David Hume

David Hume (; born David Home; 7 May 1711 NS – 25 August 1776) was a Scottish Enlightenment philosopher, historian, economist, librarian and essayist, who is best known today for his highly influential system of philosophical empiricism, skepticism, and naturalism. Beginning with "A Treatise of Human Nature" (1739–40), Hume strove to create a naturalistic science of man that examined the psychological basis of human nature. Hume argued against the existence of innate ideas, positing that all human knowledge derives solely from experience. This places him with Francis Bacon, Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and George Berkeley as a British Empiricist.

Hume argued that inductive reasoning and belief in causality cannot be justified rationally; instead, they result from custom and mental habit. We never actually perceive that one event causes another but only experience the "constant conjunction" of events. This problem of induction means that to draw any causal inferences from past experience, it is necessary to presuppose that the future will resemble the past, a presupposition which cannot itself be grounded in prior experience.

An opponent of philosophical rationalists, Hume held that passions rather than reason govern human behaviour, famously proclaiming that "Reason is, and ought only to be the slave of the passions." Hume was also a sentimentalist who held that ethics are based on emotion or sentiment rather than abstract moral principle. He maintained an early commitment to naturalistic explanations of moral phenomena and is usually taken to have first clearly expounded the is–ought problem, or the idea that a statement of fact alone can never give rise to a normative conclusion of what "ought" to be done.

Hume also denied that humans have an actual conception of the self, positing that we experience only a bundle of sensations, and that the self is nothing more than this bundle of causally-connected perceptions. Hume's compatibilist theory of free will takes causal determinism as fully compatible with human freedom. His views on philosophy of religion, including his rejection of miracles and the argument from design for God's existence, were especially controversial for their time.

Hume influenced utilitarianism, logical positivism, the philosophy of science, early analytic philosophy, cognitive science, theology, and many other fields and thinkers. Immanuel Kant credited Hume as the inspiration who had awakened him from his "dogmatic slumbers."


Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon

Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon, (Margaret Rose; 21 August 1930 – 9 February 2002) was the younger daughter of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth, and the only sibling of Queen Elizabeth II.

She spent much of her childhood with her parents and sister. Her life changed dramatically at the age of six, when her paternal uncle, King Edward VIII, abdicated to marry divorcée Wallis Simpson. Margaret's father became king, and her sister became heir presumptive, with Margaret second in line to the throne. During the Second World War, the two sisters stayed at Windsor Castle despite suggestions to evacuate them to Canada. During the war years, Margaret was considered too young to perform any official duties and instead continued her education.

After the war, Margaret became one of the world's most celebrated socialites, famed for her glamorous lifestyle and reputed romances. Most famously, she fell in love with Group Captain Peter Townsend. In 1952, her father died, her sister became queen, and Townsend divorced his wife, Rosemary. He proposed to Margaret early the following year. Many in the government believed that he would be an unsuitable husband for the Queen's 22-year-old sister, and the Church of England refused to countenance marriage to a divorced man. Margaret eventually abandoned her plans with Townsend and married photographer Antony Armstrong-Jones in 1960; the Queen made him Earl of Snowdon. The couple had a son, David, and a daughter, Sarah, before divorcing in 1978.

Margaret was a controversial member of the British royal family. Her divorce received much negative publicity, and her private life was for many years the subject of intense speculation by media and royal-watchers. Her health gradually deteriorated in the final two decades of her life. She was a heavy smoker for most of her adult life and had a lung operation in 1985, a bout of pneumonia in 1993, and at least three strokes between 1998 and 2001. She died in London after suffering a final stroke on 9 February 2002.


The Abduction of Figaro

The Abduction of Figaro is a comic opera, described as "A Simply Grand Opera by P. D. Q. Bach", which is actually the work of composer Peter Schickele. It is a parody of opera in general, and the title is a play on two operas by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: "The Abduction from the Seraglio" and "The Marriage of Figaro". Those two operas, "Così fan tutte" and "Don Giovanni", as well as Gilbert and Sullivan's "The Pirates of Penzance" are among the core inspirations for the piece.

Schickele was commissioned to "discover" this opera by the Minnesota Opera, where the piece premiered on April 27 and 28, 1984. In addition to parodying Mozart, the music incorporates diverse influences and musical quotes, from traditional camp songs like "Found a Peanut" to popular songs like "Macho Man" by the Village People. The opera has been released on VHS and DVD.


NTFS

NTFS (New Technology File System) is a proprietary journaling file system developed by Microsoft. Starting with Windows NT 3.1, it is the default file system of the Windows NT family.

NTFS has several technical improvements over the file systems that it superseded – File Allocation Table (FAT) and High Performance File System (HPFS) – such as improved support for metadata and advanced data structures to improve performance, reliability, and disk space use. Additional extensions are a more elaborate security system based on access control lists (ACLs) and file system journaling.

NTFS is supported in other desktop and server operating systems as well. Linux and BSD have a free and open-source NTFS driver, called NTFS-3G, with both read and write functionality. macOS comes with read-only support for NTFS.


Xena

Xena is a fictional character from Robert Tapert's "" franchise. Co-created by Tapert and John Schulian, she first appeared in the 1995–1999 television series "", before going on to appear in "Xena: Warrior Princess" TV show and of the same name. The Warrior Princess has also appeared in the spin-off animated film "The Battle for Mount Olympus", as well as numerous non-canon expanded universe material, such as and . Xena was played by New Zealand actress Lucy Lawless.

Xena is the protagonist of the story, and the series depicts her on a quest to redeem herself from her dark past by using her formidable fighting skills to help people. Xena was raised as the daughter of Cyrene and Atrius in Amphipolis, though the episode "The Furies" raised the possibility that Ares might be Xena's biological father, but it is never pursued further. She had two brothers, the younger of whom is dead; she visits his grave to speak with him in "Sins of the Past". In "Hercules: The Legendary Journeys," during her two first episodes, Xena was a villain, but in the third episode she appears in, she joins Hercules to defeat Darphus, who had taken her army. Aware that the character of Xena had been very successful with the public in the three "Hercules: The Legendary Journeys" episodes, the producers of the series decided to create a spin-off series based on her adventures. Later in "Xena: Warrior Princess" she is joined by Gabrielle, a small town bard. Together they go up against ruthless warlords and gods in the ancient mythological world.

The character Gabrielle, introduced in the first episode, becomes Xena's greatest ally, best friend, and soulmate. Gabrielle came from a small village in Greece called Potidaea. She craved to escape from the boring and dull village. She latched onto Xena in episode 1 as a way of leaving the village, to travel on adventures. Her initial naïveté for the first 3 seasons and her talkative nature helped to balance Xena's pessimistic mentality. While Xena's character to an extent alters subtly through the series, Gabrielle's character goes through substantial development and change especially in seasons 3 and 4. Through their friendship/relationship Xena recognizes the value of the "greater good" and the sacrifices that must be made to accomplish it (a central theme in the series in later seasons).


Yellowstone National Park

Yellowstone National Park is an American national park located in the western United States, largely in the northwest corner of Wyoming and extending into Montana and Idaho. It was established by the U.S. Congress and signed into law by President Ulysses S. Grant on March 1, 1872. Yellowstone was the first national park in the U.S. and is also widely held to be the first national park in the world. The park is known for its wildlife and its many geothermal features, especially Old Faithful geyser, one of its most popular. While it represents many types of biomes, the subalpine forest is the most abundant. It is part of the South Central Rockies forests ecoregion.

Although Native Americans have lived in the Yellowstone region for at least 11,000 years, aside from visits by mountain men during the early-to-mid-19th century, organized exploration did not begin until the late 1860s. Management and control of the park originally fell under the jurisdiction of the United States Department of the Interior, the first Secretary of the Interior to supervise the park being Columbus Delano. However, the U.S. Army was eventually commissioned to oversee management of Yellowstone for a 30-year period between 1886 and 1916. In 1917, administration of the park was transferred to the National Park Service, which had been created the previous year. Hundreds of structures have been built and are protected for their architectural and historical significance, and researchers have examined more than a thousand archaeological sites.

Yellowstone National Park spans an area of , comprising lakes, canyons, rivers, and mountain ranges. Yellowstone Lake is one of the largest high-elevation lakes in North America and is centered over the Yellowstone Caldera, the largest supervolcano on the continent. The caldera is considered a dormant volcano. It has erupted with tremendous force several times in the last two million years. Well over half of the world's geysers and hydrothermal features are in Yellowstone, fueled by this ongoing volcanism. Lava flows and rocks from volcanic eruptions cover most of the land area of Yellowstone. The park is the centerpiece of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, the largest remaining nearly-intact ecosystem in the Earth's northern temperate zone. In 1978, Yellowstone was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Hundreds of species of mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians have been documented, including several that are either endangered or threatened. The vast forests and grasslands also include unique species of plants. Yellowstone Park is the largest and most famous megafauna location in the contiguous United States. Grizzly bears, wolves, and free-ranging herds of bison and elk live in this park. The Yellowstone Park bison herd is the oldest and largest public bison herd in the United States. Forest fires occur in the park each year; in the large forest fires of 1988, nearly one third of the park was burnt. Yellowstone has numerous recreational opportunities, including hiking, camping, boating, fishing, and sightseeing. Paved roads provide close access to the major geothermal areas as well as some of the lakes and waterfalls. During the winter, visitors often access the park by way of guided tours that use either snow coaches or snowmobiles.

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Thermometer

A thermometer is a device that measures temperature or a temperature gradient (the degree of hotness or coldness of an object). A thermometer has two important elements: (1) a temperature sensor (e.g. the bulb of a mercury-in-glass thermometer or the pyrometric sensor in an infrared thermometer) in which some change occurs with a change in temperature; and (2) some means of converting this change into a numerical value (e.g. the visible scale that is marked on a mercury-in-glass thermometer or the digital readout on an infrared model). Thermometers are widely used in technology and industry to monitor processes, in meteorology, in medicine, and in scientific research.

Some of the principles of the thermometer were known to Greek philosophers of two thousand years ago. As Henry Carrington Bolton (1900) noted, the thermometer's "development from a crude toy to an instrument of precision occupied more than a century, and its early history is encumbered with erroneous statements that have been reiterated with such dogmatism that they have received the false stamp of authority." The Italian physician Santorio Santorio ("Sanctorius," 1561-1636) is commonly credited with the invention of the first thermometer, but its standardisation was completed through the 17th and 18th centuries. In the first decades of the 18th century in the Dutch Republic, Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit made two revolutionary breakthroughs in the history of thermometry. He invented the mercury-in-glass thermometer (first widely used, accurate, practical thermometer) and Fahrenheit scale (first standardized temperature scale to be widely used).


