rosalind franklin collected data used to describe the current model for the molecular structure of dna and was later awarded the nobel prize for his work based on preliminary results.
rosalind franklin collected data used to describe the current model for the molecular structure of dna and was later awarded the nobel prize for his work based on preliminary results.
based on preliminary results, who collected data used to describe the current model for the molecular structure of dna and was later awarded the nobel prize for his work?
rosalind franklin
franklin was never nominated for a nobel prize. her work was a crucial part in the discovery of dna's structure, which along with subsequent related work led to francis crick, james watson, and maurice wilkins being awarded a nobel prize in 1962. she had died in 1958, and during her lifetime the dna structure was not considered to be fully proven. it took wilkins and his colleagues about seven years to collect enough data to prove and refine the proposed dna structure. moreover, its biological significance, as proposed by watson and crick, was not established. general acceptance for the dna double helix and its function did not start until late in the 1950s, leading to nobel nominations in 1960, 1961, and 1962 for nobel prize in physiology or medicine, and in 1962 for nobel prize in chemistry. the first breakthrough was from matthew meselson and franklin stahl in 1958, who experimentally showed the dna replication of a bacterium "escherichia coli". now known as meselson–stahl experiment, dna was found to replicate into two double-stranded helices, with each helix having one of the original dna strands. this dna replication was firmly established by 1961 after further demonstration in other species, and of the stepwise chemical reaction. according to the 1961 crick–monod letter, this experimental proof, along with wilkins having initiated the dna diffraction work, were the reasons why crick felt that wilkins should be included in the dna nobel prize.
rosalind franklin
alumni have made important contributions to science. some have concentrated their studies on the very small universe of atoms and molecules. nobel laureate william f. giauque (bs 1920, phd 1922) investigated chemical thermodynamics, nobel laureate willard libby (bs 1931, phd 1933) pioneered radiocarbon dating, nobel laureate willis lamb (bs 1934, phd 1938) examined the hydrogen spectrum, nobel laureate hamilton o. smith (ba 1952) applied restriction enzymes to molecular genetics, nobel laureate robert laughlin (ba math 1972) explored the fractional quantum hall effect, and nobel laureate andrew fire (ba math 1978) helped to discover rna interference-gene silencing by double-stranded rna. nobel laureate glenn t. seaborg (phd 1937) collaborated with albert ghiorso (bs 1913) to discover 12 chemical elements, such as "americium", "berkelium", and "californium". david bohm (phd 1943) discovered bohm diffusion. nobel laureate yuan t. lee (phd 1965) developed the crossed molecular beam technique for studying chemical reactions. carol greider (phd 1987), professor of molecular biology and genetics at johns hopkins university school of medicine, was awarded the 2009 nobel prize in medicine for discovering a key mechanism in the genetic operations of cells, an insight that has inspired new lines of research into cancer. harvey itano (bs 1942) conducted breakthrough work on sickle cell anemia that marked the first time a disease was linked to a molecular origin. while he was valedictorian of uc berkeley's class of 1942, he was unable to attend commencement exercises due to internment. narendra karmarkar (phd 1983) is known for the interior point method, a polynomial algorithm for linear programming known as karmarkar's algorithm. national medal of science laureate chien-shiung wu (phd 1940), often known as the "chinese madame curie," disproved the law of conservation of parity for which she was awarded the inaugural wolf prize in physics. kary mullis (phd 1973) was awarded the 1993 nobel prize in chemistry for his role in developing the polymerase chain reaction, a method for amplifying dna sequences. daniel kahneman was awarded the 2002 nobel memorial prize in economics for his work in prospect theory. richard o. buckius, engineer, bachelor's in mechanical engineering '72, masters '73, phd '75, currently chief operating officer of the national science foundation. edward p. tryon (phd 1967) is the physicist who first said our universe originated from a quantum fluctuation of the vacuum.
university of california, berkeley