be consumed, and there are many kinds of food that can be consumed, and there are many kinds of food that can be consumed, and there are many kinds of food that can be consumed.

Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono met with Malaysian Foreign Minister Datuk Hanifah Haji Aman at the State Palace on Thursday agreeing to end the tension on cultural heritage dispute, Indonesian presidential spokesman Dino Patti Djalal said here.
The two leaders promised to sustain good relation of the two countries, and Malaysia agreed to look after the sensitivity of the Indonesian people, the spokesman said.
Tension had risen after a discovery channel in Malaysia put a popular Balinese dance of Pendet dance at the country's tourism advertisement in August.
The welcome dance performed by women in Balinese costume appeared in an advertisement that was aired several times in Malaysia, suggesting that the dance is part of the country's cultural heritage.
Malaysian authorites explained that the entry of the dance at the ad was not done by the government, it sparked protest in Jakarta against Malaysian government.
"Malaysian foreign minister agreed that the two governments must keep the good relation and to pay attention on sensitive issues," said Dino.
Datuk Aman met his Indonesian counterpart Hassan Wirajuda at his office Thursday morning before meeting president Susilo. Source: Xinhua

In Malaysia, playground shows are widespread, as well as playgrounds, playgrounds, playgrounds, basketballs, Tennessee, Sukhothai, playgrounds, playgrounds, playgrounds, and sketches.

The deadly matches will attract the viewers in the world; in the first year of 1948, the three countries that blocked the Hamas Cup will show Malasia together.

"மலேசியாவில்

காற்பந்தாட்டம்

இறகுப்பந்தாட்டம்

குதிரையேற்றம்

"இறகுப்பந்தாட்ட

பார்வையாளர்களை

விளங்குகிறது

Question: in what year did the three countries that blocked the hamas cup show malasia together

In Malaysia, playground shows are widespread, as well as playgrounds, playgrounds, playgrounds, basketballs, Tennessee, Sukhothai, playgrounds, playgrounds, playgrounds, and sketches.

The deadly matches will attract the viewers in the world; in the first year of 1948, the three countries that blocked the Hamas Cup will show Malasia together.

in what year did the three countries that blocked the hamas cup show malasia together

Question: in what country are playground shows widespread

in what country are playground shows widespread

Question: what will attract the viewers in the world

what will attract the viewers in the world

Question: what competition was blocked by three countries in 1948

தாமசு கோப்பையைத்

what competition was blocked by three countries in 1948

Question: what is widespread in malaysia

காற்பந்தாட்டம்

Question: what state has the most playground shows in malaysia

what state has the most playground shows in malaysia

Question: who blocked the hamas cup in 1948

three countries that blocked the Hamas Cup

தாமசு கோப்பையைத் தக்க வைத்துள்ள மூன்று நாடுகளில்

three countries that blocked the Hamas Cup

In Malaysia , playground shows are widespread , as well as playgrounds , playgrounds , playgrounds , basketballs , Tennessee , Sukhothai , playgrounds , playgrounds , playgrounds , and sketches .

The deadly matches will attract the viewers in the world ; in the first year of 1948 , the three countries that blocked the Hamas Cup will show Malasia together .

மலேசியாவில் பரவலாக விளையாடப் படுபவையாகக் காற்பந்தாட்டம், இறகுப்பந்தாட்டம், வளைதடிப் பந்தாட்டம், பௌல்ஸ், டென்னிசு, ஸ்குவாஷ், தற்காப்புக் கலைகள், குதிரையேற்றம், பாய்மரப் படகோட்டம், மற்றும் ஸ்கேட் பலகையோட்டம் ஆகியன .

இறகுப்பந்தாட்ட போட்டிகள் பல்லாயிரக் கணக்கான பார்வையாளர்களை ஈர்க்கின்றன; 1948-ஆம் ஆண்டு முதல் தாமசு கோப்பையைத் தக்க வைத்துள்ள மூன்று நாடுகளில் ஒன்றாக மலேசியா விளங்குகிறது.

In Malaysia, playground shows are widespread, as well as playgrounds, playgrounds, playgrounds, basketballs, Tennessee, Sukhothai, playgrounds, playgrounds, playgrounds, and sketches. The deadly matches will attract the viewers in the world; in the first year of 1948, the three countries that blocked the Hamas Cup will show Malasia together.

In Malaysia, playground shows are widespread, as well as playgrounds, playgrounds, playgrounds, basketballs, Tennessee, Sukhothai, playgrounds, playgrounds, playgrounds, and sketches.

The deadly matches will attract the viewers in the world; in the first year of 1948, the three countries that blocked the Hamas Cup will show Malasia together.

The Malaysian Gulf was registered by the Baseball Association in 1997.

செய்யப்பட்டது

To: khairulnizam
Message
[#Content]
The Malaysia Lawn Bowls Federation has applied a mixture of conventional wisdom, and adopted innovative approaches in the management of its affairs. Our vision is "To Be the Best in the World". Our mission is "To enhance individual and team achievement through providing world class coaching and training programmes.
BACKGROUNDThe Malaysia Lawn Bowls Federation was registered on 13th March 1997 by the Register of Societies (Mohiyaddin bin Che Jan), an officer in the Malaysian Administrative and Diplomatic Service. The Malaysia Lawn Bowls Federation is governed by a constitution, which underwent an important amendment in 1998. The federation had been re-registered on 8th may 1998 (Registration No. 0017/98) under the Sports Development Act 1997.
Kompleks Lawn Bowls Lot 3959 Jalan 1/70 D Bukit KiaraKuala Lumpur,Wilayah Persekutuan Malaysia 60000
Mr Ramble Haji Dallan, Secretary

Question: when was the malaysian gulf registered

The Malaysian Gulf was registered by the Baseball Association in 1997.

Question: who registered the malaysian gulf in 1997

who registered the malaysian gulf in 1997

Question: what body of water was registered by the baseball association in 1997

மலேசிய புல்தரை பௌல்ஸ் கூட்டமைப்பு

what body of water was registered by the baseball association in 1997

Question: what sport is practiced in malaysia

Question: what is the name of the gulf in malaysia

மலேசிய புல்தரை பௌல்ஸ் கூட்டமைப்பு

what is the name of the gulf in malaysia

The Malaysian Gulf was registered by the Baseball Association in 1997 .

மலேசிய புல்தரை பௌல்ஸ் கூட்டமைப்பு 1997-இல் பதிவு செய்யப்பட்டது.

மலேசிய புல்தரை பௌல்ஸ் கூட்டமைப்பு 1997-இல் பதிவு செய்யப்பட்டது.

The Malaysian Gulf was registered by the Baseball Association in 1997.

The Malaysian Gulf was registered by the Baseball Association in 1997.

The first match in the Sukhvash game, which was announced by the British creation officers, took place in 1939.

செய்யப்பட்டது

"பிரித்தானிய

அதிகாரிகளால்

அறிமுகப்படுத்தப்பட்ட

விளையாட்டில்

நடத்தப்பட்டது

Question: when did the first sukhvash match take place

The first match in the Sukhvash game, which was announced by the British creation officers, took place in 1939.

when did the first sukhvash match take place

Question: who announced the first match in the sukhvash game

"பிரித்தானிய படைத்துறை அதிகாரிகளால்

who announced the first match in the sukhvash game

Question: who registered the malaysian gulf

Question: the first match in what game took place in 1939

ஸ்குவாஷ் விளையாட்டில்

the first match in what game took place in 1939

The first match in the Sukhvash game , which was announced by the British creation officers , took place in 1939 .

மலேசிய புல்தரை பௌல்ஸ் கூட்டமைப்பு 1997-இல் பதிவு செய்யப்பட்டது. பிரித்தானிய படைத்துறை அதிகாரிகளால் அறிமுகப்படுத்தப்பட்ட ஸ்குவாஷ் விளையாட்டில் முதல் போட்டி 1939-இல் நடத்தப்பட்டது.

பிரித்தானிய படைத்துறை அதிகாரிகளால் அறிமுகப்படுத்தப்பட்ட ஸ்குவாஷ் விளையாட்டில் முதல் போட்டி 1939-இல் நடத்தப்பட்டது.

The Malaysian Gulf was registered by the Baseball Association in 1997. The first match in the Sukhvash game, which was announced by the British creation officers, took place in 1939.

The first match in the Sukhvash game, which was announced by the British creation officers, took place in 1939.

Zhejiang is founded on June 25, 1972.

Moses is the one who gives righteousness to the people of Moses.

ஆசியாவிற்கான

கூட்டிணைவைப்

பரிந்துரைத்துள்ளது

Question: when was zhejiang founded

சூன் 25 , 1972இல்

Zhejiang is founded on June 25, 1972.

Moses is the one who gives righteousness to the people of Moses.

Question: who gave righteousness to the people of zhejiang

Zhejiang is founded on June 25, 1972.

who gave righteousness to the people of zhejiang

Question: in what year was zhejiang founded

Zhejiang is founded on June 25, 1972.

Question: which city was founded on june 25, 1972

Zhejiang is founded on June 25, 1972.

Question: what did moses give to the people of moses

கூட்டிணைவைப்

Zhejiang is founded on June 25, 1972.

what did moses give to the people of moses

Question: what did moses give to the people of zhejiang

ஆசியாவிற்கான ஓர் கால்பந்துக் கூட்டிணைவைப்

Zhejiang is founded on June 25, 1972.

what did moses give to the people of zhejiang

Question: moses is what to the people of moses

கூட்டிணைவைப் பரிந்துரைத்துள்ளது

Zhejiang is founded on June 25, 1972.

Moses is the one who gives righteousness to the people of Moses .

ஸ்குவாஷ் பந்தடி மட்டைச் சங்கம் சூன் 25, 1972இல் உருவானது. மலேசியா தென்கிழக்கு ஆசியாவிற்கான ஓர் கால்பந்துக் கூட்டிணைவைப் பரிந்துரைத்துள்ளது.

ஸ்குவாஷ் பந்தடி மட்டைச் சங்கம் சூன் 25, 1972இல் உருவானது.

மலேசியா தென்கிழக்கு ஆசியாவிற்கான ஓர் கால்பந்துக் கூட்டிணைவைப் பரிந்துரைத்துள்ளது.

Zhejiang is founded on June 25, 1972. Moses is the one who gives righteousness to the people of Moses.

Moses is the one who gives righteousness to the people of Moses.

As of 2010, Malaysia's first World Cup team was 15th in the World Cup.

The third and fifth matches of the World Cup were held in the Marrakech in Marrakech.

