Single space lines exceeding one line in list of figures in LaTeX In my dissertation, text needs to be double spaced but lines in table of contents and list of figures that exceed one line are needed to be single space. In the following code, I am able to do this in table of contents but it is not working for list of figures:
\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{setspace}
\doublespacing
\usepackage{tocloft}
\renewcommand\cftsecafterpnum{\vskip\baselineskip}
\renewcommand\cftsubsecafterpnum{\vskip\baselineskip}
\renewcommand\cftsubsubsecafterpnum{\vskip\baselineskip}
\titleformat{\section}[block]{\Large\bfseries\filcenter}{}{}{}
\renewcommand{\contentsname}{\hfill\bfseries\Large TABLE OF CONTENTS\hfill}
\renewcommand{\cfttoctitlefont}{\hspace*{\fill}\Huge\bfseries}
\renewcommand{\cftaftertoctitle}{\hspace*{\fill}}
\renewcommand{\cftlottitlefont}{\hspace*{\fill}\Huge\bfseries}
\renewcommand{\cftafterlottitle}{\hspace*{\fill}}
\renewcommand{\cftloftitlefont}{\hspace*{\fill}\Huge\bfseries}
\renewcommand{\cftafterloftitle}{\hspace*{\fill}}
\renewcommand{\cftfigpresnum}{Figure \ }
\renewcommand{\cfttabpresnum}{Table \ }
\newlength{\mylenf}
\settowidth{\mylenf}{\cftfigpresnum}
\setlength{\cftfignumwidth}{\dimexpr\mylenf+1.5em}
\setlength{\cfttabnumwidth}{\dimexpr\mylenf+1.5em}

\begin{document}

\begin{singlespace}
  \tableofcontents
\end{singlespace}
\newpage

\begin{singlespace}
    \listoftables
\end{singlespace}
\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{List of Tables}
\newpage

\begin{singlespace}
    \listoffigures
\end{singlespace}
\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{List of Figures}
\newpage

\end{document}

Based on this code, the entire list of tables and list of figures become single spaced. Could you please tell me how can I solve this issue?

The statements in the question are unclear. It works indeed for the ToC but not for the LoF and LoT, since the relevant \cftfigureafterpnum macros are not redefined similarly to their sec, subsec and subsubsec variants.
However, it does not really look nice altogether, especially with the fact that there is additionally spacing before each sec etc. entry that could be controlled with \cftbeforesecskip (and the related variants for subsec and subsubsec as well, i.e. \cftbeforesubsecskip and \cftbeforesubsubsecskip).
I've changed the explicit \begin{singlespacing}...\end{singlespacing} to be written to the relevant .toc etc. files as well added tocbibind package in order to include the list of... in the ToC.
Finally, I changed the weird \renewcommand{\contentsname} to something more convenient with \cfttoctitlefont etc.
\documentclass[12pt]{article}

\usepackage{blindtext}
\usepackage{pgffor}
\usepackage{setspace}
\doublespacing
\usepackage{tocloft}
\usepackage{tocbibind}

\renewcommand\cftsecafterpnum{\vskip\baselineskip}
\renewcommand\cftsubsecafterpnum{\vskip\baselineskip}
\renewcommand\cftsubsubsecafterpnum{\vskip\baselineskip}

% My invention (C.H)
\renewcommand\cftfigafterpnum{\vskip\baselineskip}
\renewcommand\cfttabafterpnum{\vskip\baselineskip}

%\titleformat{\section}[block]{\Large\bfseries\filcenter}{}{}{}% No titlesec

%\renewcommand{\contentsname}{\hfill\bfseries\Large TABLE OF CONTENTS\hfill}% Bad idea

\renewcommand{\contentsname}{TABLE OF CONTENTS}
\renewcommand{\cfttoctitlefont}{\hfill\bfseries\Large}
\renewcommand{\cftaftertoctitle}{\hfill}

\renewcommand{\cfttoctitlefont}{\hspace*{\fill}\Huge\bfseries}
\renewcommand{\cftaftertoctitle}{\hspace*{\fill}}
\renewcommand{\cftlottitlefont}{\hspace*{\fill}\Huge\bfseries}
\renewcommand{\cftafterlottitle}{\hspace*{\fill}}
\renewcommand{\cftloftitlefont}{\hspace*{\fill}\Huge\bfseries}
\renewcommand{\cftafterloftitle}{\hspace*{\fill}}
\renewcommand{\cftfigpresnum}{Figure \ }
\renewcommand{\cfttabpresnum}{Table \ }

% Only if needed
%\setlength{\cftbeforesubsecskip}{0pt}
%\setlength{\cftbeforesecskip}{0pt}

\newlength{\mylenf}
\settowidth{\mylenf}{\cftfigpresnum}
\setlength{\cftfignumwidth}{\dimexpr\mylenf+1.5em}
\setlength{\cfttabnumwidth}{\dimexpr\mylenf+1.5em}

\AtBeginDocument{
  \addtocontents{toc}{\protect\begin{singlespacing}}
  \addtocontents{lof}{\protect\begin{singlespacing}}
  \addtocontents{lot}{\protect\begin{singlespacing}}
}

\AtEndDocument{%
  \addtocontents{toc}{\protect\end{singlespacing}}
  \addtocontents{lof}{\protect\end{singlespacing}}
  \addtocontents{lot}{\protect\end{singlespacing}}
}

\begin{document}

\tableofcontents

\clearpage
\listoftables

\clearpage
\listoffigures
\clearpage

\foreach \x in {1,2,3,4,5}
{
  \section{My foo section \x}
  \subsection{My foo subsection \x}
  \begin{figure}
    \caption{ A caption \x}
  \end{figure}

  \blindtext[10]

  \begin{table}
    \caption{ A caption \x}
  \end{table}

  \begin{figure}
    \caption{ Another caption \x}
  \end{figure}

  \blindtext[3]

  \begin{table}
    \caption{ Another caption \x}
  \end{table}

}

\end{document}

I've omitted a screen shot for the list of tables, however -- it does not show something really different from the LoF.


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上海亿升能源发展有限公司 上海亿升能源发展有限公司于2011年10月08日在徐汇区市场监督管理局登记成立。法定代表人李文凤，公司经营范围包括新能源科技领域内的技术开发、技术咨询、技术服务等。


  ‘오늘 할 일을 내일로 미루지 말자’는 초등학교 시절부터 귀에 못이 박이도록 듣던 잔소리다. 부모님에게 듣기도 하고, 언젠가부터는 스스로에게 하기도 한다. 말처럼 쉬운 일이 아니어서, 내일로 미루지 않고 할 일을 다 했을 때는 뿌듯함마저 느낀다. “미래의 나에게 짐을 넘기지 않아서 다행”이라고 ‘셀프 칭찬’도 한다.
  홍진수 정책사회부장 지난달 27일 제5차 국민연금 재정추계 시산(시험계산) 결과가 공개된 이후 한국 사회에서 국민연금 개혁에 관한 관심이 부쩍 커졌다. ‘오늘 할 일을 오늘 할’ 기회가 5년 만에 다시 왔다. “2041년에는 ‘적자로 전환’하고 2055년에는 기금이 소진될 것”이란 구체적인, 또 충격적인 결과를 접하고 나니 ‘발등에 불’이 떨어진 격이다. 2041년까지 앞으로 18년, 2055년까지는 32년 남았다.
 민간자문위원회의 논의에도 속도가 붙었다. 현재 9%인 보험료율을 15%로 인상하고, 40%대인 소득대체율도 조정한다는 구체적인 ‘모수개혁’안이 흘러나왔다. 보험료율 인상에는 합의가 이뤄졌고, 소득대체율에만 이견이 있다는 소식도 있었다. 어쨌든 올해 안에는 그 어렵다는 국민연금 개혁의 틀이 잡힐 것 같았다.
  지난 8일 국회 연금특위가 달아오르던 연금개혁 논의에 브레이크를 걸었다. 여야 간사들이 ‘얼마만큼 더 내고 얼마를 받을 것이냐’에 집중됐던 논의를 멈춰세우고 기초연금, 공무원연금 등 공적연금 전반의 구조개혁안부터 짜겠다고 ‘선언’했다.
  국회 밖 전문가들도 구조개혁이라는 큰 틀을 바꿔야 한다는 데는 동의한다. 그러나 이번 방향 전환을 두고는 의심의 눈길을 보내는 사람들이 적지 않다. 여야 모두 그동안 당 차원의 연금개혁 방안을 마련하지 않은 채 민간자문위원회만 바라보다 갑자기 구조개혁을 들고 나왔기 때문이다. 내년 총선을 앞두고 인기 없는 정책을 뒤로 미루려는 것 아니냐는 ‘합리적인 의심’도 떠오른다.
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  5년 전에도 국민연금 개혁은 초안까지 만들어졌다가 수면 밑으로 가라앉았다. 2018년 11월7일 당시 문재인 대통령은 박능후 보건복지부 장관으로부터 국민연금 개혁안을 보고받은 뒤 “국민이 생각하는 눈높이와 맞지 않는다”며 이를 반려했다. 당시 복지부는 대통령에게 보고한 뒤 공청회에서 개혁안을 공개하고 이를 국회에 제출하는 일정까지 짜놓았었다. 그러나 대통령이 ‘전면 재검토’를 지시하면서 모든 계획이 출발선으로 돌아갔다. 2018년 11월은 대통령 지지율이 가장 높은 취임 첫해였다. 이때도 하지 못한 국민연금 개혁은 문재인 정부 내내 다시 사회적 의제가 되지 못했다. 그리고 5년이 흘렀다.
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  지난달 27일 국민연금 재정추계전문위원회 전병목 위원장은 제5차 국민연금 재정추계 시산 결과를 발표하면서 이렇게 말했다. “기금 소진 시점의 차이는 5년 전에 개혁을 연기한 비용이 얼마나 큰 것인가를 보여주는 지표”라고 말했다. 지난 5년만 탓할 일일까. 이제 정부도, 국회도 초등학생 시절의 그 잔소리를 다시 떠올릴 때다. 오늘 할 일을 내일로 미루지 말자.


