KAP1 can regulate genomic transcription through a variety of mechanisms, many of which remain somewhat unclear.  Studies have shown that KAP1 can repress transcription by binding directly to the genome (which can be sufficient in and of itself) or through the induction of heterochromatin formation via the Mi2α-SETB1-HP1 macromolecular complex.  KAP1 can also interact with histone methyltransferases and deacetylases via the C-terminal PHD and Bromodomain to control transcription epigenetically.