confederate forces won the battle of bull run.
confederate forces won the battle of bull run.
who won the the battle of bull run?
confederate forces
during the early years of the american civil war, the bull run/occoquan river formed the boundary of the "alexandria line", which confederate forces established to protect their capitol from union advances before the first battle of bull run. a skirmish occurred near blackburn's ford along the upper part of this trail on july 18, 1861. between blackburn's ford and union mills, the former southern railway trestle over pope's head creek is visible; the upper structure was burned several times during the multi-year conflict. an earthen fort constructed to protect another ford can still be seen at little rocky run. lands surrounding the trail are now subject to 5-acre zoning, so the roads to the five major trailheads (bull run regional park, route 28, hemlock overlook regional park, bull run marina and fountainhead regional park) retain a semi-rural character.
bull run-occoquan trail
in 1973, joseph miller, jr., a retired portland physician, sued the forest service, claiming that its logging violated the bull run trespass act. in 1976, u.s. district judge james m. burns agreed, and logging was halted. shortly thereafter, congress rescinded the bull run trespass act and replaced it with the bull run watershed management act of 1977, which created the bull run watershed management unit (brwmu) (replacing the bull run reserve) and legalized further bull run logging unless it could be shown to reduce water quality. logging and the debate about logging continued. in 1994 about 75 percent of the brwmu was made into a reserve for protecting the northern spotted owl and other species dependent on old-growth forests. in february 1996, runoff from unusually heavy rains in the watershed washed so much eroded soil into the bull run storage reservoirs that the city had to shut down the bull run supply and switch during the crisis to its emergency supply from a well field along the columbia river. later in 1996, congress passed the oregon resources conservation act, which prohibited logging on all forest service lands within the bull run water supply drainage and another of land that drained to the lower bull run river. in 2001, the little sandy act extended the prohibitions to the entire brwmu and public lands along the little sandy river.
bull run river (oregon)