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【江丰电子：拟收购Silverac Stella 100%股权】江丰电子公告，公司拟以发行股份及支付现金的方式购买共创联盈持有的Silverac Stella 100%股权，同时拟采取询价的方式向不超过5名符合条件的特定投资者非公开发行股份募集配套资金。本次交易完成后，Silverac Stella成为公司的全资子公司，公司通过Silverac Stella间接持有最终目标公司Soleras Holdco 100%股权，并最终持有Soleras BVBA、Soleras US、梭莱江阴三家实体公司100%的股权。本次交易的实质即为通过收购Silverac Stella实现对上述三家实体公司的控制。公司与最终目标公司均为专业的溅射靶材供应商，通过本次交易，公司在原有的产品基础上丰富了靶材产品类型，优化了产品结构，完善了业务布局。公司股票将于2019年8月19日开市起复牌。


水培蔬菜有哪些？我来告诉你！
当看到“水培蔬菜”这个词时，第一感觉大家都会问，这个菜是怎么种出来的呢？哪些蔬菜可以水培呢？网上介绍的五花八门的什么都有，我来给你最真切的答案！
其实，水培蔬菜很早就出现在我们的面前，很多酒店的蔬菜沙拉都是采用的水培蔬菜，干净、营养又卫生。它是怎么种出来的呢？水培也叫“水耕”，是无土栽培的主要类型之一。水培是通过特定设施营造相对封闭，能储存营养液的环境，并使根部生长所需的水、肥、气、热等条件保持相对稳定，部分根系伸展在营养液中的栽培方法。那么，哪些蔬菜更适合水培呢？
适合水培的叶菜类有生菜、木耳菜、韭菜、空心菜、叶甜菜、菠菜、茼蒿、香菜、苋菜等等，很多你能想到的蔬菜品种都是可以水培的哟！并且上述的蔬菜品种我们都种过，亲测有效！话不多说，上图！
1、甜菜
甜菜是营养价值超级高的食物之一。有着非常好的美容和瘦身的效果。甜菜中含有丰富的维生素b群、维生素c、维生素e等。另外，还含有一氧化氮，不仅可以抗氧化，还因为甜菜有促进血液循的效果，经常食用叶甜菜具有解热、健脾胃等功效。


杨晓晖小的时候曾经对自己的女同学赵爽产生过朦胧的爱情/毕业后他去上海打工，认识一个叫李汶的女人，在那个热带的岛屿，留下他们梦一样的情爱生活。潮涨潮落，无情的大海分开了他们……再也没有比爱情和婚姻更不幸的结合了/时间进入了网络时代、庄梦梦、梳子等个性不一的女孩，逐一闯入他的独身生活，当年的女生赵爽也在一个偶然的机会突然出现在他面前/结婚的不会幸福，不结婚的也不会幸福；孤身独处不幸福，身处群体与不幸福/若干年过后，杨晓晖仍然一个人独自站在一座陌生的城市的过街天桥上，无法找到她们中的任何一个人 。作者简介
全勇先，中国作家协会会员，1966年生于黑龙江省，祖籍韩国京几道长湍郡。1984年开始文学创作，现为黑龙江省合同制作家。著有中短篇小说集《恨事》。本书是作者的首部长篇。


吴胜华表示,今年,是黔南"产业大招商突破年",我州正举全州之力,整合资源要素,打响产业大招商和营商环境整治两场战役,持续巩固提升良好的营商环境,为企业发展创造更好的软件、硬件条件。[br]希望各位贵州籍企业家常回家乡、重温乡情、回味乡愁、反哺桑梓。[br]也诚挚邀请各位企业家朋友到黔南,观中国天眼、品都匀毛尖,商合作之计、谋互惠发展。[br]会上,州投资促进局作了投资环境推介,北京(贵州)商会、天津(贵州)商会、河北(贵州)商会及企业代表分别作了交流发言。[br]好莱坞(中国)投资集团有限公司、中农联控股有限公司、中瑞华特(北京)高新技术开发有限公司、北京世纪明德教育科技股份有限公司等4家公司与我州相关县(市)达成了签约意向,并举行集中签约仪式。[br]州直有关部门和相关县(市)主要负责同志及企业代表参加恳谈会。


吴波，汉族，1965年12月生，湖南浏阳人，文学博士（后），二级教授。现任湖南农业大学党委委员、副校长。“湖南省首届青年哲学社会科学百人工程学者”及“湖南省新世纪121工程”入选专家，“湖南省民间非物质研究基地”首席专家，湖南省省级学科带头人，中国儒林外史学会副会长。
主要从事中国古代文学、文化及民族学教学与研究，先后主持国家及省级以上科研项目6项，已独著（合著）《明清小说创作研究》、《新编中国古代文学史》、《中国古代小说、戏曲艺术心理研究》、《“儒林”探微》、《儒林外史研究史》、《明清小说创作研究》、《明清小说创作与接受研究》、《历史上的纪晓岚》、《满朝荐遗稿笺注》、《满朝荐评传》、《阅微草堂笔记评注》、《阅微草堂笔记“三会本”》等12部专著，发表专业研究论文50余篇，其中多篇为国内文摘报刊全文转载或摘评，在学术界有一定的影响。


7日，记者从省消防救援总队获悉，10月1日0时至7日17时，“十一”假期，全省消防安全形势平稳，火灾起数、死亡人数同比双下降，未发生较大以上火灾事故。
“十一”假期，省消防救援总队坚持每日一汇总、一研判、一调度，先后6次召开视频调度会，指导各地做好消防安全防范工作。省消安委先后向14个市州、26个行业系统、715家重大隐患单位，提前发送消防提示和安保建议函。对旅游、商贸、宾馆、饭店等重点区域，开展暗访抽查。假日期间，省消防救援总队联合各行业部门通过暗访检查，排除火灾隐患5070处。
今年“十一”假期，全省持续晴热高温天气，森林火险等级较高。省应急(消防)机动支队长沙、益阳、怀化、衡阳等各大队靠前驻防，各级消防救援队伍和航空救援大队提前布防，做好森林火灾扑救准备，全省没有发生较大以上森林火灾事故。


近日，白水县人社局劳动监察大队接到举报投诉，市民张某几人反映因疫情影响企业延期复工，导致工资无法正常结算，请求协调处理快，县人社局劳动监察大队接到投诉后迅速研判案情，充分宣传疫情期间劳动维权和复工复产相关政策规定，经积极协调，为4名农民工讨回2.4余万元工钱，从发现拖欠到处理完毕，仅用了1天的时间。
近年来，县人社局劳动监察大队坚持监察前，监察中，监察后调解相结合。通过监察立案前摸底，了解双方的态度之后，适时组织双方进行调解，对于难度较大的，在监察过程中和下达责令改正通知后再次进行调解。针对案件的不同情况，灵活应用调解方法，综合运用情、理、法交融法，面对面调解法，对于恶意拖欠和拒不支付劳动报酬的案件及时移交公安局和人民法院强制执行，有力的维护了辖区劳动关系的和谐稳定。努力做到主动应对、快速处理、接访即办，保障用人单位和劳动者合法权益，确保疫情期间劳动关系和谐稳定，助力经济社会持续健康发展。


我就算是比较挑剔的人,这次买到的喆羊短袖t恤男质量确实不错,活动价的确很划算,物有所值,很便宜也很好用.喆羊旗舰店服务态度特别好,物美价廉,我是看一个朋友买的还不错才来买的 衣服收到后孩子就穿上了,大小很合身,颜色也很好,质量也不错,性价比高,以后有需要还会再来! 质量很好,摸着也很舒服,穿上效果很好也没什么异味,很满意! 货收到质量很好 面料做工都非常的精细 手感柔滑 还不会起皱 店家的服务也十分满意 t恤面料不错,穿在身上很舒服,无色差,做工很精细,满意。 与喆羊旗舰店描述的完全一致,非常满意。喆羊旗舰店的服务太棒了,考虑非常周到,完全超出期望。喆羊旗舰店发货速度非常快,包装非常仔细、严实,物流公司服务态很好,运送速度很快! 衣服服穿上很合身,是纯棉的,摸起手感不错也不褪色。 衣服很漂亮,质量也好,穿着合身,也舒服,价格也可以,和描述相符。我非常喜欢,服务也十分周到,满意!!发货速度很快,五分好评! 面料很好,很亲肤,款式简约大方,穿着很时尚,帅气。满意。 喆羊短袖t恤男收到了,包装很好,是正品的纯棉的,穿起来很帅气,感觉模特都没我穿的好看,哈哈。店家态度很好,发货也快 衣服质量很好。款式很时尚,面料很好,穿着很舒服,很喜欢 衣服收到,非常漂亮,面料非常柔软舒服,料子很透气,这个夏天穿上会凉爽很多哦!很满意的一次网购!赞 衣服收到,质量很好,面料是纯棉的,穿着非常舒服,样式也很好看,非常喜欢 这种衣服很有型,建议健身的肌肉多的男生买大一点,比较修身。衣服很好看,质量也不错,只有一点水洗的时候藏青色会掉一些小沫子可能是毛碎的什么东西,不是掉色。总体还是挺好的 款式也好看,穿着也合身,布料很柔软,很满意 尺码合适颜色款式和图片一样全五分好评不错的商品 价格实惠又舒适大方 很好满意 质量很好,款式不错,大小正合适,很喜欢呢 喆羊旗舰店发货速度很快 喆羊旗舰店客服服务态度也很好 最关键的是衣服穿起来真的很好看也很舒适 我很喜欢 质量不错,也不褪色,很合身,是纯棉的。摸起手感不错,做工也很细致 衣服质量款式都很不错的!没有色差!穿上大小合适很舒适!喆羊旗舰店客服很热情周到!发货速度!很满意!


UVW
JOE PELLETIER'S NEW EBOOK: PUCKS ON THE 'NET - JUST $3.99!PucksOnTheNet.com"At just $3.99 I felt like stole this hockey book. Great stories."Foreword by Kirstie McLellan DayPucksOnTheNet.com
I'm Joe Pelletier, freelance hockey journalist and the Hockey History Blogger! Why I created this websiteBlog content © Joe Pelletier
Whenever someone describes Mark Messier, the term leadership always comes to the forefront.And well it should. He was the emotional and physical leader of the dynastic Edmonton Oilers, even when good buddy Wayne Gretzky was the official captain. One Gretzky went Hollywood, Messier led the Oilers back to the championship just two seasons later. And then his legendary status as one of pro sports greatest leaders of all time was cemented in 1994, when he guided the New York Rangers to the Stanley Cup - Manhattan's first in 54 years!The Canada CupsSo it should come as no surprise that when you think of Mark Messier's play in the Canada Cups, his leadership stands out first and foremost. The three time Canada Cup champion was instrumental in both the 1984 and 1987 Canadian victories. He took a back seat to the likes of Gretzky, Mario Lemieux and Paul Coffey, but his fearless play and win at all costs attitude intimidated the Russians and all other nations.In 1984 the Soviets sent a more physical lineup, led by Vladimir Kovin. It was Messier who delivered the message right back at the Soviets, rearranging Kovin's face in a famous (or maybe it should be infamous) stick carving incident.In 1987 Messier was most often matched up against the famed Soviet Green Unit - the KLM Line with Krutov, Larionov and Makarov. Messier shutdown Larionov in particular. By doing so, he showed his teammates that he was willing to sacrifice goals and assists for the good of the team. Everyone on Team Canada noticed, and even superstars like Dale Hawerchuk and Michel Goulet gladly accepted lesser roles."Mark was very instrumental in bringing that group together," said Canadian head coach Mike Keenan."How Mark impacted his team was incredible," he added. In Game Two in 1987, we were tied after regulation. He came in and just jacked the room right up. It was really an incredible experience. And the team stayed jacked up, even more so for Game Three. Honest to God, you could feel the energy in the room, like I've never experienced in any situation before or after. The energy was so high, it was like they were walking on air after he spoke."Almost A No-Show For '911991 was a tough tournament for Mess personally. Due to injuries, he missed the entire training camp and was expected not to play at all. Then, on the last day of camp, he limped in and was named to the team. He played a quiet and largely ineffective role, but when the team needed him would be ready to come through.And the team did need him. Wayne Gretzky, clearly the tournament's best player, was crunched from behind by USA's Gary Suter, rendering him unable to play in what proved to be the decisive game. The loss of The Great One could have proved deadly for Team Canada, but Mark Messier, along with Paul Coffey, really took the bull by the horns and kept the team confident and focused. Messier himself scored the all important goal in the third period of Game One to calm the team down, then opened the scoring in Game Two. Despite his injuries, Messier was dominant when the time came.Mark Messier is one of the league's all time greatest players, and one of the tournament's all time greatest performers. If they were ever to name 20 Canadians of any era to an all Canadian dream team, Mark Messier would be there, and would likely be their leader.
Joe Pelletier
Canada Cup,
Mark Messier,
Newspaper III by Ourblogtemplates.com 2008


