le V}∂T{\displaystyle \partial T}EquationsCarnot's theoremClausius theoremFundamental relationIdeal gas lawMaxwell relationsOnsager reciprocal relationsBridgman's equationsTable of thermodynamic equationsPotentialsFree energyFree entropyInternal energyU(S,V){\displaystyle U(S,V)}EnthalpyH(S,p)=U+pV{\displaystyle H(S,p)=U+pV}Helmholtz free energyA(T,V)=U−TS{\displaystyle A(T,V)=U-TS}Gibbs free energyG(T,p)=H−TS{\displaystyle G(T,p)=H-TS}HistoryCultureHistoryGeneralEntropyGas laws"Perpetual motion" machinesPhilosophyEntropy and timeEntropy and lifeBrownian ratchetMaxwell's demonHeat death paradoxLoschmidt's paradoxSynergeticsTheoriesCaloric theoryVis viva ("living force")Mechanical equivalent of heatMotive powerKey publicationsAn Experimental EnquiryConcerning ... HeatOn the Equilibrium ofHeterogeneous SubstancesReflections on theMotive Power of FireTime