Around three quarters of Switzerland's greenhouse gas emissions result from fossil fuel use. Energy and climate policy are therefore closely linked. The main objective of the Energy Strategy 2050 (increasing energy efficiency and the use of renewable energy) also contributes to the mitigation of CO emissions. However, due to the implementation of the Energy Strategy 2050, it is possible that the production of electricity from fossil sources may increase, which would have a negative impact on Switzerland's CO emissions. Fossil thermal power plants are therefore obliged to fully compensate their emissions. The first bundle of measures of the Energy Strategy 2050 also includes measures that require adjustments of the CO Act, most notably the strengthening of the CO emissions regulations for passenger cars from 130 to 95 grams of CO per kilometre, the exemption from the CO levy of operators of fossil combined heat and power plants, and the increase of the maximum amount earmarked for the national buildings refurbishment programme from 300 million to 450 million Swiss francs per year. As detailed in section 5.2.1, EPFL and Infras (2016) and EPFL (2017) estimate that in the energy sector the combined effects of policies and measures are responsible for about 12 per cent of the aggregate effect of currently implemented and adopted policies and measures.