கோலாலம்பூரில்

விளையாட்டரங்கில்

நடத்தப்பட்டன

Conceived by Pakistan
's Air Marshal Nur Khan, the idea of the Hockey World Cup
was proposed to International Hockey Federation
(FIH) that approved it on October 26, 1969, and it was adopted by the FIH Council in Brussels on April 12, 1970.
The first World Cup was allotted to Pakistan in 1971, but was shifted to the Real Polo Club in Barcelona, Spain, because of security issues in Lahore.
The first three tournaments were held every two years. The 1978 Cup was the only tournament held three years from the previous tournament. Since 1982, the tournament has been held every four years, halfway between the Olympics' hockey competition.
Pakistan is the most successful team of the Hockey World Cup, having won the tournament four times. The Netherlands have won three titles, and Germany
has won two titles. India and Australia have each won the tournament once.
India qualified for the twelfth Hockey World Cup as hosts of the tournament. A BRIEF HISTORY:First Hockey World Cup:
The first Hockey World Cup was held in Barcelona, Spain from October 15-24, 1971 at Real Polo grounds.
After 30 matches and beating 9 other countries, including the host, Pakistan claimed the trophy.
The Indians were favourites despite having lost their hold on the Olympic gold medal at the 1968 Games in Mexico where they had finished third.
India duly qualified for the semi-finals with victories against France (1-0), Argentina (1-0) and Kenya (2-0) and came up against Pakistan who won the game 2-1.
Pakistan, who had lost 2-3 to Spain in the league, were lucky to even qualify for the semis as The Netherlands, needing a win to advance to the round of four, crashed to a shock 1-0 defeat to Japan.
Pakistan went on to win the World Cup, defeating Spain 1-0 in the final. India finished third after a hard-fought 1-0 win against Kenya. Winner:
Pakistan Runner's Up:
Spain Second Runner's Up:
India Second Hockey World Cup:
The second Hockey World Cup was held in Amsterdam, Holland from August 24-September 2, 1973 at the Wagener Stadium, Amstelveen.
This is one of the few tournaments where the host country won the trophy on its own grounds after drawing 1-1 against India and then 4-2 through penalties.
India had a decent run in the preliminary league as they defeated Japan 5-0, drew goalless with Germany, beat Kenya 4-0 and drew 1-1 with New Zealand.
India then faced an under-strength Pakistan in the semi-finals. Pakistan virtually fielded a second string with 13 of their players from the 1972 Olympics serving a life ban for misconduct.
India snatched a 1-0 win to set up a clash with hosts Holland in the final.
With both teams scoring two goals each, the match went into extra-time, but that was goalless.
In the tie-breaker, Ajit Pal and Harmek converted while Harcharan Singh pushed wide and Govinda's attempt was saved. Ashok Kumar did not take the last push as the Dutch had by then clinched the issue for a 6-4 score-line. Winner:
Netherlands Runner's Up:
India Second Runner's Up:
West Germany Third Hockey World Cup:
The third Hockey World Cup was held at Merdeka Stadium in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia from March 1-19, 1975.
This was the first time a Hockey World Cup was hosted at an Asian country and also the first time that India won 2-1 against Pakistan.
In the league, India lost 1-2 to Argentina and drew 1-1 with Australia besides defeating England 2-1 and debutants Ghana 7-0.
In their final league game that was replayed after rain interruption, India overcame West Germany 3-1 to top the pool.
In the semi-finals, India came from behind to beat Malaysia.
The rousing final remains one of the most debated and controversial international hockey matches.
Zahid Sheikh gave Pakistan a 1-0 lead, but Surjit Singh converted a penalty corner for the equaliser and Ashok Kumar netted the match-winner as India won the World Cup for the first time. Winner:
India Runner's Up:
Pakistan Second Runner's Up:
West Germany Fourth Hockey World Cup:
The fourth Hockey World Cup was held at Campo del Polo, Buenos Aires, Argentina, from March 18-April 1, 1978 and was yet again dominated by Pakistan with a 3-2 win against the Netherlands in the final.
India ended up sixth in Buenos Aires much due to complacency and indiscipline, both among players and administrators.
The 1976-78 period is termed as dark days for Indian hockey that was marked by a seventh place finish at the 1976 Montreal Olympics where astro-turf was introduced.
The Indian playing elevens were decided at the last possible moment and the mismanagement was reflected in a series of defeats, including 1-3 to Canada and 0-7 to West Germany in the league besides 1-2 to Spain in the 5-6 position play-off match.
Pakistan won the competition for the second time beating the Netherlands 3-2. Winner:
Pakistan Runner's Up:
Netherlands Second Runner's Up:
Australia Fifth Hockey World Cup:
World Cup came to India a year after they won the gold medal at the boycott-ridden 1980 Moscow Olympic Games and was held in Bombay from December 29, 1981 to January 12, 1982.
The run-up to the tournament, held in Bombay from December 29, 1981 to January 12, 1982, was rather ominous with Indian players up in arms after being lodged in the basement of the Wankhede Stadium while other teams were provided five-star accommodation. Following a media blitz and heavy criticism, the authorities shifted the Indian team to a well-appointed hotel.
Though not lacking in home support, India narrowly missed a semi-final spot and eventually settled for fifth place to end a rather disappointing run.
Pakistan grabbed the title after mercilessly beating West Germany 3-1 at the finals.
This was the last international tournament to be played on natural grass with the FIH opting for synthetic surface. Winner:
Pakistan Runner's Up:
West Germany Second Runner's Up:
Australia Fifth Place:
India Sixth Hockey World Cup:
The sixth World Cup, was held at Willesden, London, England from October 4-19, 1986, was scheduled within a couple of days after the Asian Games in South Korea.
Underdogs Australia, who had consecutively taken third place in the previous two tournaments, finally prevailed and claimed their well-deserved trophy after beating hosts England 2-1.
The Indians lost 0-1 to Poland, 1-2 to Spain and 0-6 to Australia in the league. Their only consolation came from a 2-0 win against Canada and 2-2 draw with West Germany.
India lost 2-3 to Pakistan in extra-time in the 11-12 position match; that was witnessed by only a handful of spectators as the former kings of hockey bit the dust. Winner:
Australia Runner's Up:
England Second Runner's Up:
West Germany Twelfth Place:
India Seventh Hockey World Cup:
The seventh Hockey World Cup was held in Lahore from February 12-23, 1990.
Possibly one of the most exciting tournaments ever with hosts Pakistan meeting Netherlands in the final yet again, but history did not repeat itself and Pakistan lost 3-1.
It was a nightmare of a tournament for India as the players had to deal with the fear factor. Due to security concerns, they couldn't even leave their hotel rooms and it eventually told on the team.
The Indians had to put up with ceaseless heckling from the partisan crowd each time they stepped on the pitch. The situation turned ugly when missiles were hurled at the players and the team was offered the option of pulling out, but they declined.
The Indians began with a 1-1 draw with Soviet Union, then lost 3-5 to Argentina, 1-2 to France, 3-5 to the Netherlands and 2-3 to Australia in the league. Their only win was against Canada (2-1) in the classification match before they lost 0-1 to Argentina to end up 10th. Winner:
Netherlands Runner's Up:
Pakistan Second Runner's Up:
Australia Tenth Place:
India Eighth Hockey World Cup:
The eighth Hockey World Cup was held at Homebush Stadium in Sydney, Australia from November 23 to December 4, 1994.
The finals consisted of Netherlands versus Pakistan for the third time in history. The final game was a draw of 1-1, after penalties, Pakistan claimed the trophy with 4-3 win.
The World Cup would also be remembered for the mesmeric display of Shahbaz Ahmed who played the final against the Dutch nursing a hamstring injury.
India finished fifth while missing the semi-final berth by a whisker.
Defeats to Germany (2-1) and the Netherlands (4-2) in the league saw India finishing third in the pool with victories against Korea (2-0) and Belgium (4-2) and a 2-2 draw with South Africa contributing to their points tally of five.
India went on to beat Argentina and England to finish fifth, matching their 1982 World Cup ranking. Winner:
Pakistan Runner's Up:
Netherlands Second Runner's Up:
Australia Fifth Place:
India Ninth Hockey World Cup:
The Hockey World Cup of 1998 was held at Galgenwaard Stadium in Utrecht, Netherlands from June 20-July 1, 1998.
The Dutch made history by being the only country to win a tournament at its home ground not once, but twice.
The World Cup witnessed the height of Spanish resurgence as they made it to the final only to lose 2-3 to the Netherlands in extra-time. It was a repeat clash of the 1996 Olympic final that the Dutch had won 3-1. The Utrecht success presented the Dutch their third World Cup.
India finished ninth after losing to Canada (1-4), Germany (1-4), South Korea (3-4) and the Netherlands (0-5) while chalking up just one win (1-0) against New Zealand in the league. Winner:
Netherlands Runner's Up:
Spain Second Runner's Up:
Germany Ninth Place:
India Tenth Hockey World Cup:
After finishing fourth, third and second place in the past three decades, Germany took home the trophy of the 2002 Hockey World Cup held at Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia from February 24 to March 4, 2002.
Germany won the tournament for the first time defeating Australia 2-1.
India suffered three consecutive defeats (1-2 vs South Korea, 2-3 vs Malaysia, 2-3 vs England) leading to ejection of coach Cedric D'Souza.
When Cedric's assistant Kumar took charge, the team fared only marginally better, defeating lowly Cuba 4-0, Poland 4-1, but narrowly losing to Australia 3-4 as India ended up playing for 9-12 positions.
A 3-0 win against Spain lifted India, but they went down 1-2 to New Zealand in the match for 9-10 positions. Winner:
Germany Runner's Up:
Australia Second Runner's Up:
Netherlands Tenth Place:
India Eleventh Hockey World Cup:
The last Hockey World Cup was held at Mönchengladbach, Germany from September 6 to September 17, 2006.
Germany won for second consecutive time after beating Australia 4-3. Germany's Ulrich Bubolz received the Best Goalkeeper trophy and his teammate Christopher Zeller received the Most Promising Player trophy.
In their opening fixture, India and Germany were tied 2-2 with a minute left on the clock, but Germany struck seconds before close for a 3-2 decision.
A 2-3 loss to England in the next match effectively shut the door on India who then struggled to a 1-1 draw with South Africa before going down 1-2 to South Korea.
This was followed by a 1-6 thrashing against the Netherlands.
Having to play for 9-12 positions, India crashed to a 2-3 defeat to Argentina and then scrambled to a 1-0 win against South Africa in the 11-12 position playoff match. Winner:
Germany Runner's Up:
Australia Second Runner's Up:
Spain Eleventh Place:
India

Question: what was malaysia's ranking in the 2010 world cup

As of 2010, Malaysia's first World Cup team was 15th in the World Cup.

The third and fifth matches of the World Cup were held in the Marrakech in Marrakech.

what was malaysia's ranking in the 2010 world cup

Question: where were the third and fifth matches of the world cup held

where were the third and fifth matches of the world cup held

Question: when did malaysia qualify for the world cup

when did malaysia qualify for the world cup

Question: which two matches of the world cup were held in marrakech

மூன்றாவது மற்றும் பத்தாவது

which two matches of the world cup were held in marrakech

As of 2010 , Malaysia 's first World Cup team was 15th in the World Cup .

The third and fifth matches of the World Cup were held in the Marrakech in Marrakech .

ஆகத்து 2010-இல் மலேசியாவின் ஆடவர் வளைதடிப் பந்தாட்ட அணி உலகத் தரவரிசையில் 15வதாக இருந்தது. கோலாலம்பூரில் உள்ள மெர்டெக்கா விளையாட்டரங்கில் வளைதடிப் பந்தாட்ட உலகக் கிண்ணத்தின் மூன்றாவது மற்றும் பத்தாவது போட்டிகள் நடத்தப்பட்டன.

ஆகத்து 2010-இல் மலேசியாவின் ஆடவர் வளைதடிப் பந்தாட்ட அணி உலகத் தரவரிசையில் 15வதாக இருந்தது.

கோலாலம்பூரில் உள்ள மெர்டெக்கா விளையாட்டரங்கில் வளைதடிப் பந்தாட்ட உலகக் கிண்ணத்தின் மூன்றாவது மற்றும் பத்தாவது போட்டிகள் நடத்தப்பட்டன.

As of 2010, Malaysia's first World Cup team was 15th in the World Cup. The third and fifth matches of the World Cup were held in the Marrakech in Marrakech.

As of 2010, Malaysia's first World Cup team was 15th in the World Cup.

The third and fifth matches of the World Cup were held in the Marrakech in Marrakech.

The first Grand Prix in Malaysia was held in 1999 and the first Grand Prix in Malaysia was held in 1999 and the first Grand Prix in Malaysia was held in 1999.

இச்சுற்றுகையில்

Question: when was the first grand prix held in malaysia

The first Grand Prix in Malaysia was held in 1999 and the first Grand Prix in Malaysia was held in 1999 and the first Grand Prix in Malaysia was held in 1999.

when was the first grand prix held in malaysia

Question: where was the first grand prix held

Question: what was held in 1999 in malaysia

மலேசியாவில் பார்முலா 1 தடம் – செபாங் பன்னாட்டு சுற்றுகை உள்ளது . தொலைவுள்ள இச்சுற்றுகையில் முதல் கிராண்ட் ப்ரீ போட்டி 1999இல் நடந்தது .

Question: what was the first grand prix held in malaysia

கிராண்ட் ப்ரீ போட்டி 1999இல் நடந்தது .

what was the first grand prix held in malaysia

The first Grand Prix in Malaysia was held in 1999 and the first Grand Prix in Malaysia was held in 1999 and the first Grand Prix in Malaysia was held in 1999 .

மலேசியாவில் பார்முலா 1 தடம்– செபாங் பன்னாட்டு சுற்றுகை உள்ளது. தொலைவுள்ள இச்சுற்றுகையில் முதல் கிராண்ட் ப்ரீ போட்டி 1999இல் நடந்தது.

மலேசியாவில் பார்முலா 1 தடம்– செபாங் பன்னாட்டு சுற்றுகை உள்ளது. தொலைவுள்ள இச்சுற்றுகையில் முதல் கிராண்ட் ப்ரீ போட்டி 1999இல் நடந்தது.

The first Grand Prix in Malaysia was held in 1999 and the first Grand Prix in Malaysia was held in 1999 and the first Grand Prix in Malaysia was held in 1999.

The first Grand Prix in Malaysia was held in 1999 and the first Grand Prix in Malaysia was held in 1999 and the first Grand Prix in Malaysia was held in 1999.

In 1972, the Olympic tournament in Munich was sent to the highest number of participants (57).

