The North German Confederation / Norddeutscher Bund (1867–1871) in red. The states that would join the confederation and form the German Empire are in orange. Alsace-Lorraine, the territory annexed from France following the Franco-Prussian War of 1871, is in a paler orange.
Based on map data of the IEG-Maps project (Andreas Kunz, B. Johnen and Joachim Robert Moeschl: University of Mainz) - http://www.ieg-maps.uni-mainz.de
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