Australia-Cambodia refugee resettlement deal slammed by rights groups
Australia and Cambodia signed a $35 million deal that will see an unknown number of refugees currently housed in Australia's offshore detention centers resettled in the impoverished Southeast Asian nation.
Cambodia's Deputy Prime Minister Sar Kheng and Australia's Immigration Minister Scott Morrison signed the agreement in Phnom Penh on Friday, September 26, in a four-minute-long ceremony that saw a tray of champagne flutes crash to the ground as they put pen to paper. After a brief round of applause from their respective entourages, both men ignored media questions and hurriedly left the room. The secretive agreement, which has been under negotiation since February, has been widely condemned by rights groups and others. The UN High Commissioner for Refugees António Guterres condemned the deal to resettle refugees from the Pacific island of Nauru to Cambodia, adding that he was "deeply concerned" at the precedent it set. "This is a worrying departure from international norms. We are seeing record forced displacement globally, with 87 percent of refugees now being hosted in developing countries. It is crucial that countries do not shift their refugee responsibilities elsewhere," he said. "International responsibility sharing is the basis on which the whole global refugee system works. I hope that the Australian government will reconsider its approach," Guterres added. A joint statement handed to the media after Friday's signing ceremony shed little new light on the issue beyond noting that Cambodia would decide when and how many refugees it would take, and stating that there would be an "initial trial arrangement with a small group of refugees, which will be followed by further resettlement in accordance with Cambodia's capacity." It reiterated that settlement would be "on a voluntary basis," a condition Phnom Penh has insisted upon. Earlier Morrison told Australia's ABC network that the deal provided a regional solution to a regional problem, and met the Abbott government's pledge that "no-one will be resettled in Australia." He also said there was no upper limit on the number of refugees who might be sent, adding that it currently applies to people at the detention centre on the Pacific island of Nauru. Around 200 of the more than 1,200 asylum seekers there have been classified as refugees. Australia has agreed to pay an additional 40 million AUD (35 million USD) in development aid over the next four years to Cambodia, which is considered one of the world's most corrupt countries, with the money purportedly earmarked for projects such as electoral reform, rice milling and land-mine clearance. Australia will also fund the costs of the resettlement process. But many aspects remain unknown, including how many refugees will come, where they will be housed, whether they will be allowed to work, and how they will access services in a country where provision of services is poor and government-sanctioned corruption is rife. Controversial The deal has proved highly controversial in Cambodia and abroad. In Phnom Penh on Friday morning, around 100 protestors petitioned the Australian embassy to scrap the agreement, saying Cambodia is too poor to help others. Speaking to reporters at the demonstration, opposition chief whip Son Chhay condemned the secrecy that surrounded the drafting process, and warned against using Cambodia "as a dumping ground for unwanted refugees" by using money to buy off "a corrupt government." "We believe that this deal not just violates the Refugee Convention, but it [allows] some countries who have money [to be] able to buy off their responsibility towards refugees," he said. "And [that] could create a bad habit for many countries to follow." Protester Son Chum Chuon said he was against the agreement because Cambodia lacks the capacity to handle the refugees and needs to sort out the entrenched problems facing its own people before it can assist others. "The human rights system [and] the democracy system in Cambodia [are] still poor. That is the reason that some demonstrators want to gather in front of the Australian embassy today," he said. "In future, if Cambodia [is] stable in democracy, stable in human rights, I am happy to see all those refugees. But now [I'm] not." Top secret The deal has been on the cards since February when the visiting Australian Foreign Minister Julie Bishop asked Cambodia to