 In the 19th century there were several large institutions operating as orphanages and reform schools in the colony of NSW.These included the Female Orphan School (1801 - 1850), the Male Orphan School (1818 - 1850), Randwick Asylum for Destitute Children (1852 -1916) and the Protestant Orphan School (1850 - 1886).In the 1870s Judge Winderer headed a Royal Commission on Public Charities and its two reports of 1873 and 1874 advocated a "boarding-out" or fostering system rather than the large orphanages of the day.