the two halves of germany reunited in 1990.
the two halves of germany reunited in 1990.
when did the two halves of germany reunite?
1990
the structure of the cup competition has changed throughout the years. for a number of years, the clubs were placed in two pools of three teams each. matches were played in two halves of 20 or 30 minutes each, with all group matches played on a single day. the final was held on another day, and was played in two halves of 45 minutes. between 1996-97 and 2000–01, nine clubs took part, because the royal dutch football association then consisted of nine districts. until 1997, the reserve teams of professional football clubs took part in the district cup competitions; two of them won the knvb amateur cup: ajax reserves in 1983-84 and sc heerenveen reserves in 1990-91. from the 1997-98 season onwards, the reserve teams play in the knvb reserve cup.
knvb amateur cup
the split tally was a technique which became common in medieval europe, which was constantly short of money (coins) and predominantly illiterate, in order to record bilateral exchange and debts. a stick (squared hazelwood sticks were most common) was marked with a system of notches and then split lengthwise. this way the two halves both record the same notches and each party to the transaction received one half of the marked stick as proof. later this technique was refined in various ways and became virtually tamper proof. one of the refinements was to make the two halves of the stick of different lengths. the longer part was called "stock" and was given to the party which had advanced money (or other items) to the receiver. the shorter portion of the stick was called "foil" and was given to the party which had received the funds or goods. using this technique each of the parties had an identifiable record of the transaction. the natural irregularities in the surfaces of the tallies where they were split would mean that only the original two halves would fit back together perfectly, and so would verify that they were matching halves of the same transaction. if one party tried to unilaterally change the value of his half of the tally stick by adding more notches, the absence of those notches would be apparent on the other party's tally stick. the split tally was accepted as legal proof in medieval courts and the napoleonic code (1804) still makes reference to the tally stick in article 1333. along the danube and in switzerland the tally was still used in the 20th century in rural economies.
tally stick