Curiosity lands on Mars to cheers on Earth
NASA’s Mars rover has landed successfully after surviving a complicated landing dubbed the seven minutes of terror. It will spend one Mars year searching for evidence of life.
At 07:31 on August 6, Central European Time, after a journey of more than eight months and 500 million kilometers, NASA's Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) - also known as Curiosity - landed successfully on the Red Planet. Shouts of delight erupted simultaneously from the NASA live feed and inside the European Space Agency, the ESA's operations center, where scientists and researchers had gathered to witness the event. At NASA's request, the Mars Express, which is controlled by ESA in Darmstadt, had been moved into position to observe the landing. The spacecraft has remained in orbit around Mars since December 2003, when ESA's Beagle 2 landing failed. The Curiosity landing was dubbed the "seven minutes of terror" because ground control had to endure an agonizing seven minutes of radio communication silence after the craft entered the planet's atmosphere before it knew whether it had landed successfully. Mark McCaughrean, ESA's Head of Research and Science Support, explains that touchdown is the moment when everything can go horribly wrong - and has done for other missions in the past. "Lots of money and lots of time have gone into trying to do as much testing as possible, but in the end it came down to those seven minutes," says McCaughrean. There is also a 14-minute delay relaying images back to earth, which meant that Curiosity had already been on the surface of Mars for seven minutes when NASA received the information that the landing capsule had entered the planet's atmosphere. It wasn't long, though, before Curiosity relayed its first thumbnail photo via NASA's Odyssey satellite - the first of many. The high definition picture shows the back of Curiosity, wheels down, with the horizon of Mars in the background. A second image shows the view in opposite direction, with Curiosity's shadow against the surface. Curiosity is NASA's most challenging planetary science mission to date. Weighing one ton, Curiosity is the biggest and best-equipped rover ever to head to another planet. It's packed with laboratory equipment and will spend the next 686 days - that's one Mars year - searching for evidence that there was once life on the Red Planet. Of all the planets, Mars is the most similar to Earth. But it has gained a reputation as the Bermuda Triangle of the solar system. The first attempt to explore Mars was made by the Soviets in 1960, and since then the US, Europe, Russia and Japan have between them launched a total of 40 missions. But more than half have crashed, malfunctioned, or simply disappeared. As ESA's Mark McCaughrean points out, this was a very challenging mission. "Mars has eaten up lots of spacecraft in the past with even lower technology systems," says McCaughrean. "I think we should be really proud of what they've done at NASA to put that system together, and I'm excited about what comes next, which is doing the science." Over the next two Earth-years, Curiosity will explore Gale Crater, its landing site, to determine whether the atmosphere on Mars was ever capable of sustaining life - or perhaps still is, even if only at a microbial level. The crater is 155 kilometers (96 miles) wide. Data supplied by Mars orbiters has led scientists to believe that the surface of Mars was shaped by flowing water, a prerequisite for the existence of life forms. The geology of Gale Crater with its erosion patterns also suggests traces of water. Thomas Reiter, ESA's Director for Human Spaceflight and Operations, says he believes it's just a question of time before they find evidence of life on Mars. "Hopefully [it'll be] now, with Curiosity," says Reiter. "But we can't be sure. It might be the next mission. Maybe ExoMars [ESA's own Mars exploration program] will bring the final evidence for it." Mars has two polar ice caps composed of frozen CO2 and frozen water. There are also indications that liquid water may also be present, as images from NASA's Phoenix lander have shown what appear to be droplets. Mark McCaughrean of ESA's research division says Curiosity's work at Gale Crater will be different from that of other Mars rovers - Spirit and Opportunity - which have operated in different locations. "They've gone into a very exciting place with a lot of different geology in a very small area," says McCaughrean. "Gale [Crater] has this kind of treasure chest of minerals. In the past, Spirit and Opportunity have been to locations where there was more or less one thing going on. Gale has a lot going on in one location." The new rover will be looking for organic compounds, as well as nitrogen, carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, sulfur and phosphorus. The scientists want to analyze isotopes and minerals on Mars to learn how the planet's atmosphere has developed over the past four billion years. McCaughrean says ESA scientists will be on the edge of their seats as they wait for the data to come in from NASA. "We've seen some of the other pictures come back already this morning," he says. "But when the science starts and the big main camera deploys and the first panoramas [come in], I think this is going to be something quite special." The rover is not due to move for another week. But Manfred Warhaut, Head of ESA's Mission Operations Department, believes the information Curiosity will eventually provide will bring the international space community closer together. "Today is a very big day for space," Warhaut said, adding that ESA feels emotionally involved in NASA's success. "We have successfully landed, but the data that we have received so far indicates that also the forthcoming science mission for the next 26 months will be more rewarding for NASA." Warhaut hopes the successful landing will encourage NASA to revive its cooperation with ESA's ExoMars program from which it withdrew earlier this year because of budgetary cuts. But as Curiosity has already cost far more than envisaged - at $2.5 billion (2.1 billion euros) - and it's likely that NASA will want to get its money's worth from the project before it shares the spoils.
