It is also important to ensure a connection between research, development and innovation and the production system, enabling the development of real-world prototypes and pilot projects and, in a second phase, accelerating the transfer of this knowledge to the production system and/or the households, to ensure that the decisions taken at any given time are those best suited to the goal of decarbonisation, but also those that lead to the best results in terms of job creation and value for society. The Research and Innovation thematic agendas of the Science and Technology Foundation, I.P. for Climate Change, circular economy, sustainable energy systems, urban Science and Industry and cities of the future are precursors of the mobilisation needed to ensure the transition to a carbon neutral society. NEUTRALITY OF THE PORTUGUESE ECONOMY BY 2050