fortifications were being built in china that became part of the great wall in 221 bc.
fortifications were being built in china that became part of the great wall in 221 bc.
when were fortifications being built in china that became part of the great wall?
221 bc
one of the first mentions of a wall built against northern invaders is found in a poem, dated from the seventh century bc, recorded in the "classic of poetry". the poem tells of a king, now identified as king xuan (r. 827782) of the western zhou dynasty (1046771), who commanded general nan zhong () to build a wall in the northern regions to fend off the xianyun. the xianyun, whose base of power was in the ordos region, were regarded as part of the charioteering rong tribes, and their attacks aimed at the early zhou capital region of haojing were probably the reason for king xuan's response. nan zhong's campaign was recorded as a great victory. however, only a few years later in 771 bc another branch of the rong people, the quanrong, responded to a summons by the renegade marquess of shen by over-running the zhou defences and laying waste to the capital. the cataclysmic event killed king xuan's successor king you (795–771 ), forced the court to move the capital east to chengzhou (, later known as luoyang) a year later, and thus ushered in the eastern zhou dynasty (770–256). most importantly, the fall of western zhou redistributed power to the states that had acknowledged zhou's nominal rulership. the rule of the eastern zhou dynasty was marked by bloody interstate anarchy. with smaller states being annexed and larger states waging constant war upon one another, many rulers came to feel the need to erect walls to protect their borders. of the earliest textual reference to such a wall was the state of chu's wall of 656 bc, of which were excavated in southern henan province in the modern era. however the chu border fortifications consisted of many individual mountain fortresses; they do not constitute to a lengthy, single wall. the state of qi also had fortified borders up by the 7th century bc, and the extant portions in shandong province had been christened the great wall of qi. the state of wei built two walls, the western one completed in 361 bc and the eastern in 356 bc, with the extant western wall found in hancheng, shaanxi. even non-chinese peoples built walls, such as the di state of zhongshan and the yiqu rong, whose walls were intended to defend against the state of qin.
history of the great wall of china
great wall (disambiguation)









































the great wall of china is a series of stone and earthen fortifications in china.









































great wall or great wall of china may also refer to:









































section::::astronomy.









































bullet::::- cfa2 great wall, the original great wall of galaxies, or northern great wall









































bullet::::- hercules–corona borealis great wall









































bullet::::- southern great wall or sculptor wall









































bullet::::- sloan great wall









































section::::business.









































bullet::::- great wall airlines, a chinese cargo airline









































bullet::::- great wall motors, a chinese automobile manufacturer









































bullet::::- great wall wine, a chinese wine producer









































section::::film.









































bullet::::- "a great wall", 1986 comedy film
great wall (disambiguation)