high. It uses 15% more energy than India and 25% more than the Philippines for each dollar of its gross domestic product. There are high transmissions and distribution losses in the power system estimated at about 22%. According to the National Energy Conservation Centre (ENERCON), annual energy savings of up to 25% are possible in all sectors that translate into approximately $3 billion in savings annually. Radical shift towards energy policy focusing on self-reliance and diversifying the energy mix while optimizing energy conservation options in the country.  Prioritize the expansion and suitable enhancement of nuclear energy and large hydel power projects in the country as low carbon emitting options with valuable co-benefits in securing energy as well as water security in the country. For nuclear power expansion, policy priority should be accorded to a sustained international campaign towards reaching an understanding with the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG).  Increasing deployment of alternative and renewable energy sources (Small hydel, wind and solar) to meet increasing energy demand in the country targeting them to become, at least, 12 percent of the total energy mix by the year 2022. Initiate and introduce financially attractive policies on renewables to maximize their utilization and attract international and domestic investors in this sector  Develop policies such as Feed in Tariffs to encourage consumer level investments in renewables.  A focus is required on utilization of indigenous as a high priority and employing the best available "clean coal" technologies along side exploring options of carbon capture and storage in order to grow along an optimal carbon emissions trajectory. Appropriate technology transfer would be specially required for this purpose especially for research and development of this evolving technology. Utilize financing options from the global carbon market to finance the costs of employing such technologies as renewable, energy conservation, "clean" coal as well as carbon capture and storage. Increase to maximize the indigenous production of natural gas in the country while also prioritizing gas pipelines from Iran and Turkmenistan to bridge the "gas gap".  Positioning Pakistan to benefit from its unique geographical location by developing appropriate infrastructure and entering agreements offering an energy trade corridor in the region as well as for cross border trade of electric power.  Identify and capitalize upon energy conservation as well as energy efficiency improvement options in the country most of which extend feasible options such as energy monitoring systems, smart grids and smart meters. Rehab