the united states declaration of independence is the famous american document that represented many enlightened ideas about government.
the united states declaration of independence is the famous american document that represented many enlightened ideas about government.
what famous american document represented many enlightened ideas about government?
united states declaration of independence
in "our own worst enemy" lederer relates that, as a young navy lieutenant, junior grade in 1940, he had a chance meeting with a jesuit priest, father pierre cogny, and his vietnamese assistant, "mr. nguyen", while waiting out a japanese bombing raid in china. father pierre asked lederer if he had a copy of the united states declaration of independence on his gunboat, and lederer said that he did and provided them with a copy. "mr. nguyen" was eager to deliver the document to "tong van so" who later became known as ho chi minh, the vietnamese communist revolutionary and statesman who served as prime minister (1946–1955) and president (1945–1969) of the democratic republic of vietnam (north vietnam). the 1945 proclamation of independence of the democratic republic of vietnam, written by ho chi minh, begins by quoting from the american document. this book describes how the united states supported a corrupt president ngo diem in south vietnam, ignored massive black market selling of stolen u.s. military supplies, food, and foreign aid, and refused to stand up to corrupt local officials who stole donated food and supplies, took kickbacks and bullied their own population, as we continued saying "it's their country, and we americans are only guests here."
william lederer
in regard to english coffeehouses, there is contention among historians as to the extent to which coffeehouses should be considered within the public sphere of the enlightenment. dorinda outram places english coffeehouses within an intellectual public sphere, focusing on the transfusion of enlightened ideas. she justifies her placement of english coffeehouses within an 'intellectual public sphere' by naming them "commercial operations, open to all who could pay and thus provided ways in which many different social strata could be exposed to the same ideas." she also argues that enlightened ideas were transfused through print culture, a culture that became open to larger number of individuals after the 'reading revolution' at the end of the 18th century. according to outram, as english coffeehouses offered various forms of print items, such as newspapers, journals and some of the latest books, they are to be considered within the public sphere of the enlightenment. historian james van horn melton offers another perspective and places english coffeehouses within a more political public sphere of the enlightenment. according to melton, english coffeehouses were "born in an age of revolution, restoration, and bitter party rivalries. (they) provided public space at a time when political action and debate had begun to spill beyond the institutions that had traditionally contained them." he uses the fact that harrington's "arch republican" rota club met within an early london coffeehouse to discuss political issues as evidence that english coffeehouses were depicted as centres of "religious and political dissent." he also offers evidence that different political groups used the popularity of coffeehouses for their own political ends: puritans encouraged coffeehouse popularity because proprietors forbade the consumption of alcohol within their establishment, whereas royalist critics associated coffeehouses with incessant and unwarranted political talk by common subjects.
english coffeehouses in the 17th and 18th centuries