take in refugees. Both countries subsequently maintained a near-uniform silence on the proposal until Wednesday when Cambodia's Ministry of Foreign Affairs announced that Morrison would visit Phnom Penh to sign. In the face of withering criticism, the Abbott government, which was elected in part on the promise that it would not allow more boats carrying asylum seekers to land in Australia, says it wants a regional solution to the issue of asylum seekers, and holds that many of those trying to reach its shores are economic migrants. News of the signing has caused a storm of protest over the past two days. Opposition politicians in both countries have joined rights organizations, church groups and legal experts in condemnation. Alastair Nicholson, the former chief justice of Australia's Family Court, described the deal as "inappropriate, immoral and likely illegal," and said it raised serious concerns for the welfare of refugees and their children. Nicholson, who was speaking on behalf of an alliance of organizations including Amnesty International, the Refugee Council of Australia, and Save the Children, said Cambodia's welfare sector was already struggling. "It is inappropriate because Cambodia has no capacity within its social sector to take an influx of refugees," he said. "Immoral, because these vulnerable people are Australia's responsibility and, while we await the detail, it appears illegal in contravening Australia's humanitarian and refugee obligations to vulnerable children and families." Cambodia, one of the poorest countries in the world, already relies significantly on international donors to fund its social and welfare programmes. "When you choose to place refugee children in the care of a country already dependent on the international donor community for supporting its own children, you make a clear choice to put refugee children and their families at serious risk," Nicholson warned. 'Unsafe and ill-equipped' On Thursday, Human Rights Watch warned that Cambodia's poor record on refugees and on human rights meant Australia was failing to meet its commitment that it would send people to a "safe third country." "Australia's deal with Cambodia will send people to a country that has a terrible record for protecting refugees and is mired in serious human rights abuses," said HRW's Australia director Elaine Pearson. "Despite Canberra's claims, the reality is Cambodia is both unsafe and ill-equipped to handle large numbers of refugees who will be given one-way tickets to Phnom Penh." Cambodia has a poor record when it comes to asylum seekers. In 2009, for example, the country sent a group of 20 Uighur asylum seekers back to China (where HRW said they were jailed). Within days it had received a billion-dollar package of grants and loans from Beijing. According to UNHCR spokesperson Vivian Tan, Friday's deal meant Australia's international responsibilities towards refugees "are in question," adding that people "fleeing conflict and persecution deserve compassion and help." "UNHCR has always advocated that asylum-seekers should be processed and benefit from protection in the territory of the country where they arrive or which otherwise has jurisdiction over them," she said. "They should not be transferred to another country for asylum processing, and if recognized as refugees, relocated to yet another country for permanent settlement." Services lacking Much of Cambodia's infrastructure and social services remain in disarray after the destruction of the Khmer Rouge's 1975-79 rule, civil war, and underinvestment by the government. Mental health services, for instance, are practically non-existent outside Phnom Penh. In addition, there are few jobs, and education and healthcare are poor. Sister Denise Coghlan heads the Cambodian office of the Jesuit Refugee Service, which has operated here since 1990. Although Cambodia's willingness to take in refugees was "a good thing," she said the lack of mental health services is only one issue they will face. “[Cambodia's] capacity to accept people who have been severely traumatized both by the situation in their own country and by their treatment by the Australian government – first on places like Christmas Island and then Nauru – these people have now been left in a very traumatized and psychologically weak situation," she said. "The capacity of the mental health facilities in Cambodia to really cope with this kind of situation is pretty weak."
