4 Mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions Introduction This chapter provides an overview of priority greenhouse gas emissions reduction. Iraq, as a non-Annex I country to the Framework Convention on Climate Change, is not obligated to reduce emissions. However, assessing the main technology options for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in Iraq will provide a better understanding of potential synergies. These options are integrated with the goals and priorities of national development, which helps to draw specific and clear lines and policies for sustainable development. The benefits of preparing this report include, but are not limited to, reduced levels of air pollution and an enhanced institutional environment for new and diversified technologies and energy supplies, reduced traffic congestion, and job creation. After Iraq, the 194th country that ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 2009, and since that date it has had to work hard to catch up with other countries in this field after nearly three decades of isolation from the international community, especially since the Ministry of Environment is considered a ministry It is young, which means that there is a lack of national expertise to help address the challenges of climate change, and assess potential threats and expected impacts on natural resources, the environment and people. The inventory of greenhouse gas emissions in Iraq for the year 1997 resulted in a number of conclusions, the most important of which are: 75% of the total greenhouse gases in carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2) were from the energy sector, 11.1% from the agricultural sector; 8.8% from industrial operations and 5.1% from the waste sector. E Emissions of methane gas resulting from landfills of domestic solid waste amounted to about 51% of the total emissions of CH, and the agricultural and energy sectors contributed by 42% and 6.9% of the total emissions of CH, respectively. NO emissions from the agricultural sector and wastewater treatment (human waste) amounted to 94.4%, and 5.6% of its total emissions. It also describes the mitigation methodology, and discusses issues that have been identified by conducting sector-specific mitigation assessments. Two types of scenarios were used for the analysis, the baseline scenario and the mitigation scenario. The baseline scenario was adopted based on the prevailing trends