மியூனிக்கில்

உயர்ந்தளவில்

பங்கேற்பாளர்களை(57

|Prior to the
formation of the Federation of Malaya Olympic Council in 1953 and
its subsequent recognition by the IOC in 1954, some Malayans may
have participated in the Olympic Games, representing their countries
of origin, such as China and India. After receiving the recognition
of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1954, the Federation
of Malaya Olympic Council, as it was then known, sent a contingent
of 33 athletes from 6 sports to participate in the Olympic Games
in 1956 in Melbourne. Since then the Olympic Council of Malaysia,
as it is known since 1964, has been participating in all the Olympic
Games, except the 1980 Moscow Olympic Games.
|
The Olympic Contingent of the Federation of Malaya to the 1956
Melbourne Olympic Games comprised six athletes, two swimmers,
18 Hockey players, three Weightlifters and four shooters. There
was only one female athlete in the Contingent, Ms. Annie Choong,
who participated in Athletics. Amongst the Olympians were Koh Eng
Tong, the 1950 British Empire Weightlifting gold medallist in the
Featherweight Division and Tan Kim Bee, the silver medallist in
the Light Heavyweight Division. The Hockey team finished 9th out
of 12 teams. The Chef de Mission was Mr. Herman Marie de Souza (Hockey)
and the Flag Bearer was Tan Eng Bee (Weightlifting)
|
|
|
|Malaya
Contingent in 1956 Olympic Games, Melbourne
The 1960 Rome Olympic Games Contingent, comprising nine athletes
from four sports, was the smallest Malaysian Contingent to any Olympic
Games to-date. The Contingent comprised three athletes, 2 swimmers,
2 shooters and 2 weightlifters. The Chef de Mission was Mr. Lim
Kee Seong (Football) and the Flag Bearer was Shahrudin Mohd. Ali
(Athletics).
Malaysia was formed in September 1964, with the entry of Sabah,
Sarawak and Singapore into the Federation of Malaya. The Malaysian
Contingent to the 1964 Tokyo Olympic Games included athletes
from Sabah, Sarawak and Singapore. The Contingent of 66 athletes
is still the largest contingent, which has participated in the Olympic
Games to-date. The Contingent comprised 12 athletes including one
woman, 7 swimmers of which three were women, 18 Hockey players,
2 boxers, 6 weightlifters, 7 shooters, 9 cyclists, one fencer, and
two each in Judo and wrestling. The Hockey team finished 9th.
M. Jegathesan, became the first Malaysian athlete to qualify for
the semi-finals in his event, the 200 M. In Heat 5 of the First
Round, he recorded a time of 20.9 sec., which is stands as the Malaysian
record today. In the Second Round, Jegathesan recorded a time of
21.4 sec. to qualify for the semi-finals. He recorded a time of
21.2 sec. in the semi-final, and was eliminated. The Chef de Mission
was Hon. Dato' Donald Stephens and the Flag Bearer was Kuda Ditta
(Athletics).
The Malaysian Contingent to the 1968 Mexico Olympic Games
comprised a total of 33 athletes from four sports. There were no
athletes from Singapore, as Singapore left Malaysia in 1965, to
become an independent country. The breakdown by sports was 11 athletes,
18 Hockey players, two athletes each from Cycling and Weightlifting.
There was no women athlete in the Contingent. The Hockey team finished
15th out of 16 teams.
M Jegathesan repeated his feat four years earlier, in Rome, by qualifying
for the semi-finals of the 200 M. He clocked times of 20.9 sec.
in the First Round, 21.0 sec. in the Second Round and 21.0 sec.
in the semi-finals. The Chef de Mission was Hon. Khaw Kai Boh (Basketball).
The Malaysian Contingent to the 1972 Munich Olympic Games
was 57 strong and is the second largest Olympic contingent to-date.
For the first time in Malaysian history, Football qualified for
the Olympic Games. Badminton was introduced as a demonstration sport
and three players participated. Athletics sent a team of 11 athletes
with two women, there were one male and one female swimmer, one
shooter and four cyclists. The Hockey team finished 8th out of 12
teams. The Football Team was drawn into Group A, with the teams
from West Germany, Morocco and the U.S.A. After losing to West Germany
by 3 goals to nil, winning its next match against U.S.A. with a
score of 3 goals to nil and finally losing to Morocco by 6 goals
to nil, the team was eliminated. The Chef de Mission was Hon. Dato'
Harun Idris (Football).
The Malaysian Contingent to the 1976 Montreal Olympic Games
was pretty small, 23 athletes in total. There were only three athletes,
one swimmer, two shooters and one cyclists. There was no woman athlete
in the Contingent. The Hockey team finished in 9th position. Athlete
Ishtiaq Mubarak became only the second Malaysian athlete to qualify
for the semi-finals in Athletics. In the 110 M. Hurdles, Ishtiaq
recorded a time of 14.27 sec. in Heat 2 to qualify for the semi-finals.
In the semi-finals, he recorded a time of 14.21 sec. and was eliminated.
The Chef de Mission was H.H. Raja Azlan Shah (Hockey) and the Flag
Bearer was Ishtiaq Mubarak (Athletics).
Due to unavoidable circumstances, Malaysia did not participate in
the 1980 Moscow Olympic Games. However, it should be placed
on record that the Football and the Hockey teams both qualified
to participate in the 1980 Olympic Games.
The 1984 Los Angeles Olympic Games saw a rather small Malaysian
Contingent of only 20 athletes. The composition of the Contingent
was 16 Hockey players and one athlete each from Athletics, Swimming
(female), Shooting and Cycling. The Hockey team finished in 11th
position out of 12 teams. The Chef de Mission was Tunku Adnan bin
Tunku Besar Burhanuddin and the Flag Bearer was Sabiahmad Abd. Ahad
(Shooting).
For the second time in Malaysian Olympic history, the Hockey team
did not qualify for the Olympic Games. As such the Malaysian Olympic
Contingent to the 1988 Seoul Olympic Games was the smallest
since 1960. The team comprised of two athletes (one female), two
swimmers (one female), two cyclists, one shooter, and two women
Table Tennis players. Badminton and Taekwondo were the two demonstration
sports. Two Badminton players and four Taekwondo exponents from
Malaysia participated in the above two demonstration sports. The
Chef de Mission of the Contingent was HRH Prince Imran (Squash)
and the Flag Bearer was Nordin Jadi (Athletics).
Badminton was officially included as a medal sport for the first
time in the 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games. Expectations were
very high for the Malaysian Badminton players to win the first Olympic
medals for the country. This was more so, as Malaysia had four months
earlier, won the Thomas Cup, the World Team Badminton Championship,
after a lapse of 26 years.
The Badminton players did not disappoint their supporters and Malaysia
won its first Olympic medal, a bronze medal in the Men's Doubles
event, through brothers Rasif and Jalani Sidek. With Hockey qualifying
for the Olympic Games, the Contingent comprised 16 Hockey players,
one athlete each from Athletics, Swimming, Shooting and Cycling
and six Badminton players. Taekwondo was again a demonstration sport
and two female Taekwondo exponents participated in Barcelona. The
Hockey team finished in 9th position out of 12 teams. The Chef de
Mission was Tan Sri Elyas Omar (Badminton) and the Flag Bearer was
Rasif Sidek (Badminton).
The 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games saw Malaysia participating
for the first time in Sailing and salom Canoeing, with one athlete
each. The Contingent comprised 4 athletes, 5 swimmers (one woman),
16 Hockey players, one boxer, one shooter and 7 Badminton players
(one woman player), making a total of 36 athletes. Badminton as
expected won a silver medal through the Men's Doubles pair of Cheah
Soon Kit and Yap Kin Hock and a bronze medal in the Men's Singles
through Rashid Sidek. The Hockey team finished in 11th position
out of 12 teams. The Chef de Mission was Hon. Dato' Dr. Abdullah
Fadzil Che Wan (Badminton) and the Flag Bearer was Nor Saiful Zaini,
the Captain of the Hockey Team.

Question: what was the highest number of participants in the 1972 munich olympic tournament

பங்கேற்பாளர்களை(57

In 1972, the Olympic tournament in Munich was sent to the highest number of participants (57).

what was the highest number of participants in the 1972 munich olympic tournament

Question: when was the olympic tournament in munich sent to the highest number of participants

when was the olympic tournament in munich sent to the highest number of participants

Question: where was the 1972 olympic tournament held

where was the 1972 olympic tournament held

In 1972 , the Olympic tournament in Munich was sent to the highest number of participants ( 57 ) .

1972-ஆம் ஆண்டில் மியூனிக்கில் நடந்த ஒலிம்பிக் போட்டிக்கு மிக உயர்ந்தளவில் பங்கேற்பாளர்களை(57) அனுப்பி உள்ளது.

1972-ஆம் ஆண்டில் மியூனிக்கில் நடந்த ஒலிம்பிக் போட்டிக்கு மிக உயர்ந்தளவில் பங்கேற்பாளர்களை(57) அனுப்பி உள்ளது.

In 1972, the Olympic tournament in Munich was sent to the highest number of participants (57).

In 1972, the Olympic tournament in Munich was sent to the highest number of participants (57).

In 1998 these games were held in Calabria.

விளையாட்டுக்கள்

கோலாலம்பூரில்

நடத்தப்பட்டன

The Commonwealth tradition has been carrying forward a magnificent legacy of co-operation, humanity and unity. The Commonwealth is a unique family of developed and developing nations, a voluntary association of independent sovereign states spread over every continent and ocean. From Africa to Asia, from the Pacific shores to the Caribbean, the Commonwealth's 1.7 billion people make up 30% of the world's population and are of many faiths, races, languages and cultures. Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II is the patron of the Games and HRH The Earl of Wessex CVO is the Vice patron.
The role of
Commonwealth Games Federation
The role of the Commonwealth Games Federation stretches beyond facilitation of the Commonwealth Games - indeed the continuing success of the Games has helped to influence the outreach of the Commonwealth and to strengthen it’s bonds.
As a means of improving society and the general well being of the people of member nations, the Federation also encourages and assists education via sport development and physical recreation throughout the Commonwealth.
Every decision made by the Commonwealth Games Federation inherently carries the intrinsic principles of - HUMANITY, EQUALITY and DESTINY, which are the core values of the organisation.
These values help to inspire and unite millions of people and they symbolise the broad mandate of the Federation within the Commonwealth.
Commonwealth Youth Games
The Commonwealth Games Federation discussed the idea of a Millennium Commonwealth Youth Games in 1997. In 1998 the concept was agreed on for the purpose of providing a Commonwealth multi-sport event for young people. The Commonwealth Youth Games are a mini Commonwealth Games attracting the best young athletes in the Commonwealth.
The inaugural Commonwealth Youth Games were held in Edinburgh, Scotland from 10-14 August 2000. 14 countries contested 483 medals over 3 days of competition in 8 sports- Athletics, Fencing, Gymnastics, Hockey, Lawn Tennis, Squash, Swimming and Weightlifting. A total of 733 athletes and team officials, 280 Technical Officials and around 500 volunteers participated in the event.
The success of these Games in Scotland gained the support of the Commonwealth Games Federation who has pledged continued support for a Commonwealth Youth Games to be held every 4 years.
The second edition of the Commonwealth Youth Games was held in Bendigo, Australia in December 2004, 24 countries participated and contested in 10 sports events spread over a period of 3 days, which included Athletics, Badminton, Boxing, Lawn Bowls, Rugby 7’s, Tenpin Bowling, Swimming, Cycling, Gymnastics and Weightlifting.1000 athletes and team officials were involved in the Games in Bendigo.
The III Commonwealth Youth Games will be held in Pune, India 2008.It is for the first time in history that Commonwealth Youth Games are being held in Asia, in India. The city of Pune, the cultural capital of Maharashtra and a fast growing Metropolis, will host the 3rd Commonwealth Youth Games between 12 - 18 October in 2008 with the for 9 disciplines; Athletics, Badminton, Boxing, Shooting, Swimming, Table Tennis, Tennis, Weightlifting and Wrestling.
Over 1,300 athletes and 350 Officials from 71 countries will participate in the games. It is for the first time that this multi-sporting event is going to be held at a single venue – the Shri Shiv Chhatrapati Sports Complex, Pune.
The Queen's
Baton Relay
Similar to the Olympic Torch Relay, is a relay around the world held prior to the beginning of the Commonwealth Games. The Baton carries a message from the Head of the Commonwealth, currently Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II. The Relay traditionally begins at Buckingham Palace in London as a part of the city's Commonwealth Day festivities. Her Majesty the Queen entrusts the baton to the first relay runner. At the Opening Ceremony of the Games, the final relay runner hands the baton back to her Majesty the Queen or her representative, who reads the message aloud to officially open the Games.
History
The Relay was introduced at the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Cardiff, Wales. Through the 1994 Games, the Relay only went through England and the host nation. The Relay for the 1998 Games in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia was the first to travel to other nations of the Commonwealth. The 2002 Relay covered over 100,000 kms and went through 23 nations.
Melbourne, 2006
Baton Relay pin badge
The Melbourne 2006 Queen's Baton Relay was the world's longest, most inclusive relay, travelling more than 180,000 kms and visiting all 71 nations that send teams to the Commonwealth Games in one year and a day. The Queen's Baton Relay started, as it traditionally does, at Buckingham Palace and ended in Melbourne, Australia at the Melbourne Cricket Ground. It carried a message from Her Majesty the Queen and was read by her to the Opening Ceremony of the Commonwealth Games.
About the Baton
The baton contained 71 lights on the front, representing the 71 member nations of the Commonwealth Games Federation. A video camera built into the front of the baton recorded continuously as the baton traveled, and a GPS tracker was fitted; so that the baton's location could be viewed live on the Commonwealth Games Website.
The history of
The Games
In 1911, the 'Festival of Empire’ was held in London to celebrate the coronation of King George V. As part of the festival, an Inter-Empire Championships was held in which teams from Australia, Canada, South Africa and the United Kingdom competed in events such as boxing, wrestling, swimming and athletics.
The first Commonwealth Games were held in 1930 in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Bobby Robinson, a major influence within athletics in Canada at the time, finally implemented the event that had been talked about amongst Commonwealth nations for over thirty years. Eleven countries with 400 athletes in total participated in the first Commonwealth Games. Since then, the Games have been conducted every four years except for 1942 and 1946, due to World War II.
From 1930 to 1950 the Games were known as the British Empire Games, then the British Empire and Commonwealth Games until 1962. From 1966 to 1974 they took on the title of British Commonwealth Games and from 1978 onwards they have been known as simply the Commonwealth Games. The Commonwealth Youth Games are also known as Friendly Games in the English speaking provinces of the Commonwealth.
The Quaich
The Quaich is a symbol of the Commonwealth Youth Games and was the initiative of the organisers of the inaugural Games in Scotland. Donated by the City of Edinburgh, the silver Quaich is a commemorative symbol to be handed down from host nation to the next host nation.
The Commonwealth Games Quaich is a two-handled silver cup sitting 13cm high and 18cm wide. This small size is typical of Quaichs.
The inscription on
The Quaich reads
Inaugural Commonwealth Youth Games Edinburgh
This Quaich was donated by the city of Edinburgh to celebrate
The Commonwealth Youth Games
Scotland commands & entrusts the future of these games in perpetuity
History of
The Quaich
A Quaich is a small, shallow, two-handled drinking cup or vessel unique to Scotland. The Quaich has a rich heritage in Scotland, with the earliest written reference dating from 1546. The earliest Quaichs were made from a single piece of wood turned on a lathe. Handles, called "lugs", were sometimes covered with silver. Quaichs are still being made today, mostly as prizes for sporting events or as objects d'art.

