exploration to the inner solar system technically began with the launch of mariner 2, which resulted in the first successful flyby of venus on 2 january 1959.
exploration to the inner solar system technically began with the launch of mariner 2, which resulted in the first successful flyby of venus on 2 january 1959.
when did exploration to the inner solar system technically begin with the launch of mariner 2, which resulted in the first successful flyby of venus?
2 january 1959
on 27 august 1962, mariner 2 was launched by atlas-agena b 179d, the first spacecraft conduct a successful flyby of another planet when it flew past venus on 14 december 1962. on 28 july 1964, atlas-agena b 250d launched ranger 7, which was the first fully successful ranger mission. on 28 november 1964, atlas-agena d 288d launched with mariner 4, which provided the first close-up pictures of mars.
cape canaveral air force station launch complex 12
venus was the first target of interplanetary flyby and lander missions and, despite one of the most hostile surface environments in the solar system, has had more landers sent to it (nearly all from the soviet union) than any other planet in the solar system. the first flyby was the 1961 venera 1, though the 1962 mariner 2 was the first flyby to successfully return data. mariner 2 has been followed by several other flybys by multiple space agencies often as part of missions using a venus flyby to provide a gravitational assist en route to other celestial bodies. in 1967 venera 4 became the first probe to enter and directly examine the atmosphere of venus. in 1970, venera 7 became the first successful lander to reach the surface of venus and by 1985 it had been followed by eight additional successful soviet venus landers which provided images and other direct surface data. starting in 1975 with the soviet orbiter venera 9 some ten successful orbiter missions have been sent to venus, including later missions which were able to map the surface of venus using radar to pierce the obscuring atmosphere.
space exploration