the bill of rights was added to the constitution by james madison.
the bill of rights was added to the constitution by james madison.
the bill of rights was added to the constitution by?
james madison
some representatives mistrusted proposals to enlarge federal powers, because they were concerned about the inherent risks of centralizing power. federalists, including james madison, initially argued that a bill of rights was unnecessary, sufficiently confident that the federal government could never raise a standing army powerful enough to overcome a militia. federalist noah webster argued that an armed populace would have no trouble resisting the potential threat to liberty of a standing army. anti-federalists, on the other hand, advocated amending the constitution with clearly defined and enumerated rights providing more explicit constraints on the new government. many anti-federalists feared the new federal government would choose to disarm state militias. federalists countered that in listing only certain rights, unlisted rights might lose protection. the federalists realized there was insufficient support to ratify the constitution without a bill of rights and so they promised to support amending the constitution to add a bill of rights following the constitution's adoption. this compromise persuaded enough anti-federalists to vote for the constitution, allowing for ratification. the constitution was declared ratified on june 21, 1788, when nine of the original thirteen states had ratified it. the remaining four states later followed suit, although the last two states, north carolina and rhode island, ratified only after congress had passed the bill of rights and sent it to the states for ratification. james madison drafted what ultimately became the bill of rights, which was proposed by the first congress on june 8, 1789, and was adopted on december 15, 1791.
second amendment to the united states constitution
the first amendment is part of a group of 10 amendments to the united states constitution known as the bill of rights. the idea of adding a bill of rights to the constitution was proposed by george mason five days before the conclusion of the constitutional convention held in philadelphia in 1787. his proposal was rejected by the other delegates. alexander hamilton later argued in "the federalist papers" that a bill of rights was unnecessary, claiming that since the constitution granted limited powers to the federal government, it did not grant the new government the power to abuse the rights that would be secured by a bill of rights. nevertheless, the supporters of the constitution (known as federalists) in order to secure its ratification in massachusetts, agreed to add a group of amendments to the constitution after its ratification that would serve as a bill of rights. later, six more states likewise recommended the addition of a bill of rights, and the idea also gained the support of jefferson and madison. when the first federal congress met in 1789, madison implemented the idea by introducing 17 amendments to the constitution. by december 1791, ten of his amendments were ratified by the necessary three quarters of the states, and they became part of the us constitution, thereafter becoming known as "the bill of rights".
establishment clause