Question: where were the 1998 football games held

In 1998 these games were held in Calabria.

Question: in what year were these games held in calabria

in what year were these games held in calabria

Question: when were these games held in calabria

Question: where were these games held in 1998

In 1998 these games were held in Calabria .

1998-இல் இந்த விளையாட்டுக்கள் கோலாலம்பூரில் நடத்தப்பட்டன.

1998-இல் இந்த விளையாட்டுக்கள் கோலாலம்பூரில் நடத்தப்பட்டன.

In 1998 these games were held in Calabria.

In 1998 these games were held in Calabria.

The city is the primary news agency of Malesia, which is part of the government or of the council, but some of the great outcomes are the authorities of the sunshine. There is a lot of people out of the two parts of the day.

செய்தித்தாள்கள்

கூட்டணியிலுள்ள

எதிர்க்கட்சிகளும்

நாளிதழ்களின்

உரிமையாளர்களாக

பகுதிகளிலிருந்து

ஊடகங்களிடையே

KUALA LUMPUR (Reuters) - Malaysian media photos showing “in camera” proceedings in the sodomy trial of opposition leader Anwar Ibrahim prompted complaints of bias in the politically charged trial on Friday.
The graphic picture in Friday’s edition of government-controlled Malay language Utusan Malaysia showed a 24-year-old man, who says Anwar had sex with him, gesturing toward a bed.
The same paper on Thursday used language that was struck out of court proceedings after objections by Anwar’s lawyers in a headline that read “Not willing to be sodomised again,” implying that Anwar had sex with the man more than once.
The judge said Utusan had not broken reporting restrictions on a Thursday visit closed to the public and media to the condominium where Anwar’s accuser said he was sodomised in 2008, in a ruling that stunned Anwar and his supporters.
“We can’t even get a decent judgment over a basic issue like that,” Anwar told reporters after the trial adjourned. Anwar has consistently denied the charge, saying it is part of a political conspiracy against him.
All homosexual acts are illegal in mainly Muslim Malaysia and Anwar was convicted of sodomy and sentenced to nine years in jail in 2000 in a trial that drew widespread condemnation, although the conviction was overturned four years later.
Malaysian papers have lapped up lurid details from the current trial which on Friday saw Saiful’s underwear paraded through the court along with intimate swabs from his body, a pair of trousers and a tube of lubricant used in anal sex.
“Yes, my Lord, that is my Levi’s underwear,” Saiful told the judge. “That is the underwear I wore on the day of the incident.”
COURT OF PUBLIC OPINION
The sensational media coverage means the trial is also being held in the court of public opinion.
“Those in the rural areas who are influenced by the mainstream media will believe in the charge against Anwar,” said Anwar supporter Kashfullah Amaluddin, 37, who was at court on Friday and who said he had also been at the first trial.
“But for the middle class Malays and those who are exposed to more sources of information, they find it impossible to believe.”
Since his acquittal on the earlier sodomy charge and triumphant return to parliament, Anwar has harried the government into dismissing its prime minister, who led the National Front coalition to its worst ever showing in national and state elections in 2008.
The opposition has won seven of nine by-elections since then.
Malaysia’s main newspapers are owned by the government or political parties in the ruling coalition and they have had a field day with the graphic details of homosexual sex -- just as they did during his earlier trial.
Online websites, bloggers, and the use of Twitter by Anwar from the court and from other opposition politicians, has provided some balance this time. But the detailed coverage spread over pages dominates the newsstands.
Absent so far has been the mass support that accompanied Anwar’s earlier trials, when tens of thousands of Malaysians left their workplaces to protest. Predictions that they simply do not care this time around may be wide of the mark, said independent political analyst Ong Kian Ming.
“Make no mistake, the public is very interested in reading and keeping track of the details of this trial, especially given the sordid details that have been and will continue to come out.
“My sense is that an explicit showing of public support for Anwar will occur only if and when he is convicted,” Ong said.
MALAY PRIVILEGES
Key to whether the government of Prime Minister Najib Razak or the opposition prevails in a political battle that will culminate in elections that must be held by 2013 is the majority Malay vote.
Malaysia’s substantial ethnic Chinese and Indian voters have largely deserted the multi-ethnic governing coalition, leaving it locked in a battle with an Islamic party for the 55 percent of the population that is Malay and Muslim.
Najib’s efforts to win back minorities were dealt a severe blow by a series of firebomb attacks on churches after a court ruling allowed a Catholic newspaper to use the word “Allah” for god, triggering anger among some Malays.
Anwar has challenged Malaysia to abandon its embedded system of racial preferences for Malays, an attempt at positive discrimination that has been in place for 30 years but which critics say has engendered corruption and cronyism.
Najib has taken some cautious steps in that direction in an effort to woo back foreign investment for Malaysia, which saw the third-biggest outflow of portfolio investment of any emerging market in 2009.
At the same time, the government, led by Najib’s United Malays National Organization, has tried to portray Anwar as a “traitor” to his race.
“Politically, Malay support for him (Anwar) may be split because they don’t fully understand his ideas and some feel insecure at the prospect of minorities having more say at the expense of Malays, a view that is actively promoted by UMNO,” said Ibrahim Suffian of independent pollster, the Merdeka Center.
Writing by David Chance; Editing by Bill Tarrant
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.

Question: what is one of the great outcomes of Malesia

The city is the primary news agency of Malesia, which is part of the government or of the council, but some of the great outcomes are the authorities of the sunshine. There is a lot of people out of the two parts of the day.

what is one of the great outcomes of Malesia

Question: the city is the primary news agency of which country

the city is the primary news agency of which country

Question: the city is the primary news agency of Malesia part of the government or what

கூட்டணியிலுள்ள

the city is the primary news agency of Malesia part of the government or what

Question: what is the primary news agency of Malesia

what is the primary news agency of Malesia

Question: what is Malesia's government or council

கூட்டணியிலுள்ள

Question: what is the city of Malesia's news agency part of

அரசுடமை அல்லது ஆளும் கூட்டணியிலுள்ள கட்சிகளின்

what is the city of Malesia's news agency part of

Question: the city is the primary news agency of Malesia part of what

அரசுடமை அல்லது ஆளும் கூட்டணியிலுள்ள கட்சிகளின்

the city is the primary news agency of Malesia part of what

The city is the primary news agency of Malesia , which is part of the government or of the council , but some of the great outcomes are the authorities of the sunshine . There is a lot of people out of the two parts of the day .

ஊடகம் மலேசியாவின் முதன்மை செய்தித்தாள்கள் அரசுடமை அல்லது ஆளும் கூட்டணியிலுள்ள கட்சிகளின் உடமையாக உள்ளன. இருப்பினும் சில பெரிய எதிர்க்கட்சிகளும் நாளிதழ்களின் உரிமையாளர்களாக உள்ளனர். நாட்டின் இரு பகுதிகளிலிருந்து வெளியாகும் ஊடகங்களிடையே பிளவு உள்ளது.

ஊடகம் மலேசியாவின் முதன்மை செய்தித்தாள்கள் அரசுடமை அல்லது ஆளும் கூட்டணியிலுள்ள கட்சிகளின் உடமையாக உள்ளன. இருப்பினும் சில பெரிய எதிர்க்கட்சிகளும் நாளிதழ்களின் உரிமையாளர்களாக உள்ளனர். நாட்டின் இரு பகுதிகளிலிருந்து வெளியாகும் ஊடகங்களிடையே பிளவு உள்ளது.

The city is the primary news agency of Malesia, which is part of the government or of the council, but some of the great outcomes are the authorities of the sunshine. There is a lot of people out of the two parts of the day.

The city is the primary news agency of Malesia, which is part of the government or of the council, but some of the great outcomes are the authorities of the sunshine. There is a lot of people out of the two parts of the day.

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Najib Razak is expected to take over as prime minister by early April
Malaysia's government has imposed a ban on two main opposition newspapers, ahead of key political developments.
Harakah and Suara Keadilan have been told they cannot publish for the next three months, with immediate effect.
It comes a week before the expected designation of a new and controversial prime minister, Najib Razak, and two weeks before important by-elections.
Analysts say the government, which has faced strong opposition challenges, is increasingly intolerant of criticism.
The government announced its decision in a letter from the Home Ministry addressed to the head of the Suara Keadilan newspaper.
Opposition inroads
"This latest suppression underscores the insecurity and fear that Najib and his supporters feel about their political situation," Tian Chua, a spokesman for the newspaper, is quoted by AFP news agency as saying.
"We fear that this action by the government is a prelude to a general clampdown on press freedom in Malaysia," he said.
Mr Chua said that no reason for the ban had been given, adding that the newspapers would defy it despite the threat of legal action.
Harakah and Suara Keadilan are the main publications of the Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party and the People's Justice Party, which belong to a three-party opposition alliance that has made major inroads against the ruling National Front coalition in the past year.
Mr Najib is expected to take office by early April when the current prime minister, Abdullah Badawi, steps down.
The transition will follow a turbulent period in Malaysia, which has seen growing political conflict and protests from angry minority groups.
Mr Najib would also enter office amid a series of allegations, including one linking him to a murder case, all of which he strongly denies.
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And the people of Moses, and the people of Moses, and the people of Moses, and the people of Moses, and the people of Moses, and the people of Moses, and the people of Moses, and the people of Moses, and the people of Moses.