金虎辞岁，玉兔迎春。不知不觉又是一年春来到。 先说一个真实地故事，我妻子有一个堂弟在城郊，他有一双儿女，很幸运地是都考上了大学。更为难能可贵的是他夫妻二人长期在外打工，他的母亲在家一直带着二个孩子，而他的母亲又不识字。所以两个孩子考上大学纯是自然生成及孩子自己努力的结果。 在这二个孩子中，他的女儿更为优秀，她从小学成绩一直好。就这样考上了华中科技大同济医学院，后来呢又考取了本样的研究生。毕业后被上海一家三甲医院聘用，现在她把自己的父亲也搞到单位去做门卫，现在父亲一个月工资也有八千了。 一个人有他的运气，一个家庭有家运，一个公司有兴衰，一个国家又何尝不是如此？世间之事有的是人为，有的是受大气候决定。作为其中的一分子能做得了什么呢？也许这世上唯有信得过的是在逆境中形成自己的核心竞争力！ 台积电、辉瑞、英伟达、华为等等莫不如此，作为个人不也是这样？如果一个国家如果有这样一大批具有核心竞争力的企业、成千上万的优秀人才，哪么它就必然是一个世界上顶尖的强国。 道理其实一般人都懂，但要做到却不是这么简单，一个医学研究生从幼儿园到毕业要二十三年。如果读完博士可能就年近三十了。慢长地磨砺呀，世间又有几人能省略到这个过程？这还是尖子人才，换做我们一般人可能中、高考就成了过不去的天堑。


Top Guidelines Of Jaguar case study help

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我刚才想到一个有意思的比喻，如果把肖战和他的团队比作一个橘子树，树上结了很多果实，有的是酸的，有的是甜的，有的是苦的，吃过甜果子的人告诉站在树下的人，什么样的橘子好吃，什么样的还没熟，要再等一等，但是站在树下的人不听，非要摘自己看中的，结果要么吃到苦的，要么吃到酸的，然后反过来怪橘子树长的不好，不结好吃的橘子，怪告诉他该摘哪种橘子的人不帮他摘下来放到手里，甚至有的人怪别人不把橘子剥开来喂给他。 想想真是可笑，好吃的橘子你不吃，吃到不好吃的，面露难色被人看出来还死不承认，还要嘴硬的吃掉一整颗难吃的橘子，明显的自欺。 算了，我是选择吃甜橘子的人，而且吃了以后，还要常常回来浇水，除虫，我要保护这颗橘子树一直枝繁叶茂的生长下去。


Why is radian so common in maths? I have learned about the correspondence of radians and degrees so 360° degrees equals $2\pi$ radians. Now we mostly use radians (integrals and so on)
My question: Is it just mathematical convention that radians are much more used in higher maths than degrees or do radians have some intrinsic advantage over degrees?
For me personally it doesn't matter if I write $\cos(360°)$ or $\cos(2\pi)$. Both equals 1, so why bother with two conventions?

As I teach my trigonometry students: "Degrees are useless."
You want to know the length of a circular arc?  It's $r \theta$ where $r$ is the radius of the circle and $\theta$ is the angle it subtends in radians.  If you use degrees, you get ridiculous answers.
You want to know the area of a sector?  It's $\frac{1}{2} r^2 \theta$, with $r$ and $\theta$ as above.  Again, if you use degrees, you get ridiculous results.
To really understand this, move on to calculus and study arc length.  The arc length of the graph of the circle gives radian results.  Or, look at the power series expansion of the circular trigonometric functions: if you use radians, everything works with small coefficients; if you use degrees, extra powers of $\frac{\pi}{180}$ scatter around.
What are degrees any good for?  Dividing circles into even numbers of parts.  That's it.  If you want to actually calculate something, degrees are useless.

Radians naturally arise when you look at some circles (note that they are a dimensionless unit). On the contrary, full circle being $360^\circ$ is due to some dude dividing the circle to as many pieces as there are days in the year (for some historical reason this resulted in $360$).
Why people think in radians then? My personal guess is that the reason is simply that mathematicians prefer to work with things that are somehow intrinsic to the object in consideration.

radians are the natural unit of measure for angles.  it's no anthropocentric convention.  aliens on the planet Zog that do calculus and solve physics problems will also be understanding the naturalness of describing angles in radians.
as mentioned previous, the angle, expressed in radians, is the amount of circular arc swept by the angle divided by the radial arm with both lengths expressed in the same units.  so radians are dimensionless.  they're just a number.  no units.
if you have a wheel of radius $r$ on a slip-free surface, the distance the wheel moves on the surface $x$ is equal to the angle turned, $\theta$ (in radians) times the radius of the circle of the outer rim of the wheel, $r$.
$$ x = r \cdot \theta $$
if the wheel (of radius $r$) is spinning at a rate of $\omega = \frac{\text{d} \theta}{\text{d} t}$, the speed that the wheel moves relative to the surface is $$v =  \frac{\text{d} x}{\text{d} t} = r \cdot \omega \ .$$
if the angle was measured in any other manner, there would be constants of proportionality necessary for those equations to be true but those constants of proportionality are equal to 1 (and go away) if the angle is measured in radians.
radians are as natural to angles as $e \ \approx \ $ 2.718281828... is natural as a base for logarithms and exponentials in calculus.  Euler's equation
$$ e^{i \theta} = \cos(\theta) + i \sin(\theta) $$
would need more nasty constants of proportionality if the base was not $e$ or the angle $\theta$ was not in radians.
so it's the opposite of human convention that in calculus the measure of angles are expressed in terms of radians.

Degrees are a mistake of history (not speaking of minutes and seconds). Division in four quadrants of ninety degrees is quite arbitrary and inconvenient, but for one thing: it allows an easy representation of the remarkable angles, $30°$ and $45°$. In this respect, it is a little better than the $4\times100$ subdivisions in grades.
As explained by many others, radians are a natural unit as they avoid a constant factor when taking derivatives and make the formulas for the arc length or sector area the simplest.
IMO, the opportunity to use an interesting alternative is gone forever: the revolution. Counting angles in revolutions is pretty convenient as you can handle them modulo $1$, i.e. just using the decomposition in integer and fractional part.

it's because calculus would be really annoying using degrees.
$$
(\sin x)' = \cos x.
$$
in radians but not in degrees.
Also, the related fact
$$
\cos x = \frac{e^{ix}+e^{-ix}}{2}
$$
holds in radians.

Everybody's talking about radians vs degrees. What about radians vs turns, a turn being $2\pi$ radians? I'm asking because it seems logical to think of a measure of angle as the fraction of a full circle, also I end up putting so many $2\pi$'s everywhere (mostly in sound processing) that it makes me wonder why not go the other way and use turns. The worst it can do is require you to add $\tau^{-1}$ here and there. I wonder why it's not an option discussed more often, if the world was to divide itself in two camps you'd think it would be between pro-radians and pro-turns.
In computer programming using turns instead of radians also has the advantage that integers become perfect for storing angles, they give you fixed angular precision and wrap around perfectly when they overflow.

The simple reason is that radians incorporate pi as part of the ratio which tends to be more convenient for arbitrary calculations and more complex mathematical functions.
For strictly practical manufacturing type applications degrees are often preferred because they are easier to visualise and subdivide.
In engineering radians tend to be used for kinematic calculations where you are dealing with lots of trig functions as it effectively skips a step in approximating for pi and angular velocities are generally quoted in radians per second. For example if you know the angular speed of a disk in radians per second finding the tangential speed at the circumference is a simple multiplication by the radius without any messing about with irrational constants.
However angular dimensions are generally quoted in degrees as this gives more convenient units and you are mostly working with integers or a small number of decimal places.

I don't know if this answer is good or not.
Reason 1
Lets say you want to measure the distance of a very distant star from earth like in the below image.

Consider that small circle earth and the big one, some distant star.
Say you observe the star from two different points on earth.
Now you can find the angle $\alpha$ and $\beta$ approximately and you can also find the distance between those two places, say $l$.
now you know $\alpha$ and $\beta$ and you can find $\theta$.
Thus, the distance of that star from earth would be $\frac{l}{\theta}$, considering $\theta$ is in radians.
not the most important use of radians but nevertheless a use of it.
Reason 2

Lets say i defined the area of that red rectangle $1 z$. Then i can defined area of any polygon (i took polygons only we can take any closed curve) as $x z$ where $x$ is some real number.
now what would you prefer, having area in some relation with the side or $x z$, where $z$ is just some randomly chosen area ?
This is the difference between radians and degrees.

Radians tell you the arc length. If you have 60° you then have a bit of work to figure out the arc length: Al = n°/360 * 2πr  but if you have π/3 radians, you know that the arc length is π/3 radii or π/3 * r

The reasons are mostly the same as the fact that we usually use base $e$ exponentiation and logarithm. Radians are simply the natural units for measuring angles.

*

*The length of a circle segment is $x\cdot r$, where $x$ is the measure and $r$ is the radius, instead of $x\cdot r\cdot \pi/180$.

*The power series for sine is simply $\sin(x)=\sum_{i=0}^\infty(-1)^i{x}^{2i+1}/(2i+1)!$, not $\sin(x)=\sum_{i=0}^\infty(-1)^i(x\cdot \pi/180)^{2i+1}/(2i+1)!$.

*The differential equation $\sin$ (and $\cos$) satisfies is $f+f''=0$, not $f+f''\pi^2/(180)^2=0$.

*$\sin'=\cos$, not $\cos\cdot 180/\pi$.

You could add more and more to the list, but I think the point is clear.

Radians are in some sense the “natural” units in which to measure angles. For a circle of radius $r$, an angle of $A$ radians will subtend an arc on that circle of length $rA$.
The use of degrees or grads is just a change of units for measuring angles, but if one uses units other than radians, one must always carry around conversion factors like $180/\pi$ all over the place. This pain goes beyond simple geometry since the relationship of arc-length to angle permeates so much of math, including the circular functions (sin, cosine) and other trig. functions, etc. The further one goes in math the more radians become natural. So much so that I now naturally answer “$\pi/2$” when I am asked the measure of a right angle — doesn’t everyone?

(Note: See edits below original post.)
Here is another reason why:

*

*Radians are unitless (a.k.a. dimensionless).

