the capital of mughal empire was shifted from agra to delhi by shah jahan.
the capital of mughal empire was shifted from agra to delhi by shah jahan.
the capital of mughal empire was shifted from agra to delhi by?
shah jahan
babur was a descendant of genghis khan and timur, from the fergana valley in modern-day uzbekistan. in 1526, he invaded india, defeated the last lodhi sultan in the first battle of panipat and founded the mughal empire that ruled from delhi and agra. the mughal dynasty ruled delhi for more than three centuries, with a sixteen-year hiatus during the reigns of sher shah suri and hemu from 1540 to 1556. in 1553, the hindu king hemu acceded to the throne of delhi by defeating forces of mughal emperor humayun at agra and delhi. however, the mughals re-established their rule after akbar's army defeated hemu during the second battle of panipat in 1556. shah jahan built the seventh city of delhi that bears his name "shahjahanabad", which served as the capital of the mughal empire from 1638 and is today known as the "old city" or "old delhi".
delhi
the empire went into decline thereafter. the mughals suffered several blows due to invasions from marathas, jats and afghans. in 1737, the maratha general bajirao of the maratha empire invaded and plundered delhi. under the general amir khan umrao al udat, the mughal emperor sent 8,000 troops to drive away the 5,000 maratha cavalry soldiers. baji rao, however, easily routed the novice mughal general and the rest of the imperial mughal army fled. in 1737, in the final defeat of mughal empire, the commander-in-chief of the mughal army, nizam-ul-mulk, was routed at bhopal by the maratha army. this essentially brought an end to the mughal empire. while bharatpur state under jat ruler suraj mal, overran the mughal garrison at agra and plundered the city taking with them the two great silver doors of the entrance of the famous taj mahal; which were then melted down by suraj mal in 1763. in 1739, nader shah, emperor of iran, defeated the mughal army at the battle of karnal. after this victory, nader captured and sacked delhi, carrying away many treasures, including the peacock throne. mughal rule was further weakened by constant native indian resistance; banda singh bahadur led the sikh khalsa against mughal religious oppression; hindu rajas of bengal, pratapaditya and raja sitaram ray revolted; and maharaja chhatrasal, of bundela rajputs, fought the mughals and established the panna state. the mughal dynasty was reduced to puppet rulers by 1757. sikh holocaust of 1762 took place under the muslim provincial government based at lahore to wipe out the sikhs, with 30,000 sikhs being killed, an offensive that had begun with the mughals, with the sikh holocaust of 1746, and lasted several decades under its muslim successor states.
history of india