 
<translate> Quoc: Mmeghachi omume ndị na-adabereghị n'ìhè, ma ọ bụ mmeghachi omume gbara ọchịchịrị, nke photosynthesis bụ mmeghachi omume kemịkal nke na-eme ka carbon dioxide na ihe ndị ọzọ ghọọ glucose. Mmeghachi omume ndị a na-eme na stroma, ebe jupụtara na mmiri nke chloroplast n'èzí akpụkpọ ahụ thylakoid. Mmeghachi omume ndị a na-ewepụta ngwaahịa (ATP na NADPH) nke mmeghachi omume na-adabere na ìhè ma na-eme usoro kemịkal ọzọ na ha. E nwere usoro atọ na mmeghachi omume na-enweghị ìhè, nke a na-akpọ Calvin okirikiri: ntinye carbon, mmeghachi omume mbelata, na mmeghari ribulose 1, 5-bisphosphate (RuBP).  Zaa ajụjụ a dabere n'akụkụ Akwụkwọ Nsọ a: ebee ka okirikiri Calvin (mmetụta ọchịchịrị) na-ewere ọnọdụ? HW Chung: OK, ụfọdụ echiche: <eng> Quoc: The light-independent reactions, or dark reactions, of photosynthesis are chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and other compounds into glucose. These reactions occur in the stroma, the fluid-filled area of a chloroplast outside the thylakoid membranes. These reactions take the products (ATP and NADPH) of light-dependent reactions and perform further chemical processes on them. There are three phases to the light-independent reactions, collectively called the Calvin cycle: carbon fixation, reduction reactions, and ribulose 1, 5-bisphosphate (RuBP) regeneration.

Answer this question based on the passage: where does the calvin cycle (dark reactions) take place?
HW Chung: OK, some thoughts: 