the physical breakdown of food begins in the mouth.
the physical breakdown of food begins in the mouth.
when does the physical breakdown of food begin?
the mouth
it is important to note the larval stage of the blowfly, due to its importance in forensics. the larvae have posterior spiracles, small openings on the back used for the intake of oxygen. larvae are also equipped with mouth hooks used for the physical breakdown of proteins when feeding, while proteolytic enzymes are used for chemical breakdown of these proteins.









































section::::forensic importance.
phormia regina
this and its sister species are the largest members of the procellariidae. the southern giant petrel measures with a wingspan of . both this and the northern giant petrel vary considerably in size, with southern colonies averaging larger than northern colonies, in line with bergmann's rule. due to the large amount of size variability, it is difficult to determine which is the larger species, but the largest-bodied colonies of the southern species are slightly larger on average, in both mass and linear dimensions, than the largest in the northern giant petrel. body mass can vary widely, from , with males averaging larger than females. the largest average weights come from macquarie island, where 20 males averaged and 21 females averaged . on the south orkney islands, 37 males averaged and 37 females averaged . in contrast, in patagonia, 15 males averaged and 21 females averaged . however another study from patagonia, found that 26 males averaged and 27 females averaged . they have a very large yellow bill, with a green tip and greyish-brown legs. there are two different morphs, the dark which resembles the northern giant petrel, and the more distinct light morph. on the dark morph the upper breast, head and neck are light with the remainder of its plumage being mottled brown. the leading edge of its wing is lighter as is the base of the inner primaries, on the underside. the light morph is rarer and very distinct with only slight black speckles on an otherwise all white look. as juveniles, the dark morph starts off more sooty brown and pales as it ages. both giant petrels have strong legs and can move around on land effectively. finally, when in flight this species has a somewhat hunchbacked appearance.
southern giant petrel