the social model of disability was created in the 1960s.
the social model of disability was created in the 1960s.
when was the social model of disability created?
1960s
the social model of disability is a reaction to the dominant medical model of disability which in itself is a functional analysis of the body as machine to be fixed in order to conform with normative values. the social model of disability identifies systemic barriers, negative attitudes and exclusion by society (purposely or inadvertently) that mean society is the main contributory factor in disabling people. while physical, sensory, intellectual, or psychological variations may cause individual functional limitation or impairments, these do not have to lead to disability unless society fails to take account of and include people regardless of their individual differences. the origins of the approach can be traced to the 1960s; the specific term emerged from the united kingdom in the 1980s.
social model of disability
the social model of disability sees "disability" as a socially created problem and a matter of the full integration of individuals into society. in this model, disability is not an attribute of an individual, but rather a complex collection of conditions, created by the social environment. the management of the problem requires social action and it is the collective responsibility of society to create a society in which limitations for disabled people are minimal. disability is both cultural and ideological in creation. according to the social model, equal access for someone with an impairment/disability is a human rights concern. the social model of disability has come under criticism. while recognizing the importance played by the social model in stressing the responsibility of society, scholars, including tom shakespeare, point out the limits of the model, and urge the need for a new model that will overcome the "medical vs. social" dichotomy. the limitations of this model mean that often the vital services and information persons with disabilities face are simply not available, often due to limited economic returns in supporting them.
disability