the old pound coin with a portrait by raphael maklouf came into circulation in 1985.
the old pound coin with a portrait by raphael maklouf came into circulation in 1985.
when did the old pound coin with a portrait by raphael maklouf come into circulation?
1985
from 1979, the sovereign was issued as a coin for the bullion market, but was also struck by the royal mint in proof condition for collectors, and this issuance of proof coins has continued annually. in 1985, the machin portrait of the queen was replaced by one by raphael maklouf. striking of bullion sovereigns had been suspended after 1982, and so the maklouf portrait, struck every year but 1989 until the end of 1997, is seen on the sovereign only in proof condition. in 1989, a commemorative sovereign, the first, was issued for the 500th anniversary of henry vii's sovereign. the coin, designed by bernard sindall, evokes the designs of that earlier piece, showing the queen enthroned and facing front, as henry appeared on the old english sovereign. the reverse of the 1489 piece depicts a double tudor rose fronted by the royal arms; a similar design with updated arms graces the reverse of the 1989 sovereign.
sovereign (british coin)
raphael maklouf









































raphael david maklouf (born 10 december 1937) is a sculptor, best known for designing an effigy of queen elizabeth ii used on the coins of many commonwealth nations.









































maklouf was born in jerusalem, to a jewish family; his father was samuel maklouf (1911–1990, born in safed, then in palestine); his mother was leonie maklouf (born in saarbrücken, germany, 1915).
raphael maklouf