The emissions estimated by the Green Cities and Buildings STC will increase from 4.7 Mt COe in 2010 to 10.2 Mt COe in 2030 (see Figure 31), driven equally by emissions from solid waste, liquid waste, and use of off-grid fossil fuel energy.  Solid waste. As the population grows and per capita GDP increases, the rate of per capita solid waste generation will increase from 0.33 kg/person/day in 2010 to 0.44 kg/person/day in 2030, based on the 2009 Ethiopia Solid Waste Study and IPCC benchmarks for waste generation in sub-Saharan Africa. This will result in the generation of 1.5 million tonnes of solid waste annually in urban areas by 2030. Emissions from solid waste will consequently grow from 1.2 Mt Co2e in 2010 to 3.7 Mt Co2e in 2030.  Liquid waste. Although per capita liquid waste generation is projected to remain constant between 2010 and 2030, the expansion of the urban popula- tion will cause an increase in total liquid waste. Emissions from urban liquid waste will rise from 1.6 Mt Co2e in 2010 to 3.9 Mt Co2e in 2030.  Off-grid fossil fuel. The STC projects an urban off-grid fossil fuel use growth rate of 1.7% between 2010 and 2030 based on statistics from EEPCo and the Ethiopian Forestry Action Programme. This rate is significantly lower than the urban population growth rate due to the expected substitution of off-grid diesel generators with renewable electricity from the grid. Consequently, the increase in off-grid fossil fuel use will be driven primarily by kerosene for lamps and gas for cooking. Emissions from off-grid fossil fuel are expected to increase from 1.9 Mt Co2e in 2010 to 2.7 Mt Co2e in 2030. Here it is impor- tant to note that the Electric Power and Industry STCs have accounted for the emissions from electricity generated by fossil fuels and distributed via electric power grids as well as the emissions from fossil fuel used by the industry. ABATEMENT LEVERS - POTENTIAL