This means that "$2\pi$ radians" actually equals $2\pi \ $ (the number) without any need to signify a unit of measurement. With $360^\circ$, it is absolutely necessary that we include the "$^\circ$" symbol to signify that it is in the unit of "degrees".
This is important because in dimensional analysis, you can insert radian measurements everywhere without affecting the overall units.
E.g. consider the gravitational acceleration constant: $$g=9.8 \ \text{m}/\text{s}^2. $$
If we, for whatever odd reason, needed to multiply $g$ by $\pi$ radians, the units of measurement are not affected:
$$\pi \text{ radians} \times g = 9.8\pi \ \text{m}/\text{s}^2. $$
If you felt compelled to do so, you could include the declaration of radians as a unit of measurement used:
$$\pi \text{ radians} \times g = 9.8\pi \ \text{m $\cdot$ rad}/\text{s}^2, $$
but it isn't necessary.
Of course, one might argue that this isn't a reason why we use radians, but it is simply a result of using radians. That may be like a chicken and the egg question though. However, I bet some historical research could answer the question.
Edits: Details added to avoid possible confusion.
After some feedback, here is an addendum. I was using the term "unitless" to mean "identical to pure quantity". This is not technically incorrect, per se, but is not a rigorous concept.
1) An angle $\theta$ is a dimensionless physical extent as opposed to distance $d$ which has dimensions of length.
2) Units of measurement of angles are therefore all dimensionless. However, measurements of length will always have dimension.
3) Radians are a unitless measure of angle, however, degrees are not. I.e. measurements in radians are identical to pure quantity, but this is not true for measurements in degrees. (Details below.)
Due to the way our system of mathematics has been historically constructed, measurements in radians are identical to pure quantity and therefore, the declaration of radians as the unit of measurement is redundant. (Of course, it is helpful sometimes.) For this reason, radians are unitless as they are identical to pure quantity. I.e., in the same way that Euler's Constant $e$ requires no unit attached to it (unless it represents a specific dimensional quantity), $1 \ \texttt{rad}$ does not actually need the text "$\texttt{rad}$" attached to it as it is identical to the number $1$.
$$\theta \ \texttt{rad} = \theta = \frac{\text{length of arc on a circle subtended by angle $\theta$}}{\text{radius of the circle}}$$
which has dimensions
$$[\theta \ \texttt{rad}] = [\theta] = 1 = \frac{[\text{length}]}{[\text{length}]}$$
and units
$$[\theta \ \texttt{rad}] = [\theta] = 1 = C \frac{[\texttt{u}_{\text{arc}}]}{[\texttt{u}_{\text{radius}}]}$$ where $\texttt{u}_x$ are the units used to measure $x$ and the conversion factor is $C[\texttt{u}_{\text{arc}}]=[\texttt{u}_{\text{radius}}].$ For example, if we measure the arc in $\texttt{cm}$ and the radius in $\texttt{m}$, then we get that $1 \ \texttt{rad} = 100 \ \texttt{cm}/\texttt{m} = 1$.
However, if we were to use degrees, then
$$\theta^\circ = \theta \ \texttt{degrees} \cdot 1 = \theta \ \texttt{degrees}  \cdot \frac{\pi \ \texttt{radians}}{180 \ \texttt{degrees}} = \theta\frac{\pi}{180} \ \texttt{radians} = \theta\frac{\pi}{180}.$$
Hence, $\texttt{degrees}$ are not unitless, as converting them to pure quantity requires a conversion factor.
We could have constructed our system of mathematics such that $\texttt{degrees}$ were unitless instead though. However, that would lead to more complicated formulae as noted by others in comments and answers.

As others noted, radians are a natural choice in mathematics.  However, the same reason Babylonians chose 360 as the number of degrees in a circle (nice subdivisions of the whole circle) makes 360 a better choice for a full circle in numeric applications intended for graphics than $2\pi$: every different floating point format has a different numerical approximation of $2\pi$, and it is a major nuisance if $\pi/2$ may not be representable "exactly" when changing precision and/or be not exactly a third of $3\pi/2$ and/or be inequal to $2\pi-\pi/2$ even while keeping full precision.
PostScript, PDF, and METAFONT/METAPOST use trigonometric functions based on 360°/circle.  Similarly the Cairo graphical library.

The answer is simple, it's a distance measure. When you move in a straight line you use inches or metres, in circles it is radians.
If you are at Disneyland and ask how far it was to Anaheim Stadium [go, Angels!] and I tell you that from my house it's about 45º, you are probably not going to be happy.
You want the distance traveled, at 1 mile out from my house, from one point to another. This distance is pi/4 * 1 mi = about 0.8 miles. Enjoy the game.

It is natural to define
$$
\sin x=\sum_{n=0}^\infty\frac{(-1)^nx^{2n+1}}{(2n+1)!}\tag1
$$
rather than
$$
\sin x=\sum_{n=0}^\infty\frac{(-1)^n}{(2n+1)!}\left (\frac {2\pi x}{360}\right)^{2n+1}\tag2.
$$
The function defined by (1) has many nice properties, for example it is the solution of the ODE:
$$f''(x)=-f (x), \quad f (0)=0,f'(0)=1.
$$
The same reason is the background of a special role of the Euler number $e $.

I don't know what the real reason is. I see one possible good reason to use radians. Some people define $\cos$ and $\sin$ of any number of degrees in terms of a circle. Other people  define $\cos$ and $\sin$ purely as a function from $\mathbb{R}$ to $\mathbb{R}$ where the operand of $\cos$ or $\sin$ is just a real number with no units according to the differential equations

*

*$\cos(0) = 1$

*$\sin(0) = 0$

*$\forall x \in \mathbb{R}\cos'(x) = -\sin(x)$

*$\forall x \in \mathbb{R}\sin'(x) = \cos(x)$
A radian is defined to be $\frac{180}{\pi}°$. It can be shown that $\forall x \in \mathbb{R}$, $\cos(x \text{ radians})$ using the first definition of $\cos$ is equal to $\cos(x)$ using the second definition of $\cos$ and $\sin(x \text{ radians})$ using the first definition of $\sin$ is equal to $\sin(x)$ using the second definition of $\sin$.
Radians are also used in one of the formulae for centripetal acceleration. The angular frequency of a uniformly rotating object denoted $\omega$ is the number of revolutions per amount of time divided by $2\pi$. That formula is $|a| = \omega^2r$. Finally when you take the Taylor series of $\cos$ and $\sin$ in radians, it's not that hard to compute that $\forall x \in \mathbb{R}\cos(x) = \sum_{i = 0}^\infty\frac{(-1)^ix^{2i}}{(2i)!}$ and $\forall x \in \mathbb{R}\sin(x) = \sum_{i = 0}^\infty\frac{(-1)^ix^{2i + 1}}{(2i + 1)!}$. That makes it so easy to compute given a number its $\cos$ and $\sin$ in radians because the $\pi$ does not appear anywhere in the Taylor series' of $\cos$ and $\sin$ in radians.
The author of the question https://academia.stackexchange.com/questions/78068/is-there-a-place-in-academia-for-someone-who-compulsively-solves-every-problem-o wants to solve every problem on their own. There might be some people like that in a job who refuse to accpet that the first 16 digits of $\pi$ are what they were told they are and use the value of $\pi$ to build something when they cannot afford to get it more than a tiny bit off until they figure out its value to a high enough accuracy on their own because people sometimes make a mistake and spread false rumours in research. In fact, the Taylor series of $\sin$ can be used to calculate $\pi$. $\pi$ is $6 \times \sin^{-1}(\frac{1}{2})$. Given that $\sin^{-1}$ has a power series centered around 0 that has a nonzero radius of convergence and is equal to $\sin^{-1}$ in its radius of convergence, there is an obvious way to use the rule of composition for a power series and the fact that $\forall x \in [-\frac{\pi}{2}, \frac{\pi}{2}], \sin(\sin^{-1}(x)) = x$ to compute the power series for $\sin^{-1}(x)$. Dropping the assumption that $\sin^{-1}$ has a power series with a nonzero radius of convergence that is equal to $\sin^{-1}$ in the radius of convergence, if we then see that that series has a nonzero radius of convergence, then for all numbers in the radius of convergence, if you first apply that power series then apply $\sin$, you will get back the original number because of the rule for composition of two power series'. From this, we can deduce that that power series is $\sin^{-1}$ in its radius of convergence. If its radius of convergence is more than $\frac{1}{2}$, that can be used to calculate $\pi$. I will not however give the power series of $\sin^{-1}$ here because in my opinion, it's better when people who want to find out the power series for $\sin^{-1}$ have to either figure it out on their own or do without knowing. Then maybe research groups that want to will be able to actually get people who for real are able to solve that problem on their own.

First I want to clear up some confusions that appear in other answers to this question.
Anything that you use to count with is a unit.  That's why it's called a "unit"; it is "one" of whatever you are counting.  So angle is a quantity that can be measured in various units: degrees, radians, revolutions, gradients, and I'm sure there are others.
Dimensions are things like "length" or "length$^2$" or "mass$^3$" etc.  A basic rule of quantities with dimensions is that you cannot combine (add) two quantities unless they have the same dimensions. You can multiply and divide any dimensions you want, but not add.  A meter plus a second doesn't equal $2$ of anything, for example.  It's adding apples and oranges: undefined.  (Which means it could be defined in some way if anyone thinks of a reason why you would ever want to, but nobody has yet.  Anything you can do with that can be done more easily in other ways, so far.)
While angle has units, it IS dimensionless.  An easy way to prove that is to consider trigonometric functions: you can't take the cosine of a kilogram, or the sine of a second.  Thinking about the power series for sine, it becomes obvious that if angle had dimension D, you would have to add $D + D^2 + D^3 +...$ which is adding apples and oranges and orangutans and so on. So anything inside a trigonometric function (or an exponent, or a logarithm for that matter) must be dimensionless.  This is very handy in physics class!
Now, what is the "natural" unit for angle?  There's no such thing.
You can use any unit for angle you want, even make up your own, so long as it makes your life easier. Math is a tool for thinking; don't ever let it constrain your thinking needlessly instead of helping it.
If you tried to get an architect to measure all their angles in radians, they'd look at you as if you were an idiot and you'd deserve it.  Degrees are far superior for basic geometric measurements.  They were invented specifically because $360$ has a lot of integer divisors.  If you are cutting a circle into an integer number of pieces, degrees are generally what you want to use.
Radians were invented to make different math easier.  It turns out that for calculus and many aspects of higher math, radians are easiest to use.  But let's start with the probable reason radians were invented in the first place: to help measure arc-length more easily. Here is how I present the arc-length formula:
Suppose you don't know how to measure arc of a circle and want to figure it out.  One way to think of it is to compare a given arc to the one arc length we already know: the circumference of the circle.  Let's say for simplicity that you have an angle less than a full revolution.  How much length will that angle subtend when it is in the center of a circle?  The easiest way is to consider what fraction of the circle is filled by the arc.
$$\frac{\theta \text{ revolutions}}{\text{one revolution}} = \frac{x}{2\pi r}$$ or
$$\frac{\thetaº}{360º} = \frac{x}{2\pi r}$$ Solving for $x$, we get
$$x = r \cdot \thetaº \cdot \frac{2\pi}{360º}$$
At this point a beginning physicist might say, "That's great, but I want to use this formula to derive lots of other formulas, so is there any way to make it simpler?"  Yes, of course.  You simply measure $\theta$ with different units, so that numerical factor goes away, and you are left with $$x = r\theta$$
Ta-da! You have just invented radians.  If you like them best, you might even set them as your "default" so that if no units are mentioned, you assume that it is radians!  This is what many mathematicians do, but it is a choice.
Now for different applications, different units will be easier. It turns out that many interlinked formulas based on trigonometry are shorter to write in radians, which is why people keep mistaking it for "THE natural" unit. It so happens that for calculus, radians make derivatives of trigonometric functions simpler, which has a lot of consequences.
I hope that clears up what is optional and how terms are used.


