Now one thing to keep in mind, sometimes when we talk about the fall of the West, it somehow implies that there's no governance left or there's no kingdoms left, and nothing could be further from the truth. One of the reasons why the Western Roman Empire fell is repeated attacks by Germanic tribes. And after the Western Roman Empire was gone, the Germanic tribes, for the most part, took over. On the Italian peninsula, you at first have the kingdom of Odoacer, but eventually you have rule, especially as we get into the late fifth century, you have the Ostrogothic kingdom, Ostrogoths, the Eastern Goths, the Eastern Germanic tribes. Here in North Africa, you have the Vandals, another Germanic tribe. Here in the Iberian peninsula, you have the Visigoths, the Western Goths, yet another Germanic tribe. Here you have the Burgundians, you have the Franks.