right|thumb|Édouard Laguesse
Gustave-Édouard Laguesse (23 April 1861 – 6 November 1927) was a French pathologist and histologist born in Dijon.

In 1885 he received his medical doctorate in Paris and from 1891 performed scientific research in Lille. In 1896 he became a professor of histology. Patrimoine Hospitalier Dunord

Laguesse is remembered for his histopathological work involving the pancreas. In 1893 he named the small cellular clusters of the pancreas the "Islets of Langerhans", in honor of their discoverer Paul Langerhans (1847-1888). At the time of its discovery, Langerhans provided an excellent description of the structures, but offered no further conclusions as to their function.Langerhans, Paul @ NDB/ADB Deutsche Biographie Laguesse postulated that the Islets of Langerhans produced secretions that played a regulatory role in digestion. Laguesse's research was considered a major step on the path of discovery of a new hormone in the early days of endocrinology.

 Written works
 Le grain de sécrétion interne dans le pancréas (1899)
 Sur la variabilité du tissu endocrine dans la pancréas (1899)
 Substance amorphe et lamelles du tissu conjonctif lâche (1904)

 References

 Biography of Édouard Laguesse
 Open Library (list of publications)

Category:French pathologists
Category:1861 births
Category:1927 deaths
Category:People from Dijon
Category:French histologists

Laguesse is remembered for his histopathological work involving the pancreas .

In 1893 he named the small cellular clusters of the pancreas the " Islets of Langerhans " , in honor of their discoverer Paul Langerhans ( 1847 - 1888 ) .

