edmund cartwright invented the mechanical loom which was powered by a horse or a water wheel.
edmund cartwright invented the mechanical loom which was powered by a horse or a water wheel.
who invented the mechanical loom which was powered by a horse or a water wheel?
edmund cartwright
john bullough (1800–68) was from accrington, often described as a simple-minded westhoughton weaver. originally a handloom weaver, unlike others of his trade bullough embraced new developments such as edmund cartwright's power loom (1785). while colleagues were busy rejecting new devices such as in the power-loom riots that broke out in lancashire in 1826, bullough improved his own loom by inventing various components, including the "self-acting temple" that kept the woven cloth at its correct width, and a loose reed that allowed the lathe to back away on encountering a shuttle trapped in the warp. bullough also invented a simple but effective warning device which rang a bell every time a warp thread broke on his loom. bullough moved to blackburn and worked with william kenworthy at brookhouse mills, with whom he applied his inventions to develop an improved power loom that later became known as the "lancashire loom". he was forced to quit blackburn, for fear of angry handloom weavers. he later settled in accrington to form howard & bullough in partnership with john howard at globe works, alongside the leeds-liverpool canal in accrington. here he invented the slasher, which founded the company's success. he was one of the country's largest manufacturers. at the height of the business the globe works employed almost 6000 workers and covered . 75% of production was exported.
lancashire loom
the jacquard loom is a mechanical loom, invented by joseph marie jacquard in 1801, which simplifies the process of manufacturing textiles with complex patterns such as brocade, damask and matelasse. the loom is controlled by punched cards with punched holes, each row of which corresponds to one row of the design. multiple rows of holes are punched on each card and the many cards that compose the design of the textile are strung together in order. it is based on earlier inventions by the frenchmen basile bouchon (1725), jean baptiste falcon (1728) and jacques vaucanson (1740) to call it a loom is a misnomer, a jacquard head could be attached to a power loom or a hand loom, the head controlling which warp thread was raised during shedding. multiple shuttles could be used to control the colour of the weft during picking. the jacquard loom is the predecessor to the punch card computers of the 19th and 20th centuries.
loom