World map of national legislation on female genital mutilation (FGM).
  Specific criminal provision or national law prohibiting FGM
  General criminal provision that might be used to prosecute FGM cases
  Partial or subnational FGM criminalisation, or unclear legal status
  FGM not criminalised
  No data
Own work, map derived from File:BlankMap-World.svg. Unless otherwise stated below, all data are retrieved from Female genital mutilation/cutting: a call for a global response. End FGM European Network, U.S. End FGM/C Network and Equality Now (March 2020). Retrieved on 5 May 2020.

EU Member StatesThe 2013 EIGE report claims that all 28 EU Member States (including Croatia and the UK) had at least general criminal law provisions that could potentially be used to prosecute cases of FGM, and in France they have successfully been, which the 2020 Global Response report acknowledges, although the latter's authors maintain that it is imperative for all states to adopt specific criminal law provisions on FGM. The 2013 EIGE report notes that there is a trend amongst EU Member States to do just that, and that by 2013, 10 out of 28 EU Member States (including Croatia and the UK amongst these 10) had specifically criminalised FGM. The 2020 Global Response report shows that EU Member States Estonia, Germany, Malta and Portugal also introduced explicit provisions criminalising FGM in the seven years between the reports.

Female genital mutilation in the European Union and Croatia. European Institute for Gender Equality (2013). Retrieved on 3 May 2020. (pdf) (page 45)However, the report is incorrect about the Netherlands, which first explicitly criminalised FGM on 1 February 2006, and as of 25 July 2020 specifically criminalises FGM including cross-border FGM in Articles 7.d and 71.3 combined with Articles 300–303 (additional penalties in Article 304).

Wetboek van Strafrecht (Geldend van 01-02-2006 t/m 31-03-2006) (in nl). wetten.overheid.nl. Government of the Netherlands (1 February 2006). Retrieved on 20 February 2021. (1 February 2006 version of the Dutch Criminal Code)
Wetboek van Strafrecht (Geldend van 25-07-2020 t/m heden) (in nl). wetten.overheid.nl. Government of the Netherlands (25 July 2020). Retrieved on 20 February 2021. (25 July 2020 version of the Dutch Criminal Code)IcelandIceland criminalised FGM in 2005 under General Penal Code Article 218 a. Punishment by up to 6 years imprisonment, up to 16 years in aggrevated cases.
General Penal Code, Nr. 19/1940 (in en). www.government.is. Retrieved on 5 May 2020.
Harriet Sherwood (18 February 2018). "Iceland law to outlaw male circumcision sparks row over religious freedom". The Guardian. Retrieved on 5 May 2020.IndiaIndian Minister for Women and Child Development Maneka Gandhi said in 2017 that the 1860 Indian Penal Code, the 1973 Criminal Procedure Code and the 2012 Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act (POCSO Act) can be invoked to prosecute FGM cases and that a specific law to criminalise FGM was not necessary.

Feeds, PTI (4 August 2017). IPC, POCSO enough to deal with female genital mutilation: Govt. India.com. Retrieved on 5 May 2020.IndonesiaThe Indonesian government has been conducting an inconsistent policy on FGM, intermittently legislating against it due to international and human rights activist pressure on the one hand, and in favour of it due to internal pressure from Islamic religious authority figures on the other. FGM was criminalised in 2006, then legalised and medicalised in 2010, then recriminalised in 2014 but without punishments. The present legal status of FGM in Indonesia is unclear.
"INDONESIA: Female genital mutilation persists despite ban", IRIN Global, 2 September 2010
Indonesia Seeks End to Female Genital Mutilation (26 September 2016).
Nurhadi Sucahyo (9 February 2020). "Study: Indonesians Embrace FGM as Religious, Traditional Practice". Voice of America. Retrieved on 5 May 2020.SudanSudan criminalised FGM in April 2020 by amending its Criminal Code. Punishable by a fine and 3 years imprisonment.

Declan Walsh (30 April 2020). "In a Victory for Women in Sudan, Female Genital Mutilation Is Outlawed". The New York Times. Retrieved on 5 May 2020.United StatesOn 5 January 2021, President Trump of the United States signed the STOP FGM Act of 2020, which considers FGM 'a form of child abuse, gender discrimination, and violence', empowering federal authorities to prosecute people who 'carry out or conspire to carry out FGM' and increasing the maximum prison sentence from 5 to 10 years. This replaced the 1996 law that was declared unconstitutional in 2018. At the time of signing, 11 out of the 50 U.S. states still had no state ban on FGM.

Emma Batha (7 January 2021). "U.S. toughens ban on 'abhorrent' female genital mutilation". Reuters. Retrieved on 18 February 2021.
Massachusetts became the 39th state to ban FGM on 6 August 2020. Aysha Khan (7 August 2020). "As Massachusetts bans female genital cutting, survivors and activists celebrate". Religion News Service. Retrieved on 18 February 2021.
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