photosynthesis takes place in light dependent reaction at thylakoid membranes.
photosynthesis takes place in light dependent reaction at thylakoid membranes.
where does photosynthesis take place in light dependent reaction?
thylakoid membranes
light-dependent reactions









































in photosynthesis, the light-dependent reactions take place on the thylakoid membranes. the inside of the thylakoid membrane is called the lumen, and outside the thylakoid membrane is the stroma, where the light-independent reactions take place. the thylakoid membrane contains some integral membrane protein complexes that catalyze the light reactions. there are four major protein complexes in the thylakoid membrane: photosystem ii (psii), cytochrome b6f complex, photosystem i (psi), and atp synthase. these four complexes work together to ultimately create the products atp and nadph.
light-dependent reactions
the hill reaction of photosynthesis was discovered by robin hill (1937). he found that isolated chloroplasts from plants can release oxygen when they are illuminated by sunlight in the presence of a suitable electron acceptor such as ferricyanide. to demonstrate the hill reaction in the laboratory dichlorophenolindophenol (dcpip) was used as the terminal electron acceptor, replacing nadp which was not available due to the extraction of the chloroplasts from the plant cellular environment. the ferrocyanide is reduced (just as nadp is when the chloroplast is in vivo) while water (ho) is oxidized into oxygen (o) and hydrogen cations during the reaction. by using this technique to observe the reaction, hill revealed a variety of valuable facts about photosynthesis. the hill reaction confirms that oxygen (o) is produced by a reaction that is separate from carbon dioxide (co) fixation. the reaction in which oxygen is released requires light; therefore the hill reaction can be described as the light dependent reaction of photosynthesis. the reaction in which oxygen is released takes place within the chloroplast of plants and the hill reaction demonstrated that the release of oxygen (o) is only a partial reaction which requires one step of photosynthesis.
hill reaction