the soviet union detonated its first atomic bomb on september 1949.
the soviet union detonated its first atomic bomb on september 1949.
when did the soviet union detonated its first atomic bomb?
september 1949
by mid 1949, all physics and engineering problems with soviet nuclear project were resolved, manufacturing technologies were completed, weapon design was finalized, and kb-11 finished testing of the bomb and their components. in april 1949, a group led by khariton and k. i. shchelkin, was moved to kb-11 to prepare and carry out the first atomic bomb testing in the ussr. the test site was in the semipalatinsk area in kazakhstan and at 7:00 am on 29 august 1949, the rds-1 charge exploded; this marked the successful completion of the development and testing of the first atomic bomb in the ussr and at a yield of 22 kilotons. at 7:00 am on 29 august 1949, the rds-1 charge exploded; this marked the successful completion of the development and testing of the first atomic bomb in the ussr.
rds-2 linage
published in 1950 by the government printing office, one year after the soviet union detonated their first atomic bomb, the booklet explains how to protect oneself, one's food and water supply, and one's home. it also covered how to prevent burns and what to do if exposed to radiation. because much of the book is arranged around calculations of the effects of the relatively small fission weapons of the time (ca. 20 kilotons), much of the information could be viewed as out of date in terms of nuclear weapons, however the most numerous nuclear weapons in both the us & ussr/russian arsenal are and remain approximately 100 kiloton in yield(e.g. w76 and bulava) due to the flexibility that mirvs offer. it was also published before studies of the effects of nuclear weapons on civilian areas had taken place. the u.s strategic bombing survey had assessed the civilian response in hiroshima and nagasaki beginning as early as august–september 1945 and its report was "based on a detailed investigation of all the facts, and supported by the testimony of the surviving japanese leaders involved...". secondly, the atomic bomb casualty commission was active from 1946 to 1975 studying the effects of the two bombs on survivors in both cities and thus represented four years of post-bombing study at the time of publication.
survival under atomic attack