From a climate change perspective, the JNAP2 declares that "Tonga is committed to reducing its greenhouse gas emissions from the Energy sector principally by increasing its utilisation of renewable sources of energy such as solar and energy efficient technologies'. It also includes Guiding Principle (9): 'Long-term sustainability Initiatives and programs' that will be designed to deliver long term, positive, environmental, social, and economic benefits founded on ensuring self-sufficiency at all levels of Tongan society. The Tonga Climate Change Policy (2016) (TCCP) lays out Tonga's extreme vulnerability to the adverse effects of climate change and disaster risks because of its geographical, geological and socio-economic features, while the Second NDC has a mitigation target of a 13 percent (16 Gg) reduction in GHG emissions from the Energy sector (including transport) by 2030. One of the key measures to reach this target will be achieving 70 percent renewable electricity by 2030.