 He did his postdoctoral study at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology before becoming a faculty member at the Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago and then the Georgia Institute of Technology.He joined Microsoft Research in 2008.Kalai is known for his algorithm for generating random factored numbers (see Bach's algorithm), for efficiently learning learning mixtures of Gaussians, for the Blum-Kalai-Wasserman algorithm for learning parity with noise, and for the intractability of the folk theorem in game theory.