The large array of tests can be categorised into sub-specialities of:
*General or routine chemistry – commonly ordered blood chemistries (e.g., liver and kidney function tests).
*Special chemistry – elaborate techniques such as electrophoresis, and manual testing methods.
*Clinical endocrinology – the study of hormones, and diagnosis of endocrine disorders.
*Toxicology – the study of drugs of abuse and other chemicals.
*Therapeutic Drug Monitoring – measurement of therapeutic medication levels to optimize dosage.
*Urinalysis – chemical analysis of urine for a wide array of diseases, along with other fluids such as CSF and effusions
*Fecal analysis – mostly for detection of gastrointestinal disorders.