the dorsal part of a turtle's shell is called the mantle.
the dorsal part of a turtle's shell is called the mantle.
the dorsal part of a turtle's shell is called the?
mantle
in a few orders, such as solifugae and schizomida, the carapace may be subdivided. in opiliones, some authors prefer to use the term carapace interchangeably with the term cephalothorax, which is incorrect usage, because carapace refers only to the dorsal part of the exoskeleton of the cephalothorax.









































alternative terms for the carapace of arachnids and their relatives, which avoids confusion with crustaceans, are prosomal dorsal shield and peltidium.









































section::::turtles and tortoises.









































the carapace is the dorsal (back) convex part of the shell structure of a turtle, consisting primarily of the animal's rib cage, dermal armor, and scutes.
carapace
during the process of limb development, proximal neurons are the first to form axonal bundles while growing towards the cns. in later stages of limb growth, axons from more distal neurons fasciculate with these pioneer axons. deletion of pioneer neurons disrupts the extension of later axons, destined to innervate the cns. at the same time, it is worth noting that in most cases pioneer neurons do not contain unique characteristics and their role in axon guidance can be substituted by other neurons. for instance, in xenopus retinotectal connection systems, the pioneer axons of retinal ganglion cells originate from the dorsal part of the eye. however, if the dorsal half of the eye is replaced by less mature dorsal part, ventral neurons can replace the pioneer pathway of the dorsal cells, after some delay. studies in zebrafish retina showed that inhibiting neural differentiation of early retinal progenitors prevents axons from exiting the eye. the same study demonstrated aberrant growth trajectories in secondary neurons, following the growth of pioneer neurons missing a guidance receptor. thus, while the extent of guidance provided by pioneer axons is under debate and may vary from system to system, the pioneer pathways clearly provide the follower projections with guidance cues and enhance their ability to navigate to target.
axon guidance