Mitigation Scenario: The NDCs of Sri Lanka submitted to the UNFCCC in 2016 includes the activities that could be undertaken to reduce GHG emissions in the transport sector. They are (a) avoidance/reduction of journeys; (b) modal shift; (c) improvement of energy efficiency of modes of transport and vehicle technologies; and (d) fuel improvement. Among these, a greater emphasis was placed on the modal shift to increase the share of public transport which is supported by policies and action plans. The public transportation contributions to the entire transport sector is about 55% in 2020. It is expected to decrease to 47% by 2030 in the base case (Megapolis Transport Masterplan, 2016). However, in the mitigation scenario which is designed taking into consideration, the road and rail modes of transport are drawn on the premise that public transport share would increase to 62% by 2030 through the interventions mentioned above. An emphasis is also placed on efficiency improvements in new vehicles using improved fuel which emit fewer GHGs. The GHG emissions of approximately 81g CO.,/passenger km is expected to be reduced to 73g CO/passenger km. The more specific and detailed actions to be taken are as follows;