thumb|John Albro (1764-1839)
John Albro (May 6, 1764 – October 23, 1839) was a merchant and political figure in Nova Scotia. He represented Halifax Township in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1818 to 1826.  He was also a Lieutenant-Colonel of the 4th Regiment of Halifax militia.

He was born in Newport Township, Nova Scotia, the son of Samuel Albro and Jane Cole, who had come from Rhode Island.  He was buried in the Old Burying Ground (Halifax, Nova Scotia).

Background
Albro operated a tannery in Halifax, later operating as a butcher and then a hardware merchant. In 1793, he married Elizabeth Margaret Vandergrift. He married Elizabeth Margaret Dupuy in 1803. He helped establish the Fire Insurance Association of Halifax in 1809. Albro was a grand master in the freemasons. He also served as a road commissioner and fire warden for Halifax and reached the rank of lieutenant-colonel in the local militia.  He was a member of the Charitable Irish Society of Halifax. He was defeated in a bid for re-election to the House of Assembly in 1826. Albro died in Halifax at the age of 75.

Ancestry

Albro is a descendant of early Rhode Island settlers John Albro and Samuel Wilbore, as well as Wilbore's son, Samuel Wilbur, Jr.  He also descends from the first Innkeeper of Boston, Massachusetts, Samuel Cole, and from Indian captive Susanna (Hutchinson) Cole, her father, Rhode Island magistrate William Hutchinson, and his famous wife, the religious heretic, Anne Hutchinson.

 Legacy
 He was a grand master in the freemasons and the John Albro Lodge is named after him
 Albro Lake and the nearby neighbourhood with the same name in the community of Dartmouth were named after John Albro.

 External links
Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online

References

Category:1764 births
Category:1839 deaths
Category:Hardware merchants
Category:Nova Scotia pre-Confederation MLAs
Category:18th-century Canadian businesspeople
Category:19th-century Canadian businesspeople

Legacy He was a grand master in the freemasons and the John Albro Lodge is named after him Albro Lake and the nearby neighbourhood with the same name in the community of Dartmouth were named after John Albro .