Australia
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$35 million
Australia
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Deputy Prime Minister
Sar Kheng
Sar_Kheng
Australia
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Immigration Minister
Scott Morrison
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Phnom Penh
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António Guterres
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Cambodia
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40 million AUD
35 million USD
Cambodia
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opposition chief whip
Son Chhay
Son_Chhay
Cambodia
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Protester
Son Chum Chuon
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Cambodia
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Australian
Cambodia
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February
Australian
Foreign Minister
Julie Bishop
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Wednesday
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Alastair Nicholson
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Australia
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Australia Australia_national_cricket_team Australia_national_rugby_union_team Australia_national_rugby_league_team Australia_national_soccer_team Rugby_Australia Australia_women's_national_cricket_team Australia_women's_national_soccer_team Australia_(2008_film) ARIA_Charts Australia_international_rules_football_team Football_Federation_Australia A1_Team_Australia Australia_Davis_Cup_team Australian_Recording_Industry_Association Kent_Music_Report
Australia
Australia Australia_national_cricket_team Australia_national_rugby_union_team Australia_national_rugby_league_team Australia_national_soccer_team Rugby_Australia Australia_women's_national_cricket_team Australia_women's_national_soccer_team Australia_(2008_film) ARIA_Charts Australia_international_rules_football_team Football_Federation_Australia A1_Team_Australia Australia_Davis_Cup_team Australian_Recording_Industry_Association Kent_Music_Report
Cambodia
Cambodia Cambodia_national_football_team Recognition_of_same-sex_unions_in_Cambodia Dark_ages_of_Cambodia Kingdom_of_Cambodia_(1953–70) Football_Federation_of_Cambodia French_Protectorate_of_Cambodia Cambodia_(song) Democratic_Kampuchea List_of_non-marine_molluscs_of_Cambodia Buddhism_in_Cambodia United_Nations_Transitional_Authority_in_Cambodia Football_in_Cambodia Cambodian_cuisine Elections_in_Cambodia Royal_Cambodian_Air_Force
Nicholson
Barry_Nicholson Nicholson,_Pennsylvania Nicholson_River_(Victoria) George_Nicholson_(horticulturist) Nicholson,_Georgia Andrew_Nicholson_(basketball) John_Nicholson_(racing_driver) Nicholson,_Victoria Seth_Barnes_Nicholson Nicholson,_Mississippi Paul_Nicholson_(darts_player) Shane_Nicholson Jimmy_Nicholson Nicholson_Street,_Melbourne Phil_Nicholson Nicholson_(lunar_crater)
Thursday
Human Rights Watch
Human_Rights_Watch
Cambodia
Cambodia Cambodia_national_football_team Recognition_of_same-sex_unions_in_Cambodia Dark_ages_of_Cambodia Kingdom_of_Cambodia_(1953–70) Football_Federation_of_Cambodia French_Protectorate_of_Cambodia Cambodia_(song) Democratic_Kampuchea List_of_non-marine_molluscs_of_Cambodia Buddhism_in_Cambodia United_Nations_Transitional_Authority_in_Cambodia Football_in_Cambodia Cambodian_cuisine Elections_in_Cambodia Royal_Cambodian_Air_Force
Australia
Australia Australia_national_cricket_team Australia_national_rugby_union_team Australia_national_rugby_league_team Australia_national_soccer_team Rugby_Australia Australia_women's_national_cricket_team Australia_women's_national_soccer_team Australia_(2008_film) ARIA_Charts Australia_international_rules_football_team Football_Federation_Australia A1_Team_Australia Australia_Davis_Cup_team Australian_Recording_Industry_Association Kent_Music_Report
Australia
Australia Australia_national_cricket_team Australia_national_rugby_union_team Australia_national_rugby_league_team Australia_national_soccer_team Rugby_Australia Australia_women's_national_cricket_team Australia_women's_national_soccer_team Australia_(2008_film) ARIA_Charts Australia_international_rules_football_team Football_Federation_Australia A1_Team_Australia Australia_Davis_Cup_team Australian_Recording_Industry_Association Kent_Music_Report
