attila the hun led the huns in the 5th century.
attila the hun led the huns in the 5th century.
who led the huns in the 5th century?
attila the hun
the first such barbarian tribe to enter the balkans were the goths. from northern east germany, via scythia, they pushed southwards into the roman balkans following the threat of the huns. these goths were eventually granted lands inside the byzantine realm (south of the danube), as "foederati" (allies). however, after a period of famine, the proto-visigoths rebelled and defeated the emperor in 378. the visigoths subsequently sacked rome in 410, and in an attempt to deal with them, they were granted lands in france. the huns, a confederation of a turkic-uralic ruling core that subsequently incorporated various germanic, sarmatian and slavic tribes, moved west into europe entering pannonia in 400–410 ad. the huns are supposed to have triggered the great german migrations into western europe. from their base, the huns subdued many people and carved out a sphere of terror extending from germany and the baltic to the black sea. with the death of attila the hun in 454 ad, succession struggles led to the rapid collapse of hun prestige and subsequent disappearance from europe. in the meantime, the ostrogoths freed themselves from hunnish domination in 454 ad and became foedorati as well. the ostrogoths too migrated westwards, commissioned by the byzantines, and established a state in italy. in the second half of the 5th- and first of the 6th century, new germanic barbarian tribes entered the balkans. the gepids, having lived in dacia in the 3rd century with the goths, settled pannonia and eventually conquered singidunum (belgrade) and sirmium (sremska mitrovica), establishing a short-lived kingdom in the 6th century. the lombards entered pannonia in 550s, defeated the gepids and absorbed them. in 569 they moved into northern italy, establishing their own kingdom at the expense of the ostrogoths.
history of the balkans
at the beginning of the 5th century, the hephthalites (white huns), along with other nomadic groups, attacked persia. at first bahram v and yazdegerd ii inflicted decisive defeats against them and drove them back eastward. the huns returned at the end of the 5th century and defeated peroz i (457–484) in 483. following this victory, the huns invaded and plundered parts of eastern persia continually for two years. they exacted heavy tribute for some years thereafter.
sasanian empire