Langerhans, Paul
Langerhans, Paul
Pathologe, * 25.7.1847 Berlin, † 20.7.1888 Funchal (Madeira). (evangelisch)
Langerhans, Paul
- Lebensdaten
- 1847 – 1888
- Geburtsort
- Berlin
- Sterbeort
- Funchal (Madeira)
- Beruf/Funktion
- Pathologe ; Arzt
- Konfession
- evangelisch
- Normdaten
- GND: 118847031 | OGND | VIAF: 8184866
- Namensvarianten
- Langerhans, Paul
- Langerhans, Paul, jun.
-
Quellen(nachweise)
Literatur(nachweise)
- * NDB/ADB-Register [1912-]
- Gemeinsamer Verbundkatalog (GVK) des Gemeinsamen Bibliotheksverbundes (GBV) : 2
- Isis Bibliography of the History of Science [1975-]
- * Literaturnachweis in der Neuen Deutschen Biographie (NDB)
- * Werknachweis in der Neuen Deutschen Biographie (NDB)
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Genealogie
V →Paul (1820–1909), Dr. med., Arzt in B., seit 1875 Stadtverordneter, 1893-1907 Stadtverordnetenvorsteher, 1875-1904 Mitgl. d. preuß. Abgeordnetenhauses u. 1881-1903 d. Reichstags (freisinnig), S d. →Friedrich Wilhelm († 1851), Stadt- u. Oberbaurat in B., u. d. Catharine Wilhelmine Treuer;
M Anna Luise Caroline (1824–53), T d. →Wilhelm Keibel (1792–1860), Kaufm. (Tuch- u. Seidenhandel) u. Stadtältester in B., u. d. Auguste Caplick;
Halb-B →Robert (1859–1904), 1885-94 Assistent Virchows, Prof. d. Pathol. (s. BJ IX; Fischer);
- ⚭ Berlin 1885 Margarete verwitwet Ebart (1852–1933), Tochter d. Rittergutsbes. Gustav Jordan in Kuhhorst (Osthavelland) u. d. Elisabeth de Cuvry; kinderlos.
Biographische Darstellung
L. studierte 1865/66 in Jena und seit 1867 in Berlin Medizin (Dr. med. 1869, Staatsexamen 1870). Mit dem Geographen H. Kiepert unternahm er eine Studienreise nach Ägypten, Syrien und ins Jordangebiet. Im Deutsch-Franz.Französisch Krieg trat er als Arzt in die Armee ein. Dann war er als Assistent in Leipzig und als Prosektor in Freiburg tätig, wo er 1871 für Pathologische Anatomie habilitiert und 1874 zum ao. Professor ernannt wurde. In diesem Jahr erkrankte er an Tuberkulose und suchte zuerst Heilung in Silvaplana (Schweiz), dann auf Capri, nachdem er von Nov. 1874 bis Mai 1875 an der Zoologischen Station in Neapel unter →Anton Dohrn gearbeitet hatte. Nach einem Kuraufenthalt in|Badenweiler entschloß er sich im Herbst 1875 nach Madeira umzusiedeln, wo er nach einiger Zeit in Funchal als praktischer Arzt tätig wurde. Dort hat er eine Reihe von interessanten topographischen und zoologischen Arbeiten verfaßt, die zum Teil von seinem Doktorvater Rudolf Virchow in der Preuß. Akademie der Wissenschaften vorgetragen wurden. L.s besonderes Interesse galt der örtlichen Wurmfauna. Er schrieb außerdem ein vielbenutztes „Handbuch für Madeira“ (1885), worin er vor allem über die klimatische Situation und die Heilungsmöglichkeiten für Tuberkulöse berichtete.
Virchow hatte den Sohn seines Parteifreundes mit einer Dissertation „Beiträge zur mikroskopischen Anatomie der Bauchspeicheldrüse“ betraut, die, nur 32 Seiten umfassend, 1869 erschienen war, und in der L. neun verschiedene Zellgruppen im Pankreas beschrieben hatte. Die letzten beiden waren bisher noch nicht bekannt, und eine Gruppe, die anatomisch besonders auffiel, erhielt 1893 von Edouard Laguesse den Namen „Ilots de Langerhans“. L.s anatomische Beschreibung war zwar ausgezeichnet, aber er zog noch keine weiteren Folgerungen über die Funktion dieser Zellgruppen. Das gelang erst nach L.s Tod Laguesse, der ihre innere Sekretion vermutete, die im übrigen für das Pankreas bereits Virchow 1854 postuliert hatte. Noch bevor das Insulin 1921 von Frederick Banting und Charles Best isoliert werden konnte, nannte 1909 Jean de Meyer die noch hypothetische Wirksubstanz Insulin.
