Brazil has many alternatives for the expansion of electricity supply, free from CO emissions, in addition to hydro-electricity. Among them, renewables should be highlighted cogeneration with sugarcane bagasse and other forms of biomass, wind and solar and other non- conventional sources such as wastes. In the case of cogeneration, it is estimated that electricity supply from this source will reach 136 TWh (11.4%) of the total supply in the country, in 2030. The attempt to reduce energy wastage is also important. Non-technical losses of energy average 22,000 GWh per year. It is intended to reduce this amount in the next ten years, a rate of 1,000 GWh per year. This will represent a reduction in energy wastage of 400 GWh per year. On average approximately 25% (100 GWh per year) of this energy will no longer be produced by thermo power plants. Therefore, governmental efforts will be made to ensure that the socio- environmental variable, referring to climate change, is introduced to a greater extent into the process of planning the expansion of electricity supply so that the share of renewable sources can be kept high.