The Star-Spangled Banner

"The Star-Spangled Banner" is the national anthem of the United States. The lyrics come from the "Defence of Fort M'Henry", a poem written on September 14, 1814, by 35-year-old lawyer and amateur poet Francis Scott Key after witnessing the bombardment of Fort McHenry by British ships of the Royal Navy in Baltimore Harbor during the Battle of Baltimore in the War of 1812. Key was inspired by the large U.S. flag, with 15 stars and 15 stripes, known as the Star-Spangled Banner, flying triumphantly above the fort during the U.S. victory.

The poem was set to the tune of a popular British song written by John Stafford Smith for the Anacreontic Society, a men's social club in London. "To Anacreon in Heaven" (or "The Anacreontic Song"), with various lyrics, was already popular in the United States. This setting, renamed "The Star-Spangled Banner", soon became a well-known U.S. patriotic song. With a range of 19 semitones, it is known for being very difficult to sing. Although the poem has four stanzas, only the first is commonly sung today.

"The Star-Spangled Banner" was recognized for official use by the United States Navy in 1889, and by U.S. president Woodrow Wilson in 1916, and was made the national anthem by a congressional resolution on March 3, 1931 (, codified at ), which was signed by President Herbert Hoover.

Before 1931, other songs served as the hymns of U.S. officialdom. "Hail, Columbia" served this purpose at official functions for most of the 19th century. "My Country, 'Tis of Thee", whose melody is identical to "God Save the Queen", the United Kingdom's national anthem, also served as a "de facto" national anthem. Following the War of 1812 and subsequent U.S. wars, other songs emerged to compete for popularity at public events, among them "America the Beautiful", which itself was being considered before 1931 as a candidate to become the national anthem of the United States.


Tokamak

A tokamak (; ) is a device which uses a powerful magnetic field to confine plasma in the shape of a torus. The tokamak is one of several types of magnetic confinement devices being developed to produce controlled thermonuclear fusion power. , it is the leading candidate for a practical fusion reactor.

Tokamaks were initially conceptualized in the 1950s by Soviet physicists Igor Tamm and Andrei Sakharov, inspired by a letter by Oleg Lavrentiev. The first working tokamak was attributed to the work of Natan Yavlinsky on the T-1 in 1958. It had been demonstrated that a stable plasma equilibrium requires magnetic field lines that wind around the torus in a helix. Devices like the z-pinch and stellarator had attempted this, but demonstrated serious instabilities. It was the development of the concept now known as the safety factor (labelled "q" in mathematical notation) that guided tokamak development; by arranging the reactor so this critical factor "q" was always greater than 1, the tokamaks strongly suppressed the instabilities which plagued earlier designs.

By the mid-1960s, the tokamak designs began to show greatly improved performance. The initial results were released in 1965, but were ignored; Lyman Spitzer dismissed them out of hand after noting potential problems in their system for measuring temperatures. A second set of results was published in 1968, this time claiming performance far in advance of any other machine. When these were also met skeptically, the Soviets invited a delegation from the United Kingdom to make their own measurements. These confirmed the Soviet results, and their 1969 publication resulted in a stampede of tokamak construction.

By the mid-1970s, dozens of tokamaks were in use around the world. By the late 1970s, these machines had reached all of the conditions needed for practical fusion, although not at the same time nor in a single reactor. With the goal of breakeven (a fusion energy gain factor equal to 1) now in sight, a new series of machines were designed that would run on a fusion fuel of deuterium and tritium. These machines, notably the Joint European Torus (JET), Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR), had the explicit goal of reaching breakeven.

Instead, these machines demonstrated new problems that limited their performance. Solving these would require a much larger and more expensive machine, beyond the abilities of any one country. After an initial agreement between Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev in November 1985, the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) effort emerged and remains the primary international effort to develop practical fusion power. Many smaller designs, and offshoots like the spherical tokamak, continue to be used to investigate performance parameters and other issues. , JET remains the record holder for fusion output, reaching 16 MW of output for 24 MW of input heating power.


Henry the Lion

Henry the Lion (; 1129/1131 – 6 August 1195) was a member of the Welf dynasty who ruled as the duke of Saxony and Bavaria from 1142 and 1156, respectively, until 1180.

Henry was one of the most powerful German princes of his time, until the rival Hohenstaufen dynasty succeeded in isolating him and eventually deprived him of his duchies of Bavaria and Saxony during the reign of Emperor Frederick Barbarossa and of Frederick's son and successor Henry VI.

At the height of his reign, Henry ruled over a vast territory stretching from the coast of the North and Baltic Seas to the Alps, and from Westphalia to Pomerania. Henry achieved this great power in part by his political and military acumen and in part through the legacies of his four grandparents.


Maui

The island of Maui (; Hawaiian: ) is the second-largest of the Hawaiian Islands at 727.2 square miles (1,883 km2) and is the 17th largest island in the United States. Maui is part of the State of Hawaii and is the largest of Maui County's four islands, which include Molokai, Lānai, and unpopulated Kahoolawe. In 2010, Maui had a population of 144,444, third-highest of the Hawaiian Islands, behind that of Oahu and Hawaii Island. Kahului is the largest census-designated place (CDP) on the island with a population of 26,337 , and is the commercial and financial hub of the island. Wailuku is the seat of Maui County and is the third-largest CDP . Other significant places include Kīhei (including Wailea and Makena in the Kihei Town CDP, the island's second-most-populated CDP), Lāhainā (including Kāanapali and Kapalua in the Lāhainā Town CDP), Makawao, Pukalani, Pāia, Kula, Haikū, and Hāna.


Robert Louis Stevenson

Robert Louis Stevenson (born Robert Lewis Balfour Stevenson; 13 November 1850 – 3 December 1894) was a Scottish novelist, essayist, poet and travel writer. He is best known for works such as "Treasure Island", "Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde", "Kidnapped" and "A Child's Garden of Verses".

Born and educated in Edinburgh, Stevenson suffered from serious bronchial trouble for much of his life, but continued to write prolifically and travel widely in defiance of his poor health. As a young man, he mixed in London literary circles, receiving encouragement from Andrew Lang, Edmund Gosse, Leslie Stephen and W. E. Henley, the last of whom may have provided the model for Long John Silver in "Treasure Island". In 1890, he settled in Samoa where, alarmed at increasing European and American influence in the South Sea islands, his writing turned away from romance and adventure toward a darker realism. He died in his island home in 1894.

A celebrity in his lifetime, Stevenson's critical reputation has fluctuated since his death, though today his works are held in general acclaim. In 2018 he was ranked, just behind Charles Dickens, as the 26th-most-translated author in the world.


Pope Sergius I

Pope Sergius I (8 September 701) was the bishop of Rome from 15 December 687, to his death, and is revered as a saint by the Roman Catholic church. He was elected at a time when two rivals, Paschal and Theodore, were locked in dispute about which of them should become pope. His papacy was dominated by his response to the Quinisext Council, the canons of which he steadfastly refused to accept. Thereupon Emperor Justinian II ordered Sergius' arrest, but the Roman people and the Italian militia of the exarch of Ravenna refused to allow the exarch to bring Sergius to Constantinople.


Polybius

Polybius (; , "Polýbios"; –  BC) was a Greek historian of the Hellenistic period. He is noted for his work , which covered the period of 264–146 BC and the Punic Wars in detail.

Polybius is important for his analysis of the mixed constitution or the separation of powers in government, his in-depth discussion of checks and balances to limit power, and his introduction of "the people", which was influential on Montesquieu's "The Spirit of the Laws", John Locke's Two Treatises, and the framers of the United States Constitution.

The leading expert on Polybius was F. W. Walbank (1909–2008), who published studies related to him for 50 years, including a long commentary of his "Histories" and a biography.


Premier of New South Wales

The Premier of New South Wales is the head of government in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The Government of New South Wales follows the Westminster system, with a Parliament of New South Wales acting as the legislature. The Premier is appointed by the Governor of New South Wales, and by modern convention holds office by virtue of his or her ability to command the support of a majority of members of the lower house of Parliament, the Legislative Assembly.

Before Federation in 1901 the term "Prime Minister of New South Wales" was also used. "Premier" has been used more or less exclusively from 1901, to avoid confusion with the federal Prime Minister of Australia.

The current Premier is Gladys Berejiklian, the Leader of the New South Wales Liberal Party, who assumed office on 23 January 2017. Berejiklian replaced Mike Baird on 23 January 2017, after Baird resigned as Premier.


Pan-Germanism

Pan-Germanism ( or '), also occasionally known as Pan-Germanicism, is a pan-nationalist political idea. Pan-Germanists originally sought to unify all the German-speaking people – and possibly also Germanic-speaking peoples – in a single nation-state known as the Greater Germanic Reich (), fully styled the Greater Germanic Reich of the German Nation.

Pan-Germanism was highly influential in German politics in the 19th century during the unification of Germany when the German Empire was proclaimed as a nation-state in 1871 but without Austria (Kleindeutsche Lösung/Lesser Germany), and the first half of the 20th century in the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the German Empire. From the late 19th century, many Pan-Germanist thinkers, since 1891 organized in the Pan-German League, had adopted openly ethnocentric and racist ideologies, and ultimately gave rise to the foreign policy "Heim ins Reich" pursued by Nazi Germany under Austrian-born Adolf Hitler from 1938, one of the primary factors leading to the outbreak of World War II.
As a result of the disaster of World War II, Pan-Germanism was mostly seen as a taboo ideology in the postwar period in both West and East Germany. Today, Pan-Germanism is mainly limited to some nationalist groups in Germany and Austria.


Laurent-Désiré Kabila

Laurent-Désiré Kabila (French pronunciation: lo.ʁɑ̃ de.zi.ʁe ka.bi.la) (November 27, 1939 – January 16 (or 18), 2001) or simply Laurent Kabila ( ), was a Congolese revolutionary and politician who served as the third President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo from May 17, 1997, when he overthrew Mobutu Sese Seko, until his assassination on January 16, 2001. He was succeeded eight days later by his 29-year-old son Joseph.


Abba Mari

Rabbi Abba Mari ben Moses ben Joseph, was a Provençal rabbi, born at Lunel, near Montpellier, towards the end of the 13th century. He is also known as Yarhi from his birthplace (Hebrew "Yerah", i.e. moon, lune), and he further took the name Astruc, Don Astruc or En Astruc of Lunel from the word "astruc" meaning lucky. He is the founder of the Astruc family.

The descendant of men learned in rabbinic lore, Abba Mari devoted himself to the study of theology and philosophy, and made himself acquainted with the writings of Moses Maimonides and Nachmanides as well as with the "Talmud".

