confucius was the chinese idea that expressed the right to govern.
confucius was the chinese idea that expressed the right to govern.
chinese idea that expressed the right to govern?
confucius
the major confucian concepts include "rén" 仁 (humanity or humaneness), "zhèngmíng" 正名 (rectification of names; e.g. a ruler who rules unjustly is no longer a ruler and may be dethroned), "zhōng" 忠 (loyalty), "xiào" 孝 (filial piety), and "li" 禮 (ritual). confucius taught both positive and negative versions of the golden rule. the concepts yin and yang represent two opposing forces that are permanently in conflict with each other, leading to perpetual contradiction and change. the confucian idea of "rid of the two ends, take the middle" is a chinese equivalent of hegel's idea of "thesis, antithesis, and synthesis", which is a way of reconciling opposites, arriving at some middle ground combining the best of both. confucius heavily emphasized the idea of microcosms in society (subunits of family and community) success's were the foundations for a successful state or country. confucius believed in the use of education to further knowledge the people in ethics, societal behavior, and reverence in other humans. with the combination of education, successful family, and his ethical teachings he believed he could govern a well established society in china.
chinese philosophy
tlv mirrors are circular. at their centers is a circular boss inset on a square panel. according to schuyler camman, the design of tlv mirrors was cosmologically significant. the v shapes served to give the inner square the appearance of being placed in the middle of a cross. this forms an illustration of the chinese idea of the five directions – north, south, west, east and center. the central square represents china as the ‘middle kingdom.’ the area in between the central square and the circle represented the ‘four seas.’ during the han dynasty the ‘four seas’ represented territories outside china, and did not literally refer to water. the central square within the round mirror likely alludes to the ancient chinese idea that heaven was round and earth was square. the ts represented the concept of the ‘four gates of the middle kingdom,’ an idea present in chinese literature. they could have also represented the idea of the four inner gates of the han place of sacrifice, or the gates of the imperial tombs built during the han period. the ls possibly symbolized the marshes and swamps beyond the ‘four seas,’ at the ends of the earth. the bending of the ls could possibly have served to create a rotating effect which symbolized the four seasons, which were very closely related to the cardinal directions. the nine nipples in the central square likely represented the ‘nine regions of the earth as discussed by cammann as having come from the shiji. the eight nipples outside of the central square were most likely a representations of the eight pillars, mountains that held up the canopy of heaven. the area between the inner round border and the outer rim of the mirror was often filled with swirls that represented the clouds in heaven.
tlv mirror