the eighteenth amendment authorized congress to levy an income tax.
the eighteenth amendment authorized congress to levy an income tax.
the ____ amendment authorized congress to levy an income tax?
the eighteenth amendment
in the dissent, justice louis brandeis took issue with the majority's interpretation of income. he argued that the sixteenth amendment authorized congress to tax "incomes, from whatever source derived" and that the authors of the amendment "intended to include thereby everything which by reasonable understanding can fairly be regarded as income." also, "congress possesses the power which it exercised to make dividends representing profits, taxable as income, whether the medium in which the dividend is paid be cash or stock, and that it may define, as it has done, what dividends representing profits shall be deemed income."
eisner v. macomber
the civil rights act of 1866 (passed by congress over the veto of andrew johnson) provided the basis for this decision as embodied by .









































reversing many precedents, the supreme court held that the civil rights act of 1866 prohibited both private and state-backed discrimination and that the 13th amendment authorized congress to prohibit private acts of discrimination as among "the badges and incidents of slavery." congress possessed the power to "determine what are the badges and incidents of slavery, and the authority to translate that determination into effective legislation."









































section::::see also.
jones v. alfred h. mayer co.