Curiosity
Curiosity_(rover) Curiosity Curiosity_(TV_series) Curiosity_(EP) Curiosity_(Carly_Rae_Jepsen_song) Curiosity_(The_Jets_song) Mars_Science_Laboratory Curiosity_(Wampire_album) Curiosity_Killed_the_Cat Curiosity_(2009_film) Curiosity:_What's_Inside_the_Cube? Curiosity_(1967_film) Curiosity_(website)
Mars
Mars Mars_(mythology) Mars,_Incorporated Mars_(astrology) Cheung_Wing_Fat Mid-Atlantic_Regional_Spaceport Mars_(band) Mars_(Philippine_talk_show) Mars_(2016_TV_series) Mars,_Pennsylvania Mars_(rapper) Mars_(chocolate_bar) Mars_in_fiction Colonization_of_Mars Mars_(manga) Mars_(Doctor_Who)
Earth
Earth Earth_(classical_element) Earth_(American_band) Earth_(1998_film) Earth_(Wu_Xing) Earth_science Earth_(2007_film) Soil Earth_(1930_film) Earth_(Noon_Universe) Earth_(Babylon_5) Embankment_dam Ground_(electricity) Earth_(Jefferson_Starship_album) Earth_in_science_fiction Earth_(Foundation_universe)
NASA
NASA N.A.S.A._(musical_group) National_Auto_Sport_Association PhilSports_Arena Gesiel_José_de_Lima The_Spirit_of_Apollo NASA_(Swedish_band) Johnson_Space_Center Paez_people National_Super_Alliance Goddard_Space_Flight_Center Marcos_Antonio_García_Nascimento Langley_Research_Center NASA_insignia Na_(cuneiform) Discovery_Program
Mars
Mars Mars_(mythology) Mars,_Incorporated Mars_(astrology) Cheung_Wing_Fat Mid-Atlantic_Regional_Spaceport Mars_(band) Mars_(Philippine_talk_show) Mars_(2016_TV_series) Mars,_Pennsylvania Mars_(rapper) Mars_(chocolate_bar) Mars_in_fiction Colonization_of_Mars Mars_(manga) Mars_(Doctor_Who)
Mars
Mars Mars_(mythology) Mars,_Incorporated Mars_(astrology) Cheung_Wing_Fat Mid-Atlantic_Regional_Spaceport Mars_(band) Mars_(Philippine_talk_show) Mars_(2016_TV_series) Mars,_Pennsylvania Mars_(rapper) Mars_(chocolate_bar) Mars_in_fiction Colonization_of_Mars Mars_(manga) Mars_(Doctor_Who)
07:31 on August 6, Central European Time
NASA
NASA N.A.S.A._(musical_group) National_Auto_Sport_Association PhilSports_Arena Gesiel_José_de_Lima The_Spirit_of_Apollo NASA_(Swedish_band) Johnson_Space_Center Paez_people National_Super_Alliance Goddard_Space_Flight_Center Marcos_Antonio_García_Nascimento Langley_Research_Center NASA_insignia Na_(cuneiform) Discovery_Program
Mars Science Laboratory
Mars_Science_Laboratory Curiosity_(rover)
MSL
Sea_level Major_Series_Lacrosse Mars_Science_Laboratory MBCGame_StarCraft_League Master_of_Studies_in_Law Major_Indoor_Soccer_League_(1978–92) HNŠK_Moslavina Malaysia_Super_League Metres_above_sea_level Altitude Flight_level 2017_Malaysia_Super_League 2016_Malaysia_Super_League Atmospheric_pressure SIM_lock Molof_language
Curiosity
Curiosity_(rover) Curiosity Curiosity_(TV_series) Curiosity_(EP) Curiosity_(Carly_Rae_Jepsen_song) Curiosity_(The_Jets_song) Mars_Science_Laboratory Curiosity_(Wampire_album) Curiosity_Killed_the_Cat Curiosity_(2009_film) Curiosity:_What's_Inside_the_Cube? Curiosity_(1967_film) Curiosity_(website)
Red Planet
Red_Planet_(film) Red_Planet_(novel) Red_Planet_(miniseries) Mars DNA_(Little_Mix_album)
NASA
NASA N.A.S.A._(musical_group) National_Auto_Sport_Association PhilSports_Arena Gesiel_José_de_Lima The_Spirit_of_Apollo NASA_(Swedish_band) Johnson_Space_Center Paez_people National_Super_Alliance Goddard_Space_Flight_Center Marcos_Antonio_García_Nascimento Langley_Research_Center NASA_insignia Na_(cuneiform) Discovery_Program
European Space Agency
European_Space_Agency List_of_interstellar_radio_messages European_Astronaut_Corps ESADE ESTRACK
ESA
European_Space_Agency Environmentally_sensitive_area Esteghlal_Ahvaz_F.C. Endangered_Species_Act_of_1973 El_Salvador_Fed_Cup_team Entertainment_Software_Association Employment_and_Support_Allowance Eight_Schools_Association Eastern_Sports_Association Greek_Military_Police Ecological_Society_of_America Electrostatic_analyzer MVS/ESA Secret_Anti-Communist_Army IBM_System/390 Sonex_Electric_Sport_Aircraft
NASA
NASA N.A.S.A._(musical_group) National_Auto_Sport_Association PhilSports_Arena Gesiel_José_de_Lima The_Spirit_of_Apollo NASA_(Swedish_band) Johnson_Space_Center Paez_people National_Super_Alliance Goddard_Space_Flight_Center Marcos_Antonio_García_Nascimento Langley_Research_Center NASA_insignia Na_(cuneiform) Discovery_Program