Sept. 26, online: Malaysian opposition leader Anwar Ibrahim blames the Malaysian media and ruling party UMNO for playing a part in heating up the ever-tense situation between Indonesia and Malaysia.
Anwar said at a forum in Jakarta on Sunday that Malaysians’ tendency to have a negative perspective on Indonesia could be attributed to, among other things, negative coverage by the Malaysian media of events occurring in Indonesia or involving Indonesians.
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மலேசியாவிற்கும் இந்தோனேசியாவிற்கும் இடையே வளரும் சிக்கல்களுக்கு ஊடகங்கள் குறை சொல்லப் படுகின்றன.

மலேசியாவிற்கும் இந்தோனேசியாவிற்கும் இடையே வளரும் சிக்கல்களுக்கு ஊடகங்கள் குறை சொல்லப் படுகின்றன.

And the people of Moses, and the people of Moses, and the people of Moses, and the people of Moses, and the people of Moses, and the people of Moses, and the people of Moses, and the people of Moses, and the people of Moses.

And the people of Moses, and the people of Moses, and the people of Moses, and the people of Moses, and the people of Moses, and the people of Moses, and the people of Moses, and the people of Moses, and the people of Moses.

And if it is a little, it is a little; if it is a little, it is a little, it is a little.

பொறுப்புடைமை

KUALA LUMPUR, May 3 — DAP secretary-general Lim Guan Eng wants Putrajaya to repeal all “repressive” laws prohibiting a free and unbiased press in the country.
He said today that a free and fair press, coupled with the repeal of laws such as the Printing Presses and Publication Act (PPPA), the Internal Security Act (ISA) and the Official Secrets Act (OSA), would help ensure that the ruling government was accountable for its actions and transparent.
“A free media can uphold the truth as well as lessen corruption and discrepancies, it has been proven with looking at countries practising a free press; they are generally cleaner,” Lim (picture) said in a statement today.
The Penang chief minister said that a Freedom of Information (FOI) Bill was needed to replace the current laws, and the Pakatan Rakyat (PR) states of Penang and Selangor were examples of the success of the FOI.
“In the administrative level, PR states including Penang have proven that corruption can be lessened through competency, accountability and transparency (CAT). Penang’s efforts have been recognised not only by the Auditor-General but also Transparency International (TI),” said Lim.
He lamented how PR’s efforts were not recognised and given adequate coverage by the mainstream media, and said this was because they were controlled by Umno and Barisan Nasional (BN).
He said National Union of Journalists (NUJ) president Hata Wahari’s sacking from Umno-owned Utusan Malaysia proved his point.
“In recent times, some mainstream media like TV3 and Utusan Malaysia do not care about decency... they can even air pornography as news to make Pakatan leaders look bad without any proper evidence,” he added, in reference to TV3’s coverage of the sex video allegedly involving PR de facto leader Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim.
Malaysia is ranked 143 out of 196 countries surveyed worldwide in the latest media freedom study, which shows it is not free.
Together with Angola and Madagascar, it earned a score of 64 out of 100, which is considered not free.
In the Freedom of the Press Index, the lower the evaluation score the freer the country.
The countries are evaluated based on legal, political and economic environments.
In Southeast Asia, Malaysia ranks below East Timor (18), the Philippines (21), Indonesia (23), Thailand (29) and Cambodia (30) but above Singapore (32), Brunei (34) and Vietnam (36).
The world top spot went to Finland. Norway and Sweden both tied for second place, followed by Belgium, Iceland and Luxembourg for fourth.
According to the Freedom of the Press Survey 2011 released in conjunction with World Press Day today, the overall freedom of the media has plunged to its lowest in over a decade.

Question: what is the difference between a little and a little

குறைவாக உள்ள காரணத்தால் அரசிற்கு பொறுப்புடைமை குறைவாக

And if it is a little, it is a little; if it is a little, it is a little, it is a little.

what is the difference between a little and a little

Question: is a little a little or a little

குறைவாக உள்ள காரணத்தால் அரசிற்கு பொறுப்புடைமை குறைவாக

And if it is a little , it is a little ; if it is a little , it is a little , it is a little .

ஊடகச் சுதந்திரம் மிகக் குறைவாக உள்ள காரணத்தால் அரசிற்கு பொறுப்புடைமை குறைவாக உள்ளது.

ஊடகச் சுதந்திரம் மிகக் குறைவாக உள்ள காரணத்தால் அரசிற்கு பொறுப்புடைமை குறைவாக உள்ளது.

And if it is a little, it is a little; if it is a little, it is a little, it is a little.

And if it is a little, it is a little; if it is a little, it is a little, it is a little.

It is the day of the day, the day of the day.

The 2007-Council Leaders' Speech was signed to all private broadcasting and broadcasting stations in order to disclose the speech;

முயன்றுள்ளது

எதிர்க்கட்சித்

வேண்டாமென்று

தொலைக்காட்சி

நிலையங்களுக்கு

ஆணையிடப்பட்டன

Question: what is the meaning of the term day of the day

நாளிதழ்களை அடக்க முயன்றுள்ளது

It is the day of the day, the day of the day.

The 2007-Council Leaders' Speech was signed to all private broadcasting and broadcasting stations in order to disclose the speech;

what is the meaning of the term day of the day

Question: in what year was the council leaders' speech signed

in what year was the council leaders' speech signed

Question: what is the day of the day

நாளிதழ்களை அடக்க முயன்றுள்ளது

Question: who signed the council leaders' speech

private broadcasting and broadcasting stations

வேண்டாமென்று அனைத்து தனியார் தொலைக்காட்சி மற்றும் வானொலி நிலையங்களுக்கு

private broadcasting and broadcasting stations

Question: what was signed to all private broadcasting and broadcasting stations in 2007

தலைவர்களின் பேச்சுக்களை

what was signed to all private broadcasting and broadcasting stations in 2007

Question: when was the council leaders' speech signed

when was the council leaders' speech signed

Question: what is the meaning of day of the day

நாளிதழ்களை அடக்க முயன்றுள்ளது

It is the day of the day , the day of the day .

The 2007 - Council Leaders ' Speech was signed to all private broadcasting and broadcasting stations in order to disclose the speech ;

எதிர்கட்சி நாளிதழ்களை அடக்க முயன்றுள்ளது. 2007-இல் எதிர்க்கட்சித் தலைவர்களின் பேச்சுக்களை ஒளிபரப்ப வேண்டாமென்று அனைத்து தனியார் தொலைக்காட்சி மற்றும் வானொலி நிலையங்களுக்கு ஆணையிடப்பட்டன;

எதிர்கட்சி நாளிதழ்களை அடக்க முயன்றுள்ளது.

2007-இல் எதிர்க்கட்சித் தலைவர்களின் பேச்சுக்களை ஒளிபரப்ப வேண்டாமென்று அனைத்து தனியார் தொலைக்காட்சி மற்றும் வானொலி நிலையங்களுக்கு ஆணையிடப்பட்டன;

It is the day of the day, the day of the day. The 2007-Council Leaders' Speech was signed to all private broadcasting and broadcasting stations in order to disclose the speech;

It is the day of the day, the day of the day.

The 2007-Council Leaders' Speech was signed to all private broadcasting and broadcasting stations in order to disclose the speech;

It has been seen by the unprecedented genocide.

எதிர்க்கட்சியான

கண்டித்துள்ளது

Question: what type of act has it been seen by

கண்டித்துள்ளது

It has been seen by the unprecedented genocide.

Question: what has been seen by the மிய�

கண்டித்துள்ளது

Question: what has been seen as the cause of the genocide

கண்டித்துள்ளது

what has been seen as the cause of the genocide

Question: what type of act is the மலி�

கண்டித்துள்ளது .

Question: what has been seen by the  மலி

கண்டித்துள்ளது .

Question: what type of genocide has it been seen by

கண்டித்துள்ளது

what type of genocide has it been seen by

Question: what has been seen by

கண்டித்துள்ளது .

It has been seen by the unprecedented genocide .

இதனை எதிர்க்கட்சியான ஜனநாயக செயல் கட்சி கண்டித்துள்ளது.

இதனை எதிர்க்கட்சியான ஜனநாயக செயல் கட்சி கண்டித்துள்ளது.

It has been seen by the unprecedented genocide.

It has been seen by the unprecedented genocide.

Every day, except one in Saba, is alone, and now there are very cool cities in Malesia.

எதிர்க்கட்சியான

கண்டித்துள்ளது

நாளிதழ்களும்

இருக்குமிடமாகும்

FOCUS Anyone who keeps tabs on the mainstream media in Sabah knows that the state has the freest press in Malaysia. It’s likely to stay that way given the politics in Sabah where anything goes. Besides, the readers will not stand for anything less.
Upko (United PasokMomogun KadazanDusunMurut Organisation) deputy president Wilfred Mojilip Bumburing’s recent high praise for the Sabah media is merely stating the obvious with boring regularity. It’s like preaching to the converted.
One reason for press freedom in Sabah is the stiff competition posed by the number of local dailies which is startling. Another is the fact that except for the tabloid New Sabah Times, owned by the family of Sabah Chief Minister Musa Aman, all the others are independent media.
The contrast between the east, albeit Sabah, and west could not be any greater.
There is no place in Sabah for the Umno-owned Utusan Malaysia kind of racist fare or BN-poodles like the New Straits Times, also Umno-owned, and to a lesser extent The Star which is owned by the MCA.
Peninsular Malaysia-based dailies, except for The Sun from the time it went free, are however available in Sabah in limited numbers. Their sales are poor and getting increasingly worse except for The Star, but in Sarawak which doesn’t have a free press, thanks to Chief Minister Abdul Taib Mahmud. Even Tamil newspapers from Peninsular Malaysia can be seen on sale at the news stands in Kota Kinabalu.
Besides the New Sabah Times, there are three English-language dailies in Sabah i.e. the Daily Express and the Borneo Post while the tabloid Daily Mail is still largely confined to Labuan. The number of English dailies is surprising in a state where the people, including the Chinese, prefer speaking in Bahasa Sabah. This is a variation of the Malay language.
The hugely popular tabloid Borneo Bulletin used to circulate in Sabah when it was a weekly based in Kuala Belait, Brunei. Since its shift to Bandar Seri Begawan as a daily, only subscriber copies are available in Sabah.
The Utusan Borneo is a daily in Bahasa Malaysia and Kadazandusun. Both the Daily Express and the New Sabah Times have inside pages in Bahasa Malaysia and Kadazandusun.
Then there are the Chinese dailies i.e. the Overseas Chinese Daily News, the sister daily of the Daily Express; the See Hua Daily News, the sister daily of the Borneo Post; the Asia Times, the Miri-based International Times and the Morning Post in Tawau. The Sandakan Jih Pao went defunct several years ago but there are persistent rumours that it will be making a comeback soon.
There is any number of blogs and semi-news portals led by sabahkini.net, a scandal site with a record number of police reports against it. It is not known how many law suits the portal is facing.
Local news hogs the limelight in Sabah dailies with significant coverage of Peninsular Malaysia and to a lesser extent Sarawak. There’s hardly any news on Brunei.
Sabah coverage is mainly the work of local journalists. Even the national news agency, Bernama, gives scant attention to Sabah and probably it’s the same with Sarawak and Brunei.
The main beef in Sabah among the media is that the Peninsular-Malaysia-based give very low priority to news from Sabah and Sarawak. Any coverage is very low-profile, often limited to fillers, and generally placed at the bottom of the page. This makes one wonder why their bureaus in Sabah keep churning out news which will not see the light of day. The Bernama staffers in Sabah must be in a similar predicament.
Peninsular Malaysia-based Bahasa Malaysia dailies tend to give more coverage to news from Sabah and Sarawak but in keeping with the ruling elite’s “these are our colonies bequeathed to us by the British” theme. The emphasis is on the greater glory of the banga, agama and negara – race, religion, and nation – theme.
The Peninsular Malaysia-based alternative media is seen as definitely pro-opposition alliance – read Pakatan Rakyat – in the same way that the mainstream media in the peninsula roots for the ruling federal Barisan Nasional coalition. And therefore just as bad.
Even if anything the alternative media are decidedly even more hostile than the pro-BN mainstream media to any idea of Sabah and Sarawak opting for a third political force in the Malaysian Parliament. Opposition leaders in Sabah and Sarawak who show any signs of breaking away from PR for a more independent stance are roundly condemned and vilified without being given the right of reply.
The reading among the local media in Sabah is that it serves no purpose whatsoever for Malaysian Borneo to go from the frying pan (BN) into the fire (PR). The BN parties are happy with this take. Anything that further divides the opposition alliance is good news to them. They draw a line, however, at any idea of a third force making inroads into the BN vote banks in Sabah and Sarawak.
East is east and west is west. Will the twain ever meet? Patently, there’s a need for a greater east-west balance in the flow of news. The mainstream media could yet lead the way and report events in Sabah and Sarawak in a more balanced way. The same cannot be expected of the alternative media, which sees Sabah and Sarawak as the preserve of PR, except for the odd report now and then which makes its way past the “censors”.
* The views expressed here are those of the writer and do not necessarily represent the views of Malaysian Mirror and/or its associates.

