the talmud is a combination of the gemara and the mishnah.
the talmud is a combination of the gemara and the mishnah.
the talmud is a combination of the gemara and the?
the mishnah
because there are two gemaras, there are in fact two talmuds: the jerusalem talmud (hebrew: , "talmud yerushalmi"), and the babylonian talmud (hebrew: , "talmud bavli"), corresponding to the jerusalem gemara and the babylonian gemara; both share the same mishnah. the gemara is mostly written in aramaic, the jerusalem gemara in western aramaic and the babylonian in eastern aramaic, but both contain portions in hebrew. sometimes the language changes in the middle of a story.









































section::::origins of the word.
gemara
the discussions of later generations of rabbis all centred round the text of the mishna. interpreters or "speakers" laboured upon it both in jerusalem and babylonia (until 500), and the results are comprised in the jerusalem and babylonian talmuds. the word talmud means teaching, doctrine. each talmud consists of two parts, the mishna (in hebrew), in sixty-three tractates, and an explanation of the same (gemara), ten or twelve times as long. the explanatory portion of the jerusalem talmud is written in neowestern aramaic and that of the babylonian talmud in eastern aramaic, which is closely allied to syriac or mandaic. the passages in the gemara containing additional mishna are, however, given in new hebrew. only thirty-nine tractates of the mishna have gemara. the talmud, then, consists of the mishna (traditions from 450 bc till 200 ad), together with a commentary thereon, gemara, the latter being composed about 200-500 ad. next to the bible the babylonian talmud is the great religious book of orthodox jews, though the palestinian talmud is more highly prized by modern scholars. from the year 500 till the middle ages the rabbis (geonim) in babylonia and elsewhere were engaged in commenting on the talmud and reconciling it with the bible. a list of such commentaries is given in "the jewish encyclopedia".
list of biblical commentaries