metaphase is the part of mitosis wherein the chromosomes align at the equator.
metaphase is the part of mitosis wherein the chromosomes align at the equator.
part of mitosis wherein the chromosomes align at the equator?
metaphase
homologous pairs move together along the metaphase plate: as "kinetochore microtubules" from both centrosomes attach to their respective kinetochores, the paired homologous chromosomes align along an equatorial plane that bisects the spindle, due to continuous counterbalancing forces exerted on the bivalents by the microtubules emanating from the two kinetochores of homologous chromosomes. this attachment is referred to as a bipolar attachment. the physical basis of the independent assortment of chromosomes is the random orientation of each bivalent along the metaphase plate, with respect to the orientation of the other bivalents along the same equatorial line. the protein complex cohesin holds sister chromatids together from the time of their replication until anaphase. in mitosis, the force of kinetochore microtubules pulling in opposite directions creates tension. the cell senses this tension and does not progress with anaphase until all the chromosomes are properly bi-oriented. in meiosis, establishing tension requires at least one crossover per chromosome pair in addition to cohesin between sister chromatids.
meiosis
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