haliaeetus is the genus of a bald eagle.
haliaeetus is the genus of a bald eagle.
what is the genus of a bald eagle?
haliaeetus
perhaps the most formidable raptorial birds that the golden eagle co-exist with are the large northern "haliaeetus" sea or fish eagles. two species, the white-tailed eagle and the bald eagle, overlap in distribution frequently with golden eagles. both are marginally heavier on average than the golden, especially the white-tailed eagle, which tends to have a slightly longer wingspan as well. there are many differences in the dietary biology of these species as they primarily eat fish, occasionally supplemented by water birds or other semi-aquatic prey, and obtain more of their food via scavenging of dead or injured animals or via kleptoparasitism than golden eagles do. they also prefer nesting in large trees by the shore of a body of water, often in lowland areas, quite different from the upland, often mountainous nesting habitat preferred by golden eagles. however, conflicts between the great eagles do occur, especially at carrion or kills. in most cases, the golden eagle is reportedly dominant over white-tailed eagles at food, reportedly being more aggressive and a more agile and swift flier. however, in some cases, white-tailed eagles have dominated golden eagles at carrion or kills. competitions between golden and bald eagles in north america can reportedly go either way, depending on the size and disposition of the eagles involved. in arizona, bald eagles were successful in 25% of attempts to rob golden eagles of their prey. conflicts between white-tailed eagles and golden eagles over nesting sites occur with some frequency in some areas, but are unknown in other areas. in one instance in norway, a pair of golden eagles harassed a newly formed pair of white-tailed eagles so persistently that the white-tails abandoned their nesting attempt. this relationship between the two eagle species is particularly aggressive in scotland where the white-tailed eagle has been reintroduced recently. in the scottish highlands, a white-tailed eagle was found dead with talon piercings in its skull likely from a female golden eagle it had been interacting with the previous day. there are at least two known instances of scottish white-tailed eagles fiercely attacking golden eagles in apparent territorial bouts, in one instance pulling the golden down into shallow coastal waters to drown. white-tailed eagles are able to survive on a great breadth of food and have longer guts so can live on less food for a longer time than golden eagles. thus, the white-tailed may locally outcompete the golden eagle in terms of populating a given area. in north america, few such contentious relations have been reported between bald and golden eagles but golden eagles were reported to avoid the vicinity of active bald eagle nests. even in areas where conflicts between white-tailed and golden eagles do occur it is thought that, since the species are very different in their preferred foods and nesting sites, they do not adversely affect the other at a population level. a much more passive interspecies guild of eagles have been observed in a wooded area of kazakhstan, consisting of white-tailed, eastern imperial and golden eagle. this guild was seen to freely use abandoned nests built by the other two species. unlike in scotland and norway (or in a guild of "buteo"s in the american midwest), no aggression or conflicts were reported between the three large eagle species even though they sometimes nested within of one another. all observed conflicts in the kazakhstani woods were amongst others of their own species. on the scottish isle of mull, golden and white-tailed eagles also nested in close proximity without any observed aggressive encounters. the steller's sea eagle co-exists with golden eagles in coastal japan and russia. this species is the heaviest living eagle and may weigh twice as much as the small-bodied japanese golden eagles. occasionally, both golden and white-tailed eagles join steller's sea eagles to feed on fish caught along ice floes in the sea of okhotsk. the steller's, being more aggressive in disposition than its bald and white-tailed cousins, appears dominant over golden eagles here and has been photographed repeatedly displacing them from fish. on the other hand, the japanese golden eagle is no less aggressive than other golden eagles and, in at least one case, was videotaped dominating the bigger sea eagle in a fight over fish. the smaller pallas's sea eagle ("haliaeetus leucoryphus") also overlaps in range with golden eagles but there is no published information on their relationship.
dietary biology of the golden eagle
the rescue of these children from this party of indians likely occurred and just as likely is the incident that gave rise to what one author calls the "pretty romance" about captain samuel brady's encounters with a chief named bald eagle. some writers claimed that a munsee delaware chief named bald eagle led war parties from bald eagle's nest (now milesburg, pennsylvania) against white settlements in the west branch valley of the susquehanna. according to these stories, samuel's brother james brady was delirious for the first four days after he arrived mortally wounded at his mother's home. however, on the fifth day, he became lucid and was able to describe the attack in detail. he said the attackers were seneca and they were led by a chief cornplanter and by a chief bald eagle. so, there were many stories saying that bald eagle had killed samuel's brother, james brady, near williamsport in august 1778. samuel brady is said to have finally gotten his revenge on bald eagle by killing him near brady's bend, armstrong county, pennsylvania, in june 1779. however, the "history of lycoming county pennsylvania", edited by john f. meginness and published in 1892, states that bald eagle was already dead at the time of the indian attack on james brady. therefore, it is disputed both that bald eagle led the attack that mortally wounded james brady and that samuel brady killed bald eagle in revenge. seeming to confirm that bald eagle and captain brady never crossed paths, belle swope describes samuel brady's many encounters with the indians in meticulous detail and never once mentions bald eagle. on the other hand, there is an historical marker on pennsylvania route 68 at brady's bend, pennsylvania commemorating this disputed event which reads, "named for capt. samuel brady, famed indian scout and hero of many legends of western pennsylvania. near here, in 1779, he defeated a band of senecas and munsees, and killed chief bald eagle."
samuel brady