the united states and britain began to become political allies in 1783.
the united states and britain began to become political allies in 1783.
when did the united states and britain begin to become political allies?
1783
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green industrial policy can induce a green spiral and can also break path dependence. economists view carbon pricing as the most compelling approach to the mitigation of climate change, but their opinion ignores the political cost of radical adoption of carbon pricing and its lack of political feasibility. as a result, immediate adoption of carbon pricing often fails, and carbon pricing schemes are often designed to adapt to demands of the polluters, which makes them ineffective. green industrial policy addresses the issue of a lack of political feasibility. green spiral means gip and carbon pricing approaches are most effective when they are produced in a sequence to increase climate policy support over time. gip contributes to the growth of a political landscape of coalitions and interests, such as renewable energy firms and investors, that benefit from energy transformation. those alliances and interests generate political support for gip, even when unsustainable industries may oppose it. furthermore, they become political allies during the development of stricter climate policy that negatively affects polluters. thus, gip creates positive feedback. early gip helps green industries expand, and the more they expand, the more support increases for decarbonised energy systems, and the easier it becomes to apply stricter climate policy, such as carbon pricing. a green spiral makes sustainability feasible, attractive, and profitable for industries, which encourages the adoption of sustainable business techniques. for example, feed-in tariffs create direct incentives for the growth of green industry groups and can push sustainable changes in investment and revenues. changes create support for policy and technology experimentation and induce progress towards system-wide transformation. a green spiral can create energy transitions to renewables and lower the political costs of transitions.
green industrial policy