the sensory neurons that detect taste are located in the tongue.
the sensory neurons that detect taste are located in the tongue.
where are the sensory neurons that detect taste?
tongue
the sensory neurons involved in smell are called olfactory sensory neurons. these neurons contain receptors, called olfactory receptors, that are activated by odor molecules in the air. the molecules in the air are detected by enlarged cilia and microvilli.









































section::::types and function.:external.:taste.









































similarly to olfactory receptors, taste receptors (gustatory receptors) in taste buds interact with chemicals in food to produce an action potential.









































section::::types and function.:external.:vision.









































photoreceptor cells are capable of phototransduction, a process which converts light (electromagnetic radiation) into electrical signals. these signals are refined and controlled by the interactions with other types of neurons in the retina.
sensory neuron
in a chordotonal organ, individual sensory neurons can respond to different types of mechanosensory stimuli (for example, sound vs gravity), and those that respond to a particular stimulus can have different tuning properties (for example, tuned to different position of a joint). one way to generate these functional diversity is by having sensory neurons with different types of mechanosensory channels or intrinsic properties. for example, in johnston's organ of "drosophila melanogaster", sensory neurons that detect sound may express nompc, an ion channel that belongs to the transient receptor potential (trp) superfamily, while those that detect gravity may express another member of the trp channel, painless. another way to generate functional diversity is by having sensory neurons that are attached to the joint through different types of connections. for example, in the femoral chordotonal organ of the locust, the ligament in which sensory neurons are embedded is divided into several strands that are sequentially pulled as the joint is flexed, providing a mechanism for differential activation of the sensory neurons at different position of the joint.
chordotonal organ