under god was inserted into the pledge of allegiance in 1954.
under god was inserted into the pledge of allegiance in 1954.
when was under god inserted into the pledge of allegiance?
1954
the decision did specifically mention the pledge at several points. the court theorized that the pledge might be constitutional if either the words "under god" inserted in 1954 had, due to the passage of time, lost their religious meaning by 1963, or if one equated a personal public declaration of loyalty with the act of reading a document created by a historical figure—"this general principle might also serve to insulate the various patriotic exercises and activities used in the public schools and elsewhere which, whatever may have been their origins, no longer have a religious purpose or meaning. the reference to divinity in the revised pledge of allegiance, for example, may merely recognize the historical fact that our nation was believed to have been founded 'under god'. thus reciting the pledge may be no more of a religious exercise than the reading aloud of lincoln's gettysburg address, which contains an allusion to the same historical fact."
criticism of the pledge of allegiance
section::::collections.









































section::::collections.:trade paperbacks.









































bullet::::- "hey buddy! volume i of the complete buddy bradley stories from hate" fantagraphics books 978-1560971139. (collects issues 1–5)









































bullet::::- "buddy the dreamer: volume ii of the complete buddy bradley stories from hate" fantagraphics books 978-1560971559 (collects issues 6–10)









































bullet::::- "fun with buddy + lisa: volume iii of the complete buddy bradley stories from hate" fantagraphics books 978-1560971764 (collects issues 11–15)









































bullet::::- "buddy go home: volume iv of the complete buddy bradley stories from hate" 1998, fantagraphics books 978-1560972761 (collects issues 16–20)
hate (comics)