philip the apostle was the apostle from bethsaida that was born in 1 ad and crucified upside down.
philip the apostle was the apostle from bethsaida that was born in 1 ad and crucified upside down.
who was the apostle from bethsaida that was born in 1 ad and crucified upside down?
philip the apostle
bullet::::- saint peter: christian apostle, who according to tradition was crucified upside-down at his own request (hence the cross of st. peter), because he did not feel worthy enough to die the same way as jesus.









































bullet::::- saint andrew: christian apostle and saint peter's brother, who is traditionally said to have been crucified on an x-shaped cross (hence the st. andrew's cross).









































bullet::::- simeon of jerusalem: second bishop of jerusalem, crucified in either 106 or 107ad.









































bullet::::- mani: the founder of manicheanism, he was depicted by followers as having died by crucifixion in 274 ad.
crucifixion
suslyga's ideas about the renaming of bethsaida have also been challenged. frederick m. strickert and others have pointed out that the identity of augustus’ daughter in flavius josephus' texts about the renaming of bethsaida ("antiquities of the jews" 18.2.1, "the wars of the jews" 2.9.1) is not beyond dispute. it was assumed by suslyga and many other scholars in recent centuries that josephus was referring to julia the elder, the biological daughter of the emperor augustus, concerning the renaming of bethsaida as julias. however, through his will, augustus also officially adopted his wife livia into the julian family as his daughter, and gave her a new name, julia. it is by her name julia that josephus always made reference to livia, the emperor’s wife, even in his descriptions of events before augustus’ death and deification in ad 14. the roman historian velleius paterculus (c. 19 bc - c. ad 31) confirms that livia was known as augustus’ daughter: “take for example livia. she, the daughter of the brave and noble drusus claudianus, most eminent of roman women in birth, in sincerity, and in beauty, she, whom we later saw as the wife of augustus, and as his priestess and daughter after his deification.” many scholars now believe that philip renamed bethsaida as julias in honor of livia (julia) following her death in ad 29. this would also explain why the name julias persisted for generations. otherwise the name would have probably disappeared not long after the disgrace of julia the elder. pliny the elder uses the name julias for bethsaida in about ad 77 and claudius ptolemy, the geographer, uses it in the second century ad. identifying julias with livia, instead of julia the elder, essentially renders invalid one of suslyga’s main arguments for a 4 bc date of the death of herod the great.
laurentius suslyga