liver cells are the cells that have the ability to store triglycerides.
liver cells are the cells that have the ability to store triglycerides.
cells that have the ability to store triglycerides are?
liver cells
in the intestine, following the secretion of lipases and bile, triglycerides are split into monoacylglycerol and free fatty acids in a process called lipolysis. they are subsequently moved to absorptive enterocyte cells lining the intestines. the triglycerides are rebuilt in the enterocytes from their fragments and packaged together with cholesterol and proteins to form chylomicrons. these are excreted from the cells and collected by the lymph system and transported to the large vessels near the heart before being mixed into the blood. various tissues can capture the chylomicrons, releasing the triglycerides to be used as a source of energy. liver cells can synthesize and store triglycerides. when the body requires fatty acids as an energy source, the hormone glucagon signals the breakdown of the triglycerides by hormone-sensitive lipase to release free fatty acids. as the brain cannot utilize fatty acids as an energy source (unless converted to a ketone), the glycerol component of triglycerides can be converted into glucose, via gluconeogenesis by conversion into dihydroxyacetone phosphate and then into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, for brain fuel when it is broken down. fat cells may also be broken down for that reason if the brain's needs ever outweigh the body's.
triglyceride
blood sugar levels are regulated within fairly narrow limits. in mammals the primary sensors for this are the beta cells of the pancreatic islets. the beta cells respond to a rise in the blood sugar level by secreting insulin into the blood, and simultaneously inhibiting their neighboring alpha cells from secreting glucagon into the blood. this combination (high blood insulin levels and low glucagon levels) act on effector tissues, chief of which are the liver, fat cells and muscle cells. the liver is inhibited from producing glucose, taking it up instead, and converting it to glycogen and triglycerides. the glycogen is stored in the liver, but the triglycerides are secreted into the blood as very low-density lipoprotein (vldl) particles which are taken up by adipose tissue, there to be stored as fats. the fat cells take up glucose through special glucose transporters (glut4), whose numbers in the cell wall are increased as a direct effect of insulin acting on these cells. the glucose that enters the fat cells in this manner is converted into triglycerides (via the same metabolic pathways as are used by the liver) and then stored in those fat cells together with the vldl-derived triglycerides that were made in the liver. muscle cells also take glucose up through insulin-sensitive glut4 glucose channels, and convert it into muscle glycogen.
homeostasis