the meaning of nat in networking is traversal.
the meaning of nat in networking is traversal.
what is the meaning of nat in networking?
traversal
bullet::::- internet gateway device protocol (igd) — upnp nat-traversal method









































bullet::::- middlebox









































bullet::::- port triggering









































bullet::::- hairpinning









































bullet::::- subnetwork









































bullet::::- port (computer networking)









































bullet::::- teredo tunneling — nat traversal using ipv6









































bullet::::- carrier-grade nat – nat behind nat within isp.









































section::::external links.









































bullet::::- nat-traversal test and results









































bullet::::- characterization of different tcp nats – paper discussing the different types of nat









































bullet::::- anatomy: a look inside network address translators – volume 7, issue 3, september 2004









































bullet::::- jeff tyson, howstuffworks: "how network address translation works"









































bullet::::- routing with nat (part of the documentation for the ibm iseries)
network address translation
zerotier, inc is a technology company working in the computer networking industry. one of the company's products is named zerotier one. zerotier one is an open source software product licensed under gplv3 which establishes peer to peer vpn (p2pvpn) connections between laptops, desktops, phones, embedded devices, cloud resources, and apps. zerotier one can be identified as social vpn or friend to friend (f2f), but can be used for site to site vpn and companies as well. zerotier one networking can establish a direct connection between peers even though they are behind nat, while traditional vpn connections on the internet are established from clients to a server, where the server has public ip address on the internet with open ports. any computers and devices connected to a lan are usually connected with the internet through a nat and router device. in home networking nat & router are usually the same device. zerotier one uses stun & hole punching to establish direct vpn connections between peers behind nat. the company also has a centralized web portal with a gui interface to manage all the zerotier one and networking interfaces and root nodes installed on the internet (known as "planets" and "moons") used to establish connection similarly to ice in webrtc. the company was formed with venture capital and offers paid plans for enterprises. private users can use the service for free, with a limit of 100 peers on one network.
zerotier