And in 1099, they are eventually able to take Jerusalem from the Muslims. And both in their taking of Antioch and Jerusalem, most historical accounts say that it was quite bloody, with significant chunks of the cities being massacred. This is a later image of what it might have looked like when they conquered Jerusalem. And from that time period, through most of the 12th century, they maintain control of the Holy Land. This is what the map looks like in 1135, and you might notice some changes now. The Byzantine Empire has reconquered chunks of the Anatolian Peninsula, in particular the west and the north. And you see these blue regions here, which are known as Crusader kingdoms.