troposphere is the term we use for the lowest layer of the atmosphere.
troposphere is the term we use for the lowest layer of the atmosphere.
what term do we use for the lowest layer of the atmosphere?
troposphere
bullet::::- stratopause – the upper boundary of the stratosphere









































bullet::::- stratosphere – the layer of the atmosphere above the troposphere









































bullet::::- ozone layer – the region of earth's stratosphere that absorbs most of the sun's uv radiation









































bullet::::- tropopause – the boundary of the atmosphere between the troposphere and stratosphere









































bullet::::- troposphere – the lowest layer of the atmosphere









































bullet::::- planetary boundary layer – the lowest part of the atmosphere, directly influenced by contact with the planetary surface









































bullet::::- by air turbulence









































bullet::::- heterosphere – upper parts of the atmosphere in which the component gases are not well mixed
outline of earth sciences
formula_8 can be used to classify the input into one of formula_9 classes, where each class corresponds to each of the formula_9 hmms at level formula_6. this classification can then be used to generate a new observation for the level formula_12 hmms. at the lowest layer, i.e. level formula_1, primitive observation symbols formula_14 would be generated directly from observations of the modeled process. for example, in a trajectory tracking task the primitive observation symbols would originate from the quantized sensor values. thus at each layer in the lhmm the observations originate from the classification of the underlying layer, except for the lowest layer where the observation symbols originate from measurements of the observed process.
layered hidden markov model