L.s weitere Arbeiten in Deutschland waren vor allem pathologischen Fragen gewidmet. Seine Habilitationsschrift galt der Anatomie der sympathischen Ganglienzellen (1871), weitere Beiträge der vergleichenden Pathologie und Anatomie sowie der Ethnologie. Einige medizinische Abhandlungen verfaßte L. über die Leprosenbehandlung und die Ätiologie der Phthisis, wobei er sich als Anhänger der Virchowschen Organlehre erwies und der 1882 erfolgten Entdeckung des Tuberkulosebazillus durch Robert Koch als ätiologischem Agens relativ reserviert gegenüberstand. Neben der Erstbeschreibung der nach ihm benannten Zellenhaufen hat L. besondere Verdienste um das Studium der im Organismus gespeicherten Fremdstoffe: Er entdeckte mit seinem Freund Friedrich Hoffmann (1843–1924) mit Hilfe von Zinnober die Speicherung in weißen Blutzellen, im Knochenmark und im Kapillarsystem. Sie wurden damit Vorläufer bei der Entdeckung des retikulo-endothelialen Systems. Seit 1873 studierte L. die Struktur der Haut und fand dabei eine nach ihm benannte „Langerhanssche Granulosaschicht“ (Stratum granulosum).
Werke
Weitere W u. a. Über d. Nerven d. menschl. Haut, in: Archiv f. patholog. Anatomie 44, 1868, S. 325-37;
Zur patholog. Anatomie d. Tastkörper, ebd. 45, 1869, S. 413-17;
Über d. Verbleib d. in d. Circulation eingeführten Zinnobers, ebd. 48, 1869, S. 303-25;
Zur Histol. d. Herzens, ebd. 58, 1873, S. 65-83;
Über mehrschichtige Epithelien, ebd., S. 83-92;
Über d. accessor. Drüsen d. Geschlechtsorgane, ebd. 61, 1874, S. 208-28;
Zur Ätiol. d. Phthise, ebd. 97, 1884, S. 289-306;
Über Tastkörperchen u. Rete Malpighi, in: Archiv f. mikroskop. Anatomie 9, 1873, S. 730-44;
Zur Anatomie d. Amphioxus lanceolatus, ebd. 12, 1876, S. 290-348;
Zur Entwicklung d. Gastropoda opisthobranchia, in: Zs. f. wiss. Zool. 23, 1873, S. 171-79;
Die Wurmfauna v. Madeira, ebd. 32, 1879, S. 513-92;
Über Madeiras Appendicularien, ebd. 34, 1880, S. 145.
Literatur
ADB 51;
K. Bardeleben, in: Anatom. Anz. 3, 1888, S. 850 f. (W);
M. Morrison, Contributions to the microscopic anatomy of the pancreas by P. L., in: Bull, of the Inst. of the Hist. of Medicine 5, 1937, S. 259-97 (P);
G. Wolff, Btrr. berühmter Studenten z. Erforschung d. Zucker-stoffwechsels, in: Münchener Med. Wschr. 102, 1960, S. 1203-08;
W. R. Campbell, in: Canadian Medical Association Journal 79, 1958, S. 855 f.;
L. Giacometti u. M. Barss, in: Archives of Dermatol. (USA) 100, 1969, S. 770-72;
W. Kloppe, P. L. u. s. Berliner Diss. (1869), in: Dt. Med. Journal 20, 1969, S. 581-83;
H. Voß, 100 J. L.sche Inseln, in: Anatom. Anz. 125, 1969, S. 333-35;
V. Becker, P. L., 100 J. nach s. Doktorarbeit, in: Dt. Med. Wschr. 95, 1970, S. 358-62;
G. Wolff u. H. Schadewaldt, 1877-1977 Biogr. Adnota zu P. L., in: Med. Welt 28 (NF), 1977, S. 1-7 u. 91-96;
G. Wolff, in: Kassenarzt 18, 1978, S. 5199-5216;
Fischer;
Dict. Scient. Biogr. VIII, 1974.
Autor/inHans Schadewaldt
Zitierweise
Schadewaldt, Hans, "Langerhans, Paul" in: Neue Deutsche Biographie 13 (1982), S. 593-594 [Online-Version]; URL: https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118847031.html#ndbcontent
Biographische Darstellung
Langerhans: Paul L., Arzt, als Sohn des gleichnamigen Arztes zu Berlin 1849 geboren, studirte daselbst, hauptsächlich als Schüler Virchow's, und veröffentlichte schon als Student eine Abhandlung „Ueber die Nerven der menschlichen Haut“ (1868). 1869 promovirte er in Berlin mit der Dissertation „Ueber den feineren Bau der Bauchspeicheldrüse“, widmete sich dann dem Specialstudium der pathologischen Anatomie, bereiste zusammen mit Heinr. Kiepert Syrien und Palästina, wobei er besonders der Lepra und kraniometrischen bezw. anthropologisch-ethnographischen Studien sich widmete. 1871 wurde er pathologischer Prosector in Freiburg i. Br., habilitirte sich daselbst für|pathologische Anatomie, siedelte jedoch bereits 1875 aus Gesundheitsrücksichten nach Madeira über, wo er am 20. Juli 1888 auf Funchal verstarb. Außer den genannten Arbeiten publicirte L. als Habilitationsschrift die Abhandlung „Ueber den Bau der sympathischen Ganglienzellen“ und dann eine Reihe von Schriften über Klima und Curgebrauch in Madeira, Studien über Schwindsucht und Lepra, histologische Untersuchungen über das Herz, die Haut, den Bau der Knochen und embryologische Arbeiten.
Literatur
Vgl. Pagel's Biogr. Lex. S. 958.
Autor/inPagel.
Zitierweise
Pagel, Julius Leopold, "Langerhans, Paul" in: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie 51 (1906), S. 588-589 [Online-Version]; URL: https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118847031.html#adbcontent

