as LNG) as well as the scale-up of renewable energy (to increase the share of renewable energy up to 20% by 2030 and 30-35% by 2040). To improve the energy-intensity, Industry 4.0 technologies such as AI and IoT will be widely used for the sectoral demand side management. The Republic of Korea will further introduce the concept of environment dispatch and rationalize energy price by considering supply costs and also the social costs including external costs. In the industry sector, highly-efficient equipment and factory energy management systems will be diffused at a greater scale. The government will reduce the use of fossil fuels by technology innovation and deployment of new technologies, such as hydrogen reduction steelmaking. In the building sector, existing public buildings will be pursued to be converted into green buildings that are required to meet higher standards in terms of energy performances. With regard to new buildings, including privately-owned buildings, more buildings will be required to be certified as zero-energy buildings that minimize energy consumption, and energy efficiency standard will be strengthened for home appliances and office equipment. In the transportation sector, the Republic of Korea has set the target of deploying 3 million units of electric vehicles and 850,000 hydrogen vehicles by 2030 with a view to scaling up the deployment of zero-emission vehicles. The government is also pursuing a modal shift in freight transport from road to rail and