the body's systemic arterial pressure receptors are located on the arterial wall.
the body's systemic arterial pressure receptors are located on the arterial wall.
where are the body's systemic arterial pressure receptors located?
the arterial wall
the goal is to unload the arterial wall in order to linearize this phenomenon with a counter pressure as high as the pressure inside the artery. blood volume is kept constant by applying this corresponding pressure from the outside. the continuously changing outside pressure that is needed to keep the arterial blood volume constant directly corresponds to the arterial pressure. it is an instantaneous, continuous measure for arterial blood pressure, which is the basic principle of the so-called “vascular unloading technique”.
history of continuous noninvasive arterial pressure
a simple view of the hemodynamics of systemic arterial pressure is based around mean arterial pressure (map) and pulse pressure. most influences on blood pressure can be understood in terms of their effect on cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance. cardiac output is the product of stroke volume and heart rate, and stroke volume is influenced by blood volume. in the short-term, the greater the blood volume, the higher the cardiac output. this may explain in part the relationship between dietary salt intake and increased blood pressure, where increased salt intake may increase blood volume potentially resulting in higher arterial pressure. however, this varies with the individual and is highly dependent on autonomic nervous system response and the renin–angiotensin system. in the longer-term the relationship between volume and blood pressure is more complex. in simple terms systemic vascular resistance is mainly determined by the caliber of small arteries and arterioles. the resistance attributable to a blood vessel depends on its radius as described by the hagen-poiseuille's equation (resistance∝1/radius). hence, the smaller the radius, the very much higher the resistance. other physical factors that affect resistance include: vessel length (the longer the vessel, the higher the resistance), blood viscosity (the higher the viscosity, the higher the resistance) and the number of vessels, particularly the smaller numerous, arterioles and capillaries. the presence of an arterial stenosis increases resistance to flow, however this increase in resistance rarely increases systemic blood pressure because its contribution to total systemic resistance is small, although it may profoundly decrease downstream flow. substances called vasoconstrictors reduce the caliber of blood vessels, thereby increasing blood pressure. vasodilators (such as nitroglycerin) increase the caliber of blood vessels, thereby decreasing arterial pressure. in the longer term a process termed remodeling also contributes to changing the caliber of small blood vessels and influencing resistance and reactivity to vasoactive agents. reductions in capillary density, termed capillary rarefaction, may also contribute to increased resistance in some circumstances.
blood pressure