And then he is assassinated because of the power he was able to accumulate in 44 BCE on March 15th, the Ides of March, that throws Rome into a civil war. Eventually it becomes a battle between Augustus, or at the time, Octavian, versus Mark Antony and Cleopatra. Octavian is able to be victorious, and on 27 BCE, he is declared, or this is the date that historians often use as the beginning of him officially being emperor. And this period from 27 BCE, with Augustus being emperor, all the way to 180 CE, so this roughly 200 year period, this is a relatively good time for the Roman Empire. As we will see, there is still a lot of conflict, there is still a lot of bloodshed, but it is a relatively stable period. And so it is often referred to as Pax Romana, or the Roman Peace. And what we see pictured here, these are most of the emperors of that roughly 200 year period.