The Shift in Libya's Relations to the West
The La Belle disco bombing in Berlin on April 5, 1986 was ruled to be Libya's doing. Twenty years later, relations between Libya and Europe have done an about-face.
The Berlin disco "La Belle" was packed as usual on the night of April 5, 1986. Among its guests were many US soldiers, who were certainly not thinking of politics, the Middle East or strained relations between the United States and Libya. But reality caught up with them: a bomb detonated near the dance floor that night, killing two Americans and a Turkish woman. Over 200 people were injured. A Berlin court ruled that Libya and its intelligence services were responsible for the bombing. In 2001, following a nearly four-year long trial, the judges convicted a Libyan diplomat and three others to prison sentences between 12 and 14 years. The big oil-exporting country in the meantime was busy working on its reputation. Already in the 1990s, Tripoli began striving to improve its relations to the European Union. Financial reparation opened the door to Europe In 2004, the Gaddafi International Foundation for Charity Associations and the legal representatives of the German La Belle victims settled on $35 million in compensation. This opened the door to Europe. Just a few weeks later, Germany's chancellor at the time, Gerhard Schröder, visited Moammar Gadhafi in a traditional Bedouin tent outside of Tripoli. Britain's Prime Minister Tony Blair also paid Gadhafi a visit. A few months earlier, in April 2004, the European Union had welcomed the Libyan leader to Brussels. It was Gadhafi's first official visit to Europe in 15 years. Bernd Westphal, the German ambassador to Libya, said bilateral relations had been through difficult times. "The German Embassy in Tripoli today is working for a quick return to the liveliness of close relations between Germany and Libya," Westphal said. "We want to build on our traditional friendship with Libya and we want to strengthen the political, economic and cultural cooperation between our two countries and peoples." Business interests booming in Libya In the past few years, Libya has moved from being the supporter of international terrorism to an attractive economic partner for the West. European business representatives have been increasingly knocking on Libya's door. Even the United States is showing increased interest in the northern African nation. Washington is pleased that Libya announced at the end of 2003 that it would discontinue its efforts to develop and produce weapons of mass destruction. Libya's ambassador to Germany, Said Abdulaati, said political and economic relations between Libya and Germany were "excellent." Libya is one of Germany's strongest trading partners in northern Africa. Last year, Germany exported goods to Libya worth 657.7 million euros ($805.7 million), according to the German Federal Statistics Office. "The economy is the driving power in German-Libyan relations," said Abdulaati in an interview with the Arab-German association for trade and industry. But Germany isn't the only European country making deals in Libya. France last month signed an accord with Libya on peaceful nuclear research. "This accord represents a qualitative leap in relations between the two countries and proves that Libya has transformed its weapons of mass destruction into constructive weapons," Public Works Minister Maatuk Maatuk said at the signing ceremony in March. "We are telling the world that we are moving towards the development of Libyan nuclear technology for peaceful purposes." This week, the Netherlands' Economics Minister Laurens Jan Brinkhorst will visit Libya to negotiate gas and oil agreements. It will be the first high-level visit by a Dutch official since Gadhafi took power in 1969.
