william james said psychology is the science of mental life.
william james said psychology is the science of mental life.
who said psychology is the science of mental life?
william james
in 1890, william james defined "psychology" as "the science of mental life, both of its phenomena and their conditions". this definition enjoyed widespread currency for decades. however, this meaning was contested, notably by radical behaviorists such as john b. watson, who in his 1913 manifesto defined the discipline of psychology as the acquisition of information useful to the control of behavior. also since james defined it, the term more strongly connotes techniques of scientific experimentation. folk psychology refers to the understanding of ordinary people, as contrasted with that of psychology professionals.









































section::::history.
psychology
"a. parthenogenetica", as its specific name suggests, is an obligate parthenogenetic organism, one that reproduces without sexual reproduction. like other brine shrimp, "a. parthenogenetica" produces cysts that are highly resistant to environmental changes, including large changes in temperature and salinity, and the stress of drying out and exposure to uv radiation. the organism displays different numbers of chromosomes or levels of ploidy, from diploid to 5n. "a. parthenogenetica" populations with 2n ploidy have some recombination of genes during meiosis then fuse the recombined cells to regain the 2n chromosomes. in populations with ploidies from 3n to 5n, the resultant offspring are clones of the parents.
artemia parthenogenetica