metimes called a tuition deferral or tuition waiver).  Other sources of funding include teaching assistantships and research assistantships;  experience as a teaching assistant is encouraged but not requisite in many programs. Some programs may require all Ph.D. candidates to teach, which may be done under the supervision of their supervisor or regular faculty. Besides these sources of funding, there are also various competitive scholarships, bursaries, and awards available, such as those offered by the federal government via NSERC, CIHR, or SSHRC.Requirements for completion[සංස්කරණය]In general, the first two years of study are devoted to completion of coursework and the comprehensive examinations.  At this stage, the student is known as a "Ph.D. student." It is usually expected that the student will have completed most of his or her required coursework by the end of this stage. Furthermore, it is usually required that by the end of eighteen to thirty-six months after the first reg