 conducted experiments to investigate the action mechanisms of Dc1a on fleshfly "(Sarcophaga bullata)," housefly "(Musca domestica)" larvae.They observed that Dc1a injection caused hyperexcitability in both neuromuscular junction and sensory cells and elevated spike charges.Recent studies have shown that the toxin has only lethal effects on German cockroach "(B.germanica)" and not on American cockroach "(Periplaneta americana)".