ALBRO LAKE
INTRODUCTION
Established near Dartmouth, Nova Scotia in 1942, Naval Radio Station (NRS) Albro Lake call sign CFH, served as a naval radio communications station for the Atlantic Coast. The station was divided into a receiving site at Albro Lake and a transmitter site at Newport Corner, Nova Scotia. Set up under a veil of secrecy during the height of the North Atlantic U-boat threat, this small village near Halifax became the home of an invaluable weapon during the Battle of the Atlantic. Despite a price tag of more than $6 million, an exorbitant expense in those days, the facility more than paid for itself in Allied shipping saved. Its signal could be heard and read from Murmansk to the Falklands and half way around the world. Renamed HMC NRS Albro Lake on July 1, 1956, the station served under that name until her closure.
The growth of Dartmouth from a small town into a city created problems for receiving radio signals at Albro Lake. The Navy decided to relocate the radio station and as a result, Albro Lake closed in 1968. A new radio communications station, Canadian Forces Station Mill Cove, was opened 40 miles southwest of Halifax. The cutover occurred from August 31 to September 18, 1967.
HISTORY
During World War I, naval radio had its beginnings in the Halifax area with station VAA, the first of its kind. As best as anyone knows, VAA was a very small station located in a shed at HMC Dockyard and was used mainly to communicate with naval vessels or all ships within the harbour area. It has been confirmed that VAA transmitted weather broadcasts [1].
Between World War I and World War II, the navy simply used the regular Department of Marine and Fisheries coastal stations to communicate with their ships. When war broke out in 1939, the RCN took over the most powerful station in the maritimes which was the Marconi station located at Glace Bay, Nova Scotia. Soon the station found itself rather overloaded with traffic caused by the addition of HMC ships. Glace Bay, call sign VAS, was the most powerful station in eastern Canada at the time and so it continued to serve the Navy throughout the war.
Glace Bay, call sign VAS, was situated on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia. (Map courtesy Multimap.com)
With ever expanding naval activities, steps had to be taken to improve communications and address the every increasing volumes of traffic. To meet the challenge, the Royal Canadian Navy would expand operations by building it's own station at Albro Lake in Halifax. It was to be four times as powerful as the Glace Bay Station and designed to control the North Atlantic convoy routes. Not only was it to be more powerful, it was the first Canadian coastal station to use the high frequency portion of the radio spectrum. Albro Lake would communicate with all ships, both naval and merchant, therefore both naval and civilian operators had to be on staff along with, one Department of Transport operator on each shift and naval radio telegraph operators. The first person sent there to manage the Department Of Transport staff was Charles Williams. Charlie, at the time of this promotion, was senior operator at Camperdown Radio VCS.
The call sign of this new station at Albro Lake was CFH which was passed on from a station opened a few years prior to World War II in the brick building at the foot of North Street in the city of Halifax near the centre gate of HMCS STADACONA. During the war, CFH continually coded its call sign. In a departure from past practice, the new station did not monitor 500 kilohertz International calling frequency so any vessel wanting to communicate with CFH had to use one of the high frequency bands.
Glace Bay was manned by civilian employees at all times and it's main job after Albro Lake went in service was to broadcast the BAMS (British Admiralty Merchant Service) traffic. This was a broadcast for the multitude of merchant ships that were in convoy back and forth across the Atlantic.
Fred Ware, a telegraphist during WWII has these recollections: "During the early stages of construction in the summer of 1941, the Halifax naval authorities asked for volunteers to go to Albro Lake to help fight the forest fires that were threatening the construction area. When we had our 1978 reunion in Halifax-Dartmouth, I was sure surprised to see the station in the middle of the city.
Shown here is the Albro Lake area of Dartmouth, N.S. from a current map (2003). The red dot denotes the location of the CFH Operations Building from 1943 to 1967. Lancaster Drive was the lane to the operations building and it ended right where it touches Golden Acres Park. The construction of subdivisions and surrounding streets started after the navy moved CFH from Albro Lake to Mill Cove in 1967. (Map courtesy MapArt)
POSTWAR NAMING FOR NAVAL RADIO STATIONS
As David Freeman describes in Canadian Warship Names (pages 174-177, and 304) the following was the post war naming policy for Naval Radio Stations."A tender was originally a small vessel employed to attend to a larger vessel for duties such as ferrying personnel and stores, or for training. She was under the direct command of her parent ship but was not to be confused with the ship's boatsshe was too big to hoist in. In later days, shore establishments had small craft attached to them as tenders. Further, some administrative units ashore were referred to as tenders".
A closeup view of the station the way it appeared in the early 1950's. (Photo by (N) F.O.A.C submitted by R.M. Canning)
|Another view of Albro Lake. (DND photo 01_1180x9240)|
This early 1950's aerial view shows the station's location relative to the surrounding countryside. (Photo by (N) F.O.A.C submitted by R.M. Canning)
CFH Albro Lake, taken in 1947. The building was H shaped. In reference to the front door, the dormitory was upstairs, the galley at the back, radio operations were to the left and the officer's office was to the right. The centre of spare-time activity during the colder months was the large recreation room in the basement of the station, where movies and dances were regular features. (Photo by Bob Palmer. Submitted by Spud Roscoe)"Basically, up to 1949, Naval Radio Stations (NRS) were tenders to parent establishments. In the beginning, some of the NRS were relatively small affairs. In December 1947, for example Coverdale, Aldergrove and Albro Lake were commanded by officers; a chief petty officer was in charge in Gloucester; and Montreal Circle in Prince Rupert had an operator-in-charge. As the size of a NRS grew, so too did the administrative problems caused by being a tender. Eventually Naval Service Head Quarters, Ottawa (NSHQ) realized that commissioning naval radio stations was the best solution to problem. With the commissioning of NRS, the cap tally HMC RADIO STATION came into being. Ratings in ALDERGROVE, CHURCHILL, COVERDALE, GLOUCESTER and INUVIK all eventually wore their respective cap tally. Ratings in all other NRS wore the cap tally HMC RADIO STATION."
"By 1955, COVERDALE, GLOUCESTER and ALDERGROVE were in commission as Fleet Establishments while the rest of the NRS were tenders. Albro Lake and Newport Corners were tenders to STADACONA while the rest were tenders to GLOUCESTER. It was at this time that the Director Naval Communications (DN Com) requested that the commissioned NRS be upgraded to HMCS and the tenders be named "HMC NRS". There is no record of a reply and early in 1956, DN Com repeated his request. This led to naval board approval and on July 1 1956, all NRS were redesignated in accordance with the wishes of DN Com"."NRS took their names for the geographical location in which they were located. Generally, these were the names of the closest communities but in the case of ALDERGROVE, there was a suggestion to have her named Vancouver, In the case of GLOUCESTER, there was no local community so she took the name of the township. Taking their names from the local community had a WWII precedent in that the signal school in St. Hyacinthe was called after the town in which it was located"In 1948, HMCS Gloucester was established as the school for Communicator Supplementary and later Radiomen Special training. As the trade names changed, Gloucester also became the training center for all Radio Supplemental types in 1962. This trade along with operator specialties in the RCSIGS and RCAF later evolved into the "Communicator Research, 291" trade. Between 1965 and 1968 all naval radio stations became CFS. (Canadian Forces Station).
"The last NRS was to be named Blandford. This was the replacement for ALBRO LAKE. Under construction when unification occurred, Blandford's name was changed and she was put in service as CFS Mill Cove. A rather striking badge had already been designed for Blandford whose name came from the peninsula since there was no community nearby. Unification of the armed forces had other ramifications on NRS"
THE EXPLOSION OF 1945
The Halifax explosion of July 18, 1945 put Albro Lake off the air but only temporarily. Spud Roscoe of Halifax relates the following story about his friend George who was on duty when it happened.
"Trained Operator Telegraphist George D. Crowell, from Liverpool, Nova Scotia, was working the Atlantic Broadcast at the Albro Lake radio station on the evening shift of July 18th, 1945. Around 18:30 local time there, was a lull in this broadcast and George got up to walk around and chat with any of those on duty who were not busy.
The war in Europe had terminated about eight weeks previous to this and nearly all RCN ships were ordered to the Bedford Basin Naval Powder Ammunition Depot to discharge their ammunition as fast as possible. Some of the ships were to be refitted for the war in the Pacific while the rest were to be laid up. There was political pressure to get these ships unloaded and their crews back home as soon as possible. For this reason, many of the rules and regulations were ignored. As a result, this magazine was literally overloaded with explosives of every kind imaginable. They were piled anywhere and everywhere within the magazine compound.
The ammunition depot was less than three miles west of the Albro Lake station and the station itself was situated on a hill. When George got up, he looked out the window towards the magazine and immediately saw the mushroom cloud from the explosion. What timing! Immediately he yelled "EXPLOSION" and instructed everyone to hit the deck. George dove in under a desk with Janie the dog, the station's mascot. One of the staff, believed to be Quigley, had been on the Murmansk run to Russia, and brought this dog back. They claimed she was a Russian wolfhound but George said she looked like a Staffordshire terrier.
Those in the immediate vicinity of George heeded his warning. When the blast struck the station, it blew in all the windows and also severed the control lines from Albro Lake to the Newport Corner transmitter site. These lines ran past the magazine. Albro Lake had been left with receiving but no transmitting capability.
Below, in the photograph of the Operations Room, one can see a Canadian Marconi CM11 transmitter in the upper left corner and it's believed that this is the same one that was installed in 1945. This radio was designated to communicate with the Newport Corner transmitter site in case of emergency. Lieutenant Dill was in command of the Albro Lake station and was on premises when this explosion took place. He ordered George to contact Newport Corner using this CM11.
George kept calling and calling, but did not make contact with Newport Corner. It was the perception that the duty watch at Newport Corner was not paying attention. They did not hear George call nor did they notice that no one was keying the transmitters.
The rest of the Albro staff were to head to the dormitory on the upper floor of the Operations building, collect their personal effects and prepare to abandon the station. It was late in the evening and quite dark when they boarded an army truck. This truck took them to an army camp past the RCAF station at Eastern Passage. They spent the night in an army hut with no bunks or cots and had to sleep on the floor. Later I asked George what became of Janie the dog and he couldn't remember. He suspects someone located her and took her to the camp. After the explosion, most dogs in this area became very nervous whenever hearing thunder-like sounds.
The precise reason for the explosion has never been officially determined. It is believed that a fire, intentionally started on a barge as personnel prepared their evening meal, ignited the grass and brush around the jetty and spread to the wharf where earlier in the afternoon, a corvette had put all of her ammunition ashore.
Several minutes after the initial explosion, a mushroom cloud forms. (Photo by Hugh LaFleur)
After the explosion, there was an exodus of the population from Halifax, Dartmouth and all around Halifax Harbour and Bedford Basin. Nearly everyone wanted to get as far from this explosion as possible because there were a series a smaller explosions which occurred after the main blast. Most of the population left their doors and windows wide open to prevent further damage from the secondary blasts. For those who opted to stay behind, they left their broadcast radios on full volume. Radio broadcasting normally shut down at night but the local stations were kept on the air all night with their announcers providing the latest bulletins. To their credit, they kept the population informed and did everything possible to prevent further panic.
The magazine continued rumbling from one small explosion after another all night and put on a magnificent display of fire works. Much of the exploding ammunition was tracer bullets, the ones that leave a visual streak. The last large explosion was heard at 03:55 on the morning of July 19th. The police and army continually patrolled the area to assist with the evacuation and to prevent looting. Dartmouth was closed and evacuated west of Ochterloney Street. This included the Albro Lake station that was two miles west of this street in the direction of the magazine. The north end of Halifax was closed and evacuated.
This was the night scene of the explosion. Secondary blasts continued on throughout the night. (Photo by J. Hayward, Halifax)
|18 July,1945 - The building above was moderately damaged. (RCN photo)|
|18 July,1945 - Unexploded shells are in evidence. (RCN photo)|
|Photos via Bob Palmer|
On July 19th, George and several members of the Albro Lake staff were taken to the RCAF Station Gorsebrook on South Street on the south side of Halifax. The air force loaned them a couple of transmitters. Jointly, they managed to set up a temporary radio station for a few days until the control lines could be repaired, the windows replaced and the building at Albro Lake made ready for their return.
The naval damage control party and many volunteers risked their own lives at the magazine and managed to prevent the whole magazine from exploding. If this had taken place the officials were convinced it would have destroyed all of Halifax, Dartmouth, Bedford and everything else within the area. There were a number of injuries but it's hard to believe that only one life was lost. He was a member of the navy that had run down to the fire on the barge when it first started.
By the evening of July 19th, twenty four hours after the initial explosion, the authorities felt that any future explosions would be minor and gave permission for everyone to return to their homes if they had one to return to. The last of the fires at the magazine were extinguished by July 20th. Many homes and places of business in Halifax, Dartmouth and around the area were badly damaged. The government compensated those with damage for their loss and for sometime, any new car in the area was labeled an explosion car.
The 1945 explosion was also reminiscent of the even more powerful one which shook Halifax on Dec 6th 1917 and killed at least 1,600 people. On that day, two ships collided in Halifax Harbour. One was loaded with munitions for the war in Europe. The explosion that resulted from this collision destroyed most of the city of Halifax. The blast was the world's largest man made explosion up until the atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, Japan, in 1945. All explosions were compared in size to the 1917 Halifax explosion for many years thereafter. The preceding fire on these ships had attracted a lot of attention and many were watching the smoke through the windows of their residences. As a result, the explosion shattered these windows blinding those standing behind them. At further distances from ground zero, many were maimed or scarred from the explosion. By 1945, there had also been a couple of incidents where ships loaded with munitions caught fire, and were intentionally sunk in Halifax Harbour to prevent an explosion."
OPERATIONS AT CFH
Trained Operator Telegraphist, George D. Crowell still remembers aspects of WWII operations.
"During WWII, ships wishing to enter the gates at Halifax Harbour, could obtain permission by contacting CFH on 425 kcs (CW) or 1740 kcs ( AM). The only console in the Operations Room that did not use the National RAS receiver (a modified HROjr) was the high speed CW circuit to Whitehall, England. Here diversity reception was used. Three Marconi receivers, under common AVC control pulled in the signal using three terminated rhombic antennas pointed to England. To adjust for propagation conditions, the receive frequency was changed twice daily, once at night and again in the morning".
The operations room Halifax Radio CFH in 1947. Clockwise: Jim McGowan, Shorty Palmerton, Bob Walker, Norm Jermy, Scotty McLaughlan, Chuck Sabean and Ron Dennis. Standing: Petty Officer Jack Carson. A Canadian Marconi CM11 transmitter can be seen in the upper left corner. The operator nearest bottom left of the photo is adjusting a panoramic display. (Photo by Bob Palmer. Submitted by Spud Roscoe)
This picture was taken during day shift, when the radio ops had to don
No 3s ... which approximated a full uniform but no lanyard. Evening and graveyard shifts allowed the real working dress jeans. They were so much more comfortable!
Personnel were issued two 2 full uniforms (possibly three) and two sets of working
dungarees ... two jean trousers, two jean shirts and one jean jacket.
As reported in May 1950 Crowsnest Magazine, the station had 55 staff members. All but six were communications personnel. The others consisted of three radio technicians, two cooks and one storesman.
Rounding out the complement were four civilian operators of the Department of Transport (Radio Division).
They assisted by handling the large amount of commercial traffic going through the station, keeping records,
assessing tolls, and so forth. This traffic included telegrams signalled from ships and distant countries. In this time frame the station was clearing an average of about 12,000 messages per month.
Dennis Stapleton served as an operator at Albro Lake. He provides this comment regarding Morse monitoring while sending. "When I first was drafted to Albro Lake in the mid 50s, we had to work ships without hearing ourselves send. Later on, the Hammarlund SP-600 receivers were modified to monitor Morse code. This must have improved the readability of the signals transmitted to shipborne operators tremendously. Most of us felt we were sending excellent Morse, but when we could actually hear what we were sending, we had a reality check. For me, the big correction was to adjust the height of the key contact for a larger gap. The larger gap slowed down the sending a bit but made for a more defined and readable fist".
In the 1956 time frame, the watch schedule was arranged like this.
About 20 single men lived in quarters on the base, and another 60 in married quarters, or ashore on subsistence allowance. The radio watches were continuous, around the clock and consisted of:
2 days of day watches from 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.
2 days of evening watches from 4:00 p.m. to 12:00 p.m.
2 days of middles watches from 12:00 p.m. to 8:00 a.m.
You then received 48 hours off, before repeating the cycle all over again.
In the Operations room photo, the operator in the lower left corner is using the National RAS receiver which covered from 190 kc to 30 Mc but it may not have gone by that name in RCN service . Originally built for the U.S. Navy between 1939 to the end of WWII , it was a cousin to National's HRO Jr receiver. The RAS did not have the S-meter, crystal filter or band spread features of the HRO. It's IF was also shifted to 175 Kc which allowed it to provide complete coverage of the maritime frequencies between 190 Kc and 550 Kc. For the operator's convenience, the power supply front panel has a center window to view the rectifier tube glow. The assembly consisted of the following components and could be mounted in any sequence:
HRO jr receiver 8.75" (CNA 46080)
Power supply 5.25"
Coil storage container 12"
Speaker cabinet 8.75"
Weighing 90 lbs, it was quite heavy for a receiver in the vacuum tube era. At the right is a photo of the chassis.
[Photos via E-bay]
In 1964, an entry in the Naval General Orders (NGO's) authorized Albro Lake to hold 40 telegraphic typewriters.
Click on any photo to enlarge.
This message was sent on May 9, 1945 from U-858, the first U-boat to surrender on the Western side of the Atlantic. Operator George Crowell received the message but other operators copied along on their own receivers in order to get their name on the message. U-858 surrendered to the Americans and was the first German warship to do so. She was ordered to proceed to Fort Miles, Delaware where she arrived on May 14, 1945. (Courtesy George Crowell) A station-to-lake view. (Photo by (N) F.O.A.C submitted by R.M. Canning) A lake-to-station view. (Photo by (N) F.O.A.C submitted by R.M. Canning) Ship-to-shore double bank bays circa 1950. CW was sent and received from these positions. Compare this to the 1947 photo above. (Photo by (N) F.O.A.C submitted by R.M. Canning)
D.M. Stapleton, a former operator at Albro Lake comments. "The bays, from bottom to top: 6 (empty), 8, 12, 16 and 24 mcs. Note the empty bays on the opposite side of the operating consoles. When traffic got really busy, another op would take up position to help out - "double banking" as it was known. When one or the other was working a vessel on the answering frequency (fixed) he would hold up his arm to indicate he was working a vessel on this frequency before getting the ship operator to shift to a working frequency. When he brought down his arm, his opposite number then would reply to his caller. In the mid 50's, technicians built audio oscillators so the operators could hear themselves sending".
LSRM Dave Steward updates the stateboard in 1961. (Photo by (N) F.O.A.C submitted by R.M. Canning) Teletype room circa 1950. The console in the foreground and the one behind it is fitted with a Model 15 Teletype, paper tape punch and Model 14 T-D (tape reader). Third from foreground is a Model 19. (Photo by (N) F.O.A.C submitted by R.M. Canning) Control panel for the telephone control lines from Albro Lake to Newport Corners in 1945. (Photo submitted by Spud Roscoe) Power house explosion, May 1951. (Photo by (N) F.O.A.C submitted by R.M. Canning) P2CK J.Goodman in main refrigerator circa 1950. (Photo by (N) F.O.A.C submitted by R.M. Canning) A.B. Roberts standing guard duty. (Photo by (N) F.O.A.C submitted by R.M. Canning) Albro Lake basketball team. Any ID's would be appreciated. The station made quite a name for itself in the realm of sports. In spite of the station's comparatively small complement, its softball, hockey and basketball teams established excellent records in the Halifax and Dartmouth leagues. (Photo by (N) F.O.A.C submitted by R.M. Canning) Albro Lake Hockey Team. (year unknown)
Front row (L-R): C2RM Joe Morrow, others unidentified.
Back row (L-R): First 4 unidentified, C1RM Renee Duschene. (Photo by (N) F.O.A.C submitted by R.M. Canning)
Albro Lake Hockey Team - 1960 Interpart Champions. (Photo submitted by Ronald Yaschuk e-mail: ronlynn(at)rogers.com)
Dennis Stapleton was stationed at Albro Lake. He remembers the modifications done to Hammarlund SP600 receivers. "When I worked ship-shore traffic in the 12 Mhz band in 1956, the receiver of choice was the Hammarlund SP-600. These were standard for all Naval comms until superseded by the RACAL RA-17s in the early 1960s. Because of the lousy Morse keying by the Albro ship-shore ops when working ships at sea, the techs made up local (monitor) oscillators for the Hammarlunds so we could hear ourselves sending. We were somewhat shocked, as we all believed each of us had a better fist than the next guy and delivered smooth Morse".
COMMANDING OFFICERS
Jack Arrowsmith, provides some information about the former Commanding Officers. Albro Lake was
tender to her parent establishment of Stadacona, CFB Halifax. The following OIC's served at Albro Lake:
27.12.45 OIC/Albro Lake Radio Stn, Wt/Com Charles Walter FLEMING RCN.
01.02.47 OIC/Albro Lake W/T Stn, Wt/Com Thomas James BAILEY RCN.
18.12.47 OIC/Albro Lake W/T Stn, Wt/Com Charles Walter FLEMING RCN.
07.10.49 OIC/NRS Albro Lake, Lt(C) William Francis POTTER RCN.
09.02.51 OIC/NRS Albro Lake, Lt(C) George Albert HOYTE RCN.
01.08.52 OIC/NRS Albro Lake, Lt(C) Robert "Bob" Michael DUNAR CD, RCN.
04.09.54 OIC NRS Albro Lake, Lt Francis Mirtle SKINNER RCN.
17.09.57 OIC/NRS Albro Lake, LCdr(C) William Charlew WHEELER CD, RCN.
LCdr WHEELER was still the OIC in January 1960. If anyone can help to complete this list, it would be appreciated.
HMC NAVAL RADIO STATION ALBRO LAKE - HERALDRY
BLAZON: Barry wavy of twelve, Argent and Azure , a flag Argent, bordered Azure, on which two ship's masts in saltire proper pennants fling inwards Argent and in the centre over all a torteau from which four lighting flashes pointing outwards, two in vertical position and two horizontal, Gules.
SIGNIFICANCE: This station takes its name from the lakes near which it is located on the northern edge of Dartmouth, N.S. Albro's Big Lake and Albro's Little Lakes are quite small and were named after one of Halifax's early settlers -- John Albro. Members of the Albro family were prominent as merchants, ship's chandlers, iron mongers, tanners, office holders, Justices of the Peace, members of Legislature , etc. The archivist of Halifax, Dr. D.C. Harvey, discovered that Albro and Company hoisted a merchant's private signal flag when entering Halifax Harbour. It is described as having been a white flag with blue border.
In the badge design, the Albro flag of white with a blue border is charged with two ship's masts in reference to the Chandlery business they carried on. The disc and lightning flashes in red are intended to suggest "Radio" or the transmission of messages by that means. The wavy field refers to association with the sea viz the Navy.
Ship's Colours: Blue and White
According to David Freeman, the ALBRO LAKE badge only dates from 1956, the year the naval radio station commissioned as a named ship. Pior to 1956, personnel at the base wore the cap tally "HMCS. Stadacona" instead of "HMC Radio Station" as was the practice at other stations not yet in commission.
FOOTNOTES:
[1] Oral history via Mr. Reay Bridger or Mr. C. R. "Sprack" Spracklin
REFERENCES and CREDITS:
1) Canadian Warship Names. Lt. Cdr David J. Freeman CF (Ret'd) .Vanwell Publishing. St. Catherines, Ont. 2000. ISBN 1-55125-048-9. Selected quotes used with permission of the author.
2) Albro Lake badge graphic courtesy Pat Barnhouse; badge copy courtesy Neil Goodwill <nmgoodwill(at)sympatico.ca.>
3) Spud Roscoe <spudroscoe(at)eastlink.ca>
4) R.M. Canning <Canning.M(at)forces.gc.ca
5) Jack Arrowsmith - deceased.
6) George D. Crowell
7) Hugh LaFleur)
8) J. Hayward, Halifax
9) Bob Palmer
10) Ronald Yaschuk < ronlynn(at)rogers.com>
11) May 1950 Crowsnest Magazine
12) Dennis Stapleton <lor-den(at)cogeco.ca>
13) Ronald Mark <rondmark@shaw.ca>
14) Bob Palmer <bob.palmer(at)rogers.com>
Back to Table of Contents
Apr 4/19

