*Hyrcania, ancient state in the north of Iran
*Sari, Mazandaran Province of Iran
*Anzali, Gilan Province of Iran
*Astara, Gilan Province of Iran
*Astarabad, Golestan Province of Iran
*Tamisheh, Golestan Province of Iran
*Atil, Khazaria
*Khazaran
*Baku, Azerbaijan
*Derbent, Dagestan, Russia
*Xacitarxan, modern-day Astrakhan