oxidative phosphorylation adds a phosphate group to adp to form atp.
oxidative phosphorylation adds a phosphate group to adp to form atp.
what adds a phosphate group to adp to form atp?
oxidative phosphorylation
adp can be interconverted to adenosine triphosphate (atp) and adenosine monophosphate (amp). atp contains one more phosphate group than does adp. amp contains one fewer phosphate group. energy transfer used by all living things is a result of dephosphorylation of atp by enzymes known as atpases. the cleavage of a phosphate group from atp results in the coupling of energy to metabolic reactions and a by-product of adp. being the "molecular unit of currency", atp is continually being reformed from lower-energy species adp and amp. the biosynthesis of atp is achieved throughout processes such as substrate-level phosphorylation, oxidative phosphorylation, and photophosphorylation, all of which facilitating the addition of a phosphate group to adp.
adenosine diphosphate
phosphocreatine can anaerobically donate a phosphate group to adp to form atp during the first two to seven seconds following an intense muscular or neuronal effort. conversely, excess atp can be used during a period of low effort to convert creatine to phosphocreatine. the reversible phosphorylation of creatine (i.e., both the forward and backward reaction) is catalyzed by several creatine kinases. the presence of creatine kinase (ck-mb, mb for muscle/brain) in blood plasma is indicative of tissue damage and is used in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction. the cell's ability to generate phosphocreatine from excess atp during rest, as well as its use of phosphocreatine for quick regeneration of atp during intense activity, provides a spatial and temporal buffer of atp concentration. in other words, phosphocreatine acts as high-energy reserve in a coupled reaction; the energy given off from donating the phosphate group is used to regenerate the other compound - in this case, atp. phosphocreatine plays a particularly important role in tissues that have high, fluctuating energy demands such as muscle and brain.
phosphocreatine