Cambodia
Cambodia Cambodia_national_football_team Recognition_of_same-sex_unions_in_Cambodia Dark_ages_of_Cambodia Kingdom_of_Cambodia_(1953–70) Football_Federation_of_Cambodia French_Protectorate_of_Cambodia Cambodia_(song) Democratic_Kampuchea List_of_non-marine_molluscs_of_Cambodia Buddhism_in_Cambodia United_Nations_Transitional_Authority_in_Cambodia Football_in_Cambodia Cambodian_cuisine Elections_in_Cambodia Royal_Cambodian_Air_Force
HRW
Human_Rights_Watch Horus Tangga_language
Australia
Australia Australia_national_cricket_team Australia_national_rugby_union_team Australia_national_rugby_league_team Australia_national_soccer_team Rugby_Australia Australia_women's_national_cricket_team Australia_women's_national_soccer_team Australia_(2008_film) ARIA_Charts Australia_international_rules_football_team Football_Federation_Australia A1_Team_Australia Australia_Davis_Cup_team Australian_Recording_Industry_Association Kent_Music_Report
director
Elaine Pearson
Canberra
Canberra Canberra_Raiders English_Electric_Canberra Division_of_Canberra Canberra_railway_station University_of_Canberra_Capitals Canberra_Football_Club Canberra_Knights Canberra_International Manuka_Oval SS_Canberra Canberra_Airport Canberra_FC Canberra_Roller_Derby_League 2007_Canberra_Raiders_season Division_of_Canberra_(Australian_Capital_Territory_House_of_Assembly)
Cambodia
Cambodia Cambodia_national_football_team Recognition_of_same-sex_unions_in_Cambodia Dark_ages_of_Cambodia Kingdom_of_Cambodia_(1953–70) Football_Federation_of_Cambodia French_Protectorate_of_Cambodia Cambodia_(song) Democratic_Kampuchea List_of_non-marine_molluscs_of_Cambodia Buddhism_in_Cambodia United_Nations_Transitional_Authority_in_Cambodia Football_in_Cambodia Cambodian_cuisine Elections_in_Cambodia Royal_Cambodian_Air_Force
Phnom Penh
Phnom_Penh Phnom_Penh_International_Airport Apostolic_Vicariate_of_Phnom_Penh Phnom_Penh_Olympic_Stadium Royal_railway_station_(Phnom_Penh) Phnom_Penh_(National_Assembly_constituency) Castile_and_León
Cambodia
Cambodia Cambodia_national_football_team Recognition_of_same-sex_unions_in_Cambodia Dark_ages_of_Cambodia Kingdom_of_Cambodia_(1953–70) Football_Federation_of_Cambodia French_Protectorate_of_Cambodia Cambodia_(song) Democratic_Kampuchea List_of_non-marine_molluscs_of_Cambodia Buddhism_in_Cambodia United_Nations_Transitional_Authority_in_Cambodia Football_in_Cambodia Cambodian_cuisine Elections_in_Cambodia Royal_Cambodian_Air_Force
2009
Uighur
Uyghurs Uyghur_language Uyghur_Khaganate Qocho Yugur Karluk_languages Music_of_Xinjiang Old_Turkic_language
China
China China_national_football_team Republic_of_China_(1912–1949) China_women's_national_football_team Qing_dynasty Chinese_Basketball_Association A1_Team_China Cinema_of_China China_men's_national_basketball_team History_of_China China_national_badminton_team Recognition_of_same-sex_unions_in_China Taiwan Chinese_Football_Association Porcelain China_national_baseball_team
HRW
Human_Rights_Watch Horus Tangga_language
Beijing
Beijing China_Open_(tennis) 2008_Summer_Olympics Beijing_National_Stadium Beijing_women's_volleyball_team Beijing_Subway Government_of_China Beijing_Capital_International_Airport Beijing_Sinobo_Guoan_F.C. Beijing_railway_station Beijing_Ducks Beijing_Lions Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Beijing 2013_China_Open_(tennis) 2014_China_Open_(tennis) Beijing_dialect
UNHCR
United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees_Representation_in_Cyprus Office_of_the_United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Human_Rights
spokesperson
Vivian Tan
Vivian_Tan
Friday
Australia
Australia Australia_national_cricket_team Australia_national_rugby_union_team Australia_national_rugby_league_team Australia_national_soccer_team Rugby_Australia Australia_women's_national_cricket_team Australia_women's_national_soccer_team Australia_(2008_film) ARIA_Charts Australia_international_rules_football_team Football_Federation_Australia A1_Team_Australia Australia_Davis_Cup_team Australian_Recording_Industry_Association Kent_Music_Report
