the viking age finished in europe in 1035.
the viking age finished in europe in 1035.
when did the viking age finish in europe?
1035
the viking age in estonia was a period in the history of estonia, part of the viking age (793–1066 ad). it was not a unified country at the time, and the area of ancient estonia was divided among loosely allied regions. it was preceded by the bronze and early iron ages in estonia, during which an agrarian society had developed, the migration period (450–550 ad), and pre-viking age (550–800 ad) with the viking age itself lasting between 800–1050 ad. it is often considered to be part of the iron age period which started around 400 ad and ended around 1200 ad, soon after estonian vikings were recorded in the "eric chronicle" to have sacked sigtuna in 1187.
viking age in estonia
while the investigation in 1999 did not reveal any viking age artifacts, subsequent excavations at tønnesminde have found significant evidence of a viking age settlement. the 2014 excavation unearthed spindle whorls, glass beads, loom weights, whetstones, iron rivets, and iron knives in presumably viking age pit houses. nearby postholes likely belong to other viking age buildings, although the postholes lacked dateable material. similarly, the 2015 excavation found spindle whorls, loom weights, iron rivets and nails, and whetstones from pit houses; other excavated postholes probably derive from the viking age but could not be dated due to a dearth of dateable material. the long house excavated by the 2016 team could have functioned as an 'economy house' ('økonomibygning' in danish) during the viking age. an older, nearby large cultural layer intersects the long house, and based on the discovery of half of a loom weight and the general structure of the long house, on-site archaeologists dated the long house to the late iron age or early viking age. similarly, the 2017 excavation unearthed two spindle whorls and many ceramic rim shards that are characteristic of the viking age.
tønnesminde