Mars Express
Mars_Express
ESA
European_Space_Agency Environmentally_sensitive_area Esteghlal_Ahvaz_F.C. Endangered_Species_Act_of_1973 El_Salvador_Fed_Cup_team Entertainment_Software_Association Employment_and_Support_Allowance Eight_Schools_Association Eastern_Sports_Association Greek_Military_Police Ecological_Society_of_America Electrostatic_analyzer MVS/ESA Secret_Anti-Communist_Army IBM_System/390 Sonex_Electric_Sport_Aircraft
Darmstadt
Darmstadt Darmstadt_Hauptbahnhof Darmstadt_(region) SV_Darmstadt_98 Darmstadt_School Darmstadt,_Indiana Technische_Universität_Darmstadt Bombing_of_Darmstadt_in_World_War_II Darmstadt,_Illinois Darmstadt_(song) Hessian_State_Library Akaflieg_Darmstadt_D-17_Darmstadt Trams_in_Darmstadt Staatstheater_Darmstadt
Mars
Mars Mars_(mythology) Mars,_Incorporated Mars_(astrology) Cheung_Wing_Fat Mid-Atlantic_Regional_Spaceport Mars_(band) Mars_(Philippine_talk_show) Mars_(2016_TV_series) Mars,_Pennsylvania Mars_(rapper) Mars_(chocolate_bar) Mars_in_fiction Colonization_of_Mars Mars_(manga) Mars_(Doctor_Who)
December 2003
ESA
European_Space_Agency Environmentally_sensitive_area Esteghlal_Ahvaz_F.C. Endangered_Species_Act_of_1973 El_Salvador_Fed_Cup_team Entertainment_Software_Association Employment_and_Support_Allowance Eight_Schools_Association Eastern_Sports_Association Greek_Military_Police Ecological_Society_of_America Electrostatic_analyzer MVS/ESA Secret_Anti-Communist_Army IBM_System/390 Sonex_Electric_Sport_Aircraft
Beagle 2
Beagle_2
Curiosity
Curiosity_(rover) Curiosity Curiosity_(TV_series) Curiosity_(EP) Curiosity_(Carly_Rae_Jepsen_song) Curiosity_(The_Jets_song) Mars_Science_Laboratory Curiosity_(Wampire_album) Curiosity_Killed_the_Cat Curiosity_(2009_film) Curiosity:_What's_Inside_the_Cube? Curiosity_(1967_film) Curiosity_(website)
Mark McCaughrean
ESA
European_Space_Agency Environmentally_sensitive_area Esteghlal_Ahvaz_F.C. Endangered_Species_Act_of_1973 El_Salvador_Fed_Cup_team Entertainment_Software_Association Employment_and_Support_Allowance Eight_Schools_Association Eastern_Sports_Association Greek_Military_Police Ecological_Society_of_America Electrostatic_analyzer MVS/ESA Secret_Anti-Communist_Army IBM_System/390 Sonex_Electric_Sport_Aircraft
Head of Research and Science Support
McCaughrean
Curiosity
Curiosity_(rover) Curiosity Curiosity_(TV_series) Curiosity_(EP) Curiosity_(Carly_Rae_Jepsen_song) Curiosity_(The_Jets_song) Mars_Science_Laboratory Curiosity_(Wampire_album) Curiosity_Killed_the_Cat Curiosity_(2009_film) Curiosity:_What's_Inside_the_Cube? Curiosity_(1967_film) Curiosity_(website)
Mars
Mars Mars_(mythology) Mars,_Incorporated Mars_(astrology) Cheung_Wing_Fat Mid-Atlantic_Regional_Spaceport Mars_(band) Mars_(Philippine_talk_show) Mars_(2016_TV_series) Mars,_Pennsylvania Mars_(rapper) Mars_(chocolate_bar) Mars_in_fiction Colonization_of_Mars Mars_(manga) Mars_(Doctor_Who)
NASA
NASA N.A.S.A._(musical_group) National_Auto_Sport_Association PhilSports_Arena Gesiel_José_de_Lima The_Spirit_of_Apollo NASA_(Swedish_band) Johnson_Space_Center Paez_people National_Super_Alliance Goddard_Space_Flight_Center Marcos_Antonio_García_Nascimento Langley_Research_Center NASA_insignia Na_(cuneiform) Discovery_Program
Curiosity
Curiosity_(rover) Curiosity Curiosity_(TV_series) Curiosity_(EP) Curiosity_(Carly_Rae_Jepsen_song) Curiosity_(The_Jets_song) Mars_Science_Laboratory Curiosity_(Wampire_album) Curiosity_Killed_the_Cat Curiosity_(2009_film) Curiosity:_What's_Inside_the_Cube? Curiosity_(1967_film) Curiosity_(website)
NASA
NASA N.A.S.A._(musical_group) National_Auto_Sport_Association PhilSports_Arena Gesiel_José_de_Lima The_Spirit_of_Apollo NASA_(Swedish_band) Johnson_Space_Center Paez_people National_Super_Alliance Goddard_Space_Flight_Center Marcos_Antonio_García_Nascimento Langley_Research_Center NASA_insignia Na_(cuneiform) Discovery_Program
Odyssey