Question: where is the john albro lodge located

Answer: Dartmouth

Question: what lodge is named after albro lake

Answer: John Albro Lodge

Question: what is the name of the lodge in dartmouth named after

Answer: John Albro

Question: john albro was a grand master in what

Answer: freemasons

Question: who was albro a grand master in

Answer: the freemasons

Question: what is the name of the lodge in Dartmouth named after

Answer: John Albro

Question: what was albro's role in the freemasons

Answer: grand master


Gisela Legath from Eberau (1908 – 1973) was a Burgenland woman who saved with the help of her two children Martin Legath and Frieda Legath the life of two Hungarian Jews from the Nazis during World War II by providing a shelter in their barn.

A Jewish Hungarian György Krausz (born 1922, in Szombathely/Hungary; died 2000) was 1945 a prisoner in a German work unit marching form Hungary to the Austrian-Hungary border forced to build the German "Südostwall" near the village Eberau in Burgenland.

Confronted with news of an upcoming march to the Concentration Camp (KZ) Mauthausen, Krausz and his friend Cundra decided to escape into the forest to wait for the advancing Russians. Pursued by German soldiers Krausz and Cundra flew into the near village Eberau. On their way to the village the two escapees met the 14-year-old Martin Legath and his 13-year-old sister Frieda Legath. Their mother Gisela Legath knew that the Jews won't be able to survive without their help. Aware of the big danger Gisela Legath decided to provide shelter.

Krausz and Cundra stayed in Gisela's barn till the Red Army liberated the village.

Gisela Legath received the honorary title "righteous among the Nations" from the Yad Vashem remembrance authority in Jerusalem.By Yad Vashem as "Righteous" honored Austrians. House of Responsibility. Retrieved 26 August 2011.

 Further reading
 Lexikon der Gerechten unter den Völkern: Deutsche und Österreicher. Hrsg. von Israel Gutman et al. Wallstein Verlag, Göttingen 2005,

References

 External links
 Holocaust Memorial Service
 Gisela Legath – her activity to save Jews' lives during the Holocaust, at Yad Vashem website

Category:Hungarian Righteous Among the Nations
Category:Austrian Righteous Among the Nations
Category:People from Güssing District
Category:1908 births
Category:1973 deaths

Gisela Legath received the honorary title " righteous among the Nations " from the Yad Vashem remembrance authority in Jerusalem .

By Yad Vashem as " Righteous " honored Austrians .

