Problems with mRNA stability have been identified in viral genomes, cancer cells, and various diseases. Research shows that many of these problems arise because of faulty ARE function. Some of these problems have been listed below:
* The c-fos gene produces a transcription factor that is activated in several cancers, and it lacks the ARE elements.
* c-myc gene, also responsible for producing transcription factors found in several cancers, has also been reported to lack the ARE elements.
* The Cox-2 gene catalyses the production of prostaglandins—it overexpresses in several cancers, and is stabilized by the binding of CUGBP2 RNA-binding protein to ARE