the military stopped putting cigarettes in rations in 1971.
the military stopped putting cigarettes in rations in 1971.
when did the military stop putting cigarettes in rations?
1971
the adverse health effects of cigarettes were known by the mid-19th century when they became known as "coffins nails." german doctors were the first to identify the link between smoking and lung cancer, which led to the first antitobacco movement in nazi germany. during world war i and world war ii, cigarettes were rationed to soldiers. during the vietnam war, cigarettes were included with c-ration meals. in 1975, the u.s. government stopped putting cigarettes in military rations. during the second half of the 20th century, the adverse health effects of tobacco smoking started to become widely known and text-only health warnings became common on cigarette packets.
cigarette
during world war i, four types of rations existed: garrison rations, reserve rations, emergency rations, and trench rations. garrison rations were perishable foods like meat and bread. reserve rations were non-perishables, such as canned goods. in response to the need for food for the grand army that invaded russia under napoleon, a french government reward prompted nicolas appert to invent "canning", resulting in the first preserved food for armies (military rations), that came as food stuffed into wine bottles and then boiled to preserve it. emergency rations were compressed meats and cereal bars. trench rations were kept in large steel cans designed to withstand chemical attacks. during the mid-1930s, the names for these rations were changed: garrison rations became a rations; reserve rations became b and c rations; emergency rations became d rations. c rations contained three cans of meat (m) units and bread (b) units. m1 contained meat and beans, m2 contained meat and vegetable hash, and m3 contained meat and vegetable stew. b units contained bread, coffee, and sugar.
history of military nutrition