Odyssey Odyssey_(band) Honda_Odyssey_(North_America) Odyssey_(Magic:_The_Gathering) Odyssey_(Yngwie_Malmsteen_album) Odyssey_(Hayley_Westenra_album) Odyssey_(Belfast) Odyssey_(Fischerspooner_album) Magnavox_Odyssey Odyssey_(Stargate) Odyssey_(launch_platform) Odyssey_(James_Blood_Ulmer_album) Odyssey_(Terje_Rypdal_album) Odyssey_(publication) Odyssey_(TV_channel) Hallmark_Channel
Curiosity
Curiosity_(rover) Curiosity Curiosity_(TV_series) Curiosity_(EP) Curiosity_(Carly_Rae_Jepsen_song) Curiosity_(The_Jets_song) Mars_Science_Laboratory Curiosity_(Wampire_album) Curiosity_Killed_the_Cat Curiosity_(2009_film) Curiosity:_What's_Inside_the_Cube? Curiosity_(1967_film) Curiosity_(website)
Mars
Mars Mars_(mythology) Mars,_Incorporated Mars_(astrology) Cheung_Wing_Fat Mid-Atlantic_Regional_Spaceport Mars_(band) Mars_(Philippine_talk_show) Mars_(2016_TV_series) Mars,_Pennsylvania Mars_(rapper) Mars_(chocolate_bar) Mars_in_fiction Colonization_of_Mars Mars_(manga) Mars_(Doctor_Who)
Curiosity
Curiosity_(rover) Curiosity Curiosity_(TV_series) Curiosity_(EP) Curiosity_(Carly_Rae_Jepsen_song) Curiosity_(The_Jets_song) Mars_Science_Laboratory Curiosity_(Wampire_album) Curiosity_Killed_the_Cat Curiosity_(2009_film) Curiosity:_What's_Inside_the_Cube? Curiosity_(1967_film) Curiosity_(website)
Curiosity
Curiosity_(rover) Curiosity Curiosity_(TV_series) Curiosity_(EP) Curiosity_(Carly_Rae_Jepsen_song) Curiosity_(The_Jets_song) Mars_Science_Laboratory Curiosity_(Wampire_album) Curiosity_Killed_the_Cat Curiosity_(2009_film) Curiosity:_What's_Inside_the_Cube? Curiosity_(1967_film) Curiosity_(website)
NASA
NASA N.A.S.A._(musical_group) National_Auto_Sport_Association PhilSports_Arena Gesiel_José_de_Lima The_Spirit_of_Apollo NASA_(Swedish_band) Johnson_Space_Center Paez_people National_Super_Alliance Goddard_Space_Flight_Center Marcos_Antonio_García_Nascimento Langley_Research_Center NASA_insignia Na_(cuneiform) Discovery_Program
Curiosity
Curiosity_(rover) Curiosity Curiosity_(TV_series) Curiosity_(EP) Curiosity_(Carly_Rae_Jepsen_song) Curiosity_(The_Jets_song) Mars_Science_Laboratory Curiosity_(Wampire_album) Curiosity_Killed_the_Cat Curiosity_(2009_film) Curiosity:_What's_Inside_the_Cube? Curiosity_(1967_film) Curiosity_(website)
Mars
Mars Mars_(mythology) Mars,_Incorporated Mars_(astrology) Cheung_Wing_Fat Mid-Atlantic_Regional_Spaceport Mars_(band) Mars_(Philippine_talk_show) Mars_(2016_TV_series) Mars,_Pennsylvania Mars_(rapper) Mars_(chocolate_bar) Mars_in_fiction Colonization_of_Mars Mars_(manga) Mars_(Doctor_Who)
Red Planet
Red_Planet_(film) Red_Planet_(novel) Red_Planet_(miniseries) Mars DNA_(Little_Mix_album)
Mars
Mars Mars_(mythology) Mars,_Incorporated Mars_(astrology) Cheung_Wing_Fat Mid-Atlantic_Regional_Spaceport Mars_(band) Mars_(Philippine_talk_show) Mars_(2016_TV_series) Mars,_Pennsylvania Mars_(rapper) Mars_(chocolate_bar) Mars_in_fiction Colonization_of_Mars Mars_(manga) Mars_(Doctor_Who)
Earth
Earth Earth_(classical_element) Earth_(American_band) Earth_(1998_film) Earth_(Wu_Xing) Earth_science Earth_(2007_film) Soil Earth_(1930_film) Earth_(Noon_Universe) Earth_(Babylon_5) Embankment_dam Ground_(electricity) Earth_(Jefferson_Starship_album) Earth_in_science_fiction Earth_(Foundation_universe)
Bermuda Triangle
Bermuda_Triangle Bermuda_Triangle_(Sea_World) Bermuda_Triangle_(Buckethead_album) Bermuda_Triangle_(video_game) Bermuda_Triangle_(song) Robin_101
Mars
Mars Mars_(mythology) Mars,_Incorporated Mars_(astrology) Cheung_Wing_Fat Mid-Atlantic_Regional_Spaceport Mars_(band) Mars_(Philippine_talk_show) Mars_(2016_TV_series) Mars,_Pennsylvania Mars_(rapper) Mars_(chocolate_bar) Mars_in_fiction Colonization_of_Mars Mars_(manga) Mars_(Doctor_Who)
Soviets
1960
US
United_States Billboard_200 Billboard_Hot_100 Recording_Industry_Association_of_America United_States_dollar Nielsen_SoundScan Billboard_charts Hot_Country_Songs Unincorporated_territories_of_the_United_States Billboard_(magazine) Dance_Club_Songs Federal_government_of_the_United_States American_English RIAA_Certification .us Us_(Peter_Gabriel_album)
Europe