Question: who is the islets of langerhans named after

Answer: Paul Langerhans

Question: when did  laguesse name the small cellular clusters of the pancreas the

Answer: 1893

Question: laguesse is best remembered for histopathological work involving which organ

Answer: pancreas

Question: what did  laguesse name the small cellular clusters of the pancreas

Answer: Islets of Langerhans

Question: what was paul langerhans' life span

Answer: 1847-1888

Question: who named the small cellular clusters of the pancreas the islets of langer

Answer: Laguesse


United Nations Security Council Resolution 1974, adopted unanimously on March 22, 2011, after recalling previous resolutions on Afghanistan, in particular 1917 (2010), the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA) for a period of one year until March 23, 2012.

The adoption of the resolution came as Afghan President Hamid Karzai announced that seven locations in Afghanistan would be transferred from coalition to Afghan control.

Observations
The Council recognised that there was no purely military solution to the situation in Afghanistan and reiterated its support to the Afghan people in rebuilding their country. Support was given to the Kabul International Conference held on July 22, 2010. It was stressed that the central role of the United Nations in Afghanistan was promoting peace and stability by leading the efforts of the international community. The Council also welcomed the continued commitment of the international community to support the stability and development of the country, particularly those that were increasing civilian and humanitarian efforts to assist the Government of Afghanistan and its people.

The resolution welcomed an agreement between the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) and the Afghan government to transfer lead security responsibilities to the Afghan security forces by the end of 2014. The Council also recognised the interconnected nature of the challenges in Afghanistan with regards to progress on security, governance, human rights, the rule of law and development, as well as the issues of anti‑corruption, counter-narcotics and transparency. The need for greater co-operation between United Nations and international agencies was noted.

Also important to the Council was the humanitarian situation in the country and the delivery and co-ordination of humanitarian assistance, while all attacks against humanitarian workers were condemned. Concern was expressed at the security situation in the country in particular the increased violent and terrorist activities by the Taliban, Al-Qaeda, illegally armed groups, criminals and those involved in the narcotics trade.

Acts
UNAMA's mandate, as set out in resolutions 1662 (2006), 1746 (2007), 1806 (2008), 1868 (2009) and 1917 was extended until March 23, 2012. It was also guided by the principle of reinforcing Afghan ownership with a particular focus on:

(a) promoting more coherent international support for the Government's development and governance priorities;
(b) strengthening co-operation with international security forces as recommended in a report by the Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon;
(c) providing political outreach and good offices to support the implementation of the Afghan-led reconciliation and reintegration programmes;
(d) supporting as well as taking into account progress on electoral reform;
(e) working in co-operation with the Special Representative of the Secretary-General in a variety of areas.

It also stressed the importance of strengthening and expanding the presence of UNAMA and other United Nations entities, and encouraged the Secretary-General to continue his current efforts to take measures to address the security issues associated with such strengthening and expansion. The Council also addressed tackling opium production, respect for human rights, protection of humanitarian workers, demining, regional co-operation, refugees and enhancing the capabilities of the Afghan National Police and Afghan National Army.  It also condemned terrorist activities and attacks on humanitarian workers, and welcomed efforts to improve the security situation.

A comprehensive review of United Nations support was to take place at the end of 2011.

 See also
 List of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1901 to 2000 (2009–2011)
 Timeline of the War in Afghanistan (2001–present)
 War in Afghanistan (2001–present)

 References

 External links

Text of the Resolution at undocs.org

 1974
Category:2011 in Afghanistan
Category:War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)
 1974
Category:March 2011 events

The adoption of the resolution came as Afghan President Hamid Karzai announced that seven locations in Afghanistan would be transferred from coalition to Afghan control .

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Question: who is the president of afghanistan

Answer: Hamid Karzai

Question: how many locations did karzai say would be transferred to afghanistan

Answer: seven

Question: who was the president when the resolution was adopted

Answer: President Hamid Karzai

Question: what country did karzai lead

Answer: Afghan

Question: where were seven locations in afghanistan transferred from

Answer: coalition to Afghan control

Question: where were seven locations in afghanistan transferred to

Answer: Afghan control

Also important to the Council was the humanitarian situation in the country and the delivery and co - ordination of humanitarian assistance , while all attacks against humanitarian workers were condemned .

