salmonella spp. are typically transmitted from animals to humans by typhimurium.
salmonella spp. are typically transmitted from animals to humans by typhimurium.
salmonella spp. typically transmitted from animals to humans?
typhimurium
most infections are due to ingestion of food contaminated by animal feces, or by human feces, such as by a food-service worker at a commercial eatery. "salmonella" serotypes can be divided into two main groups—typhoidal and nontyphoidal. nontyphoidal serotypes are more common, and usually cause self-limiting gastrointestinal disease. they can infect a range of animals, and are zoonotic, meaning they can be transferred between humans and other animals. typhoidal serotypes include "salmonella" typhi and "salmonella" paratyphi a, which are adapted to humans and do not occur in other animals.









































section::::nontyphoidal "salmonella".









































section::::nontyphoidal "salmonella".:non-invasive.
salmonella
there are numerous zoonotic pathogens shed in feline feces, such as campylobacter and salmonella spp; ascarids (e.g., toxocara cati); hookworms (ancylostoma spp); and the protozoan parasites cryptosporidium spp, giardia spp, and t gondii. contaminated soil is an important source of infection for humans, herbivores, rodents, and birds and several studies suggest that pet feces contribute to bacterial loading of streams and coastal waters.









































free-roaming cat populations have been identified as a source for several zoonotic diseases that can and have affected humans, including: 









































bullet::::- rabies









































bullet::::- toxoplasmosis









































bullet::::- various nematode parasites including intestinal worms









































bullet::::- plague









































bullet::::- tularemia
trap–neuter–return