31 chapters are in the book of proverbs.
31 chapters are in the book of proverbs.
how many chapters are in the book of proverbs?
31
pashto: for pashto, one of the two main languages of afghanistan, the newest available source is the collection of 151 proverbs by zellem. a larger collection of pashto proverbs of 1,350 proverbs is by bartlotti and khattak (2006), a revised and expanded version of an earlier work by tair and edwards (1982). enevoldsen published 100 proverbs and 100 "tapas" folk poems (1967). an earlier collection was published by benawa (1979). an older source containing 406 pashto proverbs is thorburn's (1876), where he includes them in his book on pp. 231–473. another out-of-print collection is boyle's ""naqluna": some pushtu proverbs and sayings" from 1926. the most recent published collection of pashto proverbs contains 151 proverbs submitted by pashto speakers via the web and twitter (zellem 2014). there are reports that nuri published a selection of proverbs from "paśto toləna" in 1910 (kreyenbroek 2010:151). there are about 50 pages of pashto proverbs arranged by topic in a doctoral dissertation by bartlotti. three additional volumes on pashto proverbs have also been published in pakistan, the first by m.m.k. shinwari, "da mataluno qisay" (stories of proverbs) in 1999. there are two additional volumes printed in pakistan, both by m. a. lashkar, "oulasi mataluna" (popular proverbs) in 2005 and "da mataluno qisay: ter pa her baqi rozgar" (stories of proverbs: old forgotten new adopted) in 2009. there is also a collection of proverbs prepared by boyle in 1926. noor sanauddin, a pashto proverb scholar, has compared all available collections of pashto proverbs.
afghan proverbs
however, a number of scholars argue that such claims are not valid. they have used a variety of arguments. grauberg argues that since many proverbs are so widely circulated they are reflections of broad human experience, not any one culture's unique viewpoint. related to this line of argument, from a collection of 199 american proverbs, jente showed that only 10 were coined in the usa, so that most of these proverbs would not reflect uniquely american values. giving another line of reasoning that proverbs should not be trusted as a simplistic guide to cultural values, mieder once observed "proverbs come and go, that is, antiquated proverbs with messages and images we no longer relate to are dropped from our proverb repertoire, while new proverbs are created to reflect the mores and values of our time", so old proverbs still in circulation might reflect past values of a culture more than its current values. also, within any language's proverb repertoire, there may be "counter proverbs", proverbs that contradict each other on the surface (see section above). when examining such counter proverbs, it is difficult to discern an underlying cultural value. with so many barriers to a simple calculation of values directly from proverbs, some feel "one cannot draw conclusions about values of speakers simply from the texts of proverbs".
proverb