the pledge of allegiance was written on august 1892 by francis bellamy.
the pledge of allegiance was written on august 1892 by francis bellamy.
when was the pledge of allegiance written and by whom?
august 1892 by francis bellamy
section::::origins.









































section::::origins.:balch and bellamy pledges.









































the pledge of allegiance, as it exists in its current form, was composed in august 1892 by francis bellamy (1855–1931), who was a baptist minister, a christian socialist, and the cousin of socialist utopian novelist edward bellamy (1850–1898). there did exist a previous version created by captain george t. balch, a veteran of the civil war, who later became auditor of the new york board of education. balch's pledge, which existed contemporaneously with the bellamy version until the 1923 national flag conference, read:
pledge of allegiance
pledge of allegiance (disambiguation)









































the pledge of allegiance of the united states is an expression of allegiance to the flag of the united states and the republic of the united states of america.









































pledge of allegiance may also refer to:









































bullet::::- pledge of allegiance (bahamas)









































bullet::::- pledge of allegiance to the flag of south korea, a pledge to the flag of south korea









































bullet::::- pledge of allegiance to the philippine flag, a pledge to the flag of the philippines









































section::::see also.









































bullet::::- in god we trust (disambiguation)
pledge of allegiance (disambiguation)