Williams commenced lecturing at McGill University in 1960, and was selected to be the Chairman of the Department of Mining and Metallurgy in 1966. As Chairman, he was instrumental in expanding the department at a time when only six degree programs in Metallurgical Engineering were being offered in Canadian universities, among which McGill's department was the oldest. During his tenure, seven new faculty members were added to the department, with the new faculty primarily focusing its research on extractive (hydro and pyro), process and physical metallurgy. Ties between the department and Canadian industries were also strengthened during this time. Throughout his career, Williams conducted research on a variety of topics ranging from esoteric studies of grain shape to the practical aspects of abrasion resistant cast irons for mineral comminution. Williams held the position of Chairman until 1980, and retired from teaching in 1992. From 1972 to 1973, he was President of the Metallurgical Society of CIM.
As a specialist in failure analysis, Williams was consulted to investigate numerous engineering failures including such notable events as the 1965 LaSalle Heights disaster, the Mississauga train derailment of 1979, and the crash of Quebecair Flight 255. From 1990 to 2000, he was a consultant metallurgist for Via Rail. Williams also served as an expert witness in about 40 court cases in Canada and the United States, and was twice appointed Judge's Expert by justices James K. Hugessen and Antonio Lamar respectively.