In Montpellier, where he lived from 1303 to 1306, he was much distressed by the prevalence of Aristotelian rationalism, which (in his opinion) through the medium of the works of Maimonides, threatened the authority of the Old Testament, obedience to the law, and the belief in miracles and revelation. He therefore, in a series of letters (afterwards collected under the title "Minhat Kenaot", i.e., "Offering of Zealotry") called upon the famous rabbi Solomon ben Aderet of Barcelona to come to the aid of orthodoxy. Ben Aderet, with the approval of other prominent Spanish rabbis, sent a letter to the community at Montpellier proposing to forbid the study of philosophy to those who were less than twenty-five years of age, and, in spite of keen opposition from the liberal section, a decree in this sense was issued by Ben Aderet in 1305. The result was a great schism among the Jews of Spain and southern France, and a new impulse was given to the study of philosophy by the unauthorized interference of the Spanish rabbis.

Upon the expulsion of the Jews from France by Philip IV in 1306, Abba Mari settled at Perpignan, where he published the letters connected with the controversy. His subsequent history is unknown. Beside the letters, he was the author of liturgical poetry and works on civil law.


Biochemistry

Biochemistry or biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. A sub-discipline of both chemistry and biology, biochemistry may be divided into three fields: structural biology, enzymology and metabolism. Over the last decades of the 20th century, biochemistry has become successful at explaining living processes through these three disciplines. Almost all areas of the life sciences are being uncovered and developed through biochemical methodology and research. Biochemistry focuses on understanding the chemical basis which allows biological molecules to give rise to the processes that occur within living cells and between cells, in turn relating greatly to the understanding of tissues and organs, as well as organism structure and function. Biochemistry is closely related to molecular biology, which is the study of the molecular mechanisms of biological phenomena.

Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, functions, and interactions of biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids. They provide the structure of cells and perform many of the functions associated with life. The chemistry of the cell also depends upon the reactions of small molecules and ions. These can be inorganic (for example, water and metal ions) or organic (for example, the amino acids, which are used to synthesize proteins). The mechanisms used by cells to harness energy from their environment via chemical reactions are known as metabolism. The findings of biochemistry are applied primarily in medicine, nutrition and agriculture. In medicine, biochemists investigate the causes and cures of diseases. Nutrition studies how to maintain health and wellness and also the effects of nutritional deficiencies. In agriculture, biochemists investigate soil and fertilizers. Improving crop cultivation, crop storage, and pest control are also goals.


Rumi

Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī (), also known as Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Balkhī (), Mevlânâ/Mowlānā (, "our master"), Mevlevî/Mawlawī (, "my master"), and more popularly simply as Rumi (30 September 1207 – 17 December 1273), was a 13th-century Persian poet, Hanafi faqih, Islamic scholar, Maturidi theologian, and Sufi mystic originally from Greater Khorasan in Greater Iran. Rumi's influence transcends national borders and ethnic divisions: Iranians, Tajiks, Turks, Greeks, Pashtuns, other Central Asian Muslims, and the Muslims of the Indian subcontinent have greatly appreciated his spiritual legacy for the past seven centuries. His poems have been widely translated into many of the world's languages and transposed into various formats. Rumi has been described as the "most popular poet" and the "best selling poet" in the United States.

Rumi's works are written mostly in Persian, but occasionally he also used Turkish, Arabic, and Greek in his verse. His "Masnavi" ("Mathnawi"), composed in Konya, is considered one of the greatest poems of the Persian language. His works are widely read today in their original language across Greater Iran and the Persian-speaking world. Translations of his works are very popular, most notably in Turkey, Azerbaijan, the United States, and South Asia. His poetry has influenced not only Persian literature, but also the literary traditions of the Ottoman Turkish, Chagatai, Urdu, Bengali and Pashto languages.


Beta decay

In nuclear physics, beta decay ("β"-decay) is a type of radioactive decay in which a beta particle (fast energetic electron or positron) is emitted from an atomic nucleus, transforming the original nuclide to an isobar of that nuclide. For example, beta decay of a neutron transforms it into a proton by the emission of an electron accompanied by an antineutrino; or, conversely a proton is converted into a neutron by the emission of a positron with a neutrino in so-called "positron emission". Neither the beta particle nor its associated (anti-)neutrino exist within the nucleus prior to beta decay, but are created in the decay process. By this process, unstable atoms obtain a more stable ratio of protons to neutrons. The probability of a nuclide decaying due to beta and other forms of decay is determined by its nuclear binding energy. The binding energies of all existing nuclides form what is called the nuclear band or valley of stability. For either electron or positron emission to be energetically possible, the energy release (see below) or "Q" value must be positive.

Beta decay is a consequence of the weak force, which is characterized by relatively lengthy decay times. Nucleons are composed of up quarks and down quarks, and the weak force allows a quark to change its flavour by emission of a W boson leading to creation of an electron/antineutrino or positron/neutrino pair. For example, a neutron, composed of two down quarks and an up quark, decays to a proton composed of a down quark and two up quarks.

Electron capture is sometimes included as a type of beta decay, because the basic nuclear process, mediated by the weak force, is the same. In electron capture, an inner atomic electron is captured by a proton in the nucleus, transforming it into a neutron, and an electron neutrino is released.


San Antonio Spurs

The San Antonio Spurs are an American professional basketball team based in San Antonio. The Spurs compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the league's Western Conference Southwest Division. The team plays its home games at the AT&T Center in San Antonio.

The Spurs are one of four former American Basketball Association (ABA) teams to remain intact in the NBA after the 1976 ABA–NBA merger and are the only former ABA team to have won an NBA championship. The franchise has won NBA championships in 1999, 2003, 2005, 2007, and 2014. As of the 2019–20 season, the Spurs had the highest winning percentage among active NBA franchises. As of May 2017, the Spurs had the best winning percentage of any franchise in the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada over the previous three decades. From 1999–2000 to 2016–17, the Spurs won 50 games each season, setting a record of 18 consecutive 50-win seasons. In the 2018–19 season, the Spurs matched an NBA record for most consecutive playoff appearances with 22. The team's recent success has coincided with the tenure of current head coach Gregg Popovich and with the playing careers of Spurs icons David Robinson (1989–2003) and Tim Duncan (1997–2016).


Carl von Ossietzky

Carl von Ossietzky (; 3 October 1889 – 4 May 1938) was a German journalist and pacifist. He was the recipient of the 1935 Nobel Peace Prize for his work in exposing the clandestine German re-armament.

As editor-in-chief of the magazine "Die Weltbühne", Ossietzky published a series of exposés in the late 1920s, detailing Germany's violation of the Treaty of Versailles by rebuilding an air force (the predecessor of the Luftwaffe) and training pilots in the Soviet Union. He was convicted of treason and espionage in 1931 and sentenced to eighteen months in prison but was granted amnesty in December 1932.

Ossietzky continued to be a vocal critic against German militarism after the Nazis' rise to power. Following the 1933 Reichstag fire, Ossietzky was again arrested and sent to the Esterwegen concentration camp near Oldenburg. In 1936, he was awarded the 1935 Nobel Peace Prize but was forbidden from travelling to Norway and accepting the prize. After enduring years of mistreatment and torture in various Nazi concentration camps, Ossietzky died of tuberculosis in 1938 in a Berlin hospital.


A Christmas Carol

A Christmas Carol. In Prose. Being a Ghost Story of Christmas, commonly known as A Christmas Carol, is a novella by Charles Dickens, first published in London by Chapman & Hall in 1843 and illustrated by John Leech. "A Christmas Carol" recounts the story of Ebenezer Scrooge, an elderly miser who is visited by the ghost of his former business partner Jacob Marley and the spirits of Christmas Past, Present and Yet to Come. After their visits, Scrooge is transformed into a kinder, gentler man.

Dickens wrote "A Christmas Carol" during a period when the British were exploring and re-evaluating past Christmas traditions, including carols, and newer customs such as Christmas trees. He was influenced by the experiences of his own youth and by the Christmas stories of other authors, including Washington Irving and Douglas Jerrold. Dickens had written three Christmas stories prior to the novella, and was inspired following a visit to the Field Lane Ragged School, one of several establishments for London's street children. The treatment of the poor and the ability of a selfish man to redeem himself by transforming into a more sympathetic character are the key themes of the story. There is discussion among academics as to whether this is a fully secular story, or if it is a Christian allegory.

Published on 19 December, the first edition sold out by Christmas Eve; by the end of 1844 thirteen editions had been released. Most critics reviewed the novella favourably. The story was illicitly copied in January 1844; Dickens took legal action against the publishers, who went bankrupt, further reducing Dickens's small profits from the publication. He went on to write four other Christmas stories in subsequent years. In 1849 he began public readings of the story, which proved so successful he undertook 127 further performances until 1870, the year of his death. "A Christmas Carol" has never been out of print and has been translated into several languages; the story has been adapted many times for film, stage, opera and other media.

"A Christmas Carol" captured the zeitgeist of the mid-Victorian revival of the Christmas holiday. Dickens had acknowledged the influence of the modern Western observance of Christmas and later inspired several aspects of Christmas, including family gatherings, seasonal food and drink, dancing, games and a festive generosity of spirit.


Harriet Tubman

Harriet Tubman (born Araminta Ross, March 10, 1913) was an American abolitionist and political activist. Born into slavery, Tubman escaped and subsequently made some 13 missions to rescue approximately 70 enslaved people, including family and friends, using the network of antislavery activists and safe houses known as the Underground Railroad. During the American Civil War, she served as an armed scout and spy for the Union Army. In her later years, Tubman was an activist in the movement for women's suffrage.

Born enslaved in Dorchester County, Maryland, Tubman was beaten and whipped by her various masters as a child. Early in life, she suffered a traumatic head wound when an irate overseer threw a heavy metal weight intending to hit another enslaved person, but hit her instead. The injury caused dizziness, pain, and spells of hypersomnia, which occurred throughout her life. After her injury, Tubman began experiencing strange visions and vivid dreams, which she ascribed to premonitions from God. These experiences, combined with her Methodist upbringing, led her to become devoutly religious.

In 1849, Tubman escaped to Philadelphia, only to return to Maryland to rescue her family soon after. Slowly, one group at a time, she brought relatives with her out of the state, and eventually guided dozens of other enslaved people to freedom. Traveling by night and in extreme secrecy, Tubman (or "Moses", as she was called) "never lost a passenger". After the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 was passed, she helped guide fugitives farther north into British North America (Canada), and helped newly freed enslaved people find work. Tubman met John Brown in 1858, and helped him plan and recruit supporters for his 1859 raid on Harpers Ferry.

