Now, as we'll see, and we cover in much more detail in other videos, the title of Holy Roman Emperor, or Emperor of the Romans, does not continue on with Charlemagne's descendants. But when you get to 962, Otto, who's a German king, is crowned Holy Roman Emperor again, and you continue to have Holy Roman Emperors all the way until 1806. Now, another major feature of the early Middle Ages, and you can see it on this map, is that Islam in the seventh and eighth centuries, it comes out of Arabia and is able to conquer much of the Middle East, Persia, North Africa, which you don't see on this map, and much of what we consider today to be modern-day Spain. And you can see it, you see the Caliphate of Cordoba right over here, you see the Abbasids here in the east, who also controlled much of North Africa. Now, let's fast forward to the high Middle Ages. So here we are in the year 1135. On our timeline, that would be right about, let's see, this is 1100, that would be 1150, 1135 would put us right around here.