the light dependent stage of photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts.
the light dependent stage of photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts.
where does the light dependent stage of photosynthesis occur?
chloroplasts
section::::function and chemistry.:photosynthesis.:light reactions.









































the light reactions take place on the thylakoid membranes. they take light energy and store it in nadph, a form of nadp, and atp to fuel the dark reactions.









































section::::function and chemistry.:photosynthesis.:light reactions.:energy carriers.









































atp is the phosphorylated version of adenosine diphosphate (adp), which stores energy in a cell and powers most cellular activities. atp is the energized form, while adp is the (partially) depleted form. nadp is an electron carrier which ferries high energy electrons. in the light reactions, it gets reduced, meaning it picks up electrons, becoming nadph.









































section::::function and chemistry.:photosynthesis.:light reactions.:photophosphorylation.
chloroplast
photosynthesis is the synthesis of carbohydrates from sunlight and carbon dioxide (co). in plants, cyanobacteria and algae, oxygenic photosynthesis splits water, with oxygen produced as a waste product. this process uses the atp and nadph produced by the photosynthetic reaction centres, as described above, to convert co into glycerate 3-phosphate, which can then be converted into glucose. this carbon-fixation reaction is carried out by the enzyme rubisco as part of the calvin – benson cycle. three types of photosynthesis occur in plants, c3 carbon fixation, c4 carbon fixation and cam photosynthesis. these differ by the route that carbon dioxide takes to the calvin cycle, with c3 plants fixing co directly, while c4 and cam photosynthesis incorporate the co into other compounds first, as adaptations to deal with intense sunlight and dry conditions.
metabolism