Question: where is the largest city in Malesia

Every day, except one in Saba, is alone, and now there are very cool cities in Malesia.

Question: what has been seen by the unprecedented

கண்டித்துள்ளது

Question: where are the cool cities located

Question: what has been seen by the people of Malesia

கண்டித்துள்ளது

what has been seen by the people of Malesia

Question: how is everyone in saba

Question: how many cities are in Malesia alone

Question: what is the only city in Malesia that is not experiencing genocide

தனியார் வசமுள்ளன

what is the only city in Malesia that is not experiencing genocide

Every day , except one in Saba , is alone , and now there are very cool cities in Malesia .

இதனை எதிர்க்கட்சியான ஜனநாயக செயல் கட்சி கண்டித்துள்ளது. சபாவில் ஒன்றைத் தவிர அனைத்து நாளிதழ்களும் தனியார் வசமுள்ளன. இப்பகுதியே மலேசியாவில் மிகவும் சுதந்திரமான ஊடகங்கள் இருக்குமிடமாகும்.

சபாவில் ஒன்றைத் தவிர அனைத்து நாளிதழ்களும் தனியார் வசமுள்ளன. இப்பகுதியே மலேசியாவில் மிகவும் சுதந்திரமான ஊடகங்கள் இருக்குமிடமாகும்.

It has been seen by the unprecedented genocide. Every day, except one in Saba, is alone, and now there are very cool cities in Malesia.

Every day, except one in Saba, is alone, and now there are very cool cities in Malesia.

Those who are in the midst and in the midst, and those who are in the midst, and those who are in the midst, and those who are in the midst, and those who are in the midst.

நாளிதழ்களும்

இருக்குமிடமாகும்

சுதந்திரத்திற்கு

சுட்டப்படுகிறது

How press censorship works
Although Malaysia is a small country (about 26.6 million people, or less than 10 percent the population of the U.S.), its press and broadcast policies are worthy of study. Take the recent government edict issued to a dozen mainstream newspapers and five television stations telling them to ignore any and all online information that might be considered anti-government. (More about the Malaysian issue at Malaysia Today: Bloggers controversy keeps journalists busy, March 23. More also at Jeff Ooi’s blog, March 21.)
I have met some journalism students (and even some mature editors) who think this way: How can you decide which online sources are telling the truth? Well, it can be hard to be sure. So these cautious folks decide they just won’t consult any online-only sources. Ha, that solves the problem, doesn’t it?
A journalist’s job is to find sources and verify them. That means checking and cross-checking. You can do that with online sources — if you’re not a lazy slug.
Sometimes you will hear people calling for stronger oversight of the news media in the U.S. On this subject, we can learn from a country like Malaysia. What does “stronger oversight” amount to?
The biggest muzzle on the press is a license to publish. They have these in Malaysia. You cannot print a newspaper of any kind unless the national government has given you a license to do so.
The license is like a sword hanging over your newspaper’s neck — and that neck is permanently stretched out on the chopping block. Every editor in Malaysia knows this. How do I know? I lived there for eight months and interviewed several of them, both formally and informally. Not one of them agreed to speak on the record.
Why journalists act like chickens
The first threat is personal. Say a government official complains about a story in your newspaper. Maybe it’s a matter of so-called national security, or maybe it’s just about the incredibly expensive mansion the official built for his second wife. If you are the editor who permitted that story to be published, you probably won’t be hauled off and shot (Malaysia isn’t that kind of country). But you could lose your job. And even more subtly, you might just not get that plum promotion you had been guaranteed.
The most interesting thing I was told: If you have children who are not yet of college age, what you’re afraid of is that they will not receive a place at one of the better pubic universities. The national government determines all placements in all public universities in Malaysia. Journalists actually believe the government will send their kids to an inferior school in the hinterlands if they, the journalists, make someone mad by publishing something undesirable.
That one really amazed me.
The second threat is worse: The government can take away your newspaper’s license, and there’s no way to appeal the decision. Your paper must shut down the presses, apply for a new license, and just wait, wait, wait until they think they have punished you enough. Everybody loses his or her job.
What happens when a government is immune from criticism? I mean, your editor is too scared to let you follow up on a story about a legislator’s suspiciously huge income from unknown sources — let alone anything more pervasive or dangerous to the idea of fair government or equality under the law. Malaysia does call itself a democracy, and it holds free and fair elections, and the legislature meets and discusses policy and passes laws. On the surface, the country appears to function like a democratic republic — just like the U.S. or Britain or any other “modern democracy.”
No democracy without a free press
Living in Malaysia, I learned how much of a difference a free press can make. Sure, the U.S. news media have a long, long list of failings. But at least when they do decide to fulfill their watchdog role, the government won’t swoop in and shut down the whole newspaper.
Malaysian officials will be very quick to tell you that you can, and will, read negative news about the government in Malaysian newspapers. That is true. But if you live there for a few months, you’ll start to get the big picture. Malaysians like to read two or three newspapers a day to try to figure out what’s really going on. Part of the way they figure it out — they call it “reading between the lines” — is to compare how the same story is handled in different papers, especially comparing the English-language papers with the vernacular (Malay or Chinese) papers. You’ll sometimes see a very different emphasis in each version, and that lets you know which political faction is pushing the story forward. So the negative news is spun by some power within the government, just as much as the positive news.
Now, back to that edict about ignoring online sources.
In a country such as Malaysia, the only freedom of speech to be found in any mass medium is online (there is also an underground network of SMS — because everyone sends text messages all day long, even grandmothers and small children).
Because the government has pledged not to censor or control the Internet — in the interests of attracting Western business and not seeming to be too backward or paternalistic — what is the best way to combat the truths found only on blogs and other online sites?
- Try to convince everyone that the Internet is full of lies.
- Try to convince people that there is no way to separate truth from fiction online.
- Make all bloggers out to be crazy people, unreliable, and certainly never experts.
- Forbid all journalists to use information found online.
- Repeat the age-old assurances that the government itself will tell the people everything they need to know.
Well. I think we can all learn from the Malaysian example.
Is anyone you know convinced that we cannot find reliable sources online?
Technorati tags: blogs | free speech | journalism | reporting | Malaysia | newspapers
Categories: ideas
Dear Mindy,
I’m so intrigued by this post and your blog. At which university do you teach? Where in Malaysia did you spend your eight months? Why Malaysia?
I’m a Malaysian journalism student who will be graduating from San Francisco State this semester, and interning as a multimedia producer at The Virginian-Pilot in the summer and The Miami Herald in the fall.
I’m also the director and co-founder of theCICAK, a peer-reviewed Malaysian political and pop culture publication. It’s also a social networking site for the youth who want a better, more democratic country. Most of our writers are high school and college students.
My friends and I created theCICAK because we were pissed off at how our generation was being covered by mainstream media in Malaysia. Unfortunately, we only publish commentary as opposed to news pieces, as we do not have the resources to train everyone in news writing and reporting.
Can we republish this post on our site? I think many of our readers would be very interested in this article. I will link it back to tojou.blogspot.com.
My e-mail address is:
pohsiteng at gmail dot com
Hope to hear from you soon.
Sincerely,
Poh Si
http://pohsi.com
http://thecicak.com
Poh Si Teng
Director
theCICAK
http://thecicak.com
http://pohsi.com
Hi, Poh Si. Thanks for posting a comment. You can republish this post for non-commercial use under the terms of the Creative Commons License as long as you link back to the original post.
I chose Malaysia because I think it is one of the most interesting countries in the world. Its racial rojak gives it both vitality and tension. I lived in Shah Alam and taught at UiTM.
I miss Malaysia so much — it is almost two years since I left.
Your generation has to find a way to use the strengths of the three races in your country — you know we have a saying: “United, we stand. Divided, we fall.” I am afraid it is up to you to change the system, as it is always left to each new generation.
Hi Mindy,
I’m the co-founder and publisher of an online arts magazine, http://www.kakiseni.com. We’re entering out 6th year now, and our primary focus is on arts and culture withing a broader socio/political framework. We’ve covered a number of censorship in the arts (and media) related articles and I thought you might be interested in articles on the temporary closure of the Sunday Mail, as well as one on the ongoing bloggers case on the site.
Kathy Rowland

Question: where are the cool cities in Malesia located

Those who are in the midst and in the midst, and those who are in the midst, and those who are in the midst, and those who are in the midst, and those who are in the midst.

where are the cool cities in Malesia located

Question: what does every day, except one in saba, do

what does every day, except one in saba, do

Question: what kind of cities are Malesia

Question: who are the cool cities in Malesia

Those who are in the midst and in the midst

மற்றும் வெளியீடுகள் சட்டம் போன்றவை கருத்துச் சுதந்திரத்திற்கு தடங்கலாக இருப்பதாகச்

Those who are in the midst and in the midst

Question: how many cool cities are there in Malesia

how many cool cities are there in Malesia

Question: what is the only city in Malesia that is not alone

தனியார் வசமுள்ளன

what is the only city in Malesia that is not alone

Question: what kind of cities are in Malesia

Those who are in the midst and in the midst , and those who are in the midst , and those who are in the midst , and those who are in the midst , and those who are in the midst .

சபாவில் ஒன்றைத் தவிர அனைத்து நாளிதழ்களும் தனியார் வசமுள்ளன. இப்பகுதியே மலேசியாவில் மிகவும் சுதந்திரமான ஊடகங்கள் இருக்குமிடமாகும். அச்சகங்கள் மற்றும் வெளியீடுகள் சட்டம் போன்றவை கருத்துச் சுதந்திரத்திற்கு தடங்கலாக இருப்பதாகச் சுட்டப்படுகிறது.

அச்சகங்கள் மற்றும் வெளியீடுகள் சட்டம் போன்றவை கருத்துச் சுதந்திரத்திற்கு தடங்கலாக இருப்பதாகச் சுட்டப்படுகிறது.

Every day, except one in Saba, is alone, and now there are very cool cities in Malesia. Those who are in the midst and in the midst, and those who are in the midst, and those who are in the midst, and those who are in the midst, and those who are in the midst.

Those who are in the midst and in the midst, and those who are in the midst, and those who are in the midst, and those who are in the midst, and those who are in the midst.

Development alt= A dual highway with greenery on either the north-north speed line, the development of Malaysia is a very advanced one in the Asian countries.

