In a way, this idea that Pope Urban II thought of at the end of the 11th century, hey, why don't I point people externally so they stop worrying about what's going on internally, it kind of worked. Another trend is the importance of cities. In the feudal system, it's all about these manors and all about these estates, but in order to finance the Crusades, centers of trade and commerce became more important, and also, as there was more interaction between west and east and more people traveling, you can imagine that it fostered trade which centered at these cities, and that goes into the next point. Commerce and trade itself was fostered by the Crusades. It wasn't all fighting. The Venetians and other trader city-states, they helped facilitate the movement of arms and people from west to east, but on the way back, they also brought goods to trade, and so they became much, much more powerful. In fact, by the end of the Crusades, as we get into the 14th century, Venice, which is right over here on our map, was considered the richest and most powerful city in Europe.