毛泽东早在1949年3月中共七届二中全会的报告中就明确地说：“占国民经济总产值90%的分散的个体的农业经济和手工业经济，是可能和必须谨慎地、逐步地而又积极地引导它们向着现代化和集体化的方向发展的，任其自流的观点是错误的。”
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