the scapula is the end of a long bone covered in articular hyaline cartilage.
the scapula is the end of a long bone covered in articular hyaline cartilage.
the end of a long bone covered in articular hyaline cartilage?
the scapula
the long bones are those that are longer than they are wide. they are one of five types of bones: long, short, flat, irregular and sesamoid. long bones, especially the femur and tibia, are subjected to most of the load during daily activities and they are crucial for skeletal mobility. they grow primarily by elongation of the diaphysis, with an epiphysis at each end of the growing bone. the ends of epiphyses are covered with hyaline cartilage ("articular cartilage"). the longitudinal growth of long bones is a result of endochondral ossification at the epiphyseal plate. bone growth in length is stimulated by the production of growth hormone (gh), a secretion of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
long bone
cartilage is a thin, elastic tissue that protects the bone and makes certain that the joint surfaces can slide easily over each other. cartilage ensures supple knee movement. there are two types of joint cartilage in the knees: fibrous cartilage (the meniscus) and hyaline cartilage. fibrous cartilage has tensile strength and can resist pressure. hyaline cartilage covers the surface along which the joints move. collagen fibres within the articular cartilage have been described by benninghoff as arising from the subchondral bone in a radial manner, building so called gothic arches. on the surface of the cartilage these fibres appear in a tangential orientation and increase the abrasion resistance. there are no blood vessels inside of the hyaline cartilage, the alimentation is performed per diffusion. synovial fluid and the subchondral bone marrow serve both as nutrition sources for the hyaline cartilage. lack of at least one source induces a degeneration. cartilage will wear over the years. cartilage has a very limited capacity for self-restoration. the newly formed tissue will generally consist of a large part of fibrous cartilage of lesser quality than the original hyaline cartilage. as a result, new cracks and tears will form in the cartilage over time.
knee