carl jung classified personality as extroverts introverts and ambiverts.
carl jung classified personality as extroverts introverts and ambiverts.
who classified personality as extroverts introverts and ambiverts?
carl jung
personality type refers to the psychological classification of different types of people. personality types are distinguished from personality traits, which come in different degrees. there are many types of theories regarding personality, but each theory contains several and sometimes many sub theories. a "theory of personality" constructed by any given psychologist will contain multiple relating theories or sub theories often expanding as more psychologists explore the theory. for example, according to type theories, there are two types of people, introverts and extroverts. according to trait theories, introversion and extroversion are part of a continuous dimension with many people in the middle. the idea of psychological types originated in the theoretical work of carl jung, specifically in his 1921 book "psychologische typen" ("psychological types") and william marston.
personality psychology
eysenck's theory of arousal describes the different natural frequency or arousal states of the brains of people who are introverted versus people who are extroverted. the theory states that the brains of extroverts are naturally less stimulated, so these types have a predisposition to seek out situations and partake in behaviors that will stimulate arousal. whereas extroverts are naturally under-stimulated and therefore actively engage in arousing situations, introverts are naturally over-stimulated and therefore avoid intense arousal. campbell and hawley (1982) studied the differences in introverts versus extroverts responses to particular work environments in the library. the study found that introverts were more likely to choose quiet areas with minimal to no noise or people. extroverts were more likely to choose areas with much activity with more noise and people. daoussiss and mckelvie's (1986) research showed that introverts performed worse on memory tasks when they were in the presence of music compared to silence. extroverts were less affected by the presence of music. similarly, belojevic, slepcevic and jokovljevic (2001) found that introverts had more concentration problems and fatigue in their mental processing when work was coupled with external noise or distracting factors. the level of arousal surrounding the individuals greatly affected their ability to perform tasks and behaviors, with the introverts being more affected than the extroverts, because of each's naturally high and low levels of stimulation, respectively.
arousal