members elected to our two houses of congress are selected by constituency.
members elected to our two houses of congress are selected by constituency.
members elected to our two houses of congress are selected by?
constituency
the constitution of 1927 established a bicameral legislature. the two houses were the vouli (, ) and the senate (, ). further, the constitution outlines the duties of the two houses and the number of parliamentarians. the lower house was to be made up of between 200 and 250 members elected in their constituency for four-year terms. the senate had a more complex composition; article 58 states that it is made up of 120 senators of which 92 were directly or indirectly elected by the people, 10 were elected by a joint session of the vouli and the senate and 18 were elected by 8 unions representing various vocations including merchants (1), industrialists (3), workers (5) and academics (1). of the 92 senators directly or indirectly elected by the people, 90 were allocated to parliamentary constituencies of varying size for direct election and two were given to ethnic minorities for election through an electoral college: 1 for the turks of western thrace and 1 for the jews of thessaloniki. each senator served a nine-year term, while the composition of the senate was renewed by 1/3 every three years. the salaries of members of parliament in both houses were the same.
second hellenic republic
under the constitution of the empire of japan, the imperial diet ("teikoku-gikai") was a bicameral legislature of two houses generally equal in legislative authority, and while the members of both houses received the same financial compensation – between 1920 and 1947: 7500 yen for the two presidents, ¥4500 for the two vice-presidents, ¥3000 for all other members of both houses except imperial princes, dukes and marquesses –, their status was different by definition: the upper house consisted mainly of hereditary nobles and lifetime-appointed peers, the lower house of elected commoners. in the 1st imperial diet in 1890, there were initially 551 members of the imperial diet ("teikoku-gikai giin", 帝国議会議員, or in contemporaneous script 帝國議會議員): 251 members of the house of peers ("kizokuin giin", 貴族院議員) and 300 members of the house of representatives "(shūgiin giin)"; of the house of peers members, 10 were members of the imperial family, 31 were hereditary members from the two upper nobility ranks, 104 were members elected in mutual elections from the three lower nobility ranks, 61 were lifetime-appointed members (many of these from the bureaucracy) and 45 were members elected by the 15 top taxpayers in each of the 45 prefectures. but the number of noble and appointed members of the house of peers was not fixed and varied gradually over time as members died or new peerages were granted; the number of elected top taxpayer seats, imperial academy seats (introduced in 1925), members appointed from the colonies chōsen/korea and taiwan/formosa (introduced in 1945), and the size of the house of representatives was fixed by law, but was also changed several times over the decades. the last, 92nd imperial diet of 1946–47 had 839 members: 466 members of the house of representatives and 373 members of the house of peers. as the regulations establishing the cabinet "(naikaku)" and the cabinet's prime minister "(naikaku sōri-daijin)" were decreed before the imperial constitution, the prime minister didn't have to be a member of the imperial diet, but after the establishment of the imperial diet in 1890, many prime ministers were appointed from the house of peers, only very few were members of the house of representatives (takashi hara, osachi hamaguchi, tsuyoshi inukai).
member of parliament