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La Belle
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April 5, 1986
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April 5, 1986
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Gaddafi International Foundation for Charity Associations
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$35 million
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2003
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Said Abdulaati
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657.7 million euros
$805.7 million
German Federal Statistics Office
German
Libyan
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March
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Netherlands Netherlands_national_football_team Netherlands_national_cricket_team Royal_Dutch_Football_Association Netherlands_women's_national_football_team A1_Team_Netherlands Netherlands_women's_national_cricket_team Same-sex_marriage_in_the_Netherlands Netherlands_national_under-21_football_team Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands Netherlands_national_baseball_team List_of_non-marine_molluscs_of_the_Netherlands Dutch_Top_40 Netherlands_national_cerebral_palsy_football_team ISU_Junior_Grand_Prix_in_the_Netherlands Dutch_Republic
Economics
Economics Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences Economics_(textbook) Economy Economic_humanitarianism_(Raëlianism) Economics_(Aristotle) Outline_of_economics AP_Economics Bachelor_of_Economics Princeton_University_Department_of_Economics Federal_Ministry_for_Economic_Affairs_and_Energy Economist Economics_Network Mathematical_economics International_economics Islamic_economics
Economics Minister
Laurens Jan Brinkhorst
Laurens_Jan_Brinkhorst
Libya
Libya Libya_national_football_team Italian_Libya Ancient_Libya Kingdom_of_Libya Libyan_Football_Federation Libyan_Civil_War_(2011) History_of_Libya_under_Muammar_Gaddafi Libyan_Arab_Jamahiriya Libya_(mythology) Great_Socialist_People's_Libyan_Arab_Jamahiriya History_of_the_Jews_in_Libya Libyan_Civil_War_(2014–present) Flag_of_Libya Libya_national_basketball_team Libyan_Arab_Republic
Dutch
Gadhafi
Muammar_Gaddafi
1969
United States
United_States
topic::none type::entity type::gpe type::gpe0 type::location
European Union
European_Union
iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::entity type::igo type::organization type::so
Libya
Libya
slot::keyword topic::none type::entity type::gpe type::gpe0 type::location
German Embassy
slot::keyword type::entity type::facility type::location
Moammar Gadhafi
Muammar_Gaddafi
gender::male iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::entity type::head_of_state type::person type::politician
Said Abdulaati
gender::male iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::entity type::gov_per type::person
Bernd Westphal
gender::male iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::entity type::gov_per type::person
West
Western_world
topic::none type::entity type::location type::regio
La Belle
wikidata:Q28146472
type::entity type::facility type::location
Berlin
Berlin
topic::none type::entity type::gpe type::gpe2 type::location
April 5, 1986
topic::none type::time type::value
disco
topic::none type::role type::value
Middle East
Middle_East
topic::none type::entity type::location type::regio
Americans
topic::none type::gpe0-x type::other
Turkish
topic::none type::gpe0-x type::other
2001
topic::none type::time type::value
Libyan
topic::none type::gpe0-x type::other
1990
topic::none type::time type::value
Tripoli
Tripoli
topic::none type::entity type::gpe type::gpe2 type::location
2004
topic::none type::time type::value
Gaddafi International Foundation for Charity Associations
Gaddafi_International_Foundation_for_Charity_Associations
iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::entity type::organization type::politics_org
German
topic::none type::gpe0-x type::other
$35 million
topic::none type::money type::value
Germany
Germany
topic::none type::entity type::gpe type::gpe0 type::location
Gerhard Schröder
Gerhard_Schröder
gender::male iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::entity type::head_of_gov type::person type::politician
Bedouin
Bedouin
topic::none type::entity type::ethnicity
Britain
United_Kingdom
topic::none type::entity type::gpe type::gpe0 type::location
Prime Minister
topic::none type::role type::value
Tony Blair
Tony_Blair
gender::male iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::entity type::head_of_gov type::person type::politician
April 2004
topic::none type::time type::value
Brussels
Brussels
topic::none type::entity type::gpe type::gpe2 type::location
European
topic::none type::loc-x type::other
African
topic::none type::loc-x type::other
Washington
Washington,_D.C.
topic::none type::entity type::gpe type::gpe2 type::location
2003
topic::none type::time type::value
Africa
Africa
topic::none type::entity type::location type::regio
657.7 million euros
topic::none type::money type::value
$805.7 million
topic::none type::money type::value
German Federal Statistics Office
Federal_Statistical_Office_of_Germany
iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::agency type::entity type::governmental_organisation type::organization
Arab
Arabs
topic::none type::entity type::ethnicity
France
France
topic::none type::entity type::gpe type::gpe0 type::location
Public Works
iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::entity type::governmental_organisation type::ministry type::organization
Public Works Minister
topic::none type::role type::value
Maatuk Maatuk
gender::male iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::entity type::minister type::person type::politician
March
topic::none type::time type::value
Netherlands
Netherlands
topic::none type::entity type::gpe type::gpe0 type::location
Economics
Ministry_of_Economic_Affairs_and_Climate_Policy_(Netherlands)
iptc::11000000 policy::economy topic::politics type::entity type::governmental_organisation type::ministry type::organization
Economics Minister
topic::none type::role type::value
Laurens Jan Brinkhorst
Laurens_Jan_Brinkhorst
gender::male iptc::11000000 policy::economy topic::politics type::entity type::minister type::person type::politician
Dutch
topic::none type::gpe0-x type::other
1969
topic::none type::time type::value
Turkey
Belgium