trading brought great wealth and power to italian city states in the 14th century.
trading brought great wealth and power to italian city states in the 14th century.
what brought great wealth and power to italian city states in the 14th century?
trading
the italian city states were also highly numerate, given the importance of the new forms of bookkeeping that were essential to the trading and mercantile basis of society. some of the most widely circulating books, such as the "liber abaci" by leonardo fibonacci of pisa, included applications of mathematics and arithmetic to business practice or were business manuals based on sophisticated numeracy.
italian city-states
the italian city states initially appointed resident ambassadors to other italian states to create some peace between the conflicting powers. from the twelfth-century onward the merchants from the italian city states would organize and select a consul to represent them in the ottoman empire, but soon after these consuls were more formally chosen by the government. by the fifteenth-century other western european nations adopted similar practices and diplomacy has been characterized as a western european phenomenon ever since. another cause of the consular phenomena was the military hardening of borders which meant that europeans could not infiltrate another area by force so they relied on economic and commercial ties to gain entry. in the early stages of these consular relationships the ottomans' did not reciprocate in sending consuls to european capitals, partly because european christians were less welcoming towards muslims than muslims were towards christians.
history of european consuls in the ottoman empire