Singapore is currently working to reduce emissions by 16% below 2020 business-as-usual (BAU) levels in line with its 2009 Copenhagen pledge. Having ratified the Paris Agreement on 21 September 2016, Singapore has also formalised its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), which aims to reduce the country's Emissions Intensity by 36% from 2005 levels by 2030, and to stabilise its emissions with the aim of peaking around 2030.