When the Civil War began, Tubman worked for the Union Army, first as a cook and nurse, and then as an armed scout and spy. The first woman to lead an armed expedition in the war, she guided the raid at Combahee Ferry, which liberated more than 700 enslaved people. After the war, she retired to the family home on property she had purchased in 1859 in Auburn, New York, where she cared for her aging parents. She was active in the women's suffrage movement until illness overtook her, and she had to be admitted to a home for elderly African Americans that she had helped to establish years earlier. After her death in 1913, she became an icon of courage and freedom.


Asperger syndrome

Asperger syndrome (AS), also known as Asperger's, is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication, along with restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior and interests. It is an autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but differs from other ASDs by relatively unimpaired language and intelligence. Although not required for diagnosis, physical clumsiness and unusual use of language are common. Signs usually begin before two years of age and in many cases never resolve.
The exact cause of Asperger's is unknown. While it is largely inherited, the underlying genetics have not been determined conclusively. Environmental factors are also believed to play a role. Brain imaging has not identified a common underlying condition. In 1992, the diagnosis of Asperger's was added to in the tenth edition of the "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders"; it was removed in 2013, with the symptoms now included within the autism spectrum disorder along with autism and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS). It remains within the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) as a subtype of autism spectrum disorder.
There is no single treatment, and the effectiveness of particular interventions is supported by only limited data. Treatment is aimed at lowering obsessive or repetitive routines and improving communication skills and physical clumsiness. Interventions may include social skills training, cognitive behavioral therapy, physical therapy, speech therapy, parent training, and medications for associated problems, such as mood or anxiety. Most children improve as they grow up, but social and communication difficulties usually persist. Some researchers and people on the autism spectrum have advocated a shift in attitudes toward the view that autism spectrum disorder is a difference rather than a disease that must be treated or cured.
In 2015, Asperger's was estimated to affect 37.2 million people globally (about 0.5% of people). Autism spectrum disorder is diagnosed in males more often than females, and females are typically diagnosed at a later age. The syndrome is named after the Austrian pediatrician Hans Asperger, who, in 1944, described children in his care who struggled to form friendships, did not understand others' gestures or feelings, engaged in one-sided conversations about their favorite interests, and were clumsy. The modern conception of Asperger syndrome came into existence in 1981 and went through a period of popularization. It became a standardized diagnosis in the early 1990s. Many questions and controversies about the condition remain. There is doubt about whether it is distinct from high-functioning autism (HFA). Partly because of this, the percentage of people affected is not firmly established.


Kanji

are the adopted logographic Chinese characters that are used in the Japanese writing system. They are used alongside the Japanese syllabic scripts "hiragana" and "katakana". The Japanese term "kanji" for the Chinese characters literally means "Han characters". It is written with the same characters as in Traditional Chinese to refer to the character writing system, "hanzi" (). Although some Kanji will have similar meaning and pronunciation as Chinese, some can have very different meanings and pronunciations as well e.g. 誠, meaning 'honest' in both Chinese and Japanese, is pronounced "makoto" or "sei" in Japanese, but pronounced "chéng" in Chinese (Standard).


Rocky

Rocky is a 1976 American sports drama film directed by John G. Avildsen, written by and starring Sylvester Stallone. It tells the rags to riches American Dream story of Rocky Balboa, an uneducated, kind-hearted working class Italian-American boxer, working as a debt collector for a loan shark in the slums of Philadelphia. Rocky, a small-time club fighter, gets a shot at the world heavyweight championship. The film also stars Talia Shire as Adrian, Burt Young as Adrian's brother Paulie, Burgess Meredith as Rocky's trainer Mickey Goldmill, and Carl Weathers as the reigning champion, Apollo Creed.

The film, made on a budget of just over $1.1 million, was a sleeper hit; it earned $225 million in global box office receipts, becoming the highest-grossing film of 1976. The film was critically acclaimed and solidified Stallone's career and was the beginning of his rise to prominence as a major movie star of that era. Among other accolades, it received ten Academy Award nominations, winning three, including Best Picture. In 2006, the Library of Congress selected the film for preservation in the United States National Film Registry for being "culturally, historically or aesthetically significant". Critics consider "Rocky" one of the greatest sports films ever made and the American Film Institute ranked it the second-best in the genre, after "Raging Bull" in 2008.

The film has spawned eight sequels: "Rocky II" (1979), "Rocky III" (1982), "Rocky IV" (1985), "Rocky V" (1990), "Rocky Balboa" (2006), "Creed" (2015), "Creed II" (2018), and "Creed III" (2022). Stallone portrays Rocky in all eight films, wrote six, co-wrote two, and directed four of the six titular installments.


Art Deco

Art Deco, sometimes referred to as Deco, is a style of visual arts, architecture and design that first appeared in France just before World War I. Art Deco influenced the design of buildings, furniture, jewelry, fashion, cars, movie theatres, trains, ocean liners, and everyday objects such as radios and vacuum cleaners. It took its name, short for "Arts Décoratifs", from the Exposition internationale des arts décoratifs et industriels modernes (International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts) held in Paris in 1925. It combined modern styles with fine craftsmanship and rich materials. During its heyday, Art Deco represented luxury, glamour, exuberance, and faith in social and technological progress.

From its outset, Art Deco was influenced by the bold geometric forms of Cubism and the Vienna Secession; the bright colors of Fauvism and of the Ballets Russes; the updated craftsmanship of the furniture of the eras of Louis Philippe I and Louis XVI; and the exotic styles of China and Japan, India, Persia, ancient Egypt and Maya art. It featured rare and expensive materials, such as ebony and ivory, and exquisite craftsmanship. The Chrysler Building and other skyscrapers of New York City built during the 1920s and 1930s are monuments of the Art Deco style.

In the 1930s, during the Great Depression, Art Deco became more subdued. New materials arrived, including chrome plating, stainless steel, and plastic. A sleeker form of the style, called Streamline Moderne, appeared in the 1930s; it featured curving forms and smooth, polished surfaces. Art Deco is one of the first truly international styles, but its dominance ended with the beginning of World War II and the rise of the strictly functional and unadorned styles of modern architecture and the International Style of architecture that followed.


The 1960 United States presidential election in Iowa took place on November 8, 1960, as part of the 1960 United States presidential election. Voters chose ten representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Iowa was won by incumbent Vice President Richard Nixon (R–California), running with United States Ambassador to the United Nations Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr., with 56.71% of the popular vote, against Senator John F. Kennedy (D–Massachusetts), running with Senator Lyndon B. Johnson, with 43.22% of the popular vote. , this is the last election in which Johnson County voted for a Republican presidential candidate.


G. P. Venkidu

G. P. Venkidu (1935 - 23 September 2020) was an Indian politician who was elected to the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from the Gobichettipalayam constituency in the 1996 elections. He was a candidate of the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) party. He served until 2001. He died in a private hospital in Coimbatore of COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in India, aged 85.


Premio al Pueblo Ejemplar de Asturias

Premio al Pueblo Ejemplar de Asturias (in English: "Exemplary Town of Asturias Award", in Asturian: "Premiu al Pueblu Exemplar d'Asturies") is an award granted since 1990 "Fundación Princesa de Asturias de Asturias" to the Asturian village who stand out in "defense of their noblest values, their natural or ecological environment, their historical, cultural or artistic heritage. This award is conceived within the Princess of Asturias Awards.


Desulfofaba gelida

Desulfofaba gelida is a Gram-negative, sulfate-reducing and psychrophilic bacterium from the genus of Desulfofaba which has been isolated from marine mud from Hornsund in Norway.


Philip Mestdagh

Philip Mestdagh (born 26 January 1963) is a Belgian basketball coach of the Belgian women's national team, which he coached at the EuroBasket Women 2017 and the 2018 FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup.


The 1904 United States presidential election in Maine took place on November 8, 1904 as part of the 1904 United States presidential election. Voters chose six representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Maine overwhelmingly voted for the Republican nominee, President Theodore Roosevelt, over the Democratic nominee, former Chief Judge of New York Court of Appeals Alton B. Parker. Roosevelt won Maine by a margin of 38.95%.


Brigitte Bourguignon

Brigitte Bourguignon (born 21 March 1959) is a French politician serving as Minister for Autonomy in the government of Prime Minister Jean Castex since 2020. A member of the Socialist Party (PS) before she joined La République En Marche! (REM) in 2017, she was the member of the National Assembly for the sixth constituency of Pas-de-Calais from 2012 until her appointment as delegate at the Ministry of Solidarity and Health.

located in the administrative territorial entity


Laurent Peyrelade

Laurent Peyrelade (born 7 July 1970) is a French former footballer who played as a forward, and currently the manager of French club Rodez.


Nicolae Macici

Nicolae Macici (7 November 1886 – 15 June 1950) was a Romanian lieutenant general during World War II, when he commanded the Romanian First Army, first on the side of the Axis (1941–1944) and then on the side of the Allies (1944–1945). Convicted in 1945 by the Bucharest People's Tribunal as a war criminal for his role in the Odessa massacre, he died at Aiud Prison five years later.


Frank De La Paz Perdomo

Frank De La Paz Perdomo (born 24 May 1975) is a Cuban chess player. He was awarded the title of Grandmaster (GM) by FIDE in 2004.

In 1998, he represented Cuba as 2nd reserve in the 33rd Chess Olympiad, scoring 1.5 out of 4.

He played in the Chess World Cup 2011, where he was defeated by Teimour Radjabov in the first round.


Cairanne AOC

Cairanne AOC is a wine-growing AOC in the southern Rhône wine region of France, in the commune of Cairanne in the Vaucluse "département". Red, rosé and white wines are produced. Previously a part of Côtes-du-Rhône Villages AOC, the wines received their own AOC provisionally on 20 June 2016, and definitely on 25 June 2018.


Zhernovtsy

Zhernovtsy () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Srostinsky Selsoviet, Yegoryevsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 50 as of 2013.


Miguel Santos Ruiz

Miguel Santos Ruiz (born 4 October 1999) is a Spanish chess player. He was awarded the title of Grandmaster (GM) by FIDE in 2019.

He played in the chess World Cup 2019, where he was defeated by Wei Yi in the first round.


Carlos Daniel Albornoz Cabrera

Carlos Daniel Albornoz Cabrera (born 26 December 2000) is a Cuban chess player. He was awarded the title of Grandmaster (GM) by FIDE in 2019. Carlos is the 2nd best player in Cuba.

In 2018, he won the 30th Carlos Torre Memorial, finishing with 7/9 points and beating Lelys Stanley Martinez Duany, Yuri Gonzalez Vidal, and Evgeny Shtembuliak on tie-break. In 2009, he won the 31st Carlos Torre Memorial, again scoring 7/9 points and beating on tie-break Luis Fernando Ibarra Chami, Elier Miranda Mesa, and Bartlomiej Macieja.