"உள்கட்டமைப்பு

விரைவுச்சாலை

உள்கட்டமைப்பு

மேம்படுத்தப்பட்ட

விளங்குகிறது

Why Malaysia
Developed Infrastructure
Malaysia's persistent drive to develop and upgrade its infrastructure has resulted in one of the most well-developed infrastructure among the newly industrialising countries of Asia.
The greatest advantage to manufacturers in Malaysia has been the nation's persistent drive to develop and upgrade its infrastructure. Over the years, these investments have paid off and serious bottlenecks have been avoided. Today, Malaysia can boast of having one of the most well-developed infrastructure among the newly industrialising countries of Asia.
Latest, the development of Kuala Lumpur Sentral, a futuristic self-contained city, providing the perfect live, work and play environment. A modern transportation hub integrating all major rail transport networks, including the Express Rail Link to the KLIA and Putrajaya, the government's new administrative centre.The transport facilities offered are on par with the best the world over. Read more
Network of Highways
Peninsular Malaysia's network of well-maintained highways is a boon to industries. These highways link major growth centres to seaports and airports throughout the peninsula and provide an efficient means of transportation for goods. To complement these highways, a Kuala Lumpur-Bangkok-Kuala Lumpur containerised service known as the Asean Rail Express (ARX) has been initiated with the aim of expanding it to become the Trans-Asia Rail Link that will include Singapore, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos and Myanmar before ending up in Kunming, China.
Efficient Seaports
International trade, especially seaborne trade, has traditionally been the lifeblood of Malaysia. Today, more than 90% of the country's trade is by sea via Malaysia's seven international ports namely Penang Port, Port Klang, Johor Port, Port of Tanjung Pelepas, Kuantan Port and Kemaman Port in Peninsular Malaysia and Bintulu Port in Sarawak. All these ports are equipped with modern facilities. Bintulu Port handles liquefied natural gas.
In tandem with the expansion of the economy and trade, ports in the country registered impressive growth in recent years. Two of the ports; Port Klang and the Port of Tanjung Pelepas(PTP), are ranked among the top 20 container ports in the world. Port Klang has been made the national load centre and the transshipment centre. Whereas the Port of Tanjung Pelepas has been recognised as a regional transshipment hub.
International Airports
Malaysia's central location in the Asia Pacific region makes her an ideal gateway to Asia. Air cargo facilities are well-developed in the six international airports - the Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA), Penang International Airport, Langkawi International Airport and Senai International Airport in Peninsular Malaysia, Kota Kinabalu International Airport in Sabah, and Kuching International Airport in Sarawak.
Malaysia's biggest airport, the KLIA, surrounded by four main cities of Kuala Lumpur, Shah Alam, Seremban and Melaka has a capacity of handling 40 million passengers and more than 1.2 million tonnes of cargo per year. Cargo import and export procedures are fully automated at the KLIA to cut down delivery time.
Developed Industrial Parks
Industries in Malaysia are mainly located in over 200 industrial estates or parks and18 Free Industrial Zones (FIZs) developed throughout the country. New sites, fully equipped with infrastructure facilities such as roads, electricity and water supplies, and telecommunications, are continuously being developed by state governments as well as private developers to meet demand.
FIZs are export processing zones which have been developed to cater to the needs of export-oriented industries. Companies in FIZs are allowed duty free imports of raw materials, components, parts, machinery and equipment directly required in the manufacturing process. In areas where FIZs are not available, companies can set up Licensed Manufacturing Warehouses (LMWs) which are accorded facilities similar to those enjoyed by establishments in FIZs.
Specialised Parks
Specialised parks have been developed in Malaysia to cater to the needs of specific industries. Examples of these parks are the Technology Park Malaysia in Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur and the Kulim Hi-Tech Park in the northern state of Kedah which cater to technology-intensive industries and R&D activities. TPM is among the world's most advanced and comprehensive centres for R&D by knowledge based industries.
To the North is the sprawling 1,450-hectare (3,580-acre) Kulim Hi-Tech Park, the country's first, fully-integrated high technology park. Besides providing one of the best infrastructure there is for high technology manufacturing and R&D, the Park's Masterplan also emphasises on the quality of life within a self-contained township. Amenities incorporated in the plan include a shopping centre, a hospital, educational institutions and recreational facilities.
Hi-Tech Telecommunications
Malaysia's telecommunications network has seen impressive expansion and upgrading during the past decade following the successful privatisation of its Telecommunications Department. The latest digital and fibre optics technology is being used to provide high quality telecommunication services at competitive prices.
Under the Equal Access Regime, telephone subscribers in Malaysia can choose from five network service providers for a full range of local, domestic and international services encompassing voice and data facilities. There are also six internet service providers and five telco's and other network facilities services supporting a full range of domestic and international services.
Malaysia is linked to the rest of the world through various fibre optics and satellite consortia such as FLAG, SE-MA-WE, APCN, China-US, Japanese-US, Measat and Intelsat. To support the increasing demand for bandwidth, medium and high-end technologies such as IDSL, IP, VPN and ATM are being extensively deployed throughout the country.
^ Back to Top

Question: which asian country is developing a highway with greenery

Development alt= A dual highway with greenery on either the north-north speed line, the development of Malaysia is a very advanced one in the Asian countries.

which asian country is developing a highway with greenery

Question: what is the name of the dual highway in malaysia

"உள்கட்டமைப்பு alt=

what is the name of the dual highway in malaysia

Question: what is a very advanced one in asian countries

what is a very advanced one in asian countries

Question: what speed line does the malaysian highway use

வடக்கு - தெற்கு விரைவுச்சாலை

what speed line does the malaysian highway use

Question: what type of road is the development of malaysia

what type of road is the development of malaysia

Question: what is the development alt of malaysia

Question: where is malaysia a very advanced development

ஆசிய நாடுகளிலேயே

where is malaysia a very advanced development

Question: what type of vegetation is on either side of the north-north speed line in mal

what type of vegetation is on either side of the north-north speed line in mal

Development alt= A dual highway with greenery on either the north - north speed line , the development of Malaysia is a very advanced one in the Asian countries .

உள்கட்டமைப்பு alt= A dual highway with greenery on either வடக்கு-தெற்கு விரைவுச்சாலை, மலேசியா மலேசியாவின் உள்கட்டமைப்பு ஆசிய நாடுகளிலேயே மிகவும் மேம்படுத்தப்பட்ட ஒன்றாக விளங்குகிறது.

உள்கட்டமைப்பு alt= A dual highway with greenery on either வடக்கு-தெற்கு விரைவுச்சாலை, மலேசியா மலேசியாவின் உள்கட்டமைப்பு ஆசிய நாடுகளிலேயே மிகவும் மேம்படுத்தப்பட்ட ஒன்றாக விளங்குகிறது.

Development alt= A dual highway with greenery on either the north-north speed line, the development of Malaysia is a very advanced one in the Asian countries.

Development alt= A dual highway with greenery on either the north-north speed line, the development of Malaysia is a very advanced one in the Asian countries.

A dual highway with greenery on either the north-north line, the development of Malaysia reflects a very advanced one in the Asian countries.

With 4.7 million stages of local telephone connections and 30 million stages of local telephone connections, this telecommunications network is next to Singapore in Southeast Asia.

விரைவுச்சாலை

உள்கட்டமைப்பு

மேம்படுத்தப்பட்ட

விளங்குகிறது

இணைப்புகளையும்

இணைப்புக்களையும்

தொலைத்தொடர்பு

சிங்கப்பூருக்கு

Size of Domestic IT Market
Computing & Internet Diffusion
E-Commerce and E-Business
Telecom Regulation & Liberalization
Quick Links
Malaysian Telecom Overview
Malaysia's telecommunications network is more advanced than any other in South-east Asia with the exception of Singapore. In 2000, the number of telephone lines per 1,000 population in Malaysia stood at 210, more than twice of Thailand, and six to eight times that of the Philippines and Indonesia. Use of cellular phones is growing rapidly in Asian countries. In 2000, Malaysia had 4.7 million fixed-line subscribers, and 5.5 million cellular subscribers. Although telecommunications services are excellent and readily available in urban centers, they are fair to poor in many rural locations[1].
Infrastructure
The Malaysian Government has invested heavily in world-class infrastructure. Malaysia's Multimedia Super Corridor (MSC) is designed to create an ideal environment for ICT-related production as well as provide the backbone for an information superhighway. The network contains a high-speed link (10Gb/s network) that connects the MSC to Japan, ASEAN, the US and Europe, and is capable of supporting extensive public administration, education and business applications. The intent of the superhighway is to provide quality access to global information as quickly and easily as possible. Simultaneously, the Demonstrator Application Grand Scheme (DAGS) is intended to facilitate social and economic progress through the innovative use of ICT. It provides funds for citizens to access the opportunities associated with the MSC and to be involved in multimedia development.
The telephone penetration rate—as a measurement of the ICT readiness of the country—rose from 16.6 percent to 23.2 percent between 1995 and 1999, while fixed lines in the rural areas rose from 5.2 percent in 1994 to 11 percent in 1999. Malaysia is aiming to continue the establishment of basic telecommunications infrastructure, with plans for 250 Internet access points, 250 mobile phones and 500 fixed lines for every 1,000 people within the next 5 years. This is in addition to the development of other primary physical infrastructure, such as power supply, transportation, airports, office buildings and extended business areas[1a].
Key
players
The country's five mobile network operators--Celcom, Digi.com, Maxis Communications, Telekom Malaysia and Time.com—all offer 2.5G services, although demand for enhanced features is constrained by a lack of compatible handsets[3].
Nevertheless, Amar Leo Moggie, the minister of energy, communications and multimedia, has reiterated the government's plan to develop 3G technology in 2002. Plans for auctioning 3G bandwidth are have been carried out in 2002. But industry experts predict that only two or three of the five mobile operators will be permitted to develop the expensive infrastructure required.
Market share of Malaysia's mobile operators, year ending 2001 is Maxis with 28 percent; Celcom with 26 percent; Telekom Malaysia with 18 percent; DiGi with 16 percent and Time at 12 percent.[4]
According to the Multimedia Convergence Act of 1998, all five local telecoms companies, and the Malaysian Institute of Microelectronic Systems (MIMOS), are licensed ISPs. Five of the six ISPs have substantial investments from foreign telecom companies. TMnet is Malaysia's largest ISP, boasting more than 850,000 users and a 70% market share at end-2000. All four ISPs are plagued by problems such as slow service and difficulty logging on during peak times[5].
Demand and Supply
Pyramid Research projects that mobile usage will race ahead to 32.2 subscribers per 100 in 2001, while fixed lines will increase to only 24.4 per 100. Government statisticians broadly concur about the explosion of cellular phone use, estimating that 22 percent of the population had mobile phones by mid-2001, and that 30 percent of Malaysians will carry them by 2003[6].
The number of Internet users increased from 13,000 in 1995 to about 3.8m in December 2000. There were five Internet service providers in Malaysia in 2001. The government actively promotes electronic services but keeps a wary eye on the Internet, fearing uncensored criticism[7].
Cyber-cafes are common in Malaysia. They are so popular, in fact - particularly with the nation's youth - that the government decided in June 2001 to mandate a closing time of 1 am.
Forecast
As with market trends in most economies, demand for telecommunications services in Malaysia is expected to continue to expand rapidly over the next five years. Malaysia has a well-developed telecom infrastructure. The number of mobile-phone subscribers overtook fixed-line subscribers in 2001. Despite slower growth in the mobile industry during the next five years, opportunities for development in the regions remain.
Because of slow growth in the mobile segment, suppliers are likely to put their efforts into promoting new services, rather than attracting new subscribers. The move to Internet-enabled video phones technology will be costly. In July 2003 the government announced that Telekom Malaysia, together with Maxis Communications, would spend M$7.5 billion (US$2.2bn) over the next ten years on rolling out the 3G system. Maxis stated that it expects conventional short message service (SMS) operations to continue to provide the bulk of its revenue until 2006. Telekom Malaysia’s objective is to provide 3G coverage for 80 percent of the population by 2010. For the short term, the results for mobile networks are likely to be bolstered by marketing or tie-ins with firms in other sectors, such as banks. Malaysia will remain a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) market. Telekom Malaysia will continue to use a code division multiple access (CDMA) network to reach some rural areas in Sabah and Sarawak.
No mobile equipment manufacturer is likely to achieve a dominant position in the next few years. In the past, Telekom Malaysia has bought equipment from a range of suppliers, although its new mobile partner, Time favors Nokia. Maxis has a long-standing relationship with Motorola, but its new partner, Celcom (now part of Telekom Malaysia) has a past history with Ericsson, a mobile systems supplier based in Sweden.
During the next five years, substantial changes in Malaysia’s computer parts industry are certain to occur. According to the Department of Statistics, electrical and electronic products accounted for over 50 percent of total exports in the first half of 2004, resulting in M$114 billion. In 2004-2008 investors will continue to look for lower-cost locations.
The challenge for Malaysia, and for the island of Penang in particular, will be how to best offer firms incentives to stay. Although more firms will probably be attracted to the Multimedia Supercorridor that runs out from the capital, Kuala Lumpur, it is unlikely to become a major regional center for electronics production.
History
The telecommunications sector is in a state of considerable ferment, as the new operators which have emerged since the introduction of partial liberalisation in mid-1994 compete with each other, and with more established players, for market share. While the supply of fixed lines grew by 18% to 3.93 million in 1996, Telekom Malaysia, the former monopoly provider in which the finance ministry retains a controlling stake, maintained its overwhelmingly dominant position, losing only 1.5% of its market to the five new companies which came on the scene at the start of the year. The essential reason for its continued dominance was the government's decision to defer equal access (whereby Telekom's subscribers would be entitled to use its competitor's trunk and international networks) from July 1996 until January 1999. Telekom's after-tax profits rose by 20.3% to M$1.9bn in the year to end-December, and capital expenditure was projected at M$3bn in 1997 up from M$2.3bn last year.
-- as rivalry for cellular subscribers heats up --
Competition has been far keener in the more liberalised mobile phone market, which expanded by 49% to reach some 1.5 million subscribers last year. Tajudin Ramli's Technology Resources Industries (TRI), which in 1989 acquired Telekom's cellular operations for just M$4m along with a guaranteed three-year monopoly, recorded an estimated 25% rise, to some 840,000, in subscribers. However, a halving of new subscriptions secured by its mobile phone arm, Cellular Communications, to an average of 10,000 per month in July-December, underlined the ferocity of the competition, in the form of massive price discounts, from the six more recent newcomers to this market. The fastest-growing of these, Binariang, claimed in February that it had 170,000 subscribers and was attracting new ones at a rate of more than 1,300 per day.
-- and the government sticks to its guns on foreign ownership
While some of the new entrants are expected to fall by the wayside, independent analysts forecast that the cellular market will grow by at least 30% in 1997 and 20% in 1998. Its buoyancy derives in part from the recent acquisition by overseas interests of sizeable stakes in the most promising players. US West has a 20% share of Binariang, Deutsche Telekom 21% of TRI and Swiss Telecom 30% of Mutiara, another newcomer. While Malaysia is one of 69 countries which has promised to endorse a WTO agreement liberalising basic telecommunications services that is due to come into force in January 1998, the government signalled that provisions requiring that foreign companies be allowed full ownership of independent networks would not be implemented. The present 30% ceiling on foreign shareholdings in locally incorporated telecommunications companies would be maintained, it said. [8]
In late February the government decided to raise the permitted ceiling on foreign ownership of telecommunications companies from 30% to 49%, raising it again, to 61%, in late April. The government claims that the moves are in line with its obligations under World Trade Organisation agreements, and also reflect the government's desire to see the quality of services improve ahead of the January 1st 1999 deadline for the introduction of equal access to fixed-line networks (see below) and the need of many of the companies concerned for fresh injections of capital. The financial crisis has slowed the sector's growth and disrupted expansion plans, particularly of private operators. The weak stockmarket has forced some to postpone plans to raise funds through share offerings, while rising interest rates and bankers' reluctance to lend have constrained their ability to borrow.
-- amid keen interest on the part of foreign operators
Foreign companies may be slow to respond to the initiative. In announcing the raising of the equity ceiling to 61%, the minister of energy, telecommunications and posts, Leo Moggie, added that foreign companies must sell down their stake to 49% again within five years. Interested parties appear to be holding out for more attractively priced equity stakes and awaiting a further shake-out of the industry. With five major telecommunications companies, the number of operators in Malaysia (particularly of cellular services) is widely regarded as too high. [9]
Pressure on the government to find a strategic foreign partner for Telekom Malaysia, the dominant fixed-line provider that wants to significantly increase its share of the fast-growing cellular market, has intensified. Telekom's share price took a battering following the mid-July disclosure that talks on a tie-up with Nippon Telegraph and Telephone had broken down, apparently over the issue of management control. A communications ministry announcement the same month, establishing licensing procedures for companies offering Voice Over Internet Protocol services, presages a possibly significant erosion of its main earnings base. Telekom suffered a 46% year-on-year drop in net profit in January- June, according to figures released in late August. Its cellular division posted yet another loss, even though the number of subscribers more than doubled to 461,000 during the six-month period. Local press reports in mid-November claimed that Telekom had three foreign suitors -- France Telecom, Spain's Telefonica and Hong Kong's Hutchinson Whampoa -- all of them particularly keen on the potential for rapid expansion of its cellular operations.[10]
[2] Executive Briefing. The Economist Intelligence Unit. 20 Apr 2002.