Europe UEFA Europe_(band) UEFA_competitions European_Athletic_Association European_theatre_of_World_War_II European_Union Europe_(dinghy) European_Cricket_Council UEFA_Champions_League Senior_League_World_Series_(Europe–Africa_Region) Big_League_World_Series_(Europe–Africa_Region) Sailing_at_the_2004_Summer_Olympics_–_Europe Neolithic_Europe History_of_Europe Europe_(magazine)
Russia
Russia Russian_Empire Russia_national_football_team Russia_men's_national_ice_hockey_team Russia_men's_national_junior_ice_hockey_team Tsardom_of_Russia Russia_national_rugby_union_team Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic Russian_Football_Union Russia_women's_national_football_team Russia_national_basketball_team Russia_national_rugby_league_team Russia_Fed_Cup_team Russia_national_cerebral_palsy_football_team Russia_national_handball_team Russia_Davis_Cup_team
Japan
Japan Japan_national_football_team Empire_of_Japan Japan_national_rugby_union_team Japan_women's_national_football_team Japan_Football_Association Japan_(band) Japan_national_baseball_team ISU_Junior_Grand_Prix_in_Japan Cinema_of_Japan Recognition_of_same-sex_unions_in_Japan Tokugawa_shogunate Elections_in_Japan List_of_non-marine_molluscs_of_Japan Japan_national_under-23_football_team Japan_national_basketball_team
ESA
European_Space_Agency Environmentally_sensitive_area Esteghlal_Ahvaz_F.C. Endangered_Species_Act_of_1973 El_Salvador_Fed_Cup_team Entertainment_Software_Association Employment_and_Support_Allowance Eight_Schools_Association Eastern_Sports_Association Greek_Military_Police Ecological_Society_of_America Electrostatic_analyzer MVS/ESA Secret_Anti-Communist_Army IBM_System/390 Sonex_Electric_Sport_Aircraft
Mark McCaughrean
Mars
Mars Mars_(mythology) Mars,_Incorporated Mars_(astrology) Cheung_Wing_Fat Mid-Atlantic_Regional_Spaceport Mars_(band) Mars_(Philippine_talk_show) Mars_(2016_TV_series) Mars,_Pennsylvania Mars_(rapper) Mars_(chocolate_bar) Mars_in_fiction Colonization_of_Mars Mars_(manga) Mars_(Doctor_Who)
McCaughrean
NASA
NASA N.A.S.A._(musical_group) National_Auto_Sport_Association PhilSports_Arena Gesiel_José_de_Lima The_Spirit_of_Apollo NASA_(Swedish_band) Johnson_Space_Center Paez_people National_Super_Alliance Goddard_Space_Flight_Center Marcos_Antonio_García_Nascimento Langley_Research_Center NASA_insignia Na_(cuneiform) Discovery_Program
Earth
Earth Earth_(classical_element) Earth_(American_band) Earth_(1998_film) Earth_(Wu_Xing) Earth_science Earth_(2007_film) Soil Earth_(1930_film) Earth_(Noon_Universe) Earth_(Babylon_5) Embankment_dam Ground_(electricity) Earth_(Jefferson_Starship_album) Earth_in_science_fiction Earth_(Foundation_universe)
Curiosity
Curiosity_(rover) Curiosity Curiosity_(TV_series) Curiosity_(EP) Curiosity_(Carly_Rae_Jepsen_song) Curiosity_(The_Jets_song) Mars_Science_Laboratory Curiosity_(Wampire_album) Curiosity_Killed_the_Cat Curiosity_(2009_film) Curiosity:_What's_Inside_the_Cube? Curiosity_(1967_film) Curiosity_(website)
Gale Crater
Gale_(crater)
Mars
Mars Mars_(mythology) Mars,_Incorporated Mars_(astrology) Cheung_Wing_Fat Mid-Atlantic_Regional_Spaceport Mars_(band) Mars_(Philippine_talk_show) Mars_(2016_TV_series) Mars,_Pennsylvania Mars_(rapper) Mars_(chocolate_bar) Mars_in_fiction Colonization_of_Mars Mars_(manga) Mars_(Doctor_Who)
Mars
Mars Mars_(mythology) Mars,_Incorporated Mars_(astrology) Cheung_Wing_Fat Mid-Atlantic_Regional_Spaceport Mars_(band) Mars_(Philippine_talk_show) Mars_(2016_TV_series) Mars,_Pennsylvania Mars_(rapper) Mars_(chocolate_bar) Mars_in_fiction Colonization_of_Mars Mars_(manga) Mars_(Doctor_Who)
Mars
Mars Mars_(mythology) Mars,_Incorporated Mars_(astrology) Cheung_Wing_Fat Mid-Atlantic_Regional_Spaceport Mars_(band) Mars_(Philippine_talk_show) Mars_(2016_TV_series) Mars,_Pennsylvania Mars_(rapper) Mars_(chocolate_bar) Mars_in_fiction Colonization_of_Mars Mars_(manga) Mars_(Doctor_Who)
Gale Crater
Gale_(crater)
Thomas Reiter
Thomas_Reiter
ESA
European_Space_Agency Environmentally_sensitive_area Esteghlal_Ahvaz_F.C. Endangered_Species_Act_of_1973 El_Salvador_Fed_Cup_team Entertainment_Software_Association Employment_and_Support_Allowance Eight_Schools_Association Eastern_Sports_Association Greek_Military_Police Ecological_Society_of_America Electrostatic_analyzer MVS/ESA Secret_Anti-Communist_Army IBM_System/390 Sonex_Electric_Sport_Aircraft
