So, for example, this piece of land right over here, this duke might provide it to someone else, let's say a count, in which case this would be called a county, and that is where we get our modern term, county, and this count would be vassal to the duke, and the duke would be the lord of the count, and then the count can then be the lord of someone else, of their vassals, and this goes on and on and on all the way until you get down to the level of the serfs and the peasants who are actually doing the work. But the main idea here is is that in exchange for land, the king gave this duke a duchy, or maybe the king's father gave this duke's father this duchy, and so this grant of land, this is called a fief, a critical term in the feudal system. This county here, this is a fief. In exchange for that, the vassal gives the lord resources, taxes, and loyalty. Now, the way I drew it here, it seems quite organized and clean, but the reality of it, it isn't that clean. Sometimes, a kingdom might directly, some parts of it might be subdivided into duchies, some of it might be divided into a county that is independent of any duchy. You might have another duchy right over here that is not subdivided into counties.