owner's engineer is responsible for contracting for subcontractor service on a project.
owner's engineer is responsible for contracting for subcontractor service on a project.
who is responsible for contracting for subcontractor service on a project?
owner's engineer
general contracting was introduced in the building trades in the 1820s in britain. general contracting reorganized the bidding process by which construction contracts were awarded, and in so doing, challenged the master-journeyman system. general contracting began in the british “office of public works” during the napoleonic wars; they obtained competitive tenders for the whole project by a single builder at fixed cost for the first time. this was a means by which they could limit their liability for cost overruns. by 1825, the system became common in the northwest of england, resulting in a steep fall in wages. general contracting was introduced in upper canada in the construction of public works such as the new parliament buildings in toronto, beginning in 1829. this placed the project in the hands of a single master builder who subcontracted portions of the project to the other trades. rather than “job” the work to a subcontractor, the general contractor would provide his own building materials, hiring masters and their journeymen as labour only. by limiting “jobbing,” the general contractors also eroded the traditional measures by which these jobs were costed. this gave the general contractor more profit, and the masters less.
work and labour organization in upper canada
edgard de trentinian









































louis edgard de trentinian (25 august 1851 – 24 may 1942) was a french soldier during the colonial era before world war i.









































he fought in french indochina, and later was governor of the french sudan. 









































he commanded troops in the early part of world war i.









































section::::early years.









































louis edgard de trentinian was born in brest, france on 25 august 1851, 









































his family was hereditary nobility of breton origin, with a military tradition. his father louis-arthur-ernest (1822-1885), count of trentinian, was a brigadier-general.
edgard de trentinian