ottaviano petrucci was the first person to master the art of printing polyphonic music.
ottaviano petrucci was the first person to master the art of printing polyphonic music.
who was the first person to master the art of printing polyphonic music?
ottaviano petrucci
music engraving is the art of drawing music notation at high quality for the purpose of mechanical reproduction. the first machine-printed music appeared around 1473, approximately 20 years after gutenberg introduced the printing press. in 1501, ottaviano petrucci published "harmonice musices odhecaton a", which contained 96 pieces of printed music. petrucci's printing method produced clean, readable, elegant music, but it was a long, difficult process that required three separate passes through the printing press. petrucci later developed a process which required only two passes through the press. but it was still taxing since each pass required very precise alignment for the result to be legible (i.e., so that the note heads would be correctly lined up with the staff lines). this was the first well-distributed printed polyphonic music. petrucci also printed the first tablature with movable type. single impression printing, in which the staff lines and notes could be printed in one pass, first appeared in london around 1520. pierre attaingnant brought the technique into wide use in 1528, and it remained little changed for 200 years.
sheet music
first forms of polyphonic music are developed known as "ars antiqua" or ancient art.









































section::::ars nova (14th century).









































new techniques of rhythm and melody brought more feeling to the music, paving the way for the first important polyphonic music schools. ""ars nova"" means "new art".









































section::::important polyphonic schools (15th–16th centuries).









































bullet::::- netherland (flemish) school: guillaume dufay (1400–1474), josquin des prez (c. 1450–1521), and orlande de lassus (1532–1594)









































bullet::::- venetian school: adrian willaert (c. 1488–1562), and giovanni gabrieli (c. 1557–c.1612)









































bullet::::- roman school: giovanni pierluigi da palestrina (c. 1525–1594), and tomás luis de victoria (c. 1548–1611)









































section::::secular polyphonic music (16th century).
polyphonic era