Concern was expressed at the security situation in the country in particular the increased violent and terrorist activities by the Taliban , Al - Qaeda , illegally armed groups , criminals and those involved in the narcotics trade .

UN Security Council extends mandate of UN mission in Afghanistan
08:34, March 23, 2011
Email | Print | Subscribe | Comments | Forum
The 15-member Council passed Resolution 1974, which expressed concern over the security situation in Afghanistan including "the ongoing violence and terrorist activities by the Taliban, Al-Qaida, " and other violent extremist groups.
The resolution also cited concern over "the capacity of the Afghan government to guarantee the rule of law, to provide security and basic services to the Afghan people, and to ensure the improvement and protection of their human rights and fundamental freedoms."
The UNAMA is an integrated mission, focused on supporting political affairs, and development and humanitarian issues in Afghanistan. The mission currently has around 1,500 staff members in the country -- 80 percent of whom are Afghan nationals.
Meanwhile, the resolution requests that UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon report to the Security Council every three months on developments in Afghanistan, including the conduct of a comprehensive review of UNAMA's activities throughout the country.
Source: Xinhua
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Question: what was important to the council in regards to the situation in the country

Answer: humanitarian situation

Question: what were the taliban, al-qaeda, and criminals involved in

Answer: narcotics trade

Question: what was important to the council

Answer: humanitarian situation in the country

Question: what was condemned by the council

Answer: all attacks against humanitarian workers

Question: attacks against whom were condemned by the council

Answer: humanitarian workers

Question: what did the council support the delivery and co-ordination of

Answer: humanitarian assistance


Patrice Clerc (born 12 May 1949, in Neuilly-sur-Seine) is a past president of the Amaury Sport Organisation which promotes a number of professional cycling events including the Tour de France. Previously, Clerc served as president and tournament director of the French Open (Roland Garros) tennis tournament from 1984-2000. On September 9, 2009, he was appointed to the supervisory board of the Paris Saint-Germain.

References

Category:1949 births
Category:Living people
Category:People from Neuilly-sur-Seine
Category:Sportspeople from Hauts-de-Seine

Previously , Clerc served as president and tournament director of the French Open ( Roland Garros ) tennis tournament from 1984 - 2000 .

On September 9 , 2009 , he was appointed to the supervisory board of the Paris Saint - Germain .

Changes for the Tour de France? French press reports today that Patrice Clerc has been removed from his post as director of the ASO, which, as we all know, organizes the Tour de France. Jean-Etienne Amaury will replace Clerc.
The news comes after speculation abounded in recent weeks over changes at the ASO, with some observers suggesting that Marie-Odile Amaury, who heads Éditions Amaury, was unhappy with the direction the ASO was heading, especially in relations with the UCI, with whom the ASO has fought a protracted war over cycling's future. Some observers worry that the replacement of Clerc may spell an end to the hard-line the ASO has taken against doping in the Tour de France. The ASO also organizes other events, including the Dakar Rally. In addition to the ASO, Éditions Amaury, which ranks as one of the largest companies in France, owns the sports daily, L'Équipe.
That the new head of the ASO intends to make nice with the UCI appeared confirmed by his public statement today. Said Amaury, "I take on these responsibilities to show to all the importance that the Groupe Amaury gives to its relations with the world of sport, and in particular with the cycling family, with whom, after a grave conflict, hopes for a harmonious peace are emerging." Yann Le Moenner, currently in charge of the department of marketing, media, and law at the ASO, will serve as assistant to Amaury.
Source: l'equipe.fr.

Question: when was clerc appointed to the supervisory board of the paris saint-ger

Answer: September 9, 2009

Question: where was clerc appointed to the supervisory board in 2009

Answer: Paris Saint-Germain

Question: when did clerc serve as president and tournament director of the french open

Answer: 1984-2000

Question: roland garros is the name of which tennis tournament

Answer: French Open

Question: who was the president and tournament director of the french open from 1984-2000

Answer: Clerc

Question: what was clerc's previous job at roland garros

Answer: president and tournament director

Question: in what year was clerc appointed to the supervisory board of paris saint-

Answer: 2009

Question: what is the name of the french open tennis tournament

Answer: Roland Garros