There are countless variables to be controlled in order to reduce deforestation, which makes it difficult to reach the intended objective. Despite constant monitoring and inspection efforts, the demand for products that occupy forested areas and even for wood produced from the forest itself fluctuates over time, making such efforts sometimes present very satisfactory results, sometimes prove to be completely insufficient. The aim of adopting the measures provided for in the Plan is to achieve a consistent reduction in deforestation rates in four-year periods. The objective is to reduce deforestation by 40% in the period 2006-2009, in relation to the average of the ten years of the reference period of the Amazon Fund (1996-2005), and 30% more in each of the two following quadrennia, in relation to the quadrennia previous. Combating deforestation and stimulating the economic reorientation of the forested region are activities that demand a large amount of resources. Achieving these reductions will necessarily depend on new and additional national and international resources, including those raised by the Amazon Fund, at levels corresponding to the scale of the problem. This is a challenging task that will demand an action strategy from the government that goes beyond traditional monitoring and surveillance actions. In this sense, a great effort has been made by the Federal Government, embodied in the Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Deforestation in the Legal Amazon (PPCDAM), which resulted in a 59% decrease in the annual rate of deforestation in this biome for three years. consecutive 2004 to 2007. Although the PPCDAM has as its thematic axes land and territorial planning, monitoring and control and the promotion of sustainable production activities, it is necessary to strengthen this last component, as recommended in the guidelines of the Sustainable Amazon Plan (PAS). The PPCDAM experience will be extended to other Brazilian biomes through the elaboration of similar plans suited to the peculiarities of each one of them, with the involvement of states, municipalities, civil society and the productive sector.