homologous chromosomes separate from each other during metaphase during meiosis.
homologous chromosomes separate from each other during metaphase during meiosis.
when do homologous chromosomes separate from each other during meiosis?
metaphase
in anaphase i of meiosis i the homologous chromosomes are pulled apart from each other. the homologs are cleaved by the enzyme separase to release the cohesin that held the homologous chromosome arms together. this allows the chiasmata to release and the homologs to move to opposite poles of the cell. the homologous chromosomes are now randomly segregated into two daughter cells that will undergo meiosis ii to produce four haploid daughter germ cells.









































section::::functions.:in meiosis.:meiosis ii.
homologous chromosome
in meiosis, dna replication is followed by two rounds of cell division to produce four daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the original parent cell. the two meiotic divisions are known as meiosis i and meiosis ii. before meiosis begins, during s phase of the cell cycle, the dna of each chromosome is replicated so that it consists of two identical sister chromatids, which remain held together through sister chromatid cohesion. this s-phase can be referred to as "premeiotic s-phase" or "meiotic s-phase". immediately following dna replication, meiotic cells enter a prolonged g2-like stage known as meiotic prophase. during this time, homologous chromosomes pair with each other and undergo genetic recombination, a programmed process in which dna is cut and then repaired, which allows them to exchange some of their genetic information. a subset of recombination events results in crossovers, which create physical links known as chiasmata (singular: chiasma, for the greek letter chi (x)) between the homologous chromosomes. in most organisms, these links are essential to direct each pair of homologous chromosomes to segregate away from each other during meiosis i, resulting in two haploid cells that have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. during meiosis ii, the cohesion between sister chromatids is released and they segregate from one another, as during mitosis. in some cases all four of the meiotic products form gametes such as sperm, spores, or pollen. in female animals, three of the four meiotic products are typically eliminated by extrusion into polar bodies, and only one cell develops to
meiosis