Carbon nanotubes have also been used to create surfaces similar to rice leaves. Similar to the lotus leaf, a hierarchical structure provides the hydrophobicity of rice leaf. Unlike the lotus leaf, rice leaves have an anisotropic structure. When CNT’s are made to mimic rice leaf papillae patterns, the contact angle to differ along the CNT direction or perpendicular. Sun et al. observed anisotropic dewetting of this CNT film. They then hypothesized and tested a three-dimensional anisotropic CNT array, which in fact exhibited anisotropic dewetting depending on the CNT spacing.