So as we enter into the fifth century BCE, a couple of things are emerging. First, you have a new Athenian democracy. Then as you get into that century, the Persians invade, try to conquer Greece several times, but unsuccessfully. But then the Greeks start fighting amongst themselves, led on one side by Athens and on the other side by Sparta, and that's the Peloponnesian War, which ends with Sparta being victorious, but all of the Greek city-states being weakened dramatically. Now between the end, especially the first part of the Greco-Persian Wars, and the end of the Peloponnesian War, it was actually a time of Athenian prosperity. They were leading this semi-empire. They were investing in the arts.