 Due to his integral role in MK organised guerrilla operations, Hani became the target of assassination attempts from 1981, including a failed car bomb assassination attempt by Ernest Ramatolo on 2 August.Chris Hani returned permanently to South Africa after the unbanning of the ANC in 1990 and quickly became a figurehead of the South African extreme left.Despite the collapse of Communist momentum in Europe, Hani campaigned heavily for the SACP (South African Communist Party) as General-Secretary from 1991.