congress has the authority to set the salaries of members of congress.
congress has the authority to set the salaries of members of congress.
who has the authority to set the salaries of members of congress?
congress
it was argued by american colonists that vice-admiralty judges were corrupt and often abused their power. in the proceedings of the continental congress held in philadelphia on 5 september 1774, a complaint was drafted to king george iii that the ""judges of admiralty and vice-admiralty courts are empowered to receive their salaries and fees from the effects condemned by themselves"" with officers of the customs being empowered to ""break open and enter houses without the authority of any civil magistrate"". james otis had further complained of the lack of justice in having juryless trials and the burden of proof on the accused. the complaint made in the continental congress is probably alluding to the payments made to the judge of the vice-admiralty court in halifax, where they actually received their payment not through a crown salary but through compensation through fees charged for condemning a ship, and through the sharing of the profits of the condemnation of that ship. this was not the case in the vice-admiralty courts established in boston, charleston and philadelphia, where judges were paid only through salaries. in fact, the british government replied to the congress' complaints in their "address of the people of great britain to the inhabitants of america", where they mentioned that ""four great vice-admiralty courts were ... erected in different stations in america"" and that ""large salaries were settled upon the judges, to make them independent. these salaries were paid not from the fines and forfeitures, but in the common way"".
vice admiralty court
salaries vary widely by field and rank, ranging from $45,927 for an assistant professor in theology to $136,634 for a full professor in legal professions and studies. a 2005 study, by the college and university professional association for human resources, found the average salary for all faculty members, including instructors, to be $66,407, placing half of all faculty members in the top 15.3% of income earners above the age of 25. median salaries were $54,000 for assistant professors, $64,000 for associate professors and $86,000 for full professors 2005. during the 2005–2006 year, salaries for assistant professors ranged from $45,927 in theology to $81,005 in law. for associate professors, salaries ranged from $56,943 in theology to $98,530 in law, while salaries among full professors ranged from $68,214 in theology to $136,634 in law. during the 2010–2011 year, associate professor salaries vary from $59,593 in theology to $93,767 in law. full professors at elite institutions commonly enjoy six-figure incomes, such as $123,300 at ucla or $148,500 at stanford. the csu system, which is the largest system in the u.s., with over 11,000 faculty members, had an average full-time faculty salary of $74,000 in 2007, which had been scheduled to increase to $91,000 by 2011. unfortunately for these faculty, the ensuing crash of the u.s. economy resulted in temporary pay reductions and total salary stagnation at the 2007 level instead, in spite of ongoing inflation. professors in teacher education sometimes earn less than they would if they were still elementary classroom teachers. in one case study report, it was shown that a beginning full-time tenure-track assistant professor in elementary teacher education at california state university, northridge was hired in 2002 at a salary of $53,000, which was $15,738 less than she would have earned in her previous position as a 9-month public school kindergarten teacher ($68,738).
professors in the united states