House of Responsibility
责任之家
जिम्मेदारी का घर
Casa de la Responsabilidad
Maison de la responsabilité
بيت المسؤولية
বাড়ির দায়িত্ব
Дом Ответственности
Casa da Responsabilidade
Rumah Tanggung Jawab
ایوان کی ذمہ داری
Haus der Verantwortung
責任の家
Nyumba ya Wajibu
Sorumluluk Evi
책임의 집
Nhà trách nhiệm
Casa delle Responsabilità
Omah Tanggung jawab
บ้านแห่งความรับผิดชอบ
Dom Odpowiedzialności
Casa responsabilității
Будинок відповідальності
Huis v. Verantwoordelijkheid
Felelősség Háza
Σπίτι ευθύνης
Dům odpovědnosti
בית האחריות
Дом на отговорността
Kuća odgovornosti
“It is not an appropriate idea to turn the birth house of Adolf Hitler into a police station. It should be a dynamic center where people of divergent views come together to meet and learn about democracy and antisemitism. A House of Responsibility would be very important and valuable from the viewpoint of the Simon Wiesenthal Center.”
Rabbi Abraham Cooper
Associate Dean and
Director of Global Social Action
Simon Wiesenthal Center
The Idea
The House of Responsibility is the idea of establishing an international meeting place and a place of learning with a focus on young people in the house where Adolf Hitler was born. People from all countries, backgrounds, religions and cultures should meet in order to discuss, learn and develop projects revolving around the concept of responsibility relating to the dimensions of past, present and future.
“Act so that the effects of your action are compatible with the permanence of genuine human life.” (Hans Jonas)
“Turning the house where Adolf Hitler was born into a police station seems to be a most inappropriate designation and a very poor and thoughtless choice, especially as the genocidal Nazi regime led by the person born there actually created a police state. I support the alternative idea of establishing a ‘House of Responsibility’ as a place to promote democracy, social justice, cultural diversity, and inclusive society at this place of such great symbolic significance. Like in South Africa, where the notorious Apartheid era Number 4 prison complex was turned into the country’s Constitution Court, the seat of the highest Court in the land, this house should be turned into a space of education, critical thinking and where lessons from the past can be learned. It is a unique opportunity that should not be missed!”
Tali Nates
Founder and Director Johannesburg Holocaust & Genocide Centre
What Can You Do?
You can become a supporting individual, a HRB-Fellow or a partnering organization. As a supporting individual we may post your support and invite you to suitable events. As an HRB-Fellow you will come and join our program for an extended time-period. As a partnering organization you may send us HRB-Fellows and develop programs co-jointly.
Let us know how you would like to cooperate.
Our Progress
What Our Supporters Say
„It is important to me that in a place like Hitler’s birth house in Braunau the basic principles of any democratic state, freedom, human rights and the rule of law are made a subject for discussion with young people and that is also clearly shown to the public. Thereby the devastating ideology of National Socialism will be countered with those fundamental values that we profess today and that we must that practice actively in our lives so that such inhumane ideologies can never make room again. At the same time, it shows to the young the only viable way of dealing with their own history, even if it is painful: the path of active reflection and analysis as well as the conclusions for our democracy today. This should happen in Braunau so that it can never be used again by deniers of history as a meeting place and anchor point because this will be the very site where critical young people come together who later and in other places stand up for the principles of freedom, human rights and rule of law use.“
“The initiative to establish a House of Responsibility in the “Hitler House” in Braunau am Inn represents, in my view, a meaningful signal that Austria is dealing honestly with its past and is aware of the resulting responsibility for the future.”
“I support the House of Responsibility with great enthusiasm. In my opinion, this is an immensely important project to promote a constructive approach to the person of Adolf Hitler in Austria and to take a big step forward in the process of coming to terms with the past, which is still not over. Demolition is not a solution, because demolition means displacement. The house could become an interactive democracy and education center that focuses on working with children. Adolf Hitler’s birthplace represents the dark past and children represent the future of Austria. Thus, in addition to a permanent exhibition, an annual international children’s symposium could be organized. A kind of “mini-Alpbach”, in which Braunau am Inn would be the focus of the symposium for an entire week, and the citizens of Braunau would participate in the congress events and the tourism of the town would profit. The program should be developed by Austrian schools in the context of student projects and enriched with international contributions.”
“We understand that the project has engendered some controversy in Braunau am Inn, based on the natural, healthy reaction to reject anything that would relate oneself to Hitler. However, the residents of Braunau am Inn have no less responsibility than other Austrian citizens in terms of remembrance, commitment to preserve and protect human rights, and to combat bigotry. Hosting a “House of Responsibility” would not be a stigma on Braunau am Inn, but a means fo fulfilling their responsibility.”
“I may join the critics and I also think that the planned redesign of Hitler’s birthplace and the related plans cannot be the right way. This so-called “neutralization” means repression instead of dealing with the facts. I see it this way and agree with Willi Mernyi when he says that “one apparently wants to make the world forget that the worst mass murderer in history was born in Braunau. This approach is wrong in terms of content and will not work in this way. One must stand by what was.”
With a “neutralization” what happened – history – cannot be erased or just “neutralized”. Nor should history be made invisible. We bear responsibility and must strive to make history visible.
I believe that culture of remembrance for those of us born later can only work with efforts like yours!”
„I gladly support your initiative to transform Adolf Hitler’s birth house into a House of Responsibility. It can contribute to a sincere confrontation with the past, which is a prerequisite to learning from the past, for the future.“
“Of course I would have nothing, but nothing at all, against turning the house where Adolf Hitler was born into a house of responsibility.
Another possibility would be to simply demolish the house. This is what has happened with certain Nazi buildings in Germany, so that they do not become a place of pilgrimage for neo-Nazis.
Another possibility would be to do the opposite. For example, the house could be donated to the Jewish community or to an association dedicated to the persecuted of the Nazi regime as a whole, i.e., in addition to Jews, also to Sinti and Roma, homosexuals, people with disabilities, and the multitude of politically persecuted and executed persons.
If the house remains, it must definitely be used to represent the opposite of Hitler.”
“I support the plan for the House of Responsibility, as it will give young people the opportunity to explore ways that as global citizens they can combat hate and antisemitism. This project is not to memorialise the role of Adolf Hitler but to say that we can find something good from the darkness of the 1930s and 1940s that together we can remember, educate and act in the face of evil and do good for the world.”
“The history of Hitler’s past and his policies of that time can be read in books and journals around the world. However, the origin of this history should not be ignored. It is the responsibility of every developed society to take responsibility for the past. In my opinion, the best starting point to take responsibility is Braunau, because that is where history begins. Consequently, I support the House of Responsibility.”
“What an excellent way to demonstrate to the world the power of redemption, forgiveness and that love overcomes hate in the end. Forgiveness does not mean forgetting, only putting that memory to better use and to never let the mistakes of the past happen again. I would be happy to help however I can, to make this possible.”
“I am happy to support your proposal to establish a House of Responsibility in Hitler’s Braunau birthplace. It is high time that Austria admits its responsibility in the crimes of the Third Reich. Of course, our country is not to blame for the fact that Adolf Hitler happened to be born on the right side of the Inn River. However, the Austrians enthusiastically welcomed the Führer at the so-called Anschluss and were ready to follow him for years. A House of Responsibility in Braunau can help to prevent the same thing from happening again here or elsewhere. And it can keep alive the memory of those Austrians who had the courage to resist.”
“First of all, I would like to thank you very much for your incredibly important work. Especially in times when hatred and agitation are spreading more and more again, a dedicated remembrance work is indispensable. It is of great importance for all of us to keep alive the memory of the terrible time of the Nazi dictatorship and its victims. Never again to allow the unimaginable horror of the Holocaust and the inhuman ideology of the National Socialists is an everlasting obligation for every democrat. This also includes the preservation of sites of remembrance and enlightenment. Only if we show the following generations which inhuman ideology was spread by persons like Adolf Hitler, we have a chance to stop their resurgence. In doing so, however, we must succeed in ensuring that these sites do not become places of pilgrimage for the deluded followers of this horrific ideology. The approach you have mentioned of turning the building into a “house of responsibility” seems to me to be very suitable in this respect. If I can give you political support in this, please let me know.”
“We understand very well that what initially may appear as stigma is, in fact, the enormous potential for educating present and future generations about the dangers of xenophobia and other types of prejudice. We hope that this ambitious project will become a reality, for the benefit of both Austrian and international visitors to the site.”
“We are writing to support the establishment of a “House of Responsibility” in the house where Adolf Hitler was born in Braunau im Inn. The European Roma Rights Centre has been a committed participant in the Austrian “Gedenkdienst” programme for over 10 years. We are very grateful to be sent young motivated Austrian Holocaust Memorial Servants year after year. They make a tremendous contribution to our work. The Romani Holocaust is still a neglected and, indeed, often forgotten part of European history that needs to be addressed more effectively, especially in times where far-right and anti-Roma politicians are on the rise in European countries, including Austria. There is also a need to show public support for Roma rights. Roma continue to be victims of violations of human rights on a daily basis, including hate crimes, illegal forced evictions and school segregation.
This is a unique opportunity for Austria to demonstrate its awareness of historical and continuing abuses against Roma and provide a space for those dedicated to Roma rights to do their work. We understand that the people of Braunau do not want to be associated with Hitler’s legacy, and we share this project’s vision for transforming what is now an uncomfortable reminder of the past into an active monument for peace, tolerance and intercultural dialogue.”
“I support the House of Responsibility idea for the birth house of Adolf Hitler as a worldwide meeting place for young people to learn about responsibility and democracy. Turning this house into a police station is a bad idea.”
“I personally find the idea to transform Adolf Hitler’s birth house into a House of Responsibility very appropriate. Responsibility in all its aspects is a fundamental value that is by far not enough discussed publicly in a Western democracy that Austria is. Every idea that promotes responsibility in any context – also and especially in connection with the history of the Third Reich – is appreciated.”
“The concept for the House of Responsibility has my full support. In this house, in the annex of which a criminal was born, it is necessary to commemorate, but also to assume the responsibility not to accept exclusion, stigmatization, persecution and annihilation without participation anywhere.”
“The idea with the House of Responsibility is for me the only possible solution. It would also ultimately help the city and municipality of Braunau.”
“Turning the house where Adolf Hitler was born into a police station seems to be a most inappropriate designation and a very poor and thoughtless choice, especially as the genocidal Nazi regime led by the person born there actually created a police state.
I support the alternative idea of establishing a ‘House of Responsibility’ as a place to promote democracy, social justice, cultural diversity, and inclusive society at this place of such great symbolic significance. Like in South Africa, where the notorious Apartheid era Number 4 prison complex was turned into the country’s Constitution Court, the seat of the highest Court in the land, this house should be turned into a space of education, critical thinking and where lessons from the past can be learned. It is a unique opportunity that should not be missed!”
“I believe this project is important as a means of remembrance. In Hebrew, the word of remembrance is Zecher, on the High Holy Days we have an entire section devoted to remembrance, Zichronot, not only to remember those who perished but to remember the actions of the people who caused their death. We must remember that it was through the action of a single human being and the support and complicity of those who served him that the holocaust happened. If we try to forget this, we will undoubtedly allow it to happen again. The House of Responsibility gives us a physical place to focus our remembrance and future action against such behavior.”
“I support the House of Responsibility because it is a good way for many young people to come to terms with the past. By learning from the past, we can create the conditions for a better future for all. The House of Responsibility is an important part of this process.”
“Yes, I think your idea of a “House of Responsibility” is excellent. It would transform a place with negative connotations into a positive one. This is called “healing” and we need it more than ever in our time. (And with it, the eternalists would have their worship cult destroyed).”
“The Jewish Taiwan Cultural Association (JTCA) supports the proposal to establish a “House of Responsibility” in the birthplace of Hitler in Braunau im Inn. With the passage of time, the memory of the terrible and lasting tragedy that was inflicted upon the Jewish people and so many millions of other innocent people is fading fast. With the increasing prevalence across the world of anti-Semitism, online hate, and misinformation regarding the Holocaust, it’s more imperative than ever that this building become a living platform for educating current and future generations about what happened so that it never happens again. Turning it into a police station is not only inappropriate, it’s an insult to the millions of innocent men, women, and children who lost their lives and livelihoods.”
“A difficult legacy your city has to manage. I find your idea to actively deal with the birthplace in the social discourse very important. You know best that in doing so one must also consider the discussions between 1945 and the present. I wish your idea much success!”
“Of course I’m happy to be part of this!”
“I gladly support your initiative for a House of Responsibility in Braunau am Inn. In Adolf Hitler’s birth town we need a daily reminder that hounding of people, oppression and destruction of other opinions and skin colors, even genocides, must not take place in the 21st century. Especially for young people is the Nazi-horror from the Second World War only an abstract explanation, that could be made more interesting to study through the House of Responsibility.“
“I find the idea to transform specifically Hitler’s birthplace into a House of Responsibility ingenious. What site would better fit such an undertaking? Over many years we thought that history – especially the ineffable history of the Nazis – would not repeat itself all over again. The sad and degrading treatment of refugees in need of protection, another election campaign of the FPÖ, which has committed itself to hustle and chivy, more hate-postings in the social media, as well as very dubious opinions heard in places like pubs, show that we are now closer than ever to fall into the trap. Therefore, it is absolutely necessary to NOW set signs and to take a stance against the above mentioned occurrences instead of tolerating them passively. It would be very nice, especially in Braunau, to make a centre for the youth to learn about tolerance and respect towards other people and other cultures and to learn about respect towards each other. I would also like it very much if the house would become a center for encounter with multicultural events.”
“Do what would have upset Adolf the most. I cannot imagine that an institute or museum could do this for the history of racism (or of antisemitism). In no way demolish the house. I followed the discussion 2-3 years ago and found the location’s disappearance (damnatio memoriae) as the worst reply to the challenge. Formal excuses about ownership etc. must not be the center of attention.”
“You are very welcome to add me to your already impressive list as a supporter of the project to transform the Hitler Birthplace into a House of Responsibility.”