Director for Human Spaceflight and Operations
Mars
Mars Mars_(mythology) Mars,_Incorporated Mars_(astrology) Cheung_Wing_Fat Mid-Atlantic_Regional_Spaceport Mars_(band) Mars_(Philippine_talk_show) Mars_(2016_TV_series) Mars,_Pennsylvania Mars_(rapper) Mars_(chocolate_bar) Mars_in_fiction Colonization_of_Mars Mars_(manga) Mars_(Doctor_Who)
Curiosity
Curiosity_(rover) Curiosity Curiosity_(TV_series) Curiosity_(EP) Curiosity_(Carly_Rae_Jepsen_song) Curiosity_(The_Jets_song) Mars_Science_Laboratory Curiosity_(Wampire_album) Curiosity_Killed_the_Cat Curiosity_(2009_film) Curiosity:_What's_Inside_the_Cube? Curiosity_(1967_film) Curiosity_(website)
Reiter
Reiter_Engineering Reiter Thomas_Reiter Philipp_Reiter Reiter_(surname) Markus_Reiter Reiter_(disambiguation) Miles_Reiter Dan_Reiter Jim_Reiter Raymond_Reiter
ExoMars
ExoMars ExoMars_(rover)
ESA
European_Space_Agency Environmentally_sensitive_area Esteghlal_Ahvaz_F.C. Endangered_Species_Act_of_1973 El_Salvador_Fed_Cup_team Entertainment_Software_Association Employment_and_Support_Allowance Eight_Schools_Association Eastern_Sports_Association Greek_Military_Police Ecological_Society_of_America Electrostatic_analyzer MVS/ESA Secret_Anti-Communist_Army IBM_System/390 Sonex_Electric_Sport_Aircraft
Mars
Mars Mars_(mythology) Mars,_Incorporated Mars_(astrology) Cheung_Wing_Fat Mid-Atlantic_Regional_Spaceport Mars_(band) Mars_(Philippine_talk_show) Mars_(2016_TV_series) Mars,_Pennsylvania Mars_(rapper) Mars_(chocolate_bar) Mars_in_fiction Colonization_of_Mars Mars_(manga) Mars_(Doctor_Who)
Mars
Mars Mars_(mythology) Mars,_Incorporated Mars_(astrology) Cheung_Wing_Fat Mid-Atlantic_Regional_Spaceport Mars_(band) Mars_(Philippine_talk_show) Mars_(2016_TV_series) Mars,_Pennsylvania Mars_(rapper) Mars_(chocolate_bar) Mars_in_fiction Colonization_of_Mars Mars_(manga) Mars_(Doctor_Who)
NASA
NASA N.A.S.A._(musical_group) National_Auto_Sport_Association PhilSports_Arena Gesiel_José_de_Lima The_Spirit_of_Apollo NASA_(Swedish_band) Johnson_Space_Center Paez_people National_Super_Alliance Goddard_Space_Flight_Center Marcos_Antonio_García_Nascimento Langley_Research_Center NASA_insignia Na_(cuneiform) Discovery_Program
Phoenix
Phoenix,_Arizona Phoenix_Suns Phoenix_Mercury Phoenix_(mythology) Phoenix_(band) Arizona_Coyotes ISM_Raceway Phoenix_(constellation) Phoenix_Fuel_Masters 2015–16_Phoenix_Suns_season Phoenix_(spacecraft) Phoenix_(manga) 2017–18_Phoenix_Suns_season 2016–17_Phoenix_Suns_season 2009–10_Phoenix_Suns_season Dodge_Phoenix
Mark McCaughrean
ESA
European_Space_Agency Environmentally_sensitive_area Esteghlal_Ahvaz_F.C. Endangered_Species_Act_of_1973 El_Salvador_Fed_Cup_team Entertainment_Software_Association Employment_and_Support_Allowance Eight_Schools_Association Eastern_Sports_Association Greek_Military_Police Ecological_Society_of_America Electrostatic_analyzer MVS/ESA Secret_Anti-Communist_Army IBM_System/390 Sonex_Electric_Sport_Aircraft
Curiosity
Curiosity_(rover) Curiosity Curiosity_(TV_series) Curiosity_(EP) Curiosity_(Carly_Rae_Jepsen_song) Curiosity_(The_Jets_song) Mars_Science_Laboratory Curiosity_(Wampire_album) Curiosity_Killed_the_Cat Curiosity_(2009_film) Curiosity:_What's_Inside_the_Cube? Curiosity_(1967_film) Curiosity_(website)
Gale Crater
Gale_(crater)
Mars
Mars Mars_(mythology) Mars,_Incorporated Mars_(astrology) Cheung_Wing_Fat Mid-Atlantic_Regional_Spaceport Mars_(band) Mars_(Philippine_talk_show) Mars_(2016_TV_series) Mars,_Pennsylvania Mars_(rapper) Mars_(chocolate_bar) Mars_in_fiction Colonization_of_Mars Mars_(manga) Mars_(Doctor_Who)
Spirit
Spirit Spirit_(band) Spirit_(Leona_Lewis_album) Spirit_(rover) Spirit_Racing Dodge_Spirit Sociaal-Liberale_Partij Spirit_(2012_film) Liquor Spirit_(comics) Holy_Spirit Spirit_Airlines Spirit_(Depeche_Mode_album) Spirit_(G.I._Joe) Bendigo_Spirit Spirit_(Jewel_album)
Opportunity
