And when we focus so much on the heroic narrative, or the anti-imperialist narrative, or all the political infighting, we can lose sight of what the crusades must have meant to the crusaders. How that journey from pilgrimage to holy war transformed their faith and their lives. And ultimately, that exercise in empathy is the coolest thing about studying history. Thanks for watching. We'll see you next week. Crash Course is produced and directed by Stan Mellor. Our script supervisor is Danica Johnson.