韩检方将传唤李明博 受贿和经营腐败或为调查重点
”十多年前，王治郅赴美不归事件，是中国篮球历史上一道深重的疮疤。原文是这么写的：看完原视频和张帅所谓的客观公正、尊重事实的评论，小帝对其中的一些观点真是不敢苟同。
去年，C罗帮助皇马夺得了世俱杯冠军，同时夺得了世俱杯金靴和世俱杯金球两项个人荣誉大奖。憋出冠军的代价就是老龄化。
拉提莎-詹在2017年与瑞士名将辛吉斯搭档，实现了职业生涯的诸多突破，不仅拿下职业生涯首座大满贯冠军奖杯，更是登顶世界第一。女子网球运动员张帅荣获2017年度体育人物，成为当晚中国体坛唯一一位获奖的现役运动员。
三、赵明剑（山东鲁能→河北华夏幸福）赵明剑上赛季在鲁能负面新闻不断，不过数次在国家队中不俗的发挥给他加分不少，这也让华夏坚定了挖角的决心。中国媒体甚至做出了《谁会成为易建联全明星之路的牺牲品》的调查，简直丧心病狂...还有正反方的辩论的形式，从参与人数上来看，更多人还是支持易建联挤掉詹姆斯和加内特其中的一位，进入首发名单的。
郜林凤凰网体育讯广州恒大主场3比1击败大阪樱花，此役，国足主帅里皮来到了现场观战，相信，他对郜林的表现一定十分满意，32岁的恒大国脚为一次助攻拼到了受伤。
现在20岁的德鲁塞尔还有一个身份就是佛罗里达大学的一名大三学生，每天他除了游泳的训练之外，还要面临学业的压力。
为什么虎头蛇尾一路下滑呢？很简单，一开始因为新鲜感，因为对新教练的吹捧，所有人都非常团结，无论是外界的媒体和球迷，还是内部的国足将士，所以成绩自然不会差，但随着时间的发展，新鲜感没了，质疑声出现了，质疑声加剧了球队自身的问题团队精神和荣誉感也在逐渐消失。夺冠夜，辽宁队的卫猛提出了王朝的畅想。
英格兰英格兰历史上曾捧起过一次世界杯，那是1966年，世界杯在英格兰举办，该队创造了历史，获得了至今唯一一次世界杯冠军。
全场比赛结束，荷兰队3-0大胜葡萄牙队，获得了胜利。然而他在场上对球员的安排，似乎也在自打自脸。
那么这个怪圈到底是好事还是坏事？坦率地说，暂时还很难判断。
这笔虚拟世界中的转会，竟然让我对胡尔克产生了一种微妙的情怀。
法网起初十分犹豫。菲尔普斯退役之后，美国游泳队一度被认为是后继无人，但是德鲁塞尔的异军突起打消了人们的疑虑，他用行动证明自己完全有实力扛起美国队的大旗。


Note: before reading this, if you haven't seen trolls I reccomend you watch that, or at least read the plot.

this is part 1

A huge tornado hit pixie hollow. It did a lot of damage, but thankfully most fairies were lucky and just had a bruise or two. On the other hand, an animal fairy named Robin got picked up by the tornado and was litterally tossed into trees and rocks. The wind blew off all her pixie dust, and even if she had some, she wouldn't be able to fly out. The wind was too fast. It carried her beyond never land, and finally. at around 3 am, it dropped her to the ground leaving her disoriented, and badly bruised. She got up only to collapse with her right leg in pain. So she had to start limping to a hiding spot She didn't know where she was. For all she knew, this place could be a hide out for pirates who wanna capture fairies. As she limped she scanned her surroundings. She noticed some weird animal creatures. Example, a large catterpillar fuzzy looking thing that looked as if they had records on it's head. She also noticed these colorful pods in these branches. Then she saw a small hole in a tree she could hide in. She made her way over, but suddenly found herself under a net. She tried to stand up to see if she could possibly just lift it off but she was too weak and even if she wasn't, the net was too heavy. " guess I'll stay here till someone finds me". She didn't have to wait long. Minutes later she noticed the bluish gray figure with black hair sticking up. It was wearing a green vest and black pants and had a spear looking thing. It running towards the trap. He pointed the pointy end down and yelled " Stay where you are". Not that she had a choice, but she said " um um oh oh ok". The figures expression turned from protective anger to protective confusion. Maybe he didn't know what she was, or couldn't understand her or both. After all, when fairies talk to humans, all they can hear is jingling. Maybe these, whatever they were were the same way. Then she noticed that a pink figure that looked the same as the one pointing a spear at her, except she looked like a female one. She had pink skin, and a blue dress. When she got closer she heard her say in a light hearted but sarcastic voice to the other figure " What vicious creatre did you catch". Then the pink troll looked at her and said said " Branch, I don't think this" she turned to Robin and said " fairy I presume?" Robin said yes. As she suspected they couldn't understand her talking. The pink troll asked her to nod or shake her head so Robin nodded. Then she continued saying to the figure named Branch. " I think she is harmless. Put the spear down and let her up." Branch lifted the net and Robin stood up but fell. That's when they noticed her leg. Robin flapped her wings seeing if by chance she had any pinch of pixie dust on her to fly part way home. Nope. Her hurt leg and lack of pixie dust litterally grounded her. The pink troll could clearly see she needed help so she knelt down to try to get some information. By that time more of these figures were coming over and surrounding her.

Poppy pov

A crowd gathered and seeing the fairy was getting nervous I told them to stand back. Then I noticed a troll known as "hammer" in the crowd. He was known for having inventions so I asked him if he had some kind of translator gadget so we could understand the fairies jingling. He said yes and went to his house to get it. While he was gone I asked the fairy. " So based on the fact you nodded when asked to nod or shake your head, you understand us". The fairy nodded her head. "Ok. In that case, while hammer is getting the translator devices please allow us to introduce ourselves." She told her that they were trolls, and wouldn't hurt her. They were all very friendly. I told her my name and told her I was the queen. Then I introduced her to the other trolls and Mr dinkles, who seemed to take a quick liking to her. Hammer came back with a microphone looking thing and put it near the fairy. I asked her to tell us more about her and she answered, this time clear as a bell

" My name is Robin, and I am a never fairy. I got blown here by a tornado and I can't fly cause I'm out of pixie dust. The wind blew it all off." The troll named suki asked said " I think i've heard of never fairies. Don't y'all have certain talent guilds". Robin nodded and said " Yes I'm an animal fairy."

" Oh that's why mr dinkles took an instant liking to you" said Biggie. " Then doctor moonbloom came foward and said " Even if you could fly, as a doctor I'd be hesitant on you flying with that leg. It's clearly broken. She got out some bandages and tore them down to Robin's size, then wrapped her leg in it. Then she looked up at me and said "Poppy, she needs to rest". I agreed and picked up Robin and said " come on, you're gonna stay in my pod. I brought her into my home, made her a little bed and laid her in it. Hammer also brought a mini translator that was robin's size and put it near her. Then I told her to get some rest and not to worry. We would find a way to contact the queen of the never fairies so that her fellow fairies would know she was safe.


（观察者网讯）据当地媒体最新消息，阿富汗东部地震已形成超越1000人逝世，且伤亡数字很可能持续攀升
（观察者网讯）据当地媒体最新消息，阿富汗东部地震已形成超越1000人逝世，且伤亡数字很可能持续攀升。落井下石的是，在这场“20年来最严峻的地震”来袭曾经，洪涝灾祸已在阿富汗多地暴虐数月，迄今已有400人罹难。阿富汗临时政府已宣告欢迎全部世界帮助。对此，外交部表明，中方愿依据需求，供给紧迫人道主义帮助。<\/p>
阿富汗民众抢救伤员。图片来历：阿富汗拂晓新闻<\/p>
据此前报导，@我国地震台网通报，当地时间6月22日清晨1时14分，阿富汗东部（北纬32.95度，东经69.48度）产生6.2级地震，震源深度30千米。据美


我的动态<n>我的参与<n>腾讯科技讯（小贝）北京时间7月15日消息，据国外媒体报道，谷歌首席执行官拉里·佩奇（LarryPage）周四表示，谷歌不久前推出的Google+社交服务用户数量已经突破1000万。<n>拉里·佩奇在电话会议上表示：“已有超过1000万人加入了Google+，对于Google+团队而言，这是一个了不起的成就。”他补充说，Google+用户每天分享10亿次。<n>谷歌于6月28日推出了Google+社交服务，目前仍处于测试阶段，获得Google+成员资格只能通过邀请。谷歌工程业务高级副总裁维克·贡多特拉（VicGundotra）在博客中表示：“在线共享服务很不好用，甚至是很糟糕。我们要修复这一点。”<n>贡多特拉强调说，Google+服务可以通过“圈子”功能将好友与家人分开，并与特定的圈子用户共享信息。他说：“我们要把现实生活中共享体验的区别与丰富带到软件方面。”<n>贡多特拉说：“并非所有的关系都是平等的。在现实生活中，我们与同学共享这条信息，与家人共享那条信息，而几乎从不与老板共享信息。”<n>分享给中国程序员：分享给程序员。刚刚才发现Google的C++编码规范原来已经公开了，那就说两句，我认为这是地球上最好的一份C++编程规范，没有之一，建议广大国内外IT研究使用。url.cn/4gLzLA（来自柯化成）。<n>


电子商务专业，简称电商专业，是融计算机科学、市场营销学、管理学、经济学、法学和现代物流于一体的新型交叉学科。
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随着电子商务应用的普及，相关的硬件、软件开发和销售对专业人员的需求是确定的，不过这种需求可能是显性的，也可能是隐性的。显性情况下，用人单位会明确招聘懂得电子商务的专业人才，隐形的情况下，用人单位人力资源部面对市场客户的电子商务需求并不定明确知道招聘到电子商务专业背景的人才正好适用，而只能让计算机等相关学科背景的人勉强应付，或要求其补充学习电子商务知识。咨询行业因为其“与生俱来”的专业广度和深度，需求一般都比较明确。
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7月15日上午，在第五届数字中国建设峰会举办前夕，2022福州国际数字化媒体发展研讨会在福州开幕。40余家海内外华文媒体，以及多位数字经济领域专家学者、业界代表等相约“云上”，相聚福州，共同探讨数字中国建设，共谋数字媒体发展未来。
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我想去把腹肌整一下，<n>我去做美容整形，打折不。。。<n>莱芜在线的网友入院都有专属折扣哟~<n>双眼皮是永久性的，人本来就会经历新陈代谢，变老是必然的，但是能让变老的速度变慢是可以后天控制的。眼睛是心灵的窗户，是最能看出一个人变老的部位，做了双眼皮反而会让你的面部年轻化许多。<n>屏蔽字符将票投给了：<n>爱美之心人皆有之，但愿人人都变得更加美丽。如同锦上添花。<n>


人民大学党校第21期学生发展对象暨第14期本科新生党员培训班开班
来源：文/校报 学生记者 王子妹一 图/图片与视频制作中心 李璨
3月6日下午，中国人民大学党校第21期学生发展对象暨第14期本科新生党员培训班在明德堂正式开班，拉开了新一期党课培训班集中教育培训的帷幕。马克思主义学院吴美华教授、杨凤城教授为参加此次培训的936名学员作了专题报告。
吴美华教授首先强调了党章的地位和作用：“党章是党的宪法，是党的理论与实践的结晶。”随后，她简要讲解了党章的历史沿革，向学员们介绍了党章是怎样在党的实践过程中不断完善、发展起来的。
吴美华教授讲授的重点是十八大党章中值得注意的新亮点。党的十八大深刻总结了十七大以来新的实践成果


本书是一部颇具个性的茶文化史，作者借助与茶叶有关的生动故事，通俗诠释茶在人类文明发展中所扮演的精彩角色。从唐宋时代的茶马古道，到蒙元帝国称霸全球，到东方树叶在西方普及并流行，茶的倩影，从不张扬，也从未消失。因此，茶叶史，也是一部政治经济史。小小树叶的背后，是利益和战争的导火索！本书作者将茶叶写作从文化引到国际政治和文明冲突层面，作者跟随一片小小的茶叶，穿越古今，横跨东西，打破时间空间的界限，将茶战的故事，以及战神与茶神的博弈，精彩呈现在读者面前。
刘杰，作家，茶文明研究学者，青岛大学“一带一路”研究院研究员。已出版《大商埠》《黑白袁世凯》《猴票》《茶战——东方树叶的史诗》《茶路万里》等，近十年潜心研究中国历史上茶叶经济的发展。赖晓东，福建电视台综合频道《说茶》节目制片人，茶文明研究学者，出版《茶战——东方树叶的史诗》。


