In the United States, an ADS system (BDS) was developed for the U.S. Postal Service following the 2001 anthrax attacks. The first detection systems in U.S. postal services were installed in 2006. To counter such problems in the future, the United States federal government set up a program called BioWatch, which operates in more than 21 cities in the US.
In Canada, an autonomous pathogen detection system was developed by a biotechnology company called Kraken Sense for the Greater Toronto Airports Authority (GTAA) during the COVID-19 pandemic.