the kushites of meroe had indirect trade relations with iran.
the kushites of meroe had indirect trade relations with iran.
the kushites of meroe had indirect trade relations with?
iran
a decisive clash did not take place however but negotiations instead- with final outcomes that saw major concessions being granted to an enemy of rome. the meroitic diplomats were invited to confer with the roman emperor augustus himself on the greek island of samos where he was headquartered temporarily. that the kushites did not appear as beaten supplicants is suggested by the aggressive message brought to the romans by the envoys of meroe. a bundle of golden arrows was presented with the envoys reputedly saying: ""the candace sends you these arrows. if you want peace, they are a token of her friendship and warmth. if you want war, you are going to need them."" roman interests appeared focused on maintaining a quiet southern border in egypt, and during negotiations, augustus granted the kushite envoys all they asked for, and also cancelled the tribute earlier demanded by rome. premmis (qasr ibrim), and areas north of qasr ibrim in the southern portion of the "thirty-mile strip"] were ceded to the kushites, the dodekaschoinos was established as a buffer zone, and roman forces were pulled back to the old greek ptolemaic border at maharraqa. roman emperor augustus signed the treaty with the kushites on samos. the settlement bought rome peace and quiet on its egyptian frontier, and increased the prestige of roman emperor augustus, demonstrating his skill and ability to do business with the distant kushites, who a short time earlier had been fighting his troops. the respect accorded the emperor by the kushite envoys as the deal was signed also created a favorable impression with other foreign ambassadors present on samos, including envoys from india, and strengthened augustus' hand in upcoming negotiations with the powerful parthians.the settlement ushered in a period of peace between the two empires for around three centuries. inscriptions erected by queen amanirenas on an ancient temple at hamadab, south of meroe, record the war and the favorable outcome for the kushites. along with his signature on the official treaty, roman emperor augustus marked the agreement by directing his administrators to collaborate with regional priests in the erection of a temple at dendur, and inscriptions depict the emperor himself celebrating local deities.
african military systems to 1800
despite the differences between taiwan and mainland china, contact between the two sides of the taiwan strait has grown significantly over the past decade. the roc has continued to relax restrictions on unofficial contacts with the prc, and cross-strait interaction has mushroomed. since 1987, when the ban on travel to mainland china was lifted, taiwan residents have made more than 10 million trips to mainland china. the roc bureau of foreign trade estimates that indirect trade with mainland china reached about us$61.639 billion, or 18% of the total trade of the roc, in 2004. this indirect trade runs heavily in taiwan's favor, providing another outlet for the island's booming economy. in an attempt to facilitate trade, in 1995 the executive yuan approved the construction of an offshore transshipment center at the port of kaohsiung through which direct shipping with the mainland china would be permitted. in april 1997 the first sanctioned direct cross-strait shipping began between selected mainland china ports and kaohsiung for cargo being transshipped through taiwan.
politics of the republic of china