Ah! Putin! The Ottomans just bypassed the problem of hereditary nobles altogether by creating both an army and a bureaucracy from scratch, so they would be loyal only to the sultan. How? The Devshirme, a program in which they kidnapped Christian boys, converted them to Islam, and raised them either to be part of an elite military fighting force called the Janissaries, or to be government bureaucrats. Incidentally, which of those gigs would you prefer? Because I think that says a lot about you as a person.