most textile factories were located in catalonia in germany during the industrial revolution.
most textile factories were located in catalonia in germany during the industrial revolution.
where were most textile factories located in germany during the industrial revolution?
catalonia
textile manufacture during the british industrial revolution









































textile manufacture during the industrial revolution in britain was centred in south lancashire and the towns on both sides of the pennines. in germany it was concentrated in the wupper valley, ruhr region and upper silesia, in spain it was concentrated in catalonia while in the united states it was in new england. the four key drivers of the industrial revolution were textile manufacturing, iron founding, steam power and cheap labour.
textile manufacture during the british industrial revolution
the employment of children, young persons and women is regulated as regards ordinary and exceptional hours of work, ordinary and exceptional meal-times, length of spells and holidays. the outside limits of ordinary periods of employment and holidays are, broadly, the same for textile factories as for non-textile factories and workshops; the main difference lies in the requirement of not less than a total two hours' interval for meals out of the twelve, and a limit of four and a half hours for any spell of work, a longer weekly half holiday, and a prohibition of overtime, in textile factories, as compared with a total one and a half hours' interval for meals and a limit of five hours for spells and (conditional) permission of overtime in non-textile factories. the hours of work must be specified, and from monday to friday may be between 6 a.m. and 6 p.m., or 7 a.m. to 7 p.m.; in non-textile factories and workshops the hours also may be taken between 8 a.m. and 8 p.m. or by order of the secretary of state for special industries 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. between these outside limits, with the proviso that mealtimes must be fixed and limits as to spells observed, women and young persons may be employed the full-time, children on the contrary only half time, on alternate days, or in alternate sets attending school half time regularly. on saturdays, in textile factories in which the period commences at 6 a.m. all manufacturing work must cease at 12 if not less than one hour is given for meals, or i i.30 if less than one hour is given for meals (half an hour extra allowed for cleaning), and in non-textile factories and workshops at 2 p.m., 3 p.m. or 4 p.m., according as the hour of beginning is 6 a.m., 7 a.m. or 8 a.m. in " domestic workshops " the total number of hours for young persons and children must not exceed those allowed in ordinary workshops, but the outside limits for beginning and ending are wider; and the case is similar as regards hours of women in " women's workshops." employment outside a factory or workshop in the business of the same is limited in a manner similar to that laid down in the shop hours act, to be touched on presently. overtime in certain classes of factories, workshops and warehouses attached to them is permitted, under conditions specified in the acts, for women, to meet seasonal or unforeseen pressure of business, or where goods of a perishable nature are dealt with, for young persons only in a very limited degree in factories liable to stoppage for drought or flood, or for an unfinished process. these and other cases of exceptional working are under minute and careful administrative regulations. broadly these same regulations as to exceptional overtime may apply in "laundries" but the act of 1907 granted to laundries not merely ancillary to the manufacture carried on in a factory or workshop (e.g. shirt and collar factories), additional power to fix different periods of employment for different days of the week, and to make use of one or other of two exceptional methods of arranging the daily periods so as to permit of periods of different length on different days; these exceptional periods cannot be worked in addition to overtime permissible under the general law. laundries carried on in connexion with charitable or reformatory institutions were brought in 1907 within the scope of the law, but special schemes for regulation as to hours, meals, holidays, &c., may be submitted by the managers to the secretary of state, who is empowered to approve them if he is satisfied that they are not less favourable than the corresponding provisions of the principal act; such schemes shall be laid as soon as possible before both houses of parliament.
factory and workshop act 1895