 These film professionals, several of whom were women, began to establish organizations and festivals geared towards the cultivation and recognition of African films such as the Pan African Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou (FESPACO) and the Pan African Federation of Filmmakers (FEPACI), both created in 1969.The World Festival of Black Arts, a month-long culture and arts festival, also emerged during this time period and highlighted literature, fine arts, music, cinema, theatre, fashion, architecture, design, and dance from creators from the African Diaspora, particularly from filmmakers in the United States.During the 1970s there was a global call to action in various spheres of the lives of women with the evolution of universal women’s rights movement, the development of second-wave feminism, the emergence of the Senegal-based bilingual feminist research group the Association of African Women for Research and Development (AAWORD), and the declaration of the United Nations Decade of Women from 1976 to 1985, all of which drastically influenced the development and analysis of women’s academic studies, feminist film theory, and the visual representation of women, globally.