Question: how many stages of local telephone connections does malaysia have

30 மில்லியன்

A dual highway with greenery on either the north-north line, the development of Malaysia reflects a very advanced one in the Asian countries.

With 4.7 million stages of local telephone connections and 30 million stages of local telephone connections, this telecommunications network is next to Singapore in Southeast Asia.

how many stages of local telephone connections does malaysia have

Question: malaysia's telecommunications network is next to what asian country

சிங்கப்பூருக்கு

malaysia's telecommunications network is next to what asian country

Question: what type of highway does malaysia have

Question: which asian country has a dual highway with greenery

which asian country has a dual highway with greenery

Question: what kind of highway does malaysia have

Question: where is malaysia's telecommunications network located

தென்கிழக்கு ஆசியாவில்

where is malaysia's telecommunications network located

Question: what is on either north-north line of the malaysian highway

what is on either north-north line of the malaysian highway

A dual highway with greenery on either the north - north line , the development of Malaysia reflects a very advanced one in the Asian countries .

With 4.7 million stages of local telephone connections and 30 million stages of local telephone connections , this telecommunications network is next to Singapore in Southeast Asia .

A dual highway with greenery on either வடக்கு-தெற்கு விரைவுச்சாலை, மலேசியா மலேசியாவின் உள்கட்டமைப்பு ஆசிய நாடுகளிலேயே மிகவும் மேம்படுத்தப்பட்ட ஒன்றாக விளங்குகிறது. 4.7 மில்லியன் நிலைத்த இடத் தொலைபேசி இணைப்புகளையும் 30 மில்லியன் நகர்பேசி இணைப்புக்களையும் கொண்டுள்ள இதன் தொலைத்தொடர்பு பிணையம் தென்கிழக்கு ஆசியாவில் சிங்கப்பூருக்கு அடுத்த நிலையில் உள்ளது.

A dual highway with greenery on either வடக்கு-தெற்கு விரைவுச்சாலை, மலேசியா மலேசியாவின் உள்கட்டமைப்பு ஆசிய நாடுகளிலேயே மிகவும் மேம்படுத்தப்பட்ட ஒன்றாக விளங்குகிறது.

4.7 மில்லியன் நிலைத்த இடத் தொலைபேசி இணைப்புகளையும் 30 மில்லியன் நகர்பேசி இணைப்புக்களையும் கொண்டுள்ள இதன் தொலைத்தொடர்பு பிணையம் தென்கிழக்கு ஆசியாவில் சிங்கப்பூருக்கு அடுத்த நிலையில் உள்ளது.

A dual highway with greenery on either the north-north line, the development of Malaysia reflects a very advanced one in the Asian countries. With 4.7 million stages of local telephone connections and 30 million stages of local telephone connections, this telecommunications network is next to Singapore in Southeast Asia.

A dual highway with greenery on either the north-north line, the development of Malaysia reflects a very advanced one in the Asian countries.

With 4.7 million stages of local telephone connections and 30 million stages of local telephone connections, this telecommunications network is next to Singapore in Southeast Asia.

In Malawi, the telescopes are placed; in them the telescopes are placed.

The day of the day is the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day.

மலேசியாவில் தொலைவிற்கு சாலைகள் இடப்பட்டுள்ளன; இவற்றில் தொலைவு விரைவுச் சாலைகளாகும். நாட்டின் மிக நீண்ட நெடுஞ்சாலையாக விளங்கும் வடக்கு-தெற்கு விரைவுச்சாலை, தாய்லாந்தின் எல்லை முதல் சிங்கப்பூர் வரை தொலைவுக்கு அமைக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது.

மலேசியாவில் தொலைவிற்கு சாலைகள் இடப்பட்டுள்ளன; இவற்றில் தொலைவு விரைவுச் சாலைகளாகும்.

நாட்டின் மிக நீண்ட நெடுஞ்சாலையாக விளங்கும் வடக்கு-தெற்கு விரைவுச்சாலை, தாய்லாந்தின் எல்லை முதல் சிங்கப்பூர் வரை தொலைவுக்கு அமைக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது.

In Malawi, the telescopes are placed; in them the telescopes are placed. The day of the day is the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day.

In Malawi, the telescopes are placed; in them the telescopes are placed.

The day of the day is the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day of the day.

The public service is opened;

He serves the telephone.

Some of the cities, such as Colombo, have been established to move towards the lowest costly height in the county.

தொடர்வண்டிச்

அரசுமயமாக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது

"கோலாலம்பூர்

ஒப்புநோக்கில்

போக்குவரத்து

நிறுவப்பட்டுள்ளது

Malaysia, Singapore & Brunei
Experience the jungle-frontier excitement of Malaysia n Borneo or the sleek sophistication of Kuala Lumpur, sip gin slings amid colonial grandeur in Singapore or hot tea at a hill station in the Cameron Highlands, watch light playing on the domes of a stunning mosque in Brunei or the sun rippling on the water at Pulau Perhentian - this comprehensive guide covers all this and much more. Discover the outdoors : with our coverage of trekking the magnificent Taman Negara, climbing the majestic Mt Kinabalu or rafting the mighty Batang Rejang. Slurp noodles : at bustling Penang hawker stalls or brightly lit night markets in Singapore using our authoritative Food & Drink chapter. Get around : with our 122 detailed maps - including customised itineraries and walking tour maps. Get the background : on the region's environmental, political and economic issues using our expert chapters. Talk the talk : with the help of our Malay language chapter.
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Question: what does he serve

The public service is opened;

He serves the telephone.

Some of the cities, such as Colombo, have been established to move towards the lowest costly height in the county.

Question: what is the lowest costly city in the county

"கோலாலம்பூர்

The public service is opened;

He serves the telephone.

what is the lowest costly city in the county

Question: what is opened

தொடர்வண்டிச் சேவைகள்

The public service is opened;

He serves the telephone.

Question: who serves the telephone in colombo

தொடர்வண்டிச்

The public service is opened;

He serves the telephone.

Question: what does he serve the telephone

தொடர்வண்டிச் சேவைகள்

The public service is opened;

He serves the telephone.

Question: what happens to the public service

தொடர்வண்டிச் சேவைகள் அரசுமயமாக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது

The public service is opened;

He serves the telephone.

Question: what is colombo moving towards

குறைந்த செலவான உயரத்தில்

The public service is opened;

He serves the telephone.

Some of the cities , such as Colombo , have been established to move towards the lowest costly height in the county .

தொடர்வண்டிச் சேவைகள் அரசுமயமாக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது; தொலைவிற்கு சேவை அளிக்கின்றன. கோலாலம்பூர் போன்ற சில நகரங்களில் ஒப்புநோக்கில் குறைந்த செலவான உயரத்தில் செல்லும் இலகு தொடருந்து போக்குவரத்து அமைப்பு நிறுவப்பட்டுள்ளது.

தொடர்வண்டிச் சேவைகள் அரசுமயமாக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது;

தொலைவிற்கு சேவை அளிக்கின்றன.

கோலாலம்பூர் போன்ற சில நகரங்களில் ஒப்புநோக்கில் குறைந்த செலவான உயரத்தில் செல்லும் இலகு தொடருந்து போக்குவரத்து அமைப்பு நிறுவப்பட்டுள்ளது.

The public service is opened; He serves the telephone. Some of the cities, such as Colombo, have been established to move towards the lowest costly height in the county.

Some of the cities, such as Colombo, have been established to move towards the lowest costly height in the county.

In fact, Malesia's grace is produced by the Pope and the spirit of faith.

Question: who produces malesia's grace

In fact, Malesia's grace is produced by the Pope and the spirit of faith.

Question: what is Malesia's grace produced by

Question: what is produced by the pope and the spirit of faith

what is produced by the pope and the spirit of faith

In fact , Malesia 's grace is produced by the Pope and the spirit of faith .

வழமையாக, மலேசியாவின் ஆற்றல் உற்பத்தி பாறைஎண்ணெய் மற்றும் இயற்கை எரிவாயுவை நம்பியே உள்ளது.

வழமையாக, மலேசியாவின் ஆற்றல் உற்பத்தி பாறைஎண்ணெய் மற்றும் இயற்கை எரிவாயுவை நம்பியே உள்ளது.

In fact, Malesia's grace is produced by the Pope and the spirit of faith.

In fact, Malesia's grace is produced by the Pope and the spirit of faith.

The day's min production capacity is 13 GW.

Question: what is the min production capacity of malesia

The day's min production capacity is 13 GW.

what is the min production capacity of malesia

The day 's min production capacity is 13 GW .

வழமையாக, மலேசியாவின் ஆற்றல் உற்பத்தி பாறைஎண்ணெய் மற்றும் இயற்கை எரிவாயுவை நம்பியே உள்ளது. நாட்டின் மின் உற்பத்தித் திறன் 13 GW ஆக உள்ளது.

நாட்டின் மின் உற்பத்தித் திறன் 13 GW ஆக உள்ளது.

In fact, Malesia's grace is produced by the Pope and the spirit of faith. The day's min production capacity is 13 GW.

The day's min production capacity is 13 GW.

The government is going to be using the roofs.

Question: who is using the roofs

The government is going to be using the roofs.

Question: what is the government going to use

Question: what did the government decide to do

The government is going to be using the roofs

வளங்களைப் பயன்படுத்த அரசு முயன்று வருகிறது

The government is going to be using the roofs

Question: what is the government going to do

The government is going to be using the roofs .

ஆற்றல் வளங்களைப் பயன்படுத்த அரசு முயன்று வருகிறது.

ஆற்றல் வளங்களைப் பயன்படுத்த அரசு முயன்று வருகிறது.

The government is going to be using the roofs.

The government is going to be using the roofs.