Opportunity_(rover) Opportunity:_A_Journal_of_Negro_Life Opportunity_(film) Opportunity,_Washington Equal_opportunity Business_opportunity Sia_(musician) American_Dream Fulbright_Program Municipal_District_of_Opportunity_No._17 Daniel_Dantas_(entrepreneur) Opportunism Opportunity_cost Opportunity,_Nebraska Window_of_opportunity
McCaughrean
Gale [Crater]
Gale_(crater)
Spirit
Spirit Spirit_(band) Spirit_(Leona_Lewis_album) Spirit_(rover) Spirit_Racing Dodge_Spirit Sociaal-Liberale_Partij Spirit_(2012_film) Liquor Spirit_(comics) Holy_Spirit Spirit_Airlines Spirit_(Depeche_Mode_album) Spirit_(G.I._Joe) Bendigo_Spirit Spirit_(Jewel_album)
Opportunity
Opportunity_(rover) Opportunity:_A_Journal_of_Negro_Life Opportunity_(film) Opportunity,_Washington Equal_opportunity Business_opportunity Sia_(musician) American_Dream Fulbright_Program Municipal_District_of_Opportunity_No._17 Daniel_Dantas_(entrepreneur) Opportunism Opportunity_cost Opportunity,_Nebraska Window_of_opportunity
Gale
Gale Gale_(publisher) Luke_Gale Arthur_Gale Tony_Gale Gale,_Wisconsin Gale_(crater) Gale,_Illinois UDP-glucose_4-epimerase Walter_Frederick_Gale February_1952_nor'easter Gale_Hawthorne Gale_Boetticher Goran_Šepa HMNZS_Gale_(T04) Gale_(loudspeaker)
Mars
Mars Mars_(mythology) Mars,_Incorporated Mars_(astrology) Cheung_Wing_Fat Mid-Atlantic_Regional_Spaceport Mars_(band) Mars_(Philippine_talk_show) Mars_(2016_TV_series) Mars,_Pennsylvania Mars_(rapper) Mars_(chocolate_bar) Mars_in_fiction Colonization_of_Mars Mars_(manga) Mars_(Doctor_Who)
McCaughrean
ESA
European_Space_Agency Environmentally_sensitive_area Esteghlal_Ahvaz_F.C. Endangered_Species_Act_of_1973 El_Salvador_Fed_Cup_team Entertainment_Software_Association Employment_and_Support_Allowance Eight_Schools_Association Eastern_Sports_Association Greek_Military_Police Ecological_Society_of_America Electrostatic_analyzer MVS/ESA Secret_Anti-Communist_Army IBM_System/390 Sonex_Electric_Sport_Aircraft
NASA
NASA N.A.S.A._(musical_group) National_Auto_Sport_Association PhilSports_Arena Gesiel_José_de_Lima The_Spirit_of_Apollo NASA_(Swedish_band) Johnson_Space_Center Paez_people National_Super_Alliance Goddard_Space_Flight_Center Marcos_Antonio_García_Nascimento Langley_Research_Center NASA_insignia Na_(cuneiform) Discovery_Program
Manfred Warhaut
Head
ESA
European_Space_Agency Environmentally_sensitive_area Esteghlal_Ahvaz_F.C. Endangered_Species_Act_of_1973 El_Salvador_Fed_Cup_team Entertainment_Software_Association Employment_and_Support_Allowance Eight_Schools_Association Eastern_Sports_Association Greek_Military_Police Ecological_Society_of_America Electrostatic_analyzer MVS/ESA Secret_Anti-Communist_Army IBM_System/390 Sonex_Electric_Sport_Aircraft
Mission Operations Department
Curiosity
Curiosity_(rover) Curiosity Curiosity_(TV_series) Curiosity_(EP) Curiosity_(Carly_Rae_Jepsen_song) Curiosity_(The_Jets_song) Mars_Science_Laboratory Curiosity_(Wampire_album) Curiosity_Killed_the_Cat Curiosity_(2009_film) Curiosity:_What's_Inside_the_Cube? Curiosity_(1967_film) Curiosity_(website)
ESA
European_Space_Agency Environmentally_sensitive_area Esteghlal_Ahvaz_F.C. Endangered_Species_Act_of_1973 El_Salvador_Fed_Cup_team Entertainment_Software_Association Employment_and_Support_Allowance Eight_Schools_Association Eastern_Sports_Association Greek_Military_Police Ecological_Society_of_America Electrostatic_analyzer MVS/ESA Secret_Anti-Communist_Army IBM_System/390 Sonex_Electric_Sport_Aircraft
NASA
NASA N.A.S.A._(musical_group) National_Auto_Sport_Association PhilSports_Arena Gesiel_José_de_Lima The_Spirit_of_Apollo NASA_(Swedish_band) Johnson_Space_Center Paez_people National_Super_Alliance Goddard_Space_Flight_Center Marcos_Antonio_García_Nascimento Langley_Research_Center NASA_insignia Na_(cuneiform) Discovery_Program
NASA
NASA N.A.S.A._(musical_group) National_Auto_Sport_Association PhilSports_Arena Gesiel_José_de_Lima The_Spirit_of_Apollo NASA_(Swedish_band) Johnson_Space_Center Paez_people National_Super_Alliance Goddard_Space_Flight_Center Marcos_Antonio_García_Nascimento Langley_Research_Center NASA_insignia Na_(cuneiform) Discovery_Program
Warhaut
NASA
