 Still, ambiguities in the Directive and misinterpretation by the member states exist which may require further clarification through national courts and the European Court of Justice.Due to the teleological interpretation of EU Law, more situations are brought under the scope of EU law and consequently provide free movement rights to those who would not otherwise have been given those privileges.For example, in Gerardo Ruiz Zambrano v Office national de l’emploi (ONEm), the CJEU held that the non-EEA carer of a child who is a Union Citizen would derive rights of residence from the treaty directly and it would therefore be unlawful to refuse a residence card to that carer if "such decisions deprive those children of the genuine enjoyment of the substance of the rights attaching to the status of European Union citizen".