World map of prison population rates from World Prison Brief. See the date on the map. Rate is per 100,000 of national population. For the exact numbers click on the source link below and then go to the table tab. See also: List of countries by incarceration rate.
https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/prison-population-rate - Click on the download tab to download map. The table tab has a table of the exact data by country. The map at the source is interactive and provides much more detail. For example, run your cursor over the color bar legend to see the countries that apply to that point in the legend.
Our World In Data. See English Wikipedia: Our World in Data.