usBartolusBruniDanteGelasiusal-GhazaliGilesGratianGregoryIbn KhaldunJohn of SalisburyLatiniMaimonidesMarsiliusMuhammadNizam al-MulkOckhamPhotiosIbn TufailWangEarly modernBezaBoétieBodinBossuetBuchananCalvinDuplessis-MornayErasmusFilmerGosliciusGrotiusGuicciardiniHarringtonHayashiHobbesHotmanJamesLeibnizLockeLutherMachiavelliMalebrancheMiltonMontaigneMoreMüntzerPufendorfSidneySpinozaSuárez18th–19th-centuryBakuninBastiatBeccariaBenthamBolingbrokeBonaldBurkeCarlyleComteCondorcetConstantCortésEmersonEngelsFichteFourierFranklinGodwinHallerHamannHegelHelvétiusHerderHumeJeffersonKantpolitical philosophyKierkegaardLe BonLe PlayMadisonMaistreMarxMazziniMillMontesquieuNietzscheNovalisOwenPaineRenanRousseauRoyceSadeSaint-SimonSchillerSmithSpencerSpoonerde StaëlStirnerTaineThoreauTocquevilleTuckerVicoVivekanandaVoltaireWarren20th–21st-centuryAdornoAgamben