Question ID:PT60 S3 Q19 Passage:Ecologist:  One theory attributes the ability of sea butterflies to avoid predation to their appearance, while another attributes this ability to various chemical compounds they produce. Recently we added each of the compounds to food pellets, one compound per pellet. Predators ate the pellets no matter which one of the compounds was present. Thus the compounds the sea butterflies produce are not responsible for their ability to avoid predation. Stem:The reasoning in the ecologist's argument is flawed in that the argument Correct Answer Choice:DChoice A:presumes, without providing justification, that the two theories are incompatible with each other Choice B:draws a conclusion about a cause on the basis of nothing more than a statistical correlation Choice C:treats a condition sufficient for sea butterflies' ability to avoid predators as a condition required for this ability Choice D:infers, from the claim that no individual member of a set has a certain effect, that the set as a whole does not have that effect Choice E:draws a conclusion that merely restates material present in one or more of its premises