four maroon villages still exist in jamaica today.
four maroon villages still exist in jamaica today.
how many maroon villages still exist in jamaica today?
four
by 1 april, the british and french armies were ready to begin operations, against outpost villages still occupied by the germans west of the hindenburg line. the french third army prepared to attack at st quentin on 10 april, for which the preliminary bombardment began on 4 april. the british fourth army prepared to support the attack with artillery and such infantry attacks as could be attempted, while communications were still being repaired. information from captured documents and prisoners had disclosed the details of operation and that outpost villages had to be held for longer than planned, to enable work to continue on the hindenburg line (), where it was being rebuilt south of quéant. despite increased german resistance neuville bourjonval, ruyaulcourt, sorel le grand, heudicourt, fins, dessart wood, ste. emilie, vermand sur omignon, vendelles, jeancourt, herbecourt, épehy, pezières were captured between 28 march and 1 april. deliberate attacks were mounted in early april to take holnon wood, savy (where the german garrison had to be overwhelmed by house-to-house fighting), holnon, sélency (including six german field guns) and francilly sélency. a german counter-attack on 3 april by a storm troop, to recover a german artillery battery from holnon wood, coincided with a british attempt to do the same and failed. the french third army captured the epine de dallon on 3 april, bringing it up to the hindenburg line and on 4 april the british captured metz en couture in a snowstorm. ronssoy, basse boulogne and lempire were captured after house-to-house fighting but an attack on le verguier failed. the villages still held by the germans were found to be in a much better state of defence, with much more barbed wire around them. an attack on fresnoy le petit late on 5 april, was hampered by uncut wire and a second attack the next night was stopped halfway through the village, the defenders holding out until 7 april; an attack on vadencourt also failed. on 9 april the fourth army began a bombardment of the hindenburg line, with such heavy artillery that it had in range, as the third and first armies began the offensive at arras to the north. fighting on the fourth army front, for the remaining outpost villages, went on until the end of april.
hindenburg line
maroon communities turned the severity of their environments to their advantage to hide and defend their communities. disguised pathways, false trails, booby traps, underwater paths, quagmires and quicksand, and natural features were all used to conceal maroon villages.









































maroon men utilized exemplary guerrilla warfare skills to fight their european enemies. nanny, the famous jamaican maroon, developed guerrilla warfare tactics that are still used today by many militaries around the world. european troops used strict and established strategies while maroon men attacked and retracted quickly, used ambush tactics, and fought when and where they wanted to.
maroon (people)