Question: who received the honorary title righteous among the nations

Answer: Gisela Legath

Question: where did gisela legath receive the honorary title righteous among the nations

Answer: Jerusalem

Question: who was honored by yad vashem as righteous

Answer: Austrians

Question: what honorary title did gisela legath receive

Answer: righteous among the Nations

Question: who was honored as righteous by yad vashem

Answer: honored Austrians


The Hazards of Love is the fifth album by the American indie rock band The Decemberists, released through Capitol Records and Rough Trade in 2009. The album was inspired by an Anne Briggs EP titled The Hazards of Love. According to the band, frontman Colin Meloy had set out to write a song with the album's title, which eventually developed into an entire album. Becky Stark (of Lavender Diamond), Shara Nova (of My Brightest Diamond), and Jim James (of My Morning Jacket) provide guest vocals throughout the album, while Robyn Hitchcock makes a cameo guitar appearance on "An Interlude".

The Hazards of Love is a rock opera, with all songs contributing to a unified narrative, similar to the use of recurring stories on the band's previous album, The Crane Wife. The plot is a love story: a woman named Margaret (voiced by Stark) falls in love with a shape-shifting boreal forest dweller named William (voiced by Meloy). William's mother, the jealous Forest Queen (voiced by Nova), and the villainous Rake (also voiced by Meloy) bring conflict to the album's story arc.

Plot
While riding through the taiga, Margaret finds an injured fawn. When she stops to help it, the fawn changes into a young man named William, and the two make love ("The Hazards of Love 1 (The Prettiest Whistles Won't Wrestle the Thistles Undone)"). Margaret soon learns she is pregnant ("A Bower Scene") and flees to the forest to find William ("Won't Want for Love (Margaret in the Taiga)"). William comes to Margaret and proclaims his love for her ("The Hazards of Love 2 (Wager All)"), but a short, mysterious instrumental announces the threat of William's mother, the Forest Queen ("The Queen's Approach") and the end of the first act.

William and Margaret reminisce about their first meeting and anticipate the birth of their child ("Isn't It a Lovely Night?") when they are discovered by the Forest Queen. William begs the Queen to allow him to be with Margaret, but the Queen accuses him of being ungrateful, pointing out that she rescued him from the human world when he was a baby and bestowed on him immortality. Their exchange continues until the Queen resolves to allow William one night as a mortal man with Margaret, but afterwards reclaim him forever ("The Wanting Comes in Waves/Repaid"). Another short instrumental ("An Interlude") marks the end of the second act.

Elsewhere, we meet the Rake, a widower and philanderer who feels no remorse at having murdered his three children in order to be rid of the responsibility of raising them ("The Rake's Song"). He kidnaps Margaret ("The Abduction of Margaret"), and then the Forest Queen ruthlessly breaks her promise by inviting the Rake to violate Margaret and assists his escape from William by parting a raging river ("The Queen's Rebuke/The Crossing"). William arrives at the river but is unable to cross until he offers his own life in exchange for safe passage ("Annan Water").

The Rake gloats over Margaret, while she calls for William to rescue her ("Margaret in Captivity"). But before the Rake can strike, the ghosts of his three murdered children appear and thwart him ("The Hazards of Love 3 (Revenge!)"). William arrives and escapes with Margaret ("The Wanting Comes in Waves (Reprise)"), but, as they approach the river, the lovers vow to marry each other by drowning themselves in the river while William is still a mortal man. As they sink into the water, William and Margaret proclaim their love a final time, reflecting that, in death, "the hazards of love" can no longer trouble them ("The Hazards of Love 4 (The Drowned)").

Release history
On January 15, 2009, "The Rake's Song" became available as a free download on the band's MySpace page. This was followed on February 16, 2009, by "The Hazards of Love 1", again on MySpace. The Hazards of Love was released on iTunes Australia on March 14, 2009. On March 20, 2009, Entertainment Weekly began streaming the full album on imeem. The album entered the US charts at #14, selling 19,000 copies in its first week.

After the album's release, four filmmakers (Peter Sluszka, Julia Pott, Guilherme Marcondes, and Santa Maria) made an animated visual accompaniment to the music, Here Come the Waves: The Hazards of Love Visualized. It does not include narrative elements, but is related through the shape of the music. It has been shown publicly in a few locations.

In February 2012, Player's Theatre in Montreal, Canada staged the album under the name "The Hazards of Love: A Folk Opera" with dialogue written to accompany the Decemberists' original music. The script was written and directed by James Hugh Keenan Campbell and Charles Harries, and starred Montreal actors Emily Skahan, John Pleasants, and Katie Scharf among others. Robin Warner, a Montreal jazz bassist, directed the six person pit band.

Reception

The Hazards of Love drew mixed to favorable reviews from music critics, with most reviewers commending the album's ambition and musical craft, but criticizing its story and characters as vague and underdeveloped. Will Hermes of Rolling Stone wrote that "The Hazards of Love brings the glorious excess... The Decemberists approach this kind of pretentiousness somewhat ironically, but they also clearly love their models, Led Zeppelin and Fairport Convention among them", while James Christopher Monger of AllMusic summarized the album as "ambitious, pretentious, obtuse, often impenetrable, and altogether pretty great". Robert Christgau was a detractor, writing that "The Hazards of Love looked to be where Colin Meloy's obvious bad points permanently swallowed his subtle good points...He has the conceit to elevate melodies that are the musical equivalent of doggerel into mini-motives". Marc Hogan of Pitchfork criticized the album's plot and lamented the absence of the band's "catchy choruses" and "verisimilar emotions", but praised its heavier songs and Shara Nova's contribution to them.

Track listing
All songs written by Colin Meloy, except where noted.

Personnel

According to the liner notes of The Hazards of Love.

The Decemberists
Colin Meloy – vocals (voice of William, The Rake, First Voice, Second Voice), acoustic guitar, electric guitar, percussion
Chris Funk – electric guitar, tenor guitar, baritone guitar, pedal steel, mandolin, banjo, bouzouki, autoharp, hurdy-gurdy, hammered dulcimer, marxophone, piano, synthesizer, percussion
Jenny Conlee – piano, harpsichord, Hammond organ, Wurlitzer, synthesizer, accordion, marxophone
Nate Query – bass, upright bass, bowed bass, synthesizer
John Moen – drums, hand drums, percussion, backing vocals

Additional musicians

Becky Stark – vocals (voice of Margaret), backing vocals
Shara Nova (credited as Shara Worden) – vocals (voice of the Forest Queen), backing vocals
Robyn Hitchcock – electric guitar ("An Interlude")
Jim James – backing vocals
Rebecca Gates – backing vocals
Keiko Araki – violin
Greg Ewer – violin
Adam Hoornstra – viola
Collin Oldham – cello
Victoria Llewellyn – vocals (voice of Charlotte)
Clara Ell – vocals (voice of Dawn)
Joseph Ell – vocals (voice of Isaiah)

Production

Produced by Tucker Martine with The Decemberists
Recorded and mixed by Tucker Martine, assisted by Rich Hipp
Mastered by Roger Seibel
String arrangements by Jenny Conlee and Nate Query
Design by Carson Ellis, Colin Meloy, and Mario Hugo for Hugo & Marie
Illustrations by Carson Ellis
Band photo by Autumn de Wilde

References

External links
 Official lyrics

Category:The Decemberists albums
Category:Concept albums
Category:2009 albums
Category:Capitol Records albums
Category:Rough Trade Records albums
Category:Albums produced by Tucker Martine
Category:Rock operas
Category:Progressive rock albums by American artists
Category:Art rock albums by American artists

The album was inspired by an Anne Briggs EP titled The Hazards of Love .

According to the band , frontman Colin Meloy had set out to write a song with the album 's title , which eventually developed into an entire album .

