william henry developed the method of volume by water displacement.
william henry developed the method of volume by water displacement.
who developed the method of volume by water displacement?
william henry
the story of the golden crown does not appear in the known works of archimedes. moreover, the practicality of the method it describes has been called into question, due to the extreme accuracy with which one would have to measure the water displacement. archimedes may have instead sought a solution that applied the principle known in hydrostatics as archimedes' principle, which he describes in his treatise "on floating bodies". this principle states that a body immersed in a fluid experiences a buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces. using this principle, it would have been possible to compare the density of the crown to that of pure gold by balancing the crown on a scale with a pure gold reference sample of the same weight, then immersing the apparatus in water. the difference in density between the two samples would cause the scale to tip accordingly. galileo considered it "probable that this method is the same that archimedes followed, since, besides being very accurate, it is based on demonstrations found by archimedes himself." in a 12th-century text titled "mappae clavicula" there are instructions on how to perform the weighings in the water in order to calculate the percentage of silver used, and thus solve the problem. the latin poem "carmen de ponderibus et mensuris" of the 4th or 5th century describes the use of a hydrostatic balance to solve the problem of the crown, and attributes the method to archimedes.
archimedes
bunn-o-matic came out with a different drip-brew machine. in this type of coffeemaker, the machine uses a holding tank or boiler pre-filled with water. when the machine is turned on, all of the water in the holding tank is brought to near boiling point (approximately 200207 °f or 9397 °c) using a thermostatically-controlled heating element. when water is poured into a top-mounted tray, it descends into a funnel and tube which delivers the cold water to the bottom of the boiler. the less-dense hot water in the boiler is displaced out of the tank and into a tube leading to the spray head, where it drips into a brew basket containing the ground coffee. the pourover, water displacement method of coffeemaking tends to produce brewed coffee at a much faster rate than standard drip designs. its primary disadvantage is increased electricity consumption in order to preheat the water in the boiler. additionally, the water displacement method is most efficient when used to brew coffee at the machine's maximum or near-maximum capacity, as typically found in restaurant or office usage. in 1963, bunn introduced the first automatic coffee brewer, which connected to a waterline for an automatic water feed.
coffeemaker