He played in the Chess World Cup 2019, where he was defeated by Peter Svidler in the first round.


Timothé Nkada

Timothé Nkada Zogo (born 20 July 1999) is a French professional footballer who plays as a forward for Stade de Reims in the French Ligue 1.


Adrien Lebeau

Adrien Lebeau (born 8 July 1999) is a French professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Strasbourg in the Ligue 1.


Rayan Philippe

Rayan Philippe (born 23 October 2000) is a French professional footballer who plays as a forward for Ligue 2 club Nancy, on loan from fellow Ligue 2 club Dijon.


Balasiong

Balasiong (also spelled balacion, baliciong, or balisiong) is a Filipino sword used by Muslim Filipino ethnolinguistic groups (the Moro people) in the Southern Philippines. It is a type of "kalis" but differs in that the double-edged blade isn't wavy but instead slightly convex. It also tapers sharply to the tip. The hilt, like in the "kalis" is shaped like a pistol handle, an element known as the "kakatua" (cockatoo).


Nadeschda Gernet

Nadeschda Gernet, also Nadezhda, Russian: Надежда Николаевна Гернет, (April 18, 1877 – January 1, 1943), was a Russian mathematician. Gernet was the second woman in Russia to earn a doctorate. She extended the calculus of variations to further functions on the basis developed by her instructor, David Hilbert, and was one of the first to include inequalities in the calculus of variations.


Arctic Dogs

Arctic Dogs (also known as Arctic Justice or Polar Squad in the UK) is a 2019 Canadian-American computer-animated comedy film co-written and directed by Aaron Woodley and co-directed by Dimos Vrysellas. The film stars the voices of Jeremy Renner, Heidi Klum, James Franco, John Cleese, Omar Sy, Michael Madsen, Laurie Holden, Anjelica Huston, and Alec Baldwin.

The film was released on November 1, 2019 by Entertainment Studios in Canada and the United States. It was a box-office bomb, grossing less than a fifth of its production budget of $50 million, and was given negative reviews for its writing, humor, and animation.


Jonathan Lee Riches

Jonathan Lee Riches (born December 27, 1976) is an convicted fraudster known for the many lawsuits he has filed in various United States district courts. Riches was incarcerated at Federal Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky, for wire fraud under the terms of a plea bargain. His release date was April 30, 2012. He was arrested for violating his federal probation in December 2012, when he left the Eastern District of the state of Pennsylvania without permission. He allegedly drove to Connecticut and impersonated the uncle of Adam Lanza, the shooter in the Sandy Hook Elementary School incident.


Melpo Kosti

Melpo Kosti (Greek: Μέλπω Κωστή; Athens, 19 October 1955) is a Greek television and soap opera actress, currently appearing on "Erotas". She is best known for her roles in
such TV series as "Synora Agapis" and "Pathos".


1123 Shapleya

1123 Shapleya, provisional designation , is a stony Florian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 11 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 21 September 1928, by Russian astronomer Grigory Neujmin at Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. It was named after American astronomer Harlow Shapley.


Donghae Expressway

Donghae Expressway () is an expressway in South Korea, connecting Busan to Sokcho. It is numbered 65 and it is planned to eventually extend all the way along the east coast to Haeundae, Busan. Its current length is , and It is part of the Asia Highway Route 6.

In 1966. the South Korean Government and IBRD investigated about Gangwon Province, and decided to construct a new Industrial road that connected Sokcho, Gangneung and Samcheok. In 1971, the Government decided to construct Gangneung–Mukho (Donghae City) Section. This expressway was the seventh highway opened in South Korea.

This expressway will connect with Wonsan-Geumgangsan Expressway (원산금강산고속도로) and Wonsan-Hamheung Expressway after Korean reunification.


Hazen's Notch

Hazen's Notch is a mountain pass in Westfield, in the northern Green Mountains of Vermont. Hazen's Notch was named after Moses Hazen, who in 1779 led the construction of the Bayley Hazen Military Road. The road was planned to extend from Newbury, Vermont, to Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec, not far from Montreal, to facilitate an invasion of Canada during the American Revolutionary War; it had reached this point when construction stopped.

The notch is defined by the cliffs of Sugarloaf Mountain to the north and by Haystack Mountain to the south. The height of land of the pass is located in Hazen's Notch State Park, in Orleans County, about east of the boundary between Orleans and Franklin Counties. Located on the south side of the road at the height of land in Hazen's Notch is a stone tablet inscribed with the words "Terminus of the Hazen Road, 1779" which was placed there by the Orleans County Historical Society on August 21, 1903.

The geology of the Hazen's Notch area in Westfield and Montgomery is primarily Hazen's Notch Formation of schist with intrusions of Belvidere Mountain Amphibolite and two areas of ultramafic rocks all of which grades into Jay Peak Formation in the lower elevations.

On the east side, Hazen's Notch drains into the East Branch of the Missisquoi River, which drains into Lake Champlain, thence into Canada's Richelieu River, the Saint Lawrence River, and into the Gulf of Saint Lawrence. To the west, the gap is drained by Wade Brook, which drains into the Trout River, thence the Missisquoi River.

The Long Trail, a 272-mile (438-km) hiking trail running the length of Vermont, crosses Hazen's Notch between Haystack Mountain, 1.5 mi (2.5 km) to the south, and Sugarloaf Mountain immediately to the north.

The State of Vermont has designated as the Hazen's Notch Natural Area.


Massacre in Běchovice

The Massacre in Běchovice occurred on 17 June 1848 at the train station in the village of Běchovice near Prague (now part of the city), in Bohemia (now the Czech Republic).

In the revolutionary year 1848, many of Prague's bourgeoisie decided to flee the city. Many of them fled by train. In those times, there was only one railway line that connected Prague with Vienna, by way of Česká Třebová and Olomouc, and Běchovice was the first station beyond Prague.

Because of its location, General Windischgraetz chose Běchovice as a main center for searches for rebels. Windischgraetz and his army searched each train, but they were not able to find any guns or rebels. Soon after 6 a.m., a train arrived full of students fleeing from Prague. It is not known what exactly happened. There was probably a minor skirmish between one of the passengers and some soldiers, but it grew to a massacre. Hussars attacked the train and slaughtered everyone on sight. Everyone was ordered to stay on the train, but the hussars pulled people out and killed them. Some of the passengers, mainly women and children, fled to the nearby train station building although it was under heavy fire.

The exact number of those killed is not known, but there were over 100 heavily wounded passengers.


Journal of Sex Research

The Journal of Sex Research is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering the study of human sexuality and the field of sexology in general. It is published by Routledge on behalf of the Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality. In 1963, the society had published a one-issue journal entitled "Advances in Sex Research". The "Journal of Sex Research" was then first published in 1965. The current editor-in-chief is Cynthia A. Graham (University of Southampton).

In 2019, the journal had an impact factor of 3.683. According to the "Journal Citation Reports", in 2013, the journal ranked 2nd out of 92 journals in the "Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary" category, and 26th out of 111 journals in the "Psychology, Clinical" category. The journal incorporates the "Annual Review of Sex Research" since 2009.


Armand Bayou Nature Center

Armand Bayou Nature Center is an urban preserve located in Pasadena and southeast Houston between the Johnson Space Center and the Bayport Industrial District. The nature center is the largest urban wilderness preserve in the United States.

The nature center is home to more than 370 species of birds, mammals, reptiles, and amphibians. Over 220 species of birds reside or rely on the center as a safe resting-place on their migratory journeys. White-tailed Deer, Red-shouldered Hawk, Opossum, Crow, Armadillo, Coyote, Raccoon, American Alligator, Tricolored Heron and the rare Purple Martin can be found at the center and surrounding areas throughout the year.

Armand Bayou Nature Center lies along the Central Flyway, the largest migratory bird route in North America. The center is part of the Great Texas Coastal Birding Trail and one of the coastal preserves designated under the Texas Coastal Preserve Program of the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department.


Sonatas and Interludes

Sonatas and Interludes is a cycle of twenty pieces for prepared piano by American avant-garde composer John Cage (1912–1992). It was composed in 1946–48, shortly after Cage's introduction to Indian philosophy and the teachings of art historian Ananda K. Coomaraswamy, both of which became major influences on the composer's later work. Significantly more complex than his other works for prepared piano, "Sonatas and Interludes" is generally recognized as one of Cage's finest achievements.

The cycle consists of sixteen sonatas (thirteen of which are cast in binary form, the remaining three in ternary form) and four more freely structured interludes. The aim of the pieces is to express the eight permanent emotions of the rasa Indian tradition. In "Sonatas and Interludes", Cage elevated his technique of rhythmic proportions to a new level of complexity. In each sonata a short sequence of natural numbers and fractions defines the structure of the work and that of its parts, informing structures as localized as individual melodic lines.


Shiplake Railway Bridge

Shiplake Railway Bridge carries the Henley Branch Line to Henley-on-Thames, England across the River Thames, connecting Shiplake in Oxfordshire with Wargrave in Berkshire. It crosses the river just downstream of Shiplake Lock on the reach above Marsh Lock.


1986 African Cup of Champions Clubs

The 1986 African Cup of Champions Clubs was the 22nd edition of the annual international club football competition held in the CAF region (Africa), the African Cup of Champions Clubs. It determined that year's club champion of association football in Africa.

The tournament was played by 38 teams and was used a playoff scheme with home and away matches. Zamalek SC from Egypt won that final, and became for the second time CAF club champion.


E2F3

Transcription factor E2F3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the "E2F3" gene.


Dilbat

Dilbat (modern Tell ed-Duleim or Tell al-Deylam, Iraq) was an ancient Sumerian minor "tell" (hill city) located southeast from Babylon on the eastern bank of the Western Euphrates in modern-day Al-Qādisiyyah, Iraq. The ziggurat E-ibe-Anu, dedicated to Urash, a minor local deity distinct from the earth goddess Urash, was located in the center of the city and was mentioned in the Epic of Gilgamesh.


Champdany Municipality

Champdany Municipality is the civic body that governs Champdani and its surrounding areas in Chandannagore subdivision of Hooghly district, West Bengal, India.


The 1876 United States presidential election in New Jersey took place on November 7, 1876, as part of the 1876 United States presidential election. Voters chose nine representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

New Jersey voted for the Democratic nominee, Samuel J. Tilden, over the Republican nominee, Rutherford B. Hayes. Tilden won the state by a narrow margin of 5.65%.


