 In January 1873 the government of Manuel Pardo imposed an "estanco", a state control on production and sales of nitrate, but this proved impractical and the law was shelved in March 1873, before it was ever applied.In 1875, as the economic situation deteriorated and Peru's overseas debts increased, the government expropriated the saltpeter industry and imposed a full state monopoly on production and exports.However, there were nitrate deposits in Bolivia and Chile, and although the latter were not economically viable, exports from Bolivia by the Chilean "Compañía de Salitres y Ferrocarriles de Antofagasta" (CSFA) made Peruvian price controls impossible.