the replication of dna takes place during the cytokinesis stage of the cell cycle.
the replication of dna takes place during the cytokinesis stage of the cell cycle.
during which stage of the cell cycle does the replication of dna take place?
cytokinesis
the cell cycle, or cell-division cycle, is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to duplication of its dna (dna replication) and division of cytoplasm and organelles to produce two daughter cells. in bacteria, which lack a cell nucleus, the cell cycle is divided into the b, c, and d periods. the b period extends from the end of cell division to the beginning of dna replication. dna replication occurs during the c period. the d period refers to the stage between the end of dna replication and the splitting of the bacterial cell into two daughter cells. in cells with a nucleus, as in eukaryotes, the cell cycle is also divided into two main stages: interphase and the mitotic (m) phase (including mitosis and cytokinesis). during interphase, the cell grows, accumulating nutrients needed for mitosis, and undergoes dna replication preparing it for cell division. during the mitotic phase, the replicated chromosomes and cytoplasm separate into two new daughter cells. to ensure the proper division of the cell, there are control mechanisms known as cell cycle checkpoints.
cell cycle
during the g stage of the cell cycle, the replication initiation factors, origin recognition complex (orc), cdc6, cdt1, and minichromosome maintenance (mcm) protein complex, bind sequentially to dna to form the pre-replication complex (pre-rc). at the transition of the g stage to the s phase of the cell cycle, s phase–specific cyclin-dependent protein kinase (cdk) and cdc7/dbf4 kinase (ddk) transform the pre-rc into an active replication fork. during this transformation, the pre-rc is disassembled with the loss of cdc6, creating the initiation complex. in addition to the binding of the mcm proteins, cell division cycle 45 (cdc45) protein is also essential for initiating dna replication. studies have shown that mcm is critical for the loading of cdc45 onto chromatin and this complex containing both mcm and cdc45 is formed at the onset of the s phase of the cell cycle. cdc45 targets the mcm protein complex, which has been loaded onto the chromatin, as a component of the pre-rc at the origin of replication during the g stage of the cell cycle.
eukaryotic dna replication