the number of schedule of constitution in the present era is 12.
the number of schedule of constitution in the present era is 12.
how many schedule of constitution in present era?
12
the original constitution provided for three categories of amendments. the first category of amendments are those contemplated in articles 4 (2), 169, 239a (2), 239aa (7b), 243m (4b), 243zc (3), 244a (4), 356 (1)c, para 7(2) of schedule v and para 21(2) of schedule vi. these amendments can be effected by parliament by a simple majority such as that required for the passing of any ordinary law. the amendments under this category are specifically excluded from the purview of article 368 which is the specific provision in the constitution dealing with the power and the procedure for the amendment of the constitution. article 4 provides that laws made by parliament under article 2 (relating to admission or establishment of new states) and article 3 (relating to formation of new states and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing states) effecting amendments in the first schedule or the fourth schedule and supplemental, incidental and consequential matters, shall not be deemed to be amendments of the constitution for the purposes of article 368. for example, the "states reorganisation act, 1956", which brought about the reorganization of the states in india, was passed by parliament as an ordinary piece of legislation. in "mangal singh v. union of india" (a.i.r. 1967 s.c. 944), the supreme court held that power to reduce the total number of members of legislative assembly below the minimum prescribed under article 170 (1) is implicit in the authority to make laws under article 4. article 169 empowers parliament to provide by law for the abolition or creation of the legislative councils in states and specifies that though such law shall contain such provisions for the amendment of the constitution as may be necessary, it shall not be deemed to be an amendment of the constitution for the purposes of article 368. "the legislative councils act, 1957", which provided for the creation of a legislative council in andhra pradesh and for increasing the strength of the legislative councils in certain other states, is an example of a law passed by parliament in an exercise of its powers under article 169. the fifth schedule contains provisions as to the administration and control of the schedule areas and scheduled tribes. para 7 of the schedule vests parliament with plenary powers to enact laws amending the schedule and lays down that no such law shall be deemed to be an amendment of the constitution for the purposes of article 368. under para 21 of the sixth schedule, parliament has full power to enact laws amending the sixth schedule which contains provisions for the administration of tribal areas in the states of assam, meghalaya, tripura and mizoram. no such law will be deemed to be an amendment of the constitution for the purposes of article 368.
amendment of the constitution of india
maimonides taught that nazirite vows must be observed even after the destruction of the temple. therefore, when a person takes a nazirite vow in the present era, that person must observe it forever, because there is no temple where the person can go to offer sacrifices at the conclusion of the nazirite vow. maimonides wrote that a nazirite vow may be observed only in the land of israel (as the sages decreed that the diaspora conveys ritual impurity, and a nazirite thus cannot observe the vow there). a person who takes a nazirite vow in the diaspora is penalized and obligated to go to the land of israel and observe the nazirite vow there for the length of the vow. accordingly, a person who takes a nazirite vow in the diaspora in the present era is compelled to go to the land of israel and observe the nazirite vow there until death or until the temple is rebuilt. (abraham ben david (the ra'avad), however, questioned what purpose would be served by going to the land of israel in the present era, as all are impure, even there, because of contact with a human corpse (or the impurity that results from a corpse) and there are no ashes from a red heifer with which we can purify ourselves. hence, the ra'avad concluded that it is forbidden to take a nazirite vow in the present era, whether in the diaspora or in the land of israel.) maimonides taught that throughout the entire time that a nazirite is in the diaspora, it is forbidden to drink wine, to become impure due to contact with the dead, and to cut one's hair. the nazirite must uphold all of the requirements stemming from a nazirite vow, despite the fact that the days do not count in the diaspora. one who transgresses by drinking wine, cutting hair, or touching a corpse would be liable for lashes. maimonides wrote that a person who says, "i will be a nazirite if i do this and this" or "if i do not do this or this," is a wicked person. but maimonides argued that a person who takes a nazirite vow to god in a holy manner is delightful and praiseworthy, for concerning this, says, "the diadem of his god is upon his head. ... he is holy to god," and scripture equates him with a prophet, as says, "and from your sons, i will raise [some] as prophets, and from your youths, [some] as nazirites."
naso (parsha)