the concept of critical thinking originated with richard w. paul.
the concept of critical thinking originated with richard w. paul.
where did the concept of critical thinking originate?
richard w. paul
socrates set the agenda for the tradition of critical thinking, namely, to reflectively question common beliefs and explanations, carefully distinguishing beliefs that are reasonable and logical from those that—however appealing to our native egocentrism, however much they serve our vested interests, however comfortable or comforting they may be—lack adequate evidence or rational foundation to warrant belief.









































critical thinking was described by richard w. paul as a movement in two waves (1994). the "first wave" of critical thinking is often referred to as
critical thinking
since the 1980s, informal logic has been partnered and even equated, in the minds of many, with critical thinking. the precise definition of "critical thinking" is a subject of much dispute. critical thinking, as defined by johnson, is the evaluation of an intellectual product (an argument, an explanation, a theory) in terms of its strengths and weaknesses. while critical thinking will include evaluation of arguments and hence require skills of argumentation including informal logic, critical thinking requires additional abilities not supplied by informal logic, such as the ability to obtain and assess information and to clarify meaning. also, many believe that critical thinking requires certain dispositions. understood in this way, "critical thinking" is a broad term for the attitudes and skills that are involved in analyzing and evaluating arguments. the critical thinking movement promotes critical thinking as an educational ideal. the movement emerged with great force in the '80s in north america as part of an ongoing critique of education as regards the thinking skills not being taught.
informal logic