enicityAttack rateVirulenceEndotoxinExotoxinCase fatality rateAntimicrobial resistanceHostSusceptible individualBurnDiabetesImmune responseImmunodeficiencyImmunosuppressionPostoperativeOpportunistic infectionRisk of infectionEnvironmentAccess to water, sanitation and hygieneClimate changeEl NiñoTropical diseasesCommerceDeforestationEcologyHumidityInjection drug useNatural disasterFloodPoultry and livestockPovertyTravelVector controlWar and conflictTransmissionBasic conceptsAsymptomatic carrierChain of infectionFomiteHostIncubation periodIndex caseInfectious periodLatent periodNatural reservoirOpportunistic infectionSubclinical infectionSuper-spreaderWindow periodModesHuman-to-human transmissionHorizontalVerticalCross-species transmissionSpillover infectionVectorZoonosisReverse zoonosisBreakthrough infectionRoutesAirBloodFoodFecesFomiteHospitalMosquitoSexTickWaterModellingAttack rateBasic reproduction numberCompartm