dark reactions occur at anion condensation in the chloroplast.
dark reactions occur at anion condensation in the chloroplast.
where do dark reactions occur in the chloroplast?
anion condensation
the calvin cycle, also known as the dark reactions, is a series of biochemical reactions that fixes co into g3p sugar molecules and uses the energy and electrons from the atp and nadph made in the light reactions. the calvin cycle takes place in the stroma of the chloroplast.









































while named ""the dark reactions"", in most plants, they take place in the light, since the dark reactions are dependent on the products of the light reactions.









































section::::function and chemistry.:photosynthesis.:dark reactions.:carbon fixation and g3p synthesis.
chloroplast
the calvin cycle starts by using the enzyme rubisco to fix co into five-carbon ribulose bisphosphate (rubp) molecules. the result is unstable six-carbon molecules that immediately break down into three-carbon molecules called 3-phosphoglyceric acid, or 3-pga.









































the atp and nadph made in the light reactions is used to convert the 3-pga into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, or g3p sugar molecules. most of the g3p molecules are recycled back into rubp using energy from more atp, but one out of every six produced leaves the cycle—the end product of the dark reactions.









































section::::function and chemistry.:photosynthesis.:dark reactions.:sugars and starches.
chloroplast