NEW YORK (Top40 Charts/ Capitol Records) - On March 24th, 2009, Capitol Records will release The Decemberists' 'The Hazards Of Love', the follow-up to the group's 2006 breakthrough, 'The Crane Wife', which NPR listeners voted their favorite album of the year.
With their fifth full-length album, the Portland-based quintet of Colin Meloy, Chris Funk, Jenny Conlee, Nate Query and John Moen solidifies its standing as one of the most innovative creative forces in music today. In an age when singles rule and the death of the album has been pronounced by many, The Decemberists - who will be featured in a live session on NPR's 'World Cafe' today - have fashioned an anomaly: a record that demands to be listened to from start to finish and reveals more with each subsequent play. The 17-song suite, recorded with the band's longtime producer, Tucker Martine, is rooted in ancient language and imagery, yet entirely modern and accessible.
Eager to share a bit of the new music with fans before street date, The Decemberists are making 'The Rake's Song' available as a free download beginning today at www.decemberists.com.
The album began when Meloy - long fascinated by the British folk revival of the 1960s - found a copy of revered vocalist Anne Briggs's 1966 EP, titled 'The Hazards of Love'. Since there was actually no song with the album's title, he set out to write one. Soon he was immersed in something much larger than just a new composition.
'The Hazards Of Love' tells the tale of a woman named Margaret who is ravaged by a shape-shifting animal; her lover, William; a forest queen; and a cold-blooded, lascivious rake, who recounts with spine-tingling ease how he came 'to be living so easy and free' in the aforementioned 'The Rake's Song.'
Lavender Diamond's Becky Stark and My Brightest Diamond's Shara Worden deliver the lead vocals for the female characters, while My Morning Jacket's Jim James, Robyn Hitchcock and the Spinanes' Rebecca Gates appear in supporting roles. The range of sounds reflects the characters' arcs, from the accordion's singsong lilt in 'Isn't it a Lovely Night?' to the heavy metal thunder of 'The Queen's Rebuke/The Crossing.'
'There's an odd bond between the music of the British folk revival and classic metal,' says Meloy. 'A natural connection between, like, Fairport Convention and Black Sabbath - of course, Sandy Denny from Fairport even sang with Led Zeppelin on 'The Battle of Evermore.' I think there's a shared sense of narrative and ambience, of moving beyond the first person in your writing. And I thought it would be interesting to mess around with that.'
The Decemberists will tour this spring, playing 'The Hazards Of Love' straight through for the show's first half and older material for the remainder. Ambitious, yes - but this is a band that doesn't shy away from major stage productions, having performed 'The Crane Wife' with full orchestral accompaniment on several 2007 dates, including a stop at the historic Hollywood Bowl with the Los Angeles Philharmonic.
Upcoming tour dates will be announced shortly.
The track listing for 'The Hazards Of Love' is as follows:
1. Prelude
2. The Hazards of Love 1 (The Prettiest Whistles Won't Wrestle the Thistles Undone)
3. A Bower Scene
4. Won't Want for Love (Margaret in the Taiga)
5. The Hazards of Love 2 (Wager All)
6. The Queen's Approach
7. Isn't it a Lovely Night?
8. The Wanting Comes in Waves / Repaid
9. An Interlude
10. The Rake's Song
11. The Abduction of Margaret
12. The Queen's Rebuke / The Crossing
13. Annan Water
14. Margaret in Captivity
15. The Hazards of Love 3 (Revenge!)
16. The Wanting Comes in Waves (Reprise)
17. The Hazards of Love 4 (The Drowned)

Question: who wrote the lyrics to the Hazards of love

Answer: Colin Meloy

Question: what was the title of an anne briggs EP

Answer: The Hazards of Love

Question: what was the name of the EP released by the band the Hazards of love

Answer: Anne Briggs

Question: what was the name of the Hazards of love

Answer: Anne Briggs EP

Question: what did the album eventually become

Answer: an entire album

Question: what was the name of the album inspired by

Answer: an Anne Briggs

Question: what did colin meloy write with the album's title

Answer: a song

On March 20 , 2009 , Entertainment Weekly began streaming the full album on imeem .

The album entered the US charts at # 14 , selling 19,000 copies in its first week .

It's good to be back. That's what [artist id="1231768"]Kelly Clarkson[/artist] must be thinking, as her return-to-form All I Ever Wanted will top the Billboard albums sales chart again next week. Though it suffered a steep 65 percent drop from its first-week sales, according to Nielsen SoundScan, the 90,000 copies sold this week were enough to hold on to the top spot.
Clarkson was able to fend off [artist id="1022"]U2[/artist]'s No Line on the Horizon, which hit #2 despite a 42 percent drop in sales on the heels of suffering a 60-plus percent nosedive in its second week. Horizon moved 76,000 units as it edged toward a total of 700,000 sold in less than a month. It was all the Irish rockers could do to hold back a hard charge from the resurgent special-edition soundtrack to "Twilight," which bolted up 11 spots on a 250 percent uptick in business to 74,000, goosed, no doubt, by the smash first-week DVD sales of the movie.
[artist id="2801312"]The-Dream[/artist]'s Love vs. Money also suffered a major drop-off (63 percent) in sales, but slipped into #4 with 56,000 satisfied customers, just ahead of [artist id="3061469"]Lady Gaga[/artist]'s The Fame, which took up the #5 spot with sales of 50,000. That meant that former chart dominatrix [artist id="2389485"]Taylor Swift[/artist]'s Fearless was pushed out of the top five for the first time since the album's release last year. Swift landed at #6 with sales of 47,000, followed by [artist id="760446"]Nickelback[/artist]'s Dark Horse (#7 with 34,000), the chart debut of Bad Boy's [artist id="2561902"]Gorilla Zoe[/artist] at #8 with 31,000 copies of Don't Feed Da Animals sold, [artist id="1236911"]Beyoncé[/artist]'s I Am ... Sasha Fierce (#9 with 27,000) and [artist id="7590"]Jamie Foxx[/artist]'s remarkably strong Intuition, which held down the #10 spot with 24,000 units shifted.
As for the other chart debuts, Twiztid hit #11 with 23,000 copies sold of W.I.C.K.E.D., the Decemberists hit a new career-high chart position with a #14 bow of their concept album Hazards of Love (19,000), Static-X slide into the #16 position with 19,000 copies moved of Cult of Static and, way down at #136, CNN (Capone-N-Noreaga) shifted 4,000 copies of Channel 10.
Carrie Underwood got the "Idol" bump, with her year-and-a-half-old juggernaut Carnival Ride jumping from #42 to #15 on sales of 19,000 thanks to her appearance on her old stomping grounds, where she sang a duet with Randy Travis. Elsewhere, J. Holiday took a big tumble from his #4 debut last week, dropping to #20 as sales of Round 2 dipped more than 70 percent to 16,000, while Chris Cornell's Timbaland-produced Scream lost its voice, plummeting 55 spots from its #10 debut last week with week-two sales of 7,000. The news was no better for Sum 41, whose greatest-hits album, All the Good Sh--: 14 Solid Gold Hits, squeaked out just 3,000 sales to debut at #154.
The charts should get a bit of a shake-up next week when the "Hannah Montana: The Movie" soundtrack debuts, along with the oft-delayed In a Perfect World from Keri Hilson.

Question: how many copies did the album sell in its first week

Answer: 19,000

Question: on what website did entertainment weekly begin streaming the full album

Answer: imeem

Question: what was the highest the album reached in the us charts

Answer: #14

Question: what magazine began streaming the full album on imeem

Answer: Entertainment Weekly

Question: when did entertainment weekly begin streaming the full album on imeem

Answer: March 20, 2009

Question: in what year did entertainment weekly begin streaming the full album on imeem

Answer: 2009

Question: at what number did the album enter the us charts

Answer: 14

In February 2012 , Player 's Theatre in Montreal , Canada staged the album under the name " The Hazards of Love : A Folk Opera " with dialogue written to accompany the Decemberists ' original music .

“All great truths begin as blasphemies” – George Bernard Shaw
Wait a minute. I’m expected to watch the story of two lovers in a romantic nymph-infested forest, while the soundtrack of their relationship is provided by the indie band The Decemberists? Wait… Valentines Day is next week?
Initial heart palpations aside, I remained unsure if my cynical and yes, still single, heart could handle such enormous sentimental gestures this close to D-Day. I mean V-Day. Yet, I was assuaged of my fears when I discovered that this original piece seeks to redefine romantic cliches, traditional tropes of “happily ever after,” and their accompanying righteous heroes. After two full years of writing, planning, and creating, McGill students’ James Campbell and Charles Harries proudly present, The Hazards of Love: A Folk Opera.
Upon entering the Players Theatre for my first time, I felt comforted by the recognizable indie instrumental ballads streaming from backstage and the dim lights illuminating the whimsical forest set. I concluded that Campbell and Harries had produced the perfect environment for The Hazards of Love, exactly what you would imagine after having listened to the album. The production’s set, costumes, and lighting all work in tandem to engage the viewer in the quintessential story of two star-crossed lovers, William and Margaret. It’s all very Journey meets Ariel the Little Mermaid meets Romeo and Juliet. In truth, the album was created with the intention of one day being adapted for the stage.,and it works well. Whatever I conjured in my (often hyperbolic) imagination while listening to the album was far exceeded by what was in front of my eyes. However, the Decemberists deeply evocative music and soulful lyrics – accompanied by the sexy forest sprites and a half naked actor – end up unintentionally prevailing over the dialogue in between songs.
The narrative of the album’s lyrics already provide an exciting plot full of pregnancy, abduction, and a needy, yet evil, stepmother. Campbell and Harries were left to connect the narrative in between the album’s songs. The result was surprisingly sappy, considering the press release promised to challenge cliches surrounding romance stories. Yet, I can’t blame them entirely. I mean, they are composing an original play that discusses cumbersome familial duties, questions and concerns of love and commitment, and the anxieties often incurred by young adults. Not exactly the “anti-fairytale.”
For someone typically adverse to romance – or anything related – I was pleasantly surprised to find myself relating to the challenges the characters faced. I immediately recognized the potential for profound connections with the audience. Overprotective mother? Got one! Did you really mean “I love you?” Been there! Feeling lost in a hopeless place? Last weekend! However, in the first act, the earnest attempt to reassess these romantic cliches with dialogue was, truthfully, a little cliched itself. Even the conversation between the two lovebirds came across as banal on occasion. It was reminiscent of dialogue from well-known traditional romances like Casablanca or 10 Things I Hate About You.
Nonetheless, as the second act began, the dialogue was suddenly transformed into truly expressive theatre. Was I Jim Carrey in The Grinch? One week until Valentines Day and my heart of ice was quickly beginning to thaw? William and Margaret fought for each other and subsequently made me root for them – yes, they’re a fictional couple – but I rooted for them all the same.
It may be cliched. But that’s just fine. The Hazards of Love: A Folk Opera posesses a captivating soundtrack, a romantic setting, and a passionate cast who showed me, and the rest of the audience, that love is an “interwoven complex of things,” which may make it hazardous, but also makes it worth it.
Happy Valentines Day y’all.

Question: what was the name of player's theatre's 2012 album

Answer: The Hazards of Love: A Folk Opera

Question: when was the Hazards of love album released

Answer: February 2012

Question: what year was the Hazards of love album released

Answer: 2012

Question: what was the name of the christmas album released in 2012

Answer: The Hazards of Love

Question: which theatre staged the Hazards of love album

Answer: Player's Theatre

Question: in which canadian city was the christmas album released

Answer: Montreal


John D'Emilio (born 1948) is a professor emeritus of history and of women's and gender studies at the University of Illinois at Chicago. He taught at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro. He earned his B.A. from Columbia College and Ph.D. from Columbia University in 1982, where his advisor was William Leuchtenburg.  He was a Guggenheim fellow in 1998John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation: results for d'emilio, accessed Dec 14, 2009 and National Endowment for the Humanities fellow in 1997 and also served as Director of the Policy Institute at the National Gay and Lesbian Task Force from 1995 to 1997.

