unemployment benefit started in the uk in 1911.
unemployment benefit started in the uk in 1911.
when did unemployment benefit start in the uk?
1911
the national insurance act part ii provided for time-limited unemployment benefit for certain highly cyclical industries, especially the building trades, mechanical engineering, foundries, vehicle manufacturing, and sawmills. the scheme was based on actuarial principles, and it was planned that it would be funded by fixed payments from workers, employers, and taxpayers. it made no provision for dependants. part ii worked in a similar way to part i. the worker gave 2d (i.e pre-decimal pence) per week while employed, the employer 2d, and the taxpayer 3d. after one week of unemployment, the worker would start to be eligible to receive 7 shillings (i.e. 84d) per week for up to 15 weeks in a year. the money would be collected from labour exchanges. by 1913, 2.3 million were insured under the scheme for unemployment benefit and almost 15 million insured for sickness benefit.
national insurance act 1911
the 1990s saw a decade of unemployment benefit insurance reform in denmark. government policy addressing employment security however, remained largely unchanged. prior to the early 1990s reforms, danish citizens were entitled to 2.5 years of unemployment benefits given they remained employed for 26 weeks out of the previous 3 years. during their unemployment benefit collection period, citizens were entitled by law to receive subsidized employment for 7–9 months. if employed under this program, individuals were then once again subject to receive another 2.5 years of unemployment benefits, essentially allowing for unlimited unemployment benefits. the reforms of the decade were devised to place an upper limit on entitlement to unemployment benefits. in 1995, the entitlement period for unemployment benefits was limited to 5 years, with a requirement for employment for 1 year in the past 3 years. three years later, the maximum length of the unemployment benefit entitlement period was shortened to 4 years for individuals over the age of 25. these reforms have resulted in an average shorter length of unemployment period for danish since when compared to pre-1990s statistics. more recent unemployment benefit policies have dealt with cash benefit reform. in 2013, the danish government implemented a reform that aimed to reduce the amount of cash benefits given to unemployed youth, and instead transform those payments into education benefits in order to pursue its "usefulness initiative". these new cash benefit policies have had a positive effect on the flow of young adults away from unemployment and into education or employment.
unemployment benefits in denmark