 Fault tolerance relates to the structure of a collaborative e-Work system.The combination of the FTT and CEDP principles extend into resilience by teaming frameworks  that enable the formation, re-configuration, and operation of e-Work systems via “disruption-prone agents” that achieve higher resilience than an equivalent system of “flaw-less/more reliable” agents.AD  addresses dynamic variations in the formation, topology, size, and/or operations of collaborative systems such as enterprise alliances; self-organizing agent teams; sensor clusters; modular systems, and others.