the top part of a birds stomach is called proventriculus.
the top part of a birds stomach is called proventriculus.
what is the top part of a birds stomach called?
proventriculus
birds swallow food and store it in their crop if necessary. then the food passes into their glandular stomach, also called the proventriculus, which is also sometimes referred to as the true stomach. this is the secretory part of the stomach. then the food passes into the gizzard (also known as the "muscular stomach" or "ventriculus"). the gizzard can grind the food with previously swallowed stones and pass it back to the true stomach, and vice versa. in layman's terms, the gizzard 'chews' the food for the bird as it does not have teeth to chew food the way humans and other mammals do. bird gizzards are lined with a tough layer made of the carbohydrate-protein complex koilin, to protect the muscles in the gizzard.
gizzard
as the stomach rotates during early development, the dorsal and ventral mesentery rotate with it; this rotation produces a space anterior to the expanding stomach called the greater sac, and a space posterior to the stomach called the lesser sac. after this rotation the dorsal mesentery thins and forms the greater omentum, which is attached to the greater curvature of the stomach. the ventral mesentery forms the lesser omentum, and is attached to the developing liver. in the adult, these connective structures of omentum and mesentery form the peritoneum, and act as an insulating and protective layer while also supplying organs with blood and lymph vessels as well as nerves. arterial supply to all these structures is from the celiac trunk, and venous drainage is by the portal venous system. lymph from these organs is drained to the prevertebral celiac nodes at the origin of the celiac artery from the aorta.
foregut