And Apennage is a princedom, and this period basically featured a bunch of Russian princes vying for control over territory, which is not a recipe for political stability or economic growth, another theme that will re-emerge in Russian history. By the way, I'm describing all of this as Russia, even though if you did that in the 13th century, people would look at you funny. They'd be all like, what do you mean Russia? Also, where'd you get those pants? And all those teeth? Mmm, you smell pretty. Right, so to discuss how important the Mongols were to Russia, let's go to the Thought Bubble.