严慈相济诲英才，春风化雨育桃李。2023年5月29日，智轩学校中学部开展亮点教师经验分享会，优秀教师王霞老师结合自己的教学实践，分享班主任及教学工作中的感悟和心得。会议由李芳主任主持。王霞，一级教师，毕业于山东师范大学，英语教育专业，1999年-2022年在历城区鲍山学校（原济钢一中）工作，现任智轩学校初中部英语教研组组长、八年级一班班主任、八年级一班和二班英语老师。自工作以来，时刻注重教育管理规范化，潜心教学，匠心育人，曾获得济钢集团先进工作者，历城区优秀教师，历城区骨干教师，历城区素质大赛一等奖，历城区英语学科带头人，历城区优质课一等奖。严字当头，真爱相随，团结协作，共赴美好。王老师从这四个方面结合一年以来在智轩学校的教育案例，分享了她在教育管理工作上的心得。第一，严字当头。科学管理，抓好常规，做到有“法”可依，违“法”必究。王老师的班级民主制定了班规并有奖惩规则，组建了强有力的干部班子，从学习、纪律、卫生、行为习惯等全方位管理。同时，注重公平，人人平等，对事不对人。第二，真爱相随。管理要注重管心。为了使学生做到心悦诚服地接受班级的管理，她力求遵循“教育在前，惩戒在后，制度在前，关怀在后”的原则，经常性地跟学生谈心。正面教育，德育为先。细心、耐心、慧心助力个体教育。因材施教，对于一个同学的行为，会了解背后的原因，做到“家校共育”。第三，团结协作。她表示感谢班级的每一位学生和班级的每一位任科老师，更感谢英语组、年级组和学校。正是每一个人的努力和负责，才能成就一个优秀班级。最后，共赴美好。他山之石，可以攻玉，她表示今后会继续向周围优秀的老师们学习，做一个有灵魂，有思想，有原则，有温度的班主任。李芳主任总结到：互相搭台，共同上台。王霞老师在日常的工作中总是兢兢业业，尽职尽责，是我们学习的榜样。在学生的眼中，她既是一位好老师，也是一位好妈妈；在同事眼中，她既是一位好组长，也是一位好姐姐。作为班主任的她，是学生心中的依靠，学生在学校无论在学习和生活上都与她分享喜悦和悲伤；作为英语老师的她，每天早出晚归，备好每一次课，上好每一节课，用心批阅好每一份作业；作为英语组带头人，她带领教研组成员研究课题，帮助青年老师磨课评课，助力青年教师成长。教育的本质是一棵树摇动另一棵树，一朵云推动另一朵云，一个灵魂唤醒另一个灵魂。王霞老师严谨求实的治学态度、精益求精的敬业精神、孜孜以求的工作作风和大胆创新的进取精神令人佩服，相信在她榜样的引领下，青年教师将会更快更好的进步和发展！一尺讲台伴终生，一支粉笔传知识。春风化雨解疑惑，不厌其烦说真理。桃李芬芳满天下，依旧坚持不放弃。智轩学校的教师，在不断实践中探索行之有效的教学方法，在不断学习中感受职业幸福感，共同携手在成长路上！


“导语：这里是壹号美食公馆，专注分享简单的家常菜和儿童美味辅食，用美食拓宽生活中的幸福之味。” 在我们的日常生活中， 相信很多人都知道芒果是一款非常常见的水果。 虽然有可能它的食用概率没有苹果、梨子等等水果来的高， 但对于独特的口感而言， 就让它成为了糕点类美食的主要搭配品。 就拿今天分享的这款芒果大福来说， 相信很多人在蛋糕店或者甜品店都能看到同款美味， 有的店铺称之为芒果雪媚娘， 但笔者更喜欢称它为芒果大福， 因为它让人感觉在称谓上特别舒服且接地气。 当然了， 这个美食的烹饪方法也是非常简单， 无论你有没有甜品的制作基础， 相信看了笔者的操作步骤后都能轻松拿捏哦。 如果您对今天这款美食也非常喜欢的话， 不妨自己在家动手尝试一下吧。 【美食名称】:芒果大福 【准备原料】:芒果一个，生糯米粉180g,熟糯米粉35g,25克融化的黄油，150毫升椰奶，10克白砂糖。 第一步：首先按照自己的喜好，把芒果切成1.5cm长宽高的小块，千万不要切的太小，大一点无所谓；准备一个小碗，先把准备好的生糯米粉通过筛网筛入碗内，加白砂糖稍微搅拌几下后，分次少量的加入椰奶，用筷子不停搅拌至无粉末状颗粒的糯米奶糊之后，加入融化的黄油，搅拌均匀；然后直接放入蒸锅，大火蒸25分钟后取出放温。 第二步：随后用筷子不停搅拌蒸熟的糯米糊，然后在掌心抹上一层食用油，抓出大概四十克左右的糯米糊剂子，搓圆按扁之后，包裹住准备好的芒果块，然后收口搓圆，放在准备好的熟糯米粉中裹制一下，之后就可以上桌品尝了。 相对于今天这款家常小甜品来说， 单论操作方法的而言， 应该是相对简单的。 如果你感觉糯米粉的外观裹制不是太合乎口味的话， 也可以准备一些椰蓉裹制在外层， 那样对于整体的风味口感而言将会更好哦。 如果您对今天这款美食也非常喜欢的话， 不妨自己在家动手尝试一下吧。 那么今天的美食就分享到这里，若还有不明白的地方，也可以私聊笔者哦。本文由壹号美食公馆个人原创，欢迎多多点赞、收藏、关注、评论哦，我们明天不见不散。


  La actriz australiana Margot Robbie  se encuentra en negociaciones para interpretar a la muñeca Barbie  en el cine, un proyecto que ha estado en desarrollo durante años y que ahora parece haber retomado el estudio Warner Bros., informó hoy el medio especializado The Hollywood Reporter.
  La idea de llevar a la pantalla grande a la famosa muñeca estuvo vinculada en primer lugar al estudio Sony, que en 2014 llegó a un acuerdo con el fabricante de juguetes Mattel para abordar esta adaptación cinematográfica.
  En 2016 se supo que Amy Schumer era la elegida por Sony para protagonizar una película sobre una mujer que vivía en Barbieland y que era expulsada de ese mundo por no ser lo suficientemente perfecta, por su personalidad excéntrica y por no ajustarse a las convenciones sociales.
  Sin embargo, el acuerdo de Sony para llevar al cine el personaje de Barbie expiró este año, por lo que Mattel está ahora trabajando con Warner Bros. para asociarse y conseguir que este largometraje sea una realidad.
  Lo que no está claro ahora es si la premisa y el guion de esta película serían los mismos o si Warner Bros. optaría por otro enfoque.
  Fuentes cercanas a Warner Bros. indicaron a The Hollywod Reporter que Patty Jenkins, la cineasta de Wonder Woman (2017), ha rondado el proyecto de Barbie, aunque todavía no hay una oferta ni conversaciones serias al respecto.
  Tras llamar la atención del público frente a Leonardo DiCaprio en The Wolf of Wall Street (2013), Robbie alcanzó el estatus de estrella global con su interpretación de Harley Quinn en la cinta de antihéroes Suicide Squad (2016).
  Nominada al Oscar por I, Tonya (2017), la australiana tiene varios proyectos de gran envergadura en el horizonte como Birds of Prey, película en la que volverá a encarnar a Harley Quinn; y Once Upon a Time in Hollywood, la nueva cinta de Quentin Tarantino, donde interpretará a la actriz Sharon Tate, que fue asesinada por la secta La Familia que dirigía Charles Manson.


Why do I get an IndexOutOfBoundsException iterating a List? I am trying to convert a python code to scala. I am new to Scala, it is a very different language than python.
I have tried converting all the python functions to Scala like so:
def legalMoves(board: List[Int]): List[List[Int]] = {
    val moves = List[List[Int]]()
    for ((piece, pos) <- board.zipWithIndex) {
      val jumpmove = pos + (piece * 2)
      val move = pos + (piece)
      if (piece != 0) {
if (!((jumpmove < 0) || (jumpmove >= board.size))) {
if (board(jumpmove) == 0) {
val t = List(board)
t.updated(pos, 0)
t.updated(jumpmove, piece)
moves :+ t
}
}
if (!((move < 0) || (move >= board.size))) {
if (board(move) == 0) {
val t = List(board)
t.updated(pos, 0)
t.updated(move, piece)
moves :+ t
}
}
      }
    }
    return moves
  }

  def evalAll(current: List[List[Int]], target: List[Int]): List[List[Int]] = {
    val next = List[List[Int]]()
    for (a <- current) {
      val n = legalMoves(a)
      for (q <- n) {
val t = List(a)
t :+ q
if (q == target) {
return t
}
next :+ t
      }
    }
    return next
  }

  def solve(start: List[Int]): List[List[Int]] = {
    var temp = List(start)
    val end = start.reverse
    while (temp.last != end) {
      temp = evalAll(temp, end)
    }
    return temp
  }

  def main(args: Array[String]) {
    println(solve(List(1, 1, 1, 0, -1, -1, -1)))
  }

This is what I get as an error when I try to run it:
[error]at scala.collection.TraversableLike$WithFilter.foreach(TraversableLike.scala:791)
[error]at org.mq.frogsandtoads.Main$.legalMoves(Main.scala:6)
[error]at org.mq.frogsandtoads.Main$.$anonfun$evalAll$1(Main.scala:34)
[error]at org.mq.frogsandtoads.Main$.$anonfun$evalAll$1$adapted(Main.scala:33)
[error]at scala.collection.immutable.List.foreach(List.scala:392)
[error]at org.mq.frogsandtoads.Main$.evalAll(Main.scala:33)
[error]at org.mq.frogsandtoads.Main$.solve(Main.scala:51)
[error]at org.mq.frogsandtoads.Main$.main(Main.scala:57)
[error] Nonzero exit code returned from runner: 1
[error] (Compile / run) Nonzero exit code returned from runner: 1
[error] Total time: 3 s, completed Aug 23, 2019, 8:18:35 PM

I don't understand what is wrong. Would love to be put in the right direction.

Welcome to the wonderful world of Scala!
Things can certainly be a little confusing at times, but with a little perseverance, anything is possible. :-)
The cause of the exception was an invalid list index value. (In case it's not apparent, if you have a list with n elements, you'll get that exception if you attempt to access any member with an index outside the range [0, n - 1].)
Unfortunately, your "solution" just adds another layer of lists, which fixes the symptoms, but I don't think it addresses the problem. Still, your code correctly outlines a series of boards with one solution, for the given problem.
However, this particular problem has two solutions for any given board, and they're mirror images of each other. There are some other rules that are characteristics of the solutions, say for a game with F frogs and T toads:

*

*The total number of jumps in each solution is F x T.

*The total number of slides in each solution is F + T.

*Consequently, the total number of moves in each solutions is (F x T) + F + T.

