Flag for maritime and land fortifications use of the Republic of Venice (XII-XIII century)
http://www.rbvex.it/venezia.html "Sulle bandiere, in origine probabilmente bianche, compare (Il leone di San Marco) verso il 1355-56; in precedenza il santo (San Marco) era rappresentato in figura umana (sec. XII-XIII)" the illustration of the Saint is based on a fresco of Saint Mark from the late XI century from the nearby Aquileia
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