1982 Avon Championships of Washington

The 1982 Avon Championships of Washington was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts (Sporteze) at the GWU Charles Smith Center and the Capital Centre in Washington D.C., District of Columbia in the United States that was part of the 1982 Avon Championships Circuit. It was the ninth edition of the tournament and was held from January 4 through January 11, 1982. Second-seeded Martina Navratilova won the singles title and earned $40,000 first-prize money.


Carrier Air Group SIX

The first Carrier Air Group to use the designation Carrier Air Group SIX was established on 15 March 1943. It was constituted from the squadrons of the "Enterprise" Air Group which had been disestablished on 1 September 1942 and was initially assigned to USS "Enterprise" (CV-6). Due to the manner in which the United States Navy determines unit lineage, in which a unit's lineage begins at establishment and ends at disestablishment, the "Enterprise" Air Group and Carrier Air Group SIX are two separate and distinct units and do not share a lineage.


Mount Richmond Forest Park

Mount Richmond Forest Park is a forest park in New Zealand, administered by the Department of Conservation.

Established in 1977, the forest park is located between Nelson and Marlborough and consists of of conservation estate. Around 80% of the area is covered in bush. The most notable peak in the forest park is Mount Richmond, which has an elevation above sea level of .


China Telecom

China Telecom Corp., Ltd. is a Chinese telecommunications company. It is one of the red chip listed companies of state-owned China Telecommunications Corporation. Its H shares have been traded on the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong since 15 November 2002. It is a constituent of the Hang Seng China Enterprises Index, the index for the H shares of state-controlled listed companies. The company was also listed on the New York Stock Exchange until January 2021.

China Telecom was a brand of China Telecommunications Corporation, but after the market liberailization of China, the state-owned enterprise spun off the brand and operated it as a separate company, floating it on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange.

, there were 153 million customers using China Telecommunications Corporation's internet service, of which 134 million of them belong to China Telecom Corp., Ltd.


Joe Batley

Joe Batley (born 27 June 1996) is an English rugby union player who plays at Second Row, Flanker or Number 8 for Worcester Warriors, in Premiership Rugby. England's highest division of rugby union.

A graduate of Gloucester academy. Batley signed his first professional contract with local rivals Bristol Rugby who compete in the RFU Championship from the 2017-18 season.

Batley represented England U18s in a friendly tour match against France He then represented England U20s during the 2015 World Rugby Under 20 Championship

On 13 May 2020, Batley would sign for local rivals Worcester Warriors on a one-year deal for the 2020-21 season.


Vladimír Šmilauer

Vladimír Šmilauer (5 December 1895, Plzeň – 13 October 1983, Prague) was a Czech linguist, Bohemist and Slovakist.


Naumannella halotolerans

Naumannella halotolerans is a Gram-positive and aerobic bacterium from the genus of Naumannella which has been isolated from a pharmaceutical clean room and milk products in Sachsen-Anhalt in Germany.


The Woodinville Weekly

The Woodinville Weekly is a community newspaper in Woodinville, Washington, United States. Since 1992 it has been the legal newspaper of the City of Woodinville.

The publication was founded by Carol Edwards in 1976. Edwards, originally from Seattle, had moved to Woodinville that year from Riverside, California and started the paper at her home with a printing press she had purchased at a garage sale.

According to the newspaper, it had a circulation of 30,000 in 2017.


Gohan-eup

Gohan-eup () is a town in Jeongseon County, Gangwon Province, South Korea, and the county seat of the county of Jeongseon. The town has a surface area of 52.32 km2 (20.2 mi2) and a population of 9,940. It is located in the far southeast of Jeongseon County and is the southernmost town in the county. It is neighbored by Sabuk-eup in the north.


2003 Grand Prix de Denain

The 2003 Grand Prix de Denain was the 45th edition of the Grand Prix de Denain cycle race and was held on 17 April 2003. The race was won by Bert Roesems.

general classification of race participants


ACM Doctoral Dissertation Award

The ACM Doctoral Dissertation Award is awarded annually by the Association for Computing Machinery to the authors of the best doctoral dissertations in computer science and computer engineering. The award is accompanied by a prize of US $20,000 and winning dissertations are published in the ACM Digital Library. Honorable mentions are awarded $10,000. Financial support is provided by Google. The number of awarded dissertations may vary year-to-year.

ACM also awards the ACM India Doctoral Dissertation Award. Several Special Interest Groups (SIGs) award a Doctoral Dissertation Award.


The 2018 Trofeo Alfredo Binda-Comune di Cittiglio was the 20th running of the Trofeo Alfredo Binda, a women's cycling race in Italy. It was the third event of the 2018 UCI Women's World Tour season and was held on 18 March 2017. The race started in Gavirate and finished in Cittiglio, on the outskirts of Lago Maggiore in Northwest Italy.

Polish rider Kasia Niewiadoma won the race after a solo attack. A group of 20 riders was formed during the final lap, on the Colle del Casale, from which Niewiadoma broke clear at 8 km from the finish. She held her lead to claim her third World Tour win. Chantal Blaak won the sprint for second place at 23 seconds ahead of Marianne Vos.


2009 Dwars door Vlaanderen

The 2009 Dwars door Vlaanderen was the 64th edition of the Dwars door Vlaanderen cycle race and was held on 25 March 2009. The race started in Roeselare and finished in Waregem. The race was won by Kevin van Impe.


2015 Chrono des Nations

The 2015 Chrono des Nations was the 34th edition of the Chrono des Nations cycle race and was held on 18 October 2015. The race started and finished in Les Herbiers. The race was won by Vasil Kiryienka.


The 1904 United States presidential election in Colorado took place on November 8, 1904. All contemporary 45 states were part of the 1904 United States presidential election. State voters chose five electors to the Electoral College, which selected the president and vice president.

Colorado was won by the Republican nominees, incumbent President Theodore Roosevelt of New York and his running mate Charles W. Fairbanks of Indiana.

Roosevelt's victory in Colorado was part of a national landslide. He was the only Republican candidate to win the state between 1888 and 1920.


Andréas Winding

Andréas Winding (1928-1977) was a French cinematographer known for such films as "Henri-Georges Clouzot's Inferno", "Friends", "A Slightly Pregnant Man", "Don Juan, or If Don Juan Were a Woman", "Playtime", "The Deadly Trap", "Rider on the Rain" and "La Prisonnière".


The Love Crimes of Gillian Guess

The Love Crimes of Gillian Guess is a Canadian drama film, directed by Bruce McDonald and released in 2004. The film is loosely based on the real-life story of Gillian Guess, who was convicted of obstruction of justice in 1998 after she became romantically involved with an accused murderer while serving as a juror at his trial, although McDonald himself freely admitted that the film takes "kooky" diversions into animated and musical sequences rather than attempting to literally depict the true story; in the adaptation, Guess is recounting her version of the story as a guest on a fictional television show hosted by tabloid talk show host Bobby Tomahawk.

The film stars Joely Collins as Guess, Ben Bass as Peter Gill and Hugh Dillon as Bobby Tomahawk. The film's score was composed by Broken Social Scene, including their single "Lover's Spit", although music by Lucinda Williams, Josh Rouse and Hugh Dillon Redemption Choir was also used.

The film premiered at the 2004 Toronto International Film Festival, but apart from some follow-up film festival and repertory theatre screenings it was distributed primarily as a television film on Citytv rather than going into general theatrical release.

It was a finalist for Best Motion Picture at the Leo Awards in 2005, and for Best Direction in a Dramatic Program or Miniseries at the 21st Gemini Awards. Collins won the award for Best Actress in a Canadian Film at the Vancouver Film Critics Circle Awards 2004.


1972 Tirreno–Adriatico

The 1972 Tirreno–Adriatico was the seventh edition of the Tirreno–Adriatico cycle race and was held from 13 March to 17 March 1972. The race started in Ladispoli and finished in San Benedetto del Tronto. The race was won by Roger De Vlaeminck.


Hydrogenibacillus schlegelii

Hydrogenibacillus schlegelii is a Gram-positive species of bacteria. Strains of this species were originally isolated from a lake (Le Loclat) near St-Blaise, Neuchâtel, Switzerland. The species is thermophilic; strains isolated from soil in Antarctica were found to grow at temperatures between 59 and 72 °C.


1953 Liège–Bastogne–Liège

The 1953 Liège–Bastogne–Liège was the 39th edition of the Liège–Bastogne–Liège cycle race and was held on 3 May 1953. The race started and finished in Liège. The race was won by Alois De Hertog.


İzmit Clock Tower

The İzmit Clock Tower (Turkish: "İzmit Saat Kulesi") in İzmit, Turkey is one of many clock towers that were built throughout the Ottoman Empire as a result of the decree which was sent to the provincial governors to commemorate the 25th anniversary of Sultan Abdülhamid II's ascension to the Ottoman throne. It was designed by architect Vedat Tek upon the order of Musa Kazım Bey, the governor of İzmit, and built in 1902. Other sources name the architect of the tower as Mihran Azaryan who was an Armenian-Ottoman of Izmit origin.

The neoclassical clock tower, which stands just in front of the Hünkar Pavilion of Sultan Abdülaziz, has four floors with dimensions . The ground floor houses fountains, while the clock is on the top floor. All four facades of the middle floors are decorated with the seal of Sultan Abdülhamid II. The pointed cone on top is coated with lead.

The clock tower has been an inseparable part of the history of İzmit throughout the 20th century, and has become the symbol of the city.

In the former Balkan provinces of the Ottoman Empire, particularly in present-day Serbian, Bosnian and Montenegrin towns such as Belgrade, Prijepolje, Sarajevo, Banja Luka, Gradačac and Stara Varoš, similar Ottoman era clock towers are still named "Sahat Kula" (deriving from the Turkish words "Saat Kulesi", meaning "Clock Tower".)

It was restored in 2006.


Piz di Pian

Piz di Pian is a mountain of the Lepontine Alps on the Swiss-Italian border. With an elevation of 3,158 m (10,361 ft), it is the highest summit on the chain south of Pizzo Tambo.


Tomáš Kudělka

Tomáš Kudělka (born 10 March 1987) is a Czech professional ice hockey defenceman currently playing for HC TPS of the SM-liiga. He was drafted in the fifth round, 136th overall in the 2005 NHL Entry Draft by the Ottawa Senators of the National Hockey League.


Smyadovo

Smyadovo (, ; ISO transliterated "Smjadovo") is a town in eastern Bulgaria, part of Shumen Province. It is the administrative centre of the homonymous Smyadovo Municipality, which lies in the southeastern part of the province. As of December 2009, the town has a population of 4,036 inhabitants.

The operatic mezzo soprano Alexandrina Miltcheva was born in Smyadovo on 27 November 1934.