UNHCR
United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees_Representation_in_Cyprus Office_of_the_United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Human_Rights
Cambodia
Cambodia Cambodia_national_football_team Recognition_of_same-sex_unions_in_Cambodia Dark_ages_of_Cambodia Kingdom_of_Cambodia_(1953–70) Football_Federation_of_Cambodia French_Protectorate_of_Cambodia Cambodia_(song) Democratic_Kampuchea List_of_non-marine_molluscs_of_Cambodia Buddhism_in_Cambodia United_Nations_Transitional_Authority_in_Cambodia Football_in_Cambodia Cambodian_cuisine Elections_in_Cambodia Royal_Cambodian_Air_Force
Khmer Rouge
Khmer_Rouge Khmer_Rouge_rule_of_Cambodia Cambodian–Vietnamese_War Phil_Shoenfelt Khmer_Rouge_Killing_Fields
1975-79
Phnom Penh
Phnom_Penh Phnom_Penh_International_Airport Apostolic_Vicariate_of_Phnom_Penh Phnom_Penh_Olympic_Stadium Royal_railway_station_(Phnom_Penh) Phnom_Penh_(National_Assembly_constituency) Castile_and_León
Sister
Denise Coghlan
Cambodian
Jesuit Refugee Service
Jesuit_Refugee_Service
1990
Cambodia
Cambodia Cambodia_national_football_team Recognition_of_same-sex_unions_in_Cambodia Dark_ages_of_Cambodia Kingdom_of_Cambodia_(1953–70) Football_Federation_of_Cambodia French_Protectorate_of_Cambodia Cambodia_(song) Democratic_Kampuchea List_of_non-marine_molluscs_of_Cambodia Buddhism_in_Cambodia United_Nations_Transitional_Authority_in_Cambodia Football_in_Cambodia Cambodian_cuisine Elections_in_Cambodia Royal_Cambodian_Air_Force
Cambodia
Cambodia Cambodia_national_football_team Recognition_of_same-sex_unions_in_Cambodia Dark_ages_of_Cambodia Kingdom_of_Cambodia_(1953–70) Football_Federation_of_Cambodia French_Protectorate_of_Cambodia Cambodia_(song) Democratic_Kampuchea List_of_non-marine_molluscs_of_Cambodia Buddhism_in_Cambodia United_Nations_Transitional_Authority_in_Cambodia Football_in_Cambodia Cambodian_cuisine Elections_in_Cambodia Royal_Cambodian_Air_Force
Australian
Christmas Island
Christmas_Island Kiritimati Christmas_Island,_Nova_Scotia Christmas_Island_(Jimmy_Buffett_album) Christmas_Island_(Andrew_Jackson_Jihad_album) Shire_of_Christmas_Island Christmas_Island_Immigration_Reception_and_Processing_Centre Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Christmas_Island List_of_birds_of_Christmas_Island Flag_of_Christmas_Island Women_in_Christmas_Island A_Question_of_Lust Christmas Battle_of_Christmas_Island Kiribati Christmas_Island_(Tasmania)
Nauru
Nauru Elections_in_Nauru Nauru_Regional_Processing_Centre Nauru_national_Australian_rules_football_team LGBT_rights_in_Nauru Military_of_Nauru Australian_rules_football_in_Nauru List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_Nauru Flag_of_Nauru Japanese_occupation_of_Nauru Economy_of_Nauru Rail_transport_in_Nauru List_of_political_parties_in_Nauru Geography_of_Nauru Nauru_at_the_2006_Commonwealth_Games History_of_Nauru
Cambodia
Cambodia Cambodia_national_football_team Recognition_of_same-sex_unions_in_Cambodia Dark_ages_of_Cambodia Kingdom_of_Cambodia_(1953–70) Football_Federation_of_Cambodia French_Protectorate_of_Cambodia Cambodia_(song) Democratic_Kampuchea List_of_non-marine_molluscs_of_Cambodia Buddhism_in_Cambodia United_Nations_Transitional_Authority_in_Cambodia Football_in_Cambodia Cambodian_cuisine Elections_in_Cambodia Royal_Cambodian_Air_Force
Human Rights Watch
Human_Rights_Watch
iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::entity type::ngo type::organization
Australia
Australia
slot::keyword topic::none type::entity type::gpe type::gpe0 type::location
Cambodia
Cambodia
slot::keyword topic::none type::entity type::gpe type::gpe0 type::location
Sar Kheng
Sar_Kheng
gender::male iptc::11000000 slot::keyword topic::politics type::entity type::minister type::person type::politician
Scott Morrison
Scott_Morrison
gender::male iptc::11000000 policy::immigration slot::keyword topic::politics type::entity type::minister type::person type::politician
Phnom Penh
Phnom_Penh
slot::keyword topic::none type::entity type::gpe type::gpe2 type::location
António Guterres
António_Guterres
