And then in the second Persian invasion, led by Xerxes, they were able to rout the Persian navy at Salamis, and eventually get rid of the Persians altogether at Plataea in 479 BCE. So at that point, the Greeks, especially the city-states, the powerful city-states of Sparta and Athens, they're fighting on the same side. But as we'll see in this video, this all starts to break down, and they will eventually be at war with each other, and a very ugly war. You know, a lot of times when we think about these things thousands of years later, it might seem somewhat romantic, the stuff of stories and adventures, but these things are ugly. People are getting killed, people are getting tortured, civilians are dying, whole cities are being destroyed. Now whenever we talk about history, it's very important to think about where your story is coming from, and you should always have a nice dose of doubt on what were the motivations of the person who wrote it, or how much can they really know about things? And when we talked about the Persian invasions of Greece, or the Greco-Persian Wars, that was coming to us from someone who is often known as the father of history.