States and union territories of India by the most commonly spoken first language.
हिन्दी:  भारत के राज्यों और केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों में सबसे अधिक बोली जाने वाली भाषा
বাংলা:  ভারতের ভাষা অঞ্চলের মানচিত্র[1]Aoː Nagaland (12.94%)
Assameseː Assam (48.81%)
Bengaliː Andaman and Nicobar Islands (25.71%), Assam (28.92%), Tripura (67.14%), West Bengal (85.27%)
Bhiliː Dadra and Nagar Haveli (40.42%)
Chhattisgarhiː Chhattisgarh (61.9%)[2]Gujaratiː Daman and Diu (67.69%), Gujarat (84.40%)
Hindiː[3][4][5][6] Delhi (80.94%), Haryana (87.31%), Himachal Pradesh (89.01%), Jharkhand (57.56%), Madhya Pradesh (87.26%), Uttar Pradesh (91.32%), Uttarakhand (87.95%)
Bihari: Bihar (73.06%)
Punjabi: Chandigarh (67.53%)
Kannadaː Karnataka (65.92%)
Kashmiriː Jammu and Kashmir (57%)
Khasiː Meghalaya (47.05%)
Konkaniː Goa (57.13%)
Ladakhiː Ladakh (40.4%)
Malayalamː Kerala (96.74%), Lakshadweep (85%)
Manipuriː Meitei (58.43%)
Marathiː Maharashtra (68.79%)
Mizoː Mizoram (73.21%)
Nepaliː Sikkim (62.61%)
Nissiː Arunachal Pradesh (18.97%)
Odiaː Odisha (83.04%)
Punjabiː Punjab (91.69%)
Rajasthani: Rajasthan (90.97%)
Tamilː Puducherry (88.42%), Tamil Nadu (89.41%)
Teluguː Andhra Pradesh (83.85%), includes modern-day Andhra Pradesh and Telangana

References

↑ Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 50th report (July 2012 to June 2013) (PDF). Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India. Archived from the original on 2018-01-02. Retrieved on 17 September 2016.

↑ Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General &amp; Census Commissioner, India. censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved on 31 January 2020.

↑ Here the numbers are for Hindi only, not including Urdu. Some languages may be over- or under-represented as the census data used is at the state-level. For example, while Urdu has 52 million speakers (2001) in India, in no state is it a majority. Urdu is mostly used by Muslims. As given in article w:Hindustani language: "w:Hindustani Language is a w:pluricentric language, with two official forms, Modern Standard Hindi and Modern Standard Urdu, which are its standardised registers, and which may be called Hindustani or Hindi-Urdu when taken together. The colloquial registers are mostly indistinguishable, and even though the official standards are nearly identical in grammar, they differ in literary conventions and in academic and technical vocabulary, with Hindi relying more heavily on Sanskrit and Urdu adopting stronger Persian, Turkic and Arabic influences. Hindi uses w:Devanagari script for writing and Urdu uses Perso-Arabic script".

↑ The Cultural Landscape an Introduction to Human Geography by Robert E. Nunley, Severin M. Roberts, George W. Wubrick, Daniel L. Roy, 1999, ( ISBN 0-13-080180-1), Prentice Hall publishers (google books ) quote ... Hindustani is the basis for both languages ...}}

↑ Hindi (google books) by Yamuna Kachru

↑ Students' Britannica: India: Select essays by Dale Hoiberg, Indu Ramchandani page 175
Own work, based on the 'Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities', Govt. of India,(July 2012 to June 2013)- NCLM-50th report pdf archive copy
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