the differentiated b cells that produce and secrete large amounts of antibodies are called b lymphocytes.
the differentiated b cells that produce and secrete large amounts of antibodies are called b lymphocytes.
the differentiated b cells that produce and secrete large amounts of antibodies are called?
b lymphocytes
the immune response is the body's response caused by its immune system being activated by antigens. the immune response can include immunity to pathogenic microorganisms and its products, allergies, graft rejections, as well as autoimmunity to self-antigens. in this process the main cells involved are t cells and b cells (sub-types of lymphocytes), and macrophages (a type of leucocyte or white blood cell). these cells produce lymphokines that influence the other host cells' activities. b cells, when activated by helper t cells undergo clonal expansion. b cells differentiate into plasma cells, which are short lived and secrete antibodies, and memory b cells, which are long lived and produce a fast, remembered response when exposed to the same infection in the future. b cells mature to produce immunoglobulins (also known as antibodies), that react with antigens. at the same time, macrophages process the antigens into immunogenic units which stimulate b lymphocytes to differentiate into antibody-secreting plasma cells, stimulating the t cells to release lymphokines.
immune response
now activated, b cells participate in a two-step differentiation process that yields both short-lived plasmablasts for immediate protection and long-lived plasma cells and memory b cells for persistent protection. the first step, known as the extrafollicular response, occurs outside lymphoid follicles but still in the slo. during this step activated b cells proliferate, may undergo immunoglobulin class switching, and differentiate into plasmablasts that produce early, weak antibodies mostly of class igm. the second step consists of activated b cells entering a lymphoid follicle and forming a germinal center (gc), which is a specialized microenvironment where b cells undergo extensive proliferation, immunoglobulin class switching, and affinity maturation directed by somatic hypermutation. these processes are facilitated by t cells within the gc and generate both high-affinity memory b cells and long-lived plasma cells. resultant plasma cells secrete large amounts of antibody and either stay within the slo or, more preferentially, migrate to bone marrow.
b cell