Iimpawu zokudibanisa nokuthabatha
Iimpawu zokudibanisa (+) kunye no kuthabatha(−) ziimpawu zakwamathematika ezisetyenziselwa ukubonisa ukuba-positive nokuba-negative kwakunye nokwenzekayo xa kudityaniswa naxa kuthatyathwa. Umsebenzi wazo ezimpawu wandiselwe nakwezinye iintsingiselo ezininzi, ezifanayo nezibufana. Uphawu lokukudibanisa ngesiNgesi kuthiwa ngu-Plus kanti lona olokuthabatha kuthiwa ngu-minus. U-Plus no-Minus ke ngamagama antsingiselo yawo iyeyesi-Latin athetha "ukongeza" "kuphungula" ngokulandelelana kwawo.  

 Imbali 
Nangona ezi mpawu zibonakala ngokungathi ngoonobumba okanye amanani amaArabhu aseHindu, azi mpawu zakudala-dala. Uphawu lokudibanisa noluyindlela ethile ekubhalwa ngayo ekuthiwa yi-Egyptian hieroglyphic, umzekelo, efana nemilenze emibini ehamba ngomkhondo walapho kwakubhalwe khona lo mbhalo  (ngokwesi-Egyptian ungabhalwa macalana omabini ukusuka ngasekunene  ukuya ngasekhohlo okanye ukusuka ngasekhohlo ukuya ngasekunene), kodwa xa uphawu lubuyela ngasemva lubonisa okokuba luphawu lokuthabatha

D54- okanye -D55

Iphepha likaNicole Oresmeukusuka kwiminyaka wenkulungwane ye-14 libonisa omnye wemisebenzi yokuqala ebalulekileyo yephawu i-plus "+"   .

Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yeminyaka ye-15 oonobumba u-"P" no "M" babesetyenziswa ngumntu wonke.
Iimpawu u-(P onomgca up̄ omele u-più, oko kuthetha ukudibanisa plus, kunye no-M  onomgca u-m̄ omele u-meno, oko kuthetha ukuthabatha minus) zavela okokuqala kulwazi-lwe-mathematika ye-Luca Pacioli, iSumma de arithmetica, i-geometria, i-proportioni i-et proportionalità, nombhalo wayo owakhutshwa wapapashwa okokuqala e-Venice ngo-1494. The + is a simplification of the Latin "et" (comparable to the ampersand &). The − may be derived from a tilde written over m when used to indicate subtraction; or it may come from a shorthand version of the letter m itself. In his 1489 treatise Johannes Widmann referred to the symbols − and + as minus and mer (Modern German mehr; "more"): "was − ist, das ist minus, und das + ist das mer".

Incwadi epapashwe  nguHenricus Grammateus ngo-1518 yazithatha ezi mpawu yazisebenzisela olunye uhlobo lomsebenzi wokuqala wokudibanisa + nokuthabatha −  .Earliest Uses of Various Mathematical Symbols

Robert Recorde, the designer of the equals sign, introduced plus and minus to Britain in 1557 in The Whetstone of Witte:. "There be other 2 signes in often use of which the first is made thus + and betokeneth more: the other is thus made – and betokeneth lesse."

 References


who wrote the mathematical treatise summa de arithmetica, geometria
Answer: Luca Pacioli