the mohist philosophical school was the first to be known for using methods of nonviolent civil disobedience in protest.
the mohist philosophical school was the first to be known for using methods of nonviolent civil disobedience in protest.
who was the first to be known for using methods of nonviolent civil disobedience in protest?
the mohist philosophical school
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nonviolent resistance is largely but wrongly taken as synonymous with civil disobedience. each of these terms—"nonviolent resistance" and "civil disobedience"—has different connotations and commitments. berel lang argues against the conflation of nonviolent resistance and civil disobedience on the grounds that the necessary conditions for an act instancing civil disobedience are: (1) that the act violates the law, (2) that the act is performed intentionally, and (3), that the actor anticipates and willingly accepts punitive measures made on the part of the state against him in retaliation for the act. since acts of nonviolent political resistance need not satisfy any of these criteria, lang argues that the two categories of action cannot be identified with one another. furthermore, civil disobedience is a form of political action which necessarily aims at reform, rather than revolution: its efforts are typically directed at the disputing of particular laws or group of laws, while conceding the authority of the government responsible for them. in contrast, political acts of nonviolent resistance can have revolutionary ends. finally, according to lang, civil disobedience need not be nonviolent, although the extent and intensity of the violence is limited by the non-revolutionary intentions of the persons engaging in civil disobedience. for example, lang argues, the violent resistance by citizens being forcibly relocated to detentions, short of the use of lethal violence against representatives of the state, could plausibly count as civil disobedience but could not count as nonviolent resistance.
nonviolent resistance