I tried to make sense of your code, but I gave up; I couldn't get my head around it! :-) Instead, I coded up a solution that is a little more detailed, but it produces more comprehensible output (and, hopefully, you'll understand it OK, too).
BTW, Scala Lists are not really meant to be used in the way you tried. Each List is essentially made up of two elements: a head (which is the first element in the list) and a tail (which is a List containing the remaining elements). The value Nil represents an empty list. This sets up a recursive relationship that allows us to iterate through a List performing actions on successive head elements as required. Consequently, it doesn't perform too well when you need to look up an element by its position in the list (such lookups have efficiencies of the order O(n)). An Array is far better at that (efficiency of order O(1)).
Also, the use of while loops and vars is discouraged in Scala, because there are better approaches available. To illustrate this, I've re-written your program to take advantage of Scala's functional programming capabilities:

package org.mq.frogsandtoads

import scala.annotation.tailrec

object Main {

  // Moves are to the right or to the left, so let's capture directions as
  // a hierarchy of directions.
  //
  // (This is nicer than using integer values.)
  //
  // A trait is like an abstract class that takes no class arguments. A case
  // object is an object that can be used in pattern matching, which we'll see
  // shortly. We can't create a Direction, but we can create Right & Left.
  trait Direction {

    // An index multiplier. 1 = to the right, -1 to the left.
    //
    // This is an abstract value, overridden in base classes.
    val multiplier: Int
  }

  case object Left extends Direction {
    override val multiplier = -1
  }

  case object Right extends Direction {
    override val multiplier = 1
  }

  // Let's capture frogs, toads and the hole as a hierarchy of board elements.
  trait Element

  // Frogs and toads are movable elements, holes are not.
  trait MovableElement extends Element {

    // Direction this element can move in.
    val direction: Direction
  }

  // Frogs can only move to the right.
  case object Frog extends MovableElement {
    override val direction = Right
  }

  // Toads can only move to the left.
  case object Toad extends MovableElement {
    override val direction = Left
  }

  // The hole cannot be moved (directly).
  case object Hole extends Element

  // A "board" is now a vector of elements. So let's define a type for that.
  //
  // Arrays are preferable to Lists because they support efficient element
  // retrieval given an index. Alas, they're also mutuable collections, which
  // we typically prefer to avoid. So instead we'll use a Vector, which is
  // immutable, if a little slower than an Array. I'm using it to demonstrate
  // how  immutable collections are used.
  type Board = Vector[Element]

  // Let's capture the turns as either Slides (1 position) or Jumps (2
  // positions).
  trait Turn {
    val positions: Int
  }

  case object Slide extends Turn {
    override val positions = 1
  }

  case object Jump extends Turn  {
    override val positions = 2
  }

  // A move, which applies only movable elements, consists of a turn a
  // direction, and the resulting board. We'll use a case class for this.
  final case class Move(turn: Turn, direction: Direction, board: Board)

  // A solution is now a list of moves. This type can also be used for
  // potential solutions.
  type Solution = List[Move]

  // A game has the specified number of frogs and toads.
  final class Game(frogs: Int, toads: Int) {

    // Sanity checks.
    require(frogs > 0, s"Number of frogs must be positive: $frogs")
    require(toads > 0, s"Number of toads must be positive: $toads")

    // Size of the boards in this game: the frogs + the toads + 1 for the hole.
    val boardSize = frogs + toads + 1

    // Create an initial board, in which we have all the frogs, a hole then all
    // the toads. Tabulate takes, as its first argument, the size of the board.
    // The second argument determines what element goes into each slot.
    private val initialBoard: Board = Vector.tabulate(boardSize) {i =>

      // If i (a 0-based index) is less than frogs, then this is a Frog.
      if(i < frogs) Frog

      // If it's equal to frogs, then it is the Hole.
      else if(i == frogs) Hole

      // Otherwise, it's a Toad.
      else Toad
    }

    // Create a final board. This happens when we have all the toads, the hole,
    // then all the frogs. We can obtain it by reversing the initial board.
    private val finalBoard: Board = initialBoard.reverse

    // Validate a board. This checks whether we have the right number of frogs,
    // toads and a hole. It returns true if the board is valid, false
    // otherwise.
    private def validate(board: Board): Boolean = {

      // An initial count, as a 3 value tuple: the number of frogs, holes and
      // toads respectively. Each count in the tuple is accessed by the member
      // references _1, _2 and _3.
      val initialCounts = (0, 0, 0)

      // Perform a fold left, where we iterate through the board counting the
      // types of element it contains. The first argument is the initial count
      // and the second argument is a function that takes two arguments, a
      // count tuple and an element. The fold operation calls this function for
      // each element of the board in turn, providing the new count for each
      // one.
      val finalCounts = board.foldLeft(initialCounts) {(counts, element) =>
element match {
case Frog => (counts._1 + 1, counts._2, counts._3)
case Hole => (counts._1, counts._2 + 1, counts._3)
case Toad => (counts._1, counts._2, counts._3 + 1)
}
      }

      // Check that the final counts match our expected counts, returning the
      // result.
      finalCounts == (frogs, 1, toads)
    }

    // Use the validation function to ensure that our initial and final boards
    // are valid.
    assert(validate(initialBoard), s"Initial board is invalid: $initialBoard")
    assert(validate(finalBoard), s"Final board is invalid: $finalBoard")

    // Determine if the board is done, that is, if we have all the toads, then
    // the hole, then all the frogs.
    private def isFinished(board: Board): Boolean = board == finalBoard

    // Determine if a position is valid. Return true if it is, false if not.
    private def isValidPosition(i: Int): Boolean = i >= 0 && i < boardSize

    // Determine if a move is possible on a given board, returning the
    // successful move wrapped in Some, or None if it cannot be made. The
    // result is of type Option.
    //
    // board is the current board before making the move, i is the position of
    // the piece and turn is the action being attempted.
    private def makeMove(board: Board, i: Int, turn: Turn): Option[Move] = {

      // Sanity checks.
      assert(validate(board), s"Intermediate board is invalid: $board")
      assert(isValidPosition(i), s"Invalid move position: $i")

      // Examine the element at the specified board position.
      board(i) match {

// If the element is a movable element, then we need to examine its
// turn type.
case me: MovableElement => {

// Get the direction of this move, based upon the element at the
// specified postion.
val dir = me.direction

// Get the target position for the move. It if's invalid, we cannot
// make this move.
val target = i + dir.multiplier * turn.positions
if(!isValidPosition(target)) None

// Otherwise, if the element at the target position is not a Hole,
// then we cannot make this move.
else if(board(target) != Hole) None

// If this turn is a jump, and the element we're attempting to jump
// over is the same type as this element, then we cannot make this
// move.
else if(turn == Jump && board(i + dir.multiplier) == board(i)) None

// OK. We can make this move. Create a new board by replacing the
// hole at the target position with this element, and replace this
// element with a Hole.
else {
val newBoard = board.updated(target, me).updated(i, Hole)

// Sanity check to ensure that the new board is valid.
assert(validate(newBoard), s"New board following $turn, $dir is invalid: $newBoard")

// Create the move we're considering making.
val move = Move(turn, dir, newBoard)

// Return the move wrapped in Some.
Some(move)
}
}

// Otherwise, it's a hole, so it can't be moved.
case _ => None
      }
    }

    // Evaluate the current state of play.
    @tailrec
    private def validMoves(solutions: List[Solution],
    partialSolutions: List[(Solution, Board)]): List[Solution] =  {

      // If there are no more partial solutions, then we're done. Return all
      // the solutions found.
      if(partialSolutions.isEmpty) solutions

      // Otherwise, try to perform another set of moves for each partial
      // solution.
      else {

// For each partial solution, try all possible moves, filtering out
// those that could not be made.
val updated = partialSolutions.flatMap {

// Split the current partial solution into a list of moves and a board.
case (ms, b) => {
for {

// Check each position on the board.
i <- 0 until boardSize

// Check each turn at each position.
t <- List(Slide, Jump)

// Determine the result of attempting to make this move on the
// partial solution's last board.
r = makeMove(b, i, t)

// Filter out those moves that failed, retaining only those that
// are defined (i.e. not None).
//
// Note: if there are NO valid moves for this board, then this
// will filter out the initial partial solution.
if r.isDefined

// Retrieve the move.
m = r.get

// For the result, create a Solution by adding the move to the
// current list of moves (note that we have to build it in
// reverse) and updating the resulting board.
} yield (m :: ms, m.board)
}
}

// Now partition the partial solutions by looking at the resulting
// board: any that match the final board are complete solutions.
val (completed, newPartialSolutions) = updated.partition {
case (_, b) => isFinished(b)
}

// Determine the new list of completed solutions by processing the
// completed list. "map" operates on each member of completed, changing
// the result.
val newSolutions = completed.map {

// Reverse the set of moves so that it is the right way around.
// Discard the completed board.
case (moves, _) => moves.reverse
}

// Perform another iteration.
validMoves(newSolutions, newPartialSolutions)
      }
    }

    // Solve the game, finding all possible sequence of moves that result in
    // the final board. Because there are more than one solution, we'll return
    // a list of all the solutions found.
    //
    // Initially, we have no solutions. Our only partial solution consists of
    // no moves and the initial board.
    def solve: List[Solution] = validMoves(Nil, List((Nil, initialBoard)))
  }

  // Main function.
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {

    // Create a game with 3 frogs and 3 toads and find the solutions.
    val solutions = new Game(3, 3).solve

    // Now report the number of solutions and detail them.
    println(s"Number of solutions found: ${solutions.size}")
    solutions.foreach {sol =>

      // For each solution, output a summary of the solution.
      println()
      println("Solution begins:")
      println()
      val moves = sol.size
      val (slides, jumps) = sol.map(_.turn).foldLeft((0, 0)) {(c, t) =>
t match {
case Slide => (c._1 + 1, c._2) // Increment number of slides.
case _ => (c._1, c._2 + 1)     // Increment number of jumps.
}
      }
      assert(slides + jumps == moves,
s"slides ($slides) + jumps ($jumps) != moves ($moves)")

      println(s"Total moves: $moves (slides: $slides, jumps: $jumps)")
      println()
      println("Moves:")
      sol.foreach(println)
    }
  }
}

This produces the following output:

Number of solutions found: 2

Solution begins:

Total moves: 15 (slides: 6, jumps: 9)

Moves:
Move(Slide,Right,Vector(Frog, Frog, Hole, Frog, Toad, Toad, Toad))
Move(Jump,Left,Vector(Frog, Frog, Toad, Frog, Hole, Toad, Toad))
Move(Slide,Left,Vector(Frog, Frog, Toad, Frog, Toad, Hole, Toad))
Move(Jump,Right,Vector(Frog, Frog, Toad, Hole, Toad, Frog, Toad))
Move(Jump,Right,Vector(Frog, Hole, Toad, Frog, Toad, Frog, Toad))
Move(Slide,Right,Vector(Hole, Frog, Toad, Frog, Toad, Frog, Toad))
Move(Jump,Left,Vector(Toad, Frog, Hole, Frog, Toad, Frog, Toad))
Move(Jump,Left,Vector(Toad, Frog, Toad, Frog, Hole, Frog, Toad))
Move(Jump,Left,Vector(Toad, Frog, Toad, Frog, Toad, Frog, Hole))
Move(Slide,Right,Vector(Toad, Frog, Toad, Frog, Toad, Hole, Frog))
Move(Jump,Right,Vector(Toad, Frog, Toad, Hole, Toad, Frog, Frog))
Move(Jump,Right,Vector(Toad, Hole, Toad, Frog, Toad, Frog, Frog))
Move(Slide,Left,Vector(Toad, Toad, Hole, Frog, Toad, Frog, Frog))
Move(Jump,Left,Vector(Toad, Toad, Toad, Frog, Hole, Frog, Frog))
Move(Slide,Right,Vector(Toad, Toad, Toad, Hole, Frog, Frog, Frog))

Solution begins:

Total moves: 15 (slides: 6, jumps: 9)

Moves:
Move(Slide,Left,Vector(Frog, Frog, Frog, Toad, Hole, Toad, Toad))
Move(Jump,Right,Vector(Frog, Frog, Hole, Toad, Frog, Toad, Toad))
Move(Slide,Right,Vector(Frog, Hole, Frog, Toad, Frog, Toad, Toad))
Move(Jump,Left,Vector(Frog, Toad, Frog, Hole, Frog, Toad, Toad))
Move(Jump,Left,Vector(Frog, Toad, Frog, Toad, Frog, Hole, Toad))
Move(Slide,Left,Vector(Frog, Toad, Frog, Toad, Frog, Toad, Hole))
Move(Jump,Right,Vector(Frog, Toad, Frog, Toad, Hole, Toad, Frog))
Move(Jump,Right,Vector(Frog, Toad, Hole, Toad, Frog, Toad, Frog))
Move(Jump,Right,Vector(Hole, Toad, Frog, Toad, Frog, Toad, Frog))
Move(Slide,Left,Vector(Toad, Hole, Frog, Toad, Frog, Toad, Frog))
Move(Jump,Left,Vector(Toad, Toad, Frog, Hole, Frog, Toad, Frog))
Move(Jump,Left,Vector(Toad, Toad, Frog, Toad, Frog, Hole, Frog))
Move(Slide,Right,Vector(Toad, Toad, Frog, Toad, Hole, Frog, Frog))
Move(Jump,Right,Vector(Toad, Toad, Hole, Toad, Frog, Frog, Frog))
Move(Slide,Left,Vector(Toad, Toad, Toad, Hole, Frog, Frog, Frog))

There's going to be a lot there that you might not understand, right away. I would encourage you to visit the Scala API documentation to lookup some of the details you're unsure of.

