the reliable instrument record for climate variables began in 1, 500 ad.
the reliable instrument record for climate variables began in 1, 500 ad.
when does the reliable instrument record begin for climate variables?
1, 500 ad
Na
Na
ocean observations









































the following are considered essential ocean climate variables by the ocean observations panel for climate (oopc) that are currently feasible with current observational systems .









































section::::ocean climate variables.









































section::::ocean climate variables.:atmosphere surface.









































air temperature 









































precipitation (meteorology) 









































evaporation 









































air pressure, sea level pressure (slp) 









































surface radiative fluxes 









































surface thermodynamic fluxes 









































wind speed and direction 









































surface wind stress 









































water vapor









































section::::ocean climate variables.:ocean surface.









































sea surface temperature (sst) 









































sea surface salinity (sss) 









































sea level 









































sea state 









































sea ice 









































ocean current 









































ocean color (for biological activity)
ocean observations