Honors and awards

D'Emilio was awarded the Stonewall Book Award in 1984American Library Association: Award for 1984, accessed Dec. 14, 2009 for his most widely cited book, Sexual Politics, Sexual Communities, which is considered the definitive history of the U.S. homophile movement from 1940 to 1970. His biography of the civil-rights leader Bayard Rustin, Lost Prophet: Bayard Rustin and the Quest for Peace and Justice in America, won the Randy Shilts Award and the Stonewall Book Award for non-fiction in 2004.American Library Association: Award for 2004, accessed Dec. 14, 2009 He was the 2005 recipient of the Brudner PrizeYale University: James Robert Brudner '83 Memorial Prize and Lectures, accessed Dec 14, 2009 at Yale University.

thumb|North Shore Gay and Lesbian Alliance

His and Estelle Freedman's book Intimate Matters: A History of Sexuality in America was cited in Justice Anthony Kennedy's opinion in Lawrence v. Texas, the 2003 American Supreme Court case overturning all remaining anti-sodomy laws.Justia.com:Lawrence v. Texas , accessed Dec. 14, 2009

In 2005 D'Emilio was inducted into the Chicago Gay and Lesbian Hall of Fame.

He received the Bill Whitehead Award for Lifetime Achievement from Publishing Triangle in 2013.

Jim Oleson, his partner since the early 1980s, died at their home in Chicago on April 4, 2015.

Works

Author
Lost Prophet: The Life and Times of Bayard Rustin (New York: Free Press, 2003; Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004)
The World Turned: Essays on Gay History, Politics, and Culture (Durham: Duke University Press, 2002)
Making Trouble: Essays on Gay History, Politics, and the University (New York: Routledge, 1992)
Sexual Politics, Sexual Communities: The Making of a Homosexual Minority in the United States, 1940-1970 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1983; 2nd edition, with a new preface and afterword, 1998)

Co-author
With Estelle Freedman, Intimate Matters: A History of Sexuality in America (New York: Harper and Row, 1988; 2nd expanded edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997; 3rd edition, 2012)

Editor
The Civil Rights Struggle: Leaders in Profile (New York: Facts-on-File, 1979), with an introduction
The Universities and the Gay Experience: Proceedings of the Conference Sponsored by the Women and Men of the Gay Academic Union, November 23 and 24, 1973 (New York: Gay Academic Union, 1974), with an introduction

Co-editor
With William Turner and Urvashi Vaid, Creating Change: Sexuality, Public Policy and Civil Rights (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2000)

Notes

External links
John D'Emilio collected papers from the Swarthmore College Peace Collection
National Gay and Lesbian Task Force Records, 1973-2008 (279.6 cubic feet) are housed at the Cornell University Library. Contains the presidential files of John D'Emilio.
Jonathan Ned Katz Papers, 1947-2004 (59.3 linear feet) are housed at the New York Public Library. Contains correspondence with John D'Emilio.

See also
Gender
Gender and sexuality studies
Queer Theory

Category:1948 births
Category:21st-century American historians
Category:American male non-fiction writers
Category:Gender studies academics
Category:Historians of LGBT topics
Category:Lambda Literary Award winners
Category:Stonewall Book Award winners
Category:Gay academics
Category:LGBT rights activists from the United States
Category:Living people
Category:Philosophers of sexuality
Category:Queer theorists
Category:University of Illinois at Chicago faculty
Category:Columbia College (New York) alumni
Category:Regis High School (New York City) alumni
Category:University of North Carolina at Greensboro faculty
Category:LGBT writers from the United States
Category:LGBT people from New York (state)
Category:Historians from New York (state)
Category:21st-century American male writers
Category:Columbia Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni

He taught at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro .

He earned his B.A. from Columbia College and Ph.D. from Columbia University in 1982 , where his advisor was William Leuchtenburg .

A
COURTESY JOHN D’EMILIO ’70, GSAS’82
cum laude, Phi Beta Kappa graduate of the College with a newly acquired doctorate in history from the University, John D’Emilio ’70, GSAS’82
eagerly applied for teaching jobs in academia in the early 1980s. But his dissertation subject — the history of gay activism — was unheard of then, and he faced a wall of rejection from dozens of institutions where he’d sought employment.
Times have changed. Forty years later, D’Emilio is regarded not only as a leader in the field of gay history but also as a rock star at the University of Illinois at Chicago who has won numerous awards and honors, including a dissertation prize bearing his name.
“He was absolutely a pioneer,” says Estelle Freedman BC’69, the Edgar E. Robinson Professor in U.S. History at Stanford, with whom D’Emilio collaborated on the 1988 bestseller Intimate Matters: A History of Sexuality in America, now in its third edition. “His work has been incredibly important and influential.”
D’Emilio has won wide recognition: He was inducted into the Chicago LGBT Hall of Fame in 2005, has been a Guggenheim fellow and is the author of several more books. His 2003 biography of gay civil rights leader Bayard Rustin earned wide acclaim; a memoir, Memories of a Gay Catholic Boyhood: Coming of Age in the Sixties, is due out next fall.
His rise to prominence was hardly meteoric — it was a struggle against a homophobic society not yet ready to accept nonconforming sexuality as an academic field. D’Emilio was born to working-class Italian immigrants in the Bronx, and raised in the Catholic church. He attended Regis H.S., an elite Catholic boys’ school in Manhattan, on scholarship. (Dr. Anthony S. Fauci, chief medical advisor to President Biden, is also an alumnus.)
Once on campus, D’Emilio moved into a John Jay Hall single. For a teen grappling with his emerging gay identity, New York City seemed to offer a relatively safe space, but he was still closeted. He was, he says, “coming to grips with being gay at a time when it was impossible to be gay”; he was also involved in the antiwar movement. Needing a break from academia, D’Emilio landed in the library of Long Island University, reading radical publications and heading in a new direction.
“What I was learning through them was a revisionist view of U.S. history, consistent with what the antiwar movement was shouting at demonstrations,” he says, “and I realized I’d never taken a U.S. history course.”
So, back he went to Columbia. He had an idea for a doctoral dissertation on a subject of great personal interest, and brought the topic — the history of homosexuality in America — to his advisor, historian William Leuchtenburg GSAS’51. D’Emilio still recalls his wry response: ‘John, I think you need to narrow your topic somewhat. You have an area, not a topic.’”
D’Emilio focused on the history of gay activism from 1940 to 1970. His dissertation would become his first book, Sexual Politics, Sexual Communities, in 1983.
Though he’d begun graduate school in 1971, D’Emilio didn’t get his doctorate until 1982. Even then, supporting himself with several freelance jobs, he saw his future in writing. But eventually, he applied for teaching positions with an emphasis on gay history.
“I had recommendations, publications, a book under contract. But in the early ’80s, what the hell is gay history? No one was teaching it,” he says. D’Emilio finally landed at the University of North Carolina Greensboro in 1983 and stayed until 1995. He left to found and chair the National Gay and Lesbian Task Force’s Policy Institute, and, in 1999, the University of Illinois at Chicago came calling.
Since 2014, D’Emilio has been emeritus professor of history and women’s and gender studies, but still speaks and writes about gay history. His most recent work, Queer Legacies: Stories from Chicago’s LGBTQ Archives, was published in 2020.
“I’ve retired in the sense that I don’t have to go to faculty meetings, prepare syllabi, and grade papers and exams, but I still get to do research and writing,” he says. Composing his memoir, however, has been a new and different experience: “It’s so weird to be publishing a book about me instead of about something else.”
Eugene L. Meyer ’64 is a former longtime Washington Post reporter and editor and author, most recently, of Five for Freedom: The African American Soldiers in John Brown’s Army.

Question: who was d.a. from columbia in 1982

Answer: William Leuchtenburg

Question: where did he earn his b.a.

Answer: Columbia College

Question: where did he teach at the university of north carolina

Answer: Greensboro

where did John D'Emilio teach at the university of north carolina

Question: where did he teach while he was a student

Answer: University of North Carolina at Greensboro

where did John D'Emilio teach while John D'Emilio was a student

Question: when did he earn his phd

Answer: 1982

Question: where did he earn his ph.d.

Answer: Columbia University

Question: where did he teach before he received his phd

Answer: University of North Carolina

where did John D'Emilio teach before John D'Emilio received his phd

Question: where did he earn his b.a. from

Answer: Columbia

where did John D'Emilio earn his b.a. from

D'Emilio was awarded the Stonewall Book Award in 1984American Library Association : Award for 1984 , accessed Dec. 14 , 2009 for his most widely cited book , Sexual Politics , Sexual Communities , which is considered the definitive history of the U.S. homophile movement from 1940 to 1970 .

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Question: what was the name of d'emilio's most widely cited book

Answer: Sexual Politics, Sexual Communities

Question: what award did d'emilio receive in 1984

Answer: Stonewall Book Award

Question: during what years was sexual politics, sexual communities written

Answer: 1940 to 1970

Question: when was the american library association award for 1984 accessed

Answer: Dec. 14, 2009

Question: when was the stonewall book award given

Answer: 1984American Library Association: Award for 1984

Question: in what year did d'emilio receive the american library association award for

Answer: 2009

Jim Oleson , his partner since the early 1980s , died at their home in Chicago on April 4 , 2015 .

