 <translate> Ọ bụ Edward Jenner malitere ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi kịtịkpa, bụ́ ọgwụ mgbochi mbụ gara nke ọma e mepụtara, n'afọ 1796. Ọ gbakwụnyere ihe ọ chọpụtara bụ́ na ụmụ nwanyị na-aṅụ mmiri ara ehi bụ́ ndị buterela ọrịa ehi ehi n'oge gara aga enwetaghịzi ọrịa ehi ehi site n'igosi na nje cowpox e ji ọgwụ mgbochi nje mee na-echebe mmadụ pụọ na nje ahụ. Okwu ahụ bụ "ọgwụ mgbochi" sitere na Variolae vaccinae (ya bụ, kịtịkpa ehi), okwu Jenner chepụtara iji gosi kịtịkpa ehi ma jiri ya mee ihe n'okwu ogologo nke akwụkwọ ya bụ An enquiry into the causes and effects of Variolae vaccinae, nke a maara dị ka kịtịkpa ehi. Ọ bụ enyi Jenner, Richard Dunning, bụ onye mbụ ji okwu ahụ bụ́ ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa mee ihe n'akwụkwọ n'afọ 1800. Na mbido, okwu ọgwụ mgbochi / ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi na-ezo aka naanị na kịtịkpa, mana na 1881 Louis Pasteur tụrụ aro ka a na-asọpụrụ Jenner ka a gbasaa okwu ndị ahụ iji kpuchie ọgwụ mgbochi ọhụrụ a na-ewebata.  Zaa ajụjụ a dabere n'akụkụ Akwụkwọ Nsọ a: ònye mepụtara ọgwụ mgbochi maka igbochi obere akpa? Okie... buru ụzọ chee echiche nke ọma, mezie mkpebi: <hau> Allurar rigakafin cutar kyanda, rigakafin farko da aka samu nasara, Edward Jenner ne ya gabatar da shi a cikin 1796. Ya ci gaba da lura da cewa masu shayarwa da suka kamu da cutar cowpox a baya ba su kamu da cutar kyanda ba ta hanyar nuna cewa cutar cowpox da aka yi wa allurar rigakafi ta kare daga cutar kyanda. Kalmar "allurar rigakafi" ta samo asali ne daga Variolae vaccinae (watau cutar shanun shanu), kalmar da Jenner ya kirkira don nuna cutar shanun shanu kuma aka yi amfani da ita a cikin dogon taken littafinsa An bincike kan dalilai da tasirin Variolae vaccinae, wanda aka sani da sunan shanun shanu. Alurar riga kafi, kalmar da ba da daɗewa ba ta maye gurbin alurar rigakafin cutar cowpox da alurar rigakafin, an fara amfani da shi a cikin bugawa ta abokiyar Jenner, Richard Dunning a cikin 1800. Da farko, sharuɗɗan allurar rigakafi / allurar rigakafi suna nufin cutar kyanda ne kawai, amma a cikin 1881 Louis Pasteur ya ba da shawarar cewa don girmama Jenner a faɗaɗa sharuɗɗan don rufe sabbin allurar rigakafin da ake gabatarwa.  Amsa wannan tambaya bisa ga nassi: wanene ya gano maganin rigakafin cutar kyanda? Okie... Ka yi tunani sosai da farko, sannan ka yanke shawara: 