gender::male iptc::11000000 slot::keyword topic::politics type::entity type::person type::politics_per
Alastair Nicholson
Alastair_Nicholson
gender::male iptc::02000000 topic::justice type::entity type::justice_per type::person
$35 million
topic::none type::money type::value
Southeast Asian
topic::none type::loc-x type::other
Deputy Prime Minister
topic::none type::role type::value
Immigration Minister
topic::none type::role type::value
Friday
topic::none type::time type::value
September 26
topic::none type::time type::value
February
topic::none type::time type::value
UN
United_Nations
iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::entity type::igo type::organization
High Commissioner for Refugees
topic::none type::role type::value
Pacific
Pacific_Ocean
topic::none type::entity type::location type::waterbody
Nauru
Nauru
type::entity type::island type::location
Australian
topic::none type::gpe0-x type::other
ABC
Australian_Broadcasting_Corporation
topic::media type::entity type::media type::organization
Abbott
Tony_Abbott
gender::male iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::entity type::head_of_gov type::person type::politician
40 million AUD
topic::none type::money type::value
35 million USD
topic::none type::money type::value
opposition chief whip
topic::none type::role type::value
Son Chhay
Son_Chhay
gender::male iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::entity type::person type::politician
Refugee Convention
Convention_Relating_to_the_Status_of_Refugees
iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::entity type::misc type::treaty
Protester
topic::none type::role type::value
Son Chum Chuon
gender::male iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::activist type::entity type::person
Foreign Minister
topic::none type::role type::value
Julie Bishop
Julie_Bishop
gender::female iptc::11000000 policy::exterior topic::politics type::entity type::minister type::person type::politician
Wednesday
topic::none type::time type::value
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_International_Cooperation_(Cambodia)
iptc::11000000 policy::exterior topic::politics type::entity type::governmental_organisation type::ministry type::organization
Family Court
Family_Court_of_Australia
iptc::02000000 topic::justice type::court type::entity type::organization
Amnesty International
Amnesty_International
iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::entity type::ngo type::organization
Refugee Council of Australia
iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::entity type::ngo type::organization
Save the Children
Save_the_Children
iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::entity type::ngo type::organization
Thursday
topic::none type::time type::value
director
topic::none type::role type::value
Elaine Pearson
wikidata:Q28969218
gender::female iptc::11000000 slot::head topic::politics type::activist type::entity type::person
Canberra
Canberra
topic::none type::entity type::gpe type::gpe2 type::location
2009
topic::none type::time type::value
Uighur
Uyghurs
topic::none type::entity type::ethnicity
China
China
topic::none type::entity type::gpe type::gpe0 type::location
Beijing
Beijing
topic::none type::entity type::gpe type::gpe2 type::location
UNHCR
United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees
iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::entity type::igo type::organization
spokesperson
topic::none type::role type::value
Vivian Tan
gender::female iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::entity type::person type::politics_per
Khmer Rouge
Khmer_Rouge
iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::entity type::organization type::party
1975-79
topic::none type::time type::value
Sister
topic::none type::role type::value
Denise Coghlan
gender::female iptc::12000000 topic::religion type::clergy type::entity type::person
Cambodian
topic::none type::gpe0-x type::other
Jesuit Refugee Service
Jesuit_Refugee_Service
iptc::12000000 topic::religion type::entity type::organization type::religion_org
1990
topic::none type::time type::value
Christmas Island
Christmas_Island
type::entity type::island type::location