 As of 3 April 2019, Japanese citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 191 countries and territories, ranking the Japanese passport the strongest passport in the world in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.However, suspension of visa waivers and travel restrictions toward Japanese passport holders since January 2020 due to the COVID-19 outbreak puts this fact into doubt.As of October 2018, the passports of Japan, Brunei, Singapore and San Marino are the only ones to allow either visa-free entry or electronic travel authorisation to the world's four largest economies, namely China, India, the European Union and the United States.