cytosine is an example of a nitrogen base found on nucleic acids.
cytosine is an example of a nitrogen base found on nucleic acids.
cytosine is an example of a nitrogen base found on what acids?
nucleic
in the biological sciences, nitrogenous bases are increasingly termed nucleobases because of their role in nucleic acids - their flat shape is particularly important when considering their roles as the building blocks of dna and rna. a set of five nitrogenous bases is used in the construction of nucleotides, which in turn build up nucleic acids like dna and rna. these nitrogenous bases are adenine (a), uracil (u), guanine (g), thymine (t), and cytosine (c). thymine and uracil are distinguished by merely the presence or absence of a methyl group on the fifth carbon (c5) of these heterocyclic six-membered rings. the nitrogenous bases form hydrogen bonds between opposing dna strands to form the rungs of the "twisted ladder" or double helix of dna or a biological catalyst that is found in the nucleotides. adenine is always paired with thymine, and guanine is always paired with cytosine. these are known as base pairs. adenine forms two hydrogen bonds with thymine in dna and two hydrogen bonds with uracil in rna, while three hydrogen bonds are formed between guanine and cytosine. there are a variety of other non-canonical base pairs that occur in nature due to the versatility of these molecular structures. uracil is only present in rna, replacing thymine. pyrimidines include thymine, cytosine, and uracil. they have a single ring structure. purines include adenine and guanine. they have a double ring structure.
nitrogenous base
5-hydroxymethylcytosine









































5-hydroxymethylcytosine is a dna pyrimidine nitrogen base derived from cytosine. it is potentially important in epigenetics, because the hydroxymethyl group on the cytosine can possibly switch a gene on and off. it was first seen in bacteriophages in 1952. however, in 2009 it was found to be abundant in human and mouse brains, as well as in embryonic stem cells. in mammals, it can be generated by oxidation of 5-methylcytosine, a reaction mediated by the tet family of enzymes. its molecular formula is chno.









































section::::localization.
5-hydroxymethylcytosine