 According to Asko Parpola, the Jyotisha and luni-solar calendar discoveries in ancient India, and similar discoveries in China in "great likelihood result from convergent parallel development", and not from diffusion from Mesopotamia.Kim Plofker states that while a flow of timekeeping ideas from either side is plausible, each may have instead developed independently, because the loan-words typically seen when ideas migrate are missing on both sides as far as words for various time intervals and techniques.Further, adds Plofker, and other scholars, that the discussion of time keeping concepts are found in the Sanskrit verses of the "Shatapatha Brahmana", a 2nd millennium BCE text.