Jim Oleson, 77, a longtime Chicago resident and partner of gay historian John D'Emilio, died at their home on April 4, surrounded by loved ones. He had severely weakened lungs and heart, and had recently begun home hospice care.
Oleson came to Chicago in 1999 with D'Emilio, who was appointed professor of history and gender and women's studies at the University of Illinois at Chicago.
Prior to their life here, the two men lived in Greensboro, North Carolina, where D'Emilio had been a professor of history at the University of North Carolina. D'Emilio was born and raised in the Bronx, New York, but the migration to Chicago was a return to the Midwest for Oleson, who was an Iowa native.
Oleson was named Jim by his parentsthe name was not a shortening of James. According to D'Emilio, he was born in 1938 to an unwed mother, in a time when the stigma surrounding unmarried pregnant women meant that keeping their children was unthinkable. Oleson spent the first four months of his life in an orphanage before being adopted by Hazelle and Clarence Oleson of Bondurant, Iowa, a farming community.
His years as an undergraduate at Cornell College in Iowa, where his father had preceded him, would prove to be catalysing and formative for Oleson. He began school in 1956 but was soon forced to withdraw, along with another student, because of being gay. Tragically, the fellow student committed suicide. Oleson's father, who always supported his son, refused to accept the school's decision and angrily petitioned to have him let back in. His strenuous efforts succeeded and Jim Oleson graduated in 1960 but "not without having to endure the stigma of being queer," according to D'Emilio.
Oleson went on to get a masters in American studies at the University of Iowa, then began to get his Ph.D. at the University of Pennsylvania in 1965, where he met and eventually married Clara Rodriguez, who took and kept his name even after they divorced some years later. She became a reputed feminist and labor lawyer and remained close friends with him and D'Emilio till the end.
In 1973, freshly divorced, Oleson decided he no longer wanted to pursue his graduate studies and literally set fire to all his dissertation research. ( He was, by then, ABDAll But Dissertation. ) As he put it to D'Emilio and friends, he wanted to live a gay life and that, for him, meant cutting ties to everything that kept him tethered to a past life as in Iowa and moving to New York City.
Once there, he embarked on a series of jobs to make a living, but chief among them was as a seller and distributor of recordings of classical performances to people and institutions around the world, including collectors, music libraries, music agents, and musicians. He created a company, Good Sound Associates, and became a well-known purveyor of highly desired recordings. At the time, this was not an illegal activity but part of the reality of the music market, when recordings of concerts and performances were not as easily made or available as they are now.
"Maria Callas might perform at La Scala, and someone in the audience might happen to be there with a tape recorder [this was before the age of corporations surveilling audiences to ensure they wouldn't lose a cent in profits], and they would contact Jim who in turn created a tape for wider distribution," said D'Emilio. Oleson was not merely a seller, but, as D'Emilio put it, "the world's biggest opera queen." He owned a personal music collection of the genre and classical music in general of thousands of CDs and vinyl records, and spent hours listening to them. He ended the business when the technology changed, deciding that he would not be able to take on the challenges of shifting to accommodate the changes.
D'Emilio met Oleson over a decade after the latter had moved to New York. As he describes it, "We met in the way many gay men met before AIDS: in the back room of a porn shop in Manhattan, on Dec. 8, 1980. We exchanged numbers and began dating. He wanted to move in after the second week, but I insisted we might only do that after we had dated for five years. We ended up moving in together after two and a half years, when I got the job in North Carolina."
Oleson always said that while D'Emilio had a career, he himself had jobs. These included being a case worker at an agency that worked with non-violent felons on alternative sentencing to keep them out of jail, as student advisor, at AIDS agencies in Washington, D.C., and Greensboro, and in various office administrative positions.
As anyone who knew him even briefly can testify, he was also a passionate man and unafraid to speak his mind. The first time I met him was at an event from which he and D'Emilio gave me a ride back home, and my most vivid memory is of him discussing the US at war and describing this as a "racist country," using an unpublishable epithet before the phrase. He was not the sort to pontificate at length and would often sit and absorb conversations, only inserting himself when he had something to say, which was usually pithy, incredibly smart, droll, and incisive.
He remained "intellectually curious down to the end," said D'Emilio, saying that Oleson regularly read the New York Times, New Yorker and the New York Review of Books. But D'Emilio also remembered him as someone who "lived by the philosophy that we must love one another; there wasn't a mean bone in his body. He was a completely good person."

Question: who was the man who died in the car crash

Answer: Jim Oleson

Question: when did jim oleson die

Answer: April 4, 2015

Question: where did jim oleson die

Answer: Chicago

Question: when did jim oleson and his partner start dating

Answer: 1980s

Question: when did jim oleson and his partner die

Answer: early 1980s

Question: what was the name of the partner who died in april 2015

Answer: Oleson


Scattergood Friends School in Cedar County, Iowa, is a rural, private high school educating students in grades nine through twelve and, since 2020, middle school educating students in grades six through eight.  Founded in 1890 by Iowa Wilburite Quakers to provide a "guarded education" for their children, it is owned and operated by Iowa Yearly Meeting of Friends (Conservative).

The school closed for a period during the Great Depression. Alarmed at the increasing anti-Semitism and political suppression by the Nazi Party of Germany at the time of Kristallnacht, Quakers of Iowa proposed in 1939 to receive refugees from Germany and house them at the Scattergood School. From 1939 through 1943, they operated what they called the 'Scattergood Hostel,' accepting a total of 185 refugees and helping them to resettle in the United States.Luick-Thrams, Michael. Out of Hitler's Reach: The Scattergood Hostel For European Refugees, 1939-1943, Iowa State Press, 1997Joe Peters, "Traces will close strapped St. Paul WWII museum, will keep Web site, bus exhibit", 9 November 2008, accessed 17 September 2015 After 1943 refugees were unable to leave Germany.

After the end of the war, the school was reopened for educational operations. Since the late 20th century, about one third of students and staff have been Quakers, with the rest coming from different faith backgrounds.

Background
Scattergood School, founded in 1890, is located in Cedar County, Iowa, two miles (3 km) east and one half mile south of the town of West Branch. It offers a college preparatory curriculum for grades nine through twelve. Owned and operated by Iowa Yearly Meeting of Friends (Conservative), the school is accredited by the Iowa Department of Education and by the Independent Schools Association of the Central States (ISACS). In addition to academic achievement, the Scattergood program emphasizes community life, responsible world citizenship, and communal work.

Although there are several day students each year, nearly all students reside in dormitories (housing 42 students) on campus. Likewise, most of the 25 faculty and staff live in on-campus apartments. The school is based on small class sizes and a family atmosphere.

Teaching and learning at Scattergood take place in many settings beyond the classroom. The campus includes a pond/marsh, a prairie, and a farm with a variety of livestock and  of organic vegetable production.

Everyone at Scattergood participates in a communal work program, called the crew system. This includes everything from working on the farm to making daily breakfast for members of the school. Similarly, all cleaning on campus is done by jointly by students and staff. Work assignments rotate monthly.

Roughly a quarter of Scattergood students come from outside the United States. Former Bolivian president Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada, is a Scattergood graduate.Julie Deardorff, "Bolivian President More Comfortable Playing Soccer Than Watching", Chicago Tribune, 16 June 1994

Some recent courses
In addition to regular offerings in math and science, the school has some unusual Humanities courses:
History of the English Language
Logic
Utopian Societies
Messianic Archetypes in Film and Literature
Art of Tibetan Religion and Culture
Quakerism
Taoism
Creative Writing

Foreign languages include Spanish, Arabic, and French.

Sports offered in physical education include soccer, Fencing, Archery, Roller Hockey, Bicycle Training, Ultimate Frisbee, Yoga, Archery, Basketball, and Aikido.

The term "Projects" is used to cover a variety of skills, arts and crafts: Ceramics, Glassblowing, Bow Making, Juggling, Stained Glass, Elizabethan Rapier, Electronic music, Food preservation, Drama, Painting, Poultry Project and Farm Project.

May Term Trips
During May Term, all juniors and seniors have the option to leave campus for a month-long trip. The trips usually involve community service or physical challenge. The option to take a student-planned "independent trip" is also available. Past May Term trips have included:
Bike trip along the Mississippi River (from Natchez, Mississippi to Scattergood)
Hiking 250 miles of the Appalachian Trail
Latin America
East Coast
Gulf Coast

May Term Classes
During May Term, when juniors and seniors leave campus, underclassmen have the opportunity to experience Project Based Learning curriculum.  Examples of these classes have included:
The Physics of Flight
Apiculture and Agriculture
Animal Behavior During Mating and Parenting
Animal Psychology
Restaurant Management
The Art of Taking Tea
Boat Building
Monarch Conservation

Scattergood Hostel
Because of the financial difficulties faced by families during the Great Depression, the school suspended its operations in 1931. Alarmed at the increasing persecution of Jews and political dissidents in Nazi Germany, Quakers in Iowa proposed to use the school as a center to house refugees and help them resettle in the United States.

Before the United States entered World War II, Quakers (mostly farmers) collaborated to create a place for the European refugees, supporting them through a web of volunteers. Both refugees and volunteers worked communally together to operate the facility, including its farm. A total of 185 refugees were housed here from 1939 to 1943. After that it became nearly impossible for them to escape from Europe.

"In addition to therapeutic social activities, the Scattergood staff provided health care, language classes, and job training, hoping to give refugees, or guests as they were called, a foundation on which to rebuild their lives.""Out of Hitler's Reach", episode of Living in Iowa, Iowa Public TV, 2007, accessed 17 September 2015 Stays at the hostel averaged four months, a time of respite.

Legacy
 The Scattergood Hostel was explored in an exhibit at Traces Museum, which operated in St. Paul, Minnesota from 2005 through 2008, as well as a traveling exhibit viewed by tens of thousands throughout the Midwest. When the museum closed, the United States Holocaust Museum of Washington, DC agreed to take the permanent exhibit materials.
 In 2007, Iowa Public TV produced an episode on the Scattergood Hostel for its Living in Iowa series, titled "Out of Hitler's Reach" and based on the book of the same name by Michael Luick-Thrams, founder and director of the Traces Museum.

Recommended reading
Berquist, Robert, et al., Scattergood Friends School, 1890-1990
Luick-Thrams, Michael.  Out of Hitler's Reach: The Scattergood Hostel For European Refugees, 1939-1943, Iowa State Press, 1997

See also
List of high schools in Iowa

References

External links

Independent Schools Association of the Central States (ISACS)
"Out of Hitler's Reach", episode of Living in Iowa, Iowa Public TV, 2007 - about the Scattergood Hostel during World War II

Category:Quaker schools in Iowa
Category:Private high schools in Iowa
Category:Schools in Cedar County, Iowa
Category:Preparatory schools in Iowa
Category:1880 establishments in Iowa

" In addition to therapeutic social activities , the Scattergood staff provided health care , language classes , and job training , hoping to give refugees , or guests as they were called , a foundation on which to rebuild their lives .

" " Out of Hitler 's Reach " , episode of Living in Iowa , Iowa Public TV , 2007 , accessed 17 September 2015 Stays at the hostel averaged four months , a time of respite .

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Question: how long did stay at the scattergood hostel last

Answer: four months

Question: when was out of hitler's reach filmed

Answer: 17 September 2015

Question: what episode of living in iowa was filmed in 2007

Answer: Out of Hitler's Reach

Question: how many months did stay at the scattergood hostel last

Answer: four

Question: out of hitler's reach was an episode of what show

Answer: Living in Iowa

Question: where can i watch living in iowa

Answer: Iowa Public TV

Question: what was the name of the hostel that hosted refugees in iowa

Answer: Scattergood