Smyadovo lies in the southeastern Danubian Plain, at the northern foot of the eastern Balkan Mountains. It was first mentioned in early Ottoman times (Evliya Çelebi mentions it as "Smedovak") and was proclaimed a town in 1969.

Smyadovo Cove in Rugged Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named after Smyadovo.


Gimsøya

Gimsøya is an island in Vågan Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. Gimsøya is situated between the islands of Austvågøya and Vestvågøya in the Lofoten archipelago. The island has a population (2016) of 181.

The European route E10 highway passes through Gimsøya linking the island to Austvågøya by the Gimsøystraumen Bridge and to the island of Vestvågøya by the Sundklakkstraumen Bridge. The main population centres on Gimsøya include Vinje (where Gimsøy Elementary school is located), Hov (where the golf course is located), Hovsund (where the marina and the abandoned fish factory is located), Barstrand (where some fishing industry is located), Gimsøysand (where Gimsøy Church is located), and Årrstranda.

Historically, the island made up a large part of the old Gimsøy Municipality which existed from 1856 until its dissolution in 1964.


Nacho Martínez

Nacho Martínez (8 July 1952 – 24 July 1996), born Ignacio Martínez Navia-Osorio, was a Spanish actor.

Born in Mieres, Asturias in 1952, Martínez began his film career as Tasio's brother in the movie "Tasio" directed by Montxo Armendáriz in 1984. However, the character for which he will be most remembered for is the bullfighter in the film "Matador" in 1986, Pedro Almodóvar, where he co-starred with a very young Antonio Banderas. With Almodóvar, he also acted in "Law of Desire" (1987) as well as "High Heels" (1991).

In 1986, Martínez was a candidate for "Fotogramas de Plata" as best actor, coincided with Ángela Molina in "La Mitad del Cielo", by Manuel Gutiérrez Aragón, and had a small role in the cult movie "Viaje a Ninguna Parte", directed by Fernando Fernán Gómez.

Along with his film career, Martínez had a long career as a voice actor in dubbing, film, and cartoons.

Martínez died after a long battle with lung cancer at the age of 44, which cut short the career of one of the most influential Spanish actors of the 1980s.

In 2006, Martínez was remembered at the twentieth edition of the Goya Awards.


Lupche-Savino

The Lupche-Savino () is a river in the south of the Kola Peninsula in Murmansk Oblast, Russia. It is 22 km long. The Lupche-Savino originates in the Lake Bolshoye Savino, flows through the smaller Lake Lupche and discharges into the Lupcha Bay of Kandalaksha Gulf.


Oreanda

Oreanda (Ukrainian and Russian: Ореанда; ) is an urban-type settlement in the Yalta Municipality of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, a territory recognized by a majority of countries as part of Ukraine and annexed by Russia as the Republic of Crimea.

Oreanda is administratively subordinate to the Livadiya Settlement Council. The urban-type settlement's population was 887 as of the 2001 Ukrainian census. Current population:


Sindernbach

Sindernbach is a river of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, which is 3.58 kilometers in length. It has its source on the east of the mountain Lahnkopf in the Rothaar Mountains in an elevation of 570 meters, and it flows into the river Sieg in the village of Nenkersdorf in an elevation of 365 meters above sea level.


2017 NHL Entry Draft

The 2017 NHL Entry Draft was the 55th NHL Entry Draft. The draft was held on June 23–24, 2017, at the United Center in Chicago, Illinois. The first three selections were Nico Hischier going to the New Jersey Devils, Nolan Patrick going to the Philadelphia Flyers, and Miro Heiskanen going to the Dallas Stars.


D-lysopine dehydrogenase

In enzymology, a D-lysopine dehydrogenase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

:N2-(D-1-carboxyethyl)-L-lysine + NADP+ + H2O formula_1 L-lysine + pyruvate + NADPH + H+

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are N2-(D-1-carboxyethyl)-L-lysine, NADP+, and H2O, whereas its 4 products are L-lysine, pyruvate, NADPH, and H+.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-NH group of donors with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is N2-(D-1-carboxyethyl)-L-lysine:NADP+ oxidoreductase (L-lysine-forming). Other names in common use include D-lysopine synthase, lysopine dehydrogenase, D(+)-lysopine dehydrogenase, 2-N-(D-1-carboxyethyl)-L-lysine:NADP+ oxidoreductase, and (L-lysine-forming). This enzyme participates in lysine degradation.


ERCC1

DNA excision repair protein ERCC-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the "ERCC1" gene. Together with ERCC4, ERCC1 forms the ERCC1-XPF enzyme complex that participates in DNA repair and DNA recombination.

Many aspects of these two gene products are described together here because they are partners during DNA repair. The ERCC1-XPF nuclease is an essential activity in the pathway of DNA nucleotide excision repair (NER). The ERCC1-XPF nuclease also functions in pathways to repair double-strand breaks in DNA, and in the repair of “crosslink” damage that harmfully links the two DNA strands.

Cells with disabling mutations in "ERCC1" are more sensitive than normal to particular DNA damaging agents, including ultraviolet (UV) radiation and to chemicals that cause crosslinking between DNA strands. Genetically engineered mice with disabling mutations in ERCC1 have defects in DNA repair, accompanied by metabolic stress-induced changes in physiology that result in premature aging. Complete deletion of ERCC1 is incompatible with viability of mice, and no human individuals have been found with complete (homozygous) deletion of ERCC1. Rare individuals in the human population harbor inherited mutations that impair the function of ERCC1. When the normal genes are absent, these mutations can lead to human syndromes, including Cockayne syndrome (CS) and COFS.

"ERCC1" and "ERCC4" are the gene names assigned in mammalian genomes, including the human genome ("Homo sapiens"). Similar genes with similar functions are found in all eukaryotic organisms.


Eriodictyol

Eriodictyol is a bitter-masking flavanone, a flavonoid extracted from yerba santa ("Eriodictyon californicum"), a plant native to North America. Eriodictyol is one of the four flavanones identified in this plant as having taste-modifying properties, the other three being homoeriodictyol, its sodium salt, and sterubin.

Eriodictyol was also found in the twigs of "Millettia duchesnei", in "Eupatorium arnottianum", and its glycosides (eriocitrin) in lemons and rose hips ("Rosa canina").


KUOA

KUOA (1290 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station licensed to Siloam Springs, Arkansas. It serves Northwest Arkansas, including Fayetteville and Bentonville. KUOA simulcasts the sports radio format heard on co-owned 99.5 KAKS and is owned by Hog Radio, Inc. The two stations are known as "ESPN Northwest Arkansas." They carry Arkansas-based sports shows in morning drive time and during the afternoon. A nationally syndicated sports show hosted by Dan Le Batard is heard in late mornings and ESPN Radio is carried nights and weekends.

KUOA has a daytime power of 5,000 watts. But to protect other stations on AM 1290, it greatly reduces power at night to 31 watts. It uses a non-directional antenna. The transmitter is off West University Street in Siloam Springs, near the Arkansas-Oklahoma border. Programming is also heard on FM translator 95.3 K237GR in Johnson.


Das Wunder der Heliane

Das Wunder der Heliane (German for The Miracle of Heliane), Op. 20 is an opera in three acts by Erich Wolfgang Korngold with a libretto by Hans Müller-Einigen, after . It was first performed at the Hamburg State Opera on 7 October 1927. A suite for violin and piano based on the music from the aria "Ich ging zu ihm" is in print at Schott publishing.

After many successful premieres across Germany, Korngold composed this new opera beginning in 1924. Before its premiere in 1927 Korngold claimed that this would be his masterwork.


Santa Ana Civic Center

The Santa Ana Civic Center is a district of Santa Ana, California that is home to several city, county, state, and federal government buildings. The combination of historic and modernist architecture in the area reflects its longstanding history as Orange County's hub for political, judicial, and governmental proceedings.

The city of Santa Ana was established in 1869 by William Spurgeon on of land purchased from the old Spanish land grant, Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana. Upon the foundation of the County of Orange in 1889, Santa Ana was chosen as the county seat because of its larger growth as a town compared to surrounding towns, namely Orange. The initial Orange County Courthouse was built in 1901, anchoring the area as the future site of the Civic Center. The Civic Center as well as its surrounding early developments comprise Downtown Santa Ana.


Ola Teigen

Ola Teigen (11 February 1937 – 28 July 1970) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.

He was born in Ankenes.

He served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Nordland during the term 1965–1969. On the local level he was a member of Oslo city council during the term 1963–1967.

From 1964 to 1969 he was the leader of the Workers' Youth League, the youth wing of the Labour Party. He resigned amid a controversy regarding contact with the Central Intelligence Agency, which contributed to his suicide the next year after battling mental illness.


NADH dehydrogenase (quinone)

In enzymology, a NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

:NADH + H+ + a quinone formula_1 NAD+ + a quinol

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are NADH, H+, and a quinone (electron acceptor), whereas its two products are NAD+ and a quinol (reduced acceptor).

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on NADH or NADPH with other acceptors. The systematic name of this enzyme class is NADH:(quinone-acceptor) oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (quinone) dehydrogenase, NADH-quinone oxidoreductase, NADH ubiquinone oxidoreductase, DPNH-menadione reductase, D-diaphorase, and NADH2 dehydrogenase (quinone), and mitochondrial (mt) complex I. This enzyme participates in oxidative phosphorylation. Several compounds are known to inhibit this enzyme, including AMP, and 2,4-dinitrophenol. NADH dehydrogenase is involved in the first step of the electron transport chain of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Any change in the electron transport component caused by a mutation might effect the normal electron flow. This might be leading "an increase of bifurcation and generation of superoxidase radicals and increase oxidative stress in various types of cancer cells."

In the electron transport chain NADH is mainly used to create a concentration gradient of hydrogen in order to make ATP. Since After NADH is oxidized a hydrogen is pumped out and NAD+ will be a product.


Shōnen Jump+

is a Japanese online magazine for manga created by Shueisha, spun off from its "Jump" line of magazines. Launched on September 22, 2014, the magazine operates as a free mobile app and website. Despite its title, "Shōnen Jump+" also features series targeted towards female readers and adults in addition to its namesake "shōnen manga", which is targeted towards teen males. The magazine serializes original titles and titles from other Shueisha manga magazines, and also carries digital editions of "Weekly Shōnen Jump". Notable titles serialized in "Shōnen Jump+" include "Fire Punch", "World's End Harem", "Astra Lost in Space", "Hell's Paradise: Jigokuraku", "Spy × Family" and "Kaiju No. 8".

Outside of Japan, Shueisha releases the original manga from the platform on "Manga Plus".


