the queen was in the parlor eating bread and honey.
the queen was in the parlor eating bread and honey.
who was in the parlor eating bread and honey?
the queen
Na
Na
in subsequent years, according to the babylonian talmud, additional measures were necessary in order to ensure that all priests would comply by the old enactment made by hillel and shammai (i.e. to wash their hands prior to touching bread-offerings, and to burn all bread-offerings touched by unwashed hands) – for many of the priests simply did not adhere to the enactment made by hillel and shammai. during the latter part of the 1st century ce, when disputes grew between the schools of shammai and hillel, the disciples of both schools gathered themselves together in the upper storeyed room of hananiah's house (i.e. hananiah, the son of hizkiah, the son of guron, and party – a man contemporary with rabbi yehoshua ben hananiah who survived the destruction of the second temple in 70 ce), and voted upon measures to ensure that the priests throughout israel would adhere to that old enactment, seeing that many priests would continue to eat their bread-offering (heb. "terumah") without washing their hands. wherefore, in order to ensure that all priests (heb. "cohanim") will comply and wash their hands, the rabbis and scholars who were gathered together in that upper-storeyed room (on the day when they made eighteen new enactments) cleverly devised a method, whereby, they would adhere to the practice. they enacted a law and ordinance for all times, that all jews — regardless of whether or not they were of the sacerdotal family (priests of aaron's lineage), or levites, or israelites, or proselytes — be required to wash their hands before eating bread, even if that bread to be eaten was only ordinary and common bread. according to the babylonian talmud, the underlying motive for this new enactment was because hands were considered "fidgety," and apt to touch things. "hence, unless their owner has taken care that they should not touch a ritually unclean object after he washed them, they are treated as unclean." the same rabbis and scholars also ascribed a mandatory grade of uncleanness to all men's hands, capableof rendering the "heave-offering" ("terumah") invalid for consumption. whence it is, today, jews have this rule of practice amongst them. by virtue of the fact that all jewish men and women are required to wash their hands directly before eating bread, so too, the delinquent priests will now follow suit and wash their hands before eating bread-offerings, and be guarded thereby from culpability resulting from his or their defilement. the talmud yerushalmi, speaking more candidly about this subject, says explicitly: "did they not decree [defilement] over the hands in order that he (i.e. the priest) might separate himself from the "terumah"? by saying to a man that his hands suffer a second-grade uncleanness, even so does he (the priest) separate himself from the "terumah"." unwashed hands which suffer a second-grade uncleanness were capable of rendering invalid the bread-offering given to the priests. the sages of israel have coined a name for this hand washing which is customarily made by all religious jews today before eating bread at a table. it is called in the hebrew language, "serakh terumah" (), meaning, "washing introduced for the sake of uniformity with "terumah"."
handwashing in judaism