I found a solution by editing the code like so (there are too many changes to list):
package org.mq.frogsandtoads

object Main {
  def legalMoves(board: List[Int]): List[List[Int]] = {
    var moves = List[List[Int]]()
    for ((piece, pos) <- board.zipWithIndex) {
      val jumpmove = pos + (piece * 2)
      val move = pos + (piece)
      if (piece != 0) {
if (!((jumpmove < 0) || (jumpmove >= board.size))) {
if (board(jumpmove) == 0) {
var t = board
t = t.patch(pos, List(0), 1)
t = t.patch(jumpmove, List(piece), 1)
moves = moves :+ t
}
}
if (!((move < 0) || (move >= board.size))) {
if (board(move) == 0) {
var t = board
t = t.patch(pos, List(0), 1)
t = t.patch(move, List(piece), 1)
moves = moves :+ t
}
}
      }
    }
    return moves
  }

  def evalAll(
      current: List[List[List[Int]]],
      target: List[Int]
  ): List[List[List[Int]]] = {
    var next = List[List[List[Int]]]()
    for (a <- current) {
      val n = legalMoves(a.last)
      for (q <- n) {
var t = a
t = t :+ q
if (q == target) {
return List(t)
}
next = next :+ t
      }
    }
    return next
  }

  def solve(start: List[Int]): List[List[List[Int]]] = {
    var temp = List(List(start))
    val end = start.reverse
    while (temp.last.last != end) {
      temp = evalAll(temp, end)
    }
    return temp
  }

  def main(args: Array[String]) {
    println(solve(List(1, 1, 1, 0, -1, -1, -1)))
  }
}


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北单016西甲前瞻：格拉纳达vs毕尔巴鄂竞技 毕巴中场核心或会缺阵
北京时间2022年5月11日凌晨2点，西甲36轮，保级球队格拉纳达主场迎战联赛第8的毕尔巴鄂竞技，格拉纳达最近势头很好，过去8场比赛球队只输了两场，上一轮保级关键战更是一场大比分胜利。毕尔巴鄂竞技四月份以来状态也不错，6场比赛只输了1场，还击败过马竞这样的强敌，面对这样的毕包，格拉纳达还能继续抢分吗？出奇情报局将在下文为你带来双方海外一手情报资讯。
上一轮比赛格拉纳达6-2拿下马略卡取得了保级关键战的胜利，40岁的老将莫利纳两射一传再次成为了比赛的关键先生。莫利纳这个赛季为球队打了34场比赛，贡献了12球5助攻。
毕尔巴鄂竞技上一场战平了巴伦西亚，球


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7月5日下午,城投公司召开潮涌浦江·“三古”城市更新项目专题招商推介会。奉发经济园区总经理叶慧应邀出席。公司党支部书记、副总经理康健,党支部委员、副总经理赵永华,党支部委员、工会主席陈英,副总经理陈蓓蓓,相关部门经理,招商员以及11家企业代表参加。会议由陈蓓蓓主持。
01
“三古”城市更新项目推介
招商员吴依雯围绕“三古”城市更新项目的基本概况、方案设计及理念等内容进行介绍。
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介绍园区相关招商环境
叶慧对园区的营商环境以及相关政策进行介绍,并表示园区将为企业提供“妈妈式”服务,同时落实好各项惠企政策,用政策利好吸引企业、用真心服务留住企业。希望越来越多的企业加入到奉发,携手并进、共同发展。
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奉发园区何晨竹解读新的税务政策及工商相关办理手续
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康健作总结发言:一是感谢,对出席本次招商推介会的各企业代表,以及现场对招商情况做介绍和解答的奉发经济园区的代表表示感谢。二是合作,希望通过公司的项目优势吸引更多企业的加入,为奉发代言、为城投代言,进一步发挥产业合作的叠加效应。三是长效,牢固树立“以协作促发展”的理念,希望通过招商引资这个平台,全面落实各项惠企政策,加强沟通、全力服务,与更多企业达成长久的战略合作协议。
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Outdoors The Law School Scam

Writer06/12/201712/01/2018Comments Off on Outdoors The Law School Scam

For a lot of years, the gospel of college rankings was the U.S. News and World Report’s annual list. With an more than-saturated pool of lawyers and law firms receiving an unprecedented quantity of applications, employers can be very picky, deciding on only candidates guaranteed to be stellar. The e-mail notes that, notwithstanding the rankings hit, there are nevertheless many points of pride for these who enjoy UConn Law. Loui$ Univer$iTTy Sewer of Law as the 82nd greatest, most magnificent and sensational law school in the United States.

Excluding the 3 law schools in Puerto Rico, 3,772 fewer people graduated from ABA-accredited law schools in 2015, an 8.7 {94fd270d4ca28f2edfc243ba25e2e085a0955a6f39a6e724499b123455e6c8b2} decline from 2014. And making great income in a career ought to be the major – if not sole – reason for attending professional school.”.90{94fd270d4ca28f2edfc243ba25e2e085a0955a6f39a6e724499b123455e6c8b2} of only the top 10{94fd270d4ca28f2edfc243ba25e2e085a0955a6f39a6e724499b123455e6c8b2} ranked. LSAC’s general counsel in April notified Arizona Law that the school’s new policy may possibly violate its bylaws, which demand that substantially all of” a law school’s applicants take the LSAT. Her anger at becoming left out of huge decisions, including the law school move, led to her abrupt resignation a month before the relocation.

By my calculations, among schools in the best one hundred final year, the typical college dropped down about 1.three spots. If your pals, co-workers, UPS delivery driver, barber or relatives are contemplating law school, make sure to send them to the website below. The acceptance price is the percentage of applicants presented admission into the college.

If Princeton opened a law school, the issue would start off off in the prime five, solely since of the university’s blue-blooded image. The U.S. economy is still lagging, and the legal sector hasn’t improved either, so it really is understandable if law grads aren’t obtaining a lot more and greater jobs amid slack demand. Jerry Mathers was eminently certified to address Indiana Tech’s graduating class of 2016.

The difficulty of attempting to spot a college like UC-Irvine on a ranked list (even 1 with a generous use of six-way ties) essentially undercuts the idea of a ranking totally, if stated notion wasn’t undercut totally already. On page two of this ATL piece, you can study the cockroaches’ letter to the president of the Law School Admissions Council.


阅读本文前,请您先点击上面的蓝色字体“英语流利”,再点击“关注”,这样您就可以继续免费收到你感兴趣的文章了。每天都有分享,完全是免费订阅,请放心关注! 以下香烟等信息整合于网络,具体以实际情况为准,温馨提醒:吸烟有害健康,请尽早戒烟,想要了解更多最新的香烟资讯和最实用的资讯请持续关注。
云烟的历程并非一帆风顺、一路坦途,“云烟”的成功更不是一蹴而就的。云烟能走到今天确实也是非常的不容易,现在的云烟在中国香烟市场上占比很重了,那么云烟软如意这款香烟也是云烟中的一个经典之作。
云烟软如意多少钱
云烟软如意到现在已经有十多年的历史了,香烟也是受到很多人的追捧,在当时这款香烟也算得上一款高档货了,虽然到了现在已经没有往年的风范,但是这款香烟的经典还是许多人称赞的,它的零售参考价为11元/包。
据说云烟软如意是唯一一款在高档烟线制造的10块价位烟,所以它的产量小,因为货源的紧俏所以到了现在这款香烟的价格还是起伏不定,各地都有区别。
河南省:10元/包
重庆市:12元/包
广东省:9元/包
辽宁省:11元/包
浙江省:15元/包
云烟香烟基本参数
云烟香烟分析
这是一款很有历史的香烟了,云烟软如意耐烧,包装非常精致,烟盒的字感觉透露出一种古典韵味,入嘴还是很甜的,进肺以后不会像贵烟那么冲,感觉淡淡的,慢慢的进入肺中,十分的爽快,总体来说着是一款非常不错的香烟11元/包的价格也是能够接受的。
前往“发现”-“看一看”浏览“朋友在看”


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创新的设计、品质的管理、高标准的客服是企业发展的竞争力。
为客户提供价值是企业的使命!
DEC长期致力于打造办公空间、商业、展示空间装饰装修这一高端领域。 DEC的客户覆盖范围广,包括:品牌外资公司、高端名企、外国驻中国领事馆或办事处、品牌专卖店等;行业涵盖能源企业、金融企业、制造业企业、IT公司、律师事务所、贸易公司‥‥‥
DEC是一个敬业、充满活力,有创新理念的设计及施工服务机构,其设计强调整体性及创新性。在DEC每个项目都是独一无二的,公司不但竭尽全力保证设计及施工的质量维持最高标准,而且在设计风格方面亦并非一成不变地局限在固定的形式上。以富有创新的设计理念、流畅的空间划分、巧妙的材料组合、色彩的合理运用,充分体现出我司在设计方面的卓越才能。更能根据项目的实际情况及预算综合考虑客户的需要、成本及施工方法,以提供超越客户预期的设计方案。


生命中的五朵金花： 爱的能力，独立自主，联结，价值感，安全感。
努力去做到以上几点，缺什么就补什么，因为你内心丰盈，就不会孤单。


女生跑步减肥 跑步1个月身材变化显着 教你一个5公里跑步计划
2公里已经很不容易，列位小同伴也可以联合自己的实际情况循序渐进地举行。
要想减肥瘦身，最为简朴有效的方法就是运动，而对于运动来说，最具有可行性的可能就非跑步莫属，不要说自己不适合，如果你真的不行，原因只有一个，那就是太懒，这才是戳中要害的关键所在。今天先容的这位女生整体身材还算不错，但她还是下定刻意想要减肥，为此实验天天跑步5公里，看一连坚持1个月身材会有怎样的改变。
2公里已经很不容易，列位小同伴也可以联合自己的实际情况循序渐进地举行。
先来看看女生挑战开始前的身材，虽然整体还算是苗条匀称，但一看就知道没怎么举行过健身磨炼，全身上下没有什么肌肉线条感，这也是她重复努力想要解决的问题。天天跑步5公里实在不是一件容易坚持的事情，为此女生决议在户外举行，边跑步还能看看双方的美景，虽然不能从基础上解决问题，但至少可以转移部门注意力，固然一定要选择宁静的地方哦。许多人还碰面临的问题，就是5公里跑无法一口吻完成，事实也确实如此，即便你体力了得，要想一开始就坚持到底也险些是不行能完成的任务。


华为MatePad Pro参考价格：3699元华为不仅在手机领域人气很高，在平板电脑方面也推出了优秀产品，这款MatePad Pro的10.8英寸版本就很符合学生党与白领的口味，如果你用的是华为手机，那真该配上MatePad Pro了。该机有着10.8英寸绚丽全面屏，2560x1600分辨率足