the xor process is used in the additive cipher.
the xor process is used in the additive cipher.
the xor process is used in which cipher?
additive
xor cipher









































in cryptography, the simple xor cipher is a type of "additive cipher", an encryption algorithm that operates according to the principles:









































where formula_1 denotes the exclusive disjunction (xor) operation. this operation is sometimes called modulus 2 addition (or subtraction, which is identical). with this logic, a string of text can be encrypted by applying the bitwise xor operator to every character using a given key. to decrypt the output, merely reapplying the xor function with the key will remove the cipher.









































section::::example.
xor cipher
the xor operator is extremely common as a component in more complex ciphers. by itself, using a constant repeating key, a simple xor cipher can trivially be broken using frequency analysis. if the content of any message can be guessed or otherwise known then the key can be revealed. its primary merit is that it is simple to implement, and that the xor operation is computationally inexpensive. a simple repeating xor (i.e. using the same key for xor operation on the whole data) cipher is therefore sometimes used for hiding information in cases where no particular security is required. the xor cipher is often used in computer malware to make reverse engineering more difficult.
xor cipher