Community Forestry has gradually developed since the mid 1990s, through small pilot projects supported by government, and international and national Non-Government Organisations (NGOs), which have demonstrated that community forestry has considerable potential to protect the forests and enhance their productivity and capacity to support rural livelihoods, while at the same time stabilising critical watersheds and ecosystems. Permanent Forest Estate to local communities in order to manage and benefit from the resource therein  The National Poverty Reduction Strategy (RGC 2002e) requires all sectors to contribute to the national goal of poverty reduction. In addition, the Cambodian Millennium Development Goal is to maintain 60% land area as forest cover by year 2015. These policies have been incorporated into the Rectangular Strategy (2004) as side 4 of rectangle 1 (Forestry Reform), and further strengthened in the revised Rectangular Strategy Phase II (2008), whereby CF is prioritised as one of forest management models  Recently RGC encourages CFs to protect community forests for sale the forest carbon credit at carbon market for REDD  In December 2003, the Community Forestry Sub-Decree (RGC 2003) was approved, which indicated a historic shift from informal CF projects to the emergence of CF as a national strategy that is formally recognised and embraced by the Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC)  An Independent Forest Sector Review (IFSR 2004) reported its findings and recommendations in 2004, after thorough research and consultations with forest sector stakeholders. The IFSR suggested that CF should be continued and supported with a focus on developing an enabling environment, allowing community forestry to be self-financing and self-sustainable in different settings. The IFSR also recommended piloting Partnership Forestry. The Agricultural Sector Strategic Development Plan 2006-2010 (MAFF 2006) further stresses the importance of formalising Community Forestry  Referring to recommendation and economic analysis of the IFSR, based on existing forest productivity and current levels of formal and informal fees, it is suggested that for a commune with 5,000 ha of reasonably good forest, the annual flow could be about US$150,000 per year (GFA II 2005)  The Prakas (guideline) on Community Forestry was signed in 2006, provides a basis for the CF formalisation, implementation and management.  The NCFP, developed by key actors in community forestry development under the leadership of the FA, was launched in May 2006. A