Thrixopelma ockerti

Thrixopelma ockerti, commonly known as the Peruvian flame rump, is a species of tarantula and the type species of the genus "Thrixopelma". It is endemic to Peru.


Big Shoes

Big Shoes (Italian: Scarpe grosse) is a 1940 Italian comedy film directed by Dino Falconi and starring Amedeo Nazzari, Lilia Silvi and Elena Altieri. It is based on a play by Sándor Hunyady  which had previously been turned into a 1939 Hungarian film "Istvan Bors".

It was shot at the Palatino Studios in Rome. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Piero Filippone and Camillo Del Signore.


Karbala stampede

The Karbala stampede occurred on 10 September 2019, 31 people were killed and approximately 100 more were injured in a human stampede during Ashura processions in Karbala, Iraq. There are conflicting accounts of what caused the stampede, one claimed that a walkway collapsed, leading the crowd to panic. Another account stated that one person tripped and fell among the runners and others fell over him.


Katekhi Church

The Katekhi Church (; ) is a Georgian Orthodox Church located in the village of Katex of Balakan District, northwestern Azerbaijan, on the border with Georgia.


Sony Xperia L3

The Sony Xperia L3 is an Android smartphone marketed and manufactured by Sony. Part of Sony's low-end Xperia series, it was unveiled at the annual Mobile World Congress event on February 25, 2019 alongside the Xperia 10, Xperia 10 Plus and Xperia 1.


Baranagar Municipality

Baranagar Municipality is the civic body that governs Baranagar and its surrounding areas (Deshapriya Nagar, Bonhooghly, Sadhan Pally, Noapara, Palpara, Dunlop and Alambazar) in Barrackpore subdivision of North 24 Parganas district in West Bengal, India.


Baltic Open

The Baltic Open is a women's professional tennis tournament held at National Tennis Center Lielupe in Jūrmala, Latvia. It replaced the Moscow River Cup with the tournament joining the WTA Tour with it being classified as an International tournament. It takes place on outdoor clay courts.

The tournament's prize money is $250,000 and the main draw consists of 32 players in singles and 16 teams in doubles while the qualifying draw in singles consists of 16 players.


Monkey Kingdom

Monkey Kingdom is a 2015 American nature documentary film directed and produced by Mark Linfield and Alastair Fothergill and narrated by Tina Fey. The documentary is about a family of monkeys living in ancient ruins founded in the jungles of Polonnaruwa in Sri Lanka. The film was released by Disneynature on April 17, 2015, the eighth nature documentary released under that label.


Michelsbach

The Michelsbach is a tributary of the Rhine in the German region of South Palatinate.

The Michelsbach's nominal start is the confluence of the Erlenbach and Otterbach in Leimersheim, but the Otterbach is officially not counted within its catchment area, but seen as a tributary of the Rhine. On the other hand, the Klingbach which joins it from the north and is roughly equally in volume (and also the Erlenbach) is counted as a tributary of the Michelsbach.

The Michelsbach flows from Leimersheim northwards and empties into the Sondernheim Old Rhine ("Sondernheimer Altrhein"). In doing so it passes through the municipalities of Leimersheim and Hördt as well as the Hördter Rheinaue nature reserve.

The Michelsbach is an outstanding river for canoeing, both for ordinary canoes as well as Canadian canoes. However, the stream has several forks as it makes its way northwards, some of which are dead ends.


2014–15 Serie A

The 2014–15 Serie A (known as the Serie A TIM for sponsorship reasons) was the 113th season of top-tier Italian football, the 83rd in a round-robin tournament, and the fifth since its organization under a league committee separate from Serie B. It began on 30 August 2014.

A total of 20 teams compete in the league: 17 sides from the 2013–14 season and three promoted from the 2013–14 Serie B campaign. Juventus were the defending champions, successfully defending their title for the fourth consecutive time. On 2 May 2015, Juventus won the scudetto for the fourth consecutive time.


The 2014 Trofeo Alfredo Binda-Comune di Cittiglio was the 16th running of the women's Trofeo Alfredo Binda-Comune di Cittiglio, a women's bicycle race in Italy. It was the second race of the 2014 UCI Women's Road World Cup season and was held on 30 March 2014 over a distance of , starting and finishing in Cittiglio.


Eileen Colgan

Eileen Colgan Simpson (20 January 1934 – 10 March 2014) was an Irish theatre, television and film actress. She was best known for her recurring role as Esther Roche on the RTÉ One soap opera, "Fair City". She also appeared in the RTÉ television drama, "Glenroe", as Mynah, the housekeeper of the priest. Her other television credits included "Ballykissangel", "The Hanging Gale" and "Strumpet City".

She began her acting career in Irish theatre in Dublin. Colgan then moved to London, where she appeared in television and radio roles. She also appeared on stage in Tokyo.

Colgan was a longtime member of the Abbey Theatre Players in Dublin from 1971 until 1988. In 1973, she won a Jacob's Award for Best Television Performance by an Actress for her role in "Hatchet".

Her filmography included roles in "Quackser Fortune Has a Cousin in the Bronx" in 1970, "My Left Foot" in 1989, "Far and Away" in 1992, "The Secret of Roan Inish" in 1994, "Angela's Ashes" in 1999, and "Tara Road" in 2005.

Eileen Colgan died on 10 March 2014, at the age of 80. She was survived by four children and eight grandchildren. Colgan was the widow of theatre director Alan Simpson, whom she had married after his divorce from Carolyn Swift. Simpson died in 1980.


2014 Copa Colombia

The 2014 Copa Colombia, officially the 2014 Copa Postobón for sponsorship reasons, was the 12th edition of the Copa Colombia, the national cup competition for clubs of DIMAYOR. It began on June 29 and ended on November 12. The tournament comprised a total of 36 teams. The winner, Deportes Tolima, who defeated Santa Fe 3–2 on aggregate score in the final, earned a berth to the 2015 Copa Sudamericana.


Santa Croce alla Lungara

Santa Croce alla Lungara is a church in Rome (Italy), in the Rione Trastevere, facing on Via della Lungara.
It is also called "Santa Croce delle Scalette"', due to the presence of a double flight of stairs (Italian: "scale") giving access from the street; or "Buon Pastore", since in the 19th century the church and the annexed cloister were entrusted to the Sisters of the Good Shepherd of Angers.

The church was built in 1619 thanks to the subsidies of the Duke of Bavaria and of Cardinal Antonio Barberini, the brother of Pope Urban VIII; the cloister dates back to 1615 and was founded by the carmelite Domenico di Gesù e Maria "in order to take the indecent women away from sin" (Armellini).

The interior of the church shows a single nave and has been altered in the 19th century with a quite neoclassical style. The high altar housed a painting portraying "Jesus bearing the cross", now replaced with a "Crucifix" by Francesco Troppa; the same author also painted the "Annunciation" on the right altar. Another noteworthy work is "Mary Magdalene" by Ciccio da Napoli.

The annexed cloister, enlarged in the 19th century by Virginio Vespignani, always maintained its function as a redemption or rehabilitation house; in 1950, when the nuns left the institute, the building became a detachment of the women's prison for misdemeanors. This use ended in 1979 and now the cloister houses the "Casa Internazionale delle Donne".


The 2014 Football League Championship play-off Final was an association football match which was played on 24 May 2014 at Wembley Stadium, London, between Derby County and Queens Park Rangers. The match was to determine the third and final team to gain promotion from the EFL Championship, the second tier of English football, to the Premier League. The top two teams of the 2013–14 Football League Championship season gained automatic promotion to the Premier League, while the teams placed from third to sixth place in the table partook in play-off semi-finals; Derby County ended the season in third place while Queens Park Rangers finished fourth. The winners of these semi-finals competed for the final place for the 2014–15 season in the Premier League. Winning the game was estimated to be worth up to £120million to the successful team.

The 2014 final, refereed by Lee Mason, was watched by a crowd of more than 87,000 people in rainy conditions. Queens Park Rangers won 1–0, with the only goal of the game coming from Bobby Zamora in the last minute of the game. It was QPR's first appearance in a second tier play-off final, although they had lost in the League One playoffs to Cardiff City in the 2003 final.

Queens Park Rangers were relegated back to the Championship the following season, as they finished bottom of the Premier League. Derby finished the following season in eighth place in the Championship, missing out on play-offs by a single point.


Karekin Khajag

Karekin Khajag (; 6 October 1867–1915) was an Armenian journalist, writer, political activist and educator. A member of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation, Khajag traveled around the world to help support revolutionary activity. During his life, Khajag was imprisoned four times. He became a professor and a principal in several Armenian schools throughout the region. In 1915, Karekin Khajag was arrested and subsequently killed during the Armenian genocide.


Zoltan Elek

Zoltan Elek is a makeup artist who won the 1985 Academy Award for Best Makeup for the film "Mask", shared with colleague Michael Westmore.
He also was the creator for the makeup of Max Headroom.


Wesley Killing

Wesley Killing (born January 11, 1993) is a Canadian pair skater. With partner Tara Hancherow, he placed seventh at the 2014 World Junior Championships.


Stitch Encounter

Stitch Encounter is an interactive show located in Walt Disney Studios Park (under the name Stitch Live!), and in Tomorrowland at Tokyo Disneyland and Shanghai Disneyland Park. The first edition of the show at Hong Kong Disneyland was closed on May 2, 2016, to make room for Star Wars: Command Post, although it temporarily returned to Hong Kong in 2019 for a limited-time "Magic Access Members"-exclusive event.

Disney attractions similar to Stitch Encounter include Turtle Talk with Crush, located in Epcot at the Walt Disney World Resort, Disney California Adventure Park at the Disneyland Resort and in Tokyo DisneySea, as well as Monsters, Inc. Laugh Floor at the Magic Kingdom in Walt Disney World. Neither of the American Disney resorts have ever seen the release of this attraction, with Stitch's Great Escape! in Magic Kingdom having been the sole major "Lilo & Stitch"-themed attraction in the United States.

The attraction is a prime example of both-real time animation and digital puppetry. Stitch Encounter consists of an unscripted, real-time conversation between park guests and the animated character Stitch from Disney's "Lilo & Stitch" franchise. The attraction, which opened in July 2006, was part of a three attraction expansion to Tomorrowland, Hong Kong. It is located adjacent to the entrance of Space Mountain. The attraction offers shows in different languages depending on the version—Cantonese, English and Mandarin in the original Hong Kongese version (Cantonese only for the 2019 event), French and English in the Parisian version, Japanese in the Tokyo version, and Mandarin in the Chinese version—to accommodate the variety of languages guests in the different parks speak. Show times are available at the entrance of the attraction and each show has a length of approximately 15 minutes.