But as we enter into the fifth century, there was an official split between the Western Roman Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire. They were actually governed separately. Now also in other videos, we talk about the eventual fall of the Western Roman Empire. Now one thing to keep in mind, sometimes when we talk about the fall of the West, it somehow implies that there's no governance left or there's no kingdoms left, and nothing could be further from the truth. One of the reasons why the Western Roman Empire fell is repeated attacks by Germanic tribes. And after the Western Roman Empire was gone, the Germanic tribes, for the most part, took over. On the Italian peninsula, you at first have the kingdom of Odoacer, but eventually you have rule, especially as we get into the late fifth century, you have the Ostrogothic kingdom, Ostrogoths, the Eastern Goths, the Eastern Germanic tribes.