The energy sector is the main source of greenhouse gas emissions in Finland. In 2020, the sector contributed 72 per cent to total national emissions, totalling 34.6 million tonnes CO eq. (Figure 2.2). Energy sector emissions can be divided into emissions resulting from fossil fuel combustion and fugitive emissions from fuels. Most of the emissions originate from fuel combustion, which reflects the high energy intensity of the Finnish industry, the extensive consumption of fuels during the long heating period, and the energy consumed for transport in this relatively large and sparsely inhabited country. Fugitive emissions make up only 0.3 per cent of the sector's total emissions. Energy-related emissions vary greatly from year to year (Figure 2.5), mainly following the economic trend, the structure of the energy supply and climatic conditions. Compared with 1990, the emissions in the energy sector in 2020 were about 36 per cent lower. In 2020, emissions in the energy sector were about 12 per cent lower than in the previous year and approximately half the emission level in 2003, the year of the greatest emissions from the energy sector between 1990 and 2020. The energy industries (mainly electricity and district heat production) caused approximately 38 per cent (13.1 million tonnes CO eq.) of the total emissions in the energy sector in 2020. Emissions from the energy industries were 31 per cent lower in 2020 than in 1990. Manufacturing industries and construction produce a great deal of energy for their own use. Their share of energy-related emissions was around 18 per cent in 2020 (6.2 million tonnes CO eq.). These emissions have declined by 53 per cent since 1990. The main reasons for this trend are the increased use of biofuels, i.e. black liquor a by-product of pulp industry, in the forest industry and the outsourcing of power plants from the manufacturing industries to energy industries. Share of biomass as a source of energy has significantly grown in the public electricity and heat production as well as in manufacturing industries and construction between 1990 and 2020 (Figure 2.6). See also Section 2.6 of Finland's Eight National communication for trends in energy sources. Emissions from the residential sector have decreased by 67 per cent and from commercial sectors by 57 per cent compared with 1990 levels. The decrease is mainly due to the substitution