A common application is mixing nozzles for two-component adhesives (e.g., epoxy) and sealants (see Resin casting). Other applications include wastewater treatment and chemical processing. Static mixers can be used in the refinery and oil and gas markets as well, for example in bitumen processing  or for desalting crude oil. In polymer production, static mixers can be used to facilitate polymerization reactions or for the admixing of liquid additives.