cavities in the teeth are also called dental caries quizlet.
cavities in the teeth are also called dental caries quizlet.
what are cavities in the teeth also called quizlet?
dental caries
physical remains of mayan individuals from the classic period may also include indicators of social standing. nutritional diseases during life are recorded in an individual's bones, and their presence and severity differs based on access to resources, which is also related to social standing. such nutritional diseases include dental caries or cavities in an individual's teeth. cavities form when bacteria in the mouth metabolize sugars from carbohydrates and demineralize the enamel of a tooth. an individual with an easily accessible carbohydrate-rich diet will be more likely to have more cavities. using burial location as a proxy for social status, cucina and tiesler (2003) found that cavities were more common in elite classic mayan individuals than non-elite individuals. they also found that there were more cavities in elite females than elite males, suggesting there may have been an additional barrier to resource access based on sex, although this difference may also highlight the role of estrogen in cavity formation. however, cucina and tiesler (2003) did not find a meaningful difference in the number of cavities found in non-elite males and females, providing counter evidence to this argument. due to the more complete preservation of elite skeletal remains than non-elite skeletal remains based on burial practices, it can be difficult to represent non-elite individuals who compromised 90% of ancient mayan society.
maya social classes
"stereosternum" had small teeth compared to "mesosaurus tenuidens", but it had larger teeth compared to "brazilosaurus sanpauloensis". the teeth of "stereosternum" are 6 times the length of "brazilosaurus sanpauloensis", but has smaller teeth compared to "mesosaurus tenuidens", which has teeth that are 12 times longer than "brazilosaurus". these differentiations with tooth length possibly correspond to different ecological niches being filled. the way the teeth are positioned inside the jaw is a unique feature of this species; with the teeth more apically being inserted within the alveolar bone and the fully developed teeth show dental ankylosis. from looking at the teeth and how they are positioned, it seems that the replacement pulse occurred anteroposteriorly in "stereosternum", in a quasi-alternate polyphyodont pattern. going more distally, the teeth seem to have periodontal ligaments connecting the teeth to the alveolar bone and then even more distally the tooth is connected by the anchorage trabeculae, which is composed of cementum and probably the alveolar bone. the anchorage trabeculae structure acts as an additional structure to hold the teeth in place. within the adult teeth, the pulp cavity is enclosed within on itself, and inside those pulp cavities are canals that connect the tooth to the alveolar bone. those canals were the spaces that were filled by blood vessels and nerves, which supplemented the growth of the tooth and gave the tooth some sensory abilities. during the early part of the development of the teeth, the roots would have been open, and the only connection that would have been facilitated would have been the cementum between the tooth and the alveolar bone, the periodontal ligament and the cementum made anchorage trabeculae would have mediated this connection. this complex, called the tripartite periodontium, during the life of "stereosternum", would have acted as a mechanism for keeping the teeth within the jaw, working against the lateral forces that could easily pull teeth out of the socket, given the size of these teeth. the teeth also have multiple different types of dentine and there are different orientations of the dentine tubules along the tooth, including mixed composition in the dentary wall. these adaptations helped to increase the tooth's resistance to tension forces, especially the lateral forces.
stereosternum