Over the course of Justinian's reign, as you can see, they're able to retake the Italian Peninsula and much of North Africa. Now, things weren't always easy for Justinian, and they're very difficult at the beginning of his rule, and they get hard near the end of his rule as well. In 532, there's significant rioting in Constantinople, which is his capital. It all starts around chariot racing and the different groups or gangs that support the different chariot racing teams, but it eventually becomes an all-out revolt against Justinian. And many of Justinian's advisors, including Justinian himself, they're afraid that they're gonna be overthrown and killed, and they think about fleeing Constantinople, and this is only five years into his reign. This is in 532. And at that point, his wife, Empress Theodora, stands up and becomes a very important actor in history.