muhammad ali jinnah was the founder of two nation theory.
muhammad ali jinnah was the founder of two nation theory.
who was the founder of two nation theory?
muhammad ali jinnah
present-day pakistan arose out of the pakistan movement, which demanded a separate state for the muslims of the british raj. the movement was based on the two-nation theory put forward by muhammad ali jinnah: the idea that hindus and muslims in british india represented not only different religious communities but also distinct nations, and hence that, in the event of indian independence, they should be divided into two nation states. jinnah (known in pakistan as "quaid-e-azm", meaning "the great leader") outlined the theory as follows:
multinational state
the two nation theory was opposed by the deobandi scholars, a departure from the position of their predecessors shah waliullah, syed ahmed and muhammad ismail. the principal of darul ulum deoband, maulana hussain ahmad madni, not only opposed the two nation theory but sought to redefine indian muslim nationhood. he advocated indian nationalism, believing that nations in modern times were formed on the basis of land, culture, and history. he and other leading deobandi ulama endorsed territorial nationalism, arguing that islam permitted it. despite opposition from most deobandi scholars, maulana ashraf ali thanvi and mufti muhammad shafi instead opted to justify the two nation theory and concept of pakistan. likewise, the barelwi ulama supporting the muslim league and its pakistan demand, argued that befriending 'unbelievers' was forbidden in islam.
two-nation theory