america became known as the united states in 1812.
america became known as the united states in 1812.
when did america become known as the united states?
1812
Na
Na
the spanish american wars of independence of the early nineteenth century disrupted spain and the spanish empire, when in 1808 napoleon bonaparte invaded the iberian peninsula, overturned the spanish bourbon monarchy, and placed his brother joseph on the spanish throne. bonaparte himself is an example of a successful general who rose to national power during the massive disruption of the french revolution and was crowned emperor in 1804. for spain and spain's empire, their loss of legitimate monarch to a usurper unleashed forces that might well have remained latent. in spanish america, the eighteenth-century bourbon reforms had systematically excluded american-born spanish men from positions of political power, with the crown privileging iberian-born officials and imposing economic policies that had deleterious effects in part of the empire. previously, spanish america had developed a level of local rule within the empire, with local elites being able to aspire to official positions and economic relations operated within long-established patterns. the napoleonic invasion of spain sparked spanish american movements for autonomy and various regions set up juntas which operated in the name of the displaced bourbon monarch. with the restoration of ferdinand vii in 1814 following napoleon's defeat and his reassertion of absolutist rule, the struggles in many parts of spanish america become to be for complete independence. except for cuba and puerto rico, spanish america had achieved that goal by 1825.
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