Many peripheral membrane proteins bind to the membrane primarily through interactions with integral membrane proteins.  But there is a diverse group of proteins which interact directly with the surface of the lipid bilayer. Some, such as myelin basic protein, and spectrin have mainly structural roles.  A number of water-soluble proteins can bind to the bilayer surface transiently or under specific conditions.
Misfolding processes, typically exposing hydrophobic regions of proteins, often are associated with binding to lipid membranes and subsequent aggregation, for example, during neurodegenerative disorders, neuronal stress and apoptosis.