the energy to form a peptide bond comes from atp.
the energy to form a peptide bond comes from atp.
where does the energy to form a peptide bond come from?
atp
the amide bond is "synthesized" when the carboxyl group of one amino acid molecule reacts with the amino group of the other amino acid molecule, causing the release of a molecule of water (ho), hence the process is a dehydration synthesis reaction.









































the formation of the peptide bond consumes energy, which, in organisms, is derived from atp. peptides and proteins are chains of amino acids held together by peptide bonds (and sometimes by a few isopeptide bonds). organisms use enzymes to produce nonribosomal peptides, and ribosomes to produce proteins via reactions that differ in details from dehydration synthesis.
peptide bond
the process begins with an n-o or n-s shift when the side chain of the first residue (a serine, threonine, or cysteine) of the intein portion of the precursor protein nucleophilically attacks the peptide bond of the residue immediately upstream (that is, the final residue of the n-extein) to form a linear ester (or thioester) intermediate. a transesterification occurs when the side chain of the first residue of the c-extein attacks the newly formed (thio)ester to free the n-terminal end of the intein. this forms a branched intermediate in which the n-extein and c-extein are attached, albeit not through a peptide bond. the last residue of the intein is always an asparagine, and the amide nitrogen atom of this side chain cleaves apart the peptide bond between the intein and the c-extein, resulting in a free intein segment with a terminal cyclic imide. finally, the free amino group of the c-extein now attacks the (thio)ester linking the n- and c-exteins together. an o-n or s-n shift produces a peptide bond and the functional, ligated protein.
intein