NASA N.A.S.A._(musical_group) National_Auto_Sport_Association PhilSports_Arena Gesiel_José_de_Lima The_Spirit_of_Apollo NASA_(Swedish_band) Johnson_Space_Center Paez_people National_Super_Alliance Goddard_Space_Flight_Center Marcos_Antonio_García_Nascimento Langley_Research_Center NASA_insignia Na_(cuneiform) Discovery_Program
ESA
European_Space_Agency Environmentally_sensitive_area Esteghlal_Ahvaz_F.C. Endangered_Species_Act_of_1973 El_Salvador_Fed_Cup_team Entertainment_Software_Association Employment_and_Support_Allowance Eight_Schools_Association Eastern_Sports_Association Greek_Military_Police Ecological_Society_of_America Electrostatic_analyzer MVS/ESA Secret_Anti-Communist_Army IBM_System/390 Sonex_Electric_Sport_Aircraft
ExoMars
ExoMars ExoMars_(rover)
Curiosity
Curiosity_(rover) Curiosity Curiosity_(TV_series) Curiosity_(EP) Curiosity_(Carly_Rae_Jepsen_song) Curiosity_(The_Jets_song) Mars_Science_Laboratory Curiosity_(Wampire_album) Curiosity_Killed_the_Cat Curiosity_(2009_film) Curiosity:_What's_Inside_the_Cube? Curiosity_(1967_film) Curiosity_(website)
$2.5 billion
2.1 billion euros
NASA
NASA N.A.S.A._(musical_group) National_Auto_Sport_Association PhilSports_Arena Gesiel_José_de_Lima The_Spirit_of_Apollo NASA_(Swedish_band) Johnson_Space_Center Paez_people National_Super_Alliance Goddard_Space_Flight_Center Marcos_Antonio_García_Nascimento Langley_Research_Center NASA_insignia Na_(cuneiform) Discovery_Program
European Space Agency
European_Space_Agency
iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::entity type::igo type::organization
Mars Science Laboratory
Mars_Science_Laboratory
topic::none type::entity type::misc type::object
Curiosity
Curiosity_(rover)
slot::keyword topic::none type::entity type::misc type::object
Red Planet
Mars
slot::keyword topic::none type::celestial_loc type::entity type::location
NASA
NASA
iptc::11000000 slot::keyword topic::politics type::agency type::entity type::governmental_organisation type::organization
Mark McCaughrean
gender::male iptc::11000000 slot::head topic::politics type::entity type::person type::politics_per
Thomas Reiter
Thomas_Reiter
gender::male iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::entity type::person type::politics_per
Gale [Crater]
Gale_(crater)
topic::none type::entity type::location type::regio
Manfred Warhaut
gender::male iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::entity type::person type::politics_per
Earth
Earth
topic::none type::celestial_loc type::entity type::location
07:31 on August 6, Central European Time
topic::none type::time type::value
Mars Express
Mars_Express
topic::none type::entity type::misc type::object
Darmstadt
Darmstadt
topic::none type::entity type::gpe type::gpe2 type::location
December 2003
topic::none type::time type::value
Beagle 2
Beagle_2
topic::none type::entity type::misc type::object
Head of Research and Science Support
meta::redo topic::none type::role type::value
Odyssey
2001_Mars_Odyssey
topic::none type::entity type::misc type::object
Bermuda Triangle
Bermuda_Triangle
topic::none type::entity type::location type::regio
Soviets
Soviet_Union
topic::none type::gpe0-x type::other
1960
topic::none type::time type::value
US
United_States
topic::none type::entity type::gpe type::gpe0 type::location
Europe
European_Union
iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::entity type::igo type::organization type::so
Russia
Russia
topic::none type::entity type::gpe type::gpe0 type::location
Japan
Japan
topic::none type::entity type::gpe type::gpe0 type::location
Director for Human Spaceflight and Operations
meta::redo topic::none type::role type::value
ExoMars
ExoMars
topic::none type::entity type::misc type::object
Phoenix
Phoenix_(spacecraft)
topic::none type::entity type::misc type::object
Spirit
Spirit_(rover)
topic::none type::entity type::misc type::object
Opportunity
Opportunity_(rover)
topic::none type::entity type::misc type::object
Head
topic::none type::role type::value
Mission Operations Department
iptc::11000000 topic::politics type::entity type::igo type::organization
$2.5 billion
topic::none type::money type::value
2.1 billion euros
topic::none type::money type::value
Germany