short chain fatty acids in the colon come from when dietary fiber is fermented.
short chain fatty acids in the colon come from when dietary fiber is fermented.
where do short chain fatty acids in the colon come from?
when dietary fiber is fermented
short-chain fatty acid









































short-chain fatty acids (scfas), also referred to as volatile fatty acids (vfas), are fatty acids with less than six carbon atoms. free scfas can cross the blood-brain barrier via monocarboxylate transporters.









































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scfas are produced when dietary fiber is fermented in the colon. acetate, propionate, and butyrate are the three most common scfas. 









































scfas and medium-chain fatty acids are primarily absorbed through the portal vein during lipid digestion, while long-chain fatty acids are packed into chylomicrons and enter lymphatic capillaries, and enter the blood first at the subclavian vein.
short-chain fatty acid
a possible mechanistic explanation linking gut flora to obesity involves short chain fatty acids. humans are unable to digest complex polysaccharides and rely on gut microbiota to ferment these polysaccharides into short chain fatty acids. in contrast to polysaccharides, humans can use short chain fatty acids as a source of energy. in addition, research in rodents has indicated that the abundance of short chain fatty acids in the gut can affect the blood levels of gut hormones such as glp-1, glp-2 and peptide yy. these changes in gut hormone levels have shown to affect glucose tolerance, insulin signaling, intestinal barrier function and have led to weight gain in rodents. furthermore, administration of antibiotics to rodents alters gut microbiota composition and ensuing changes in gut hormone levels are also detected. these results may provide the mechanistic explanation for the claim that antibiotics can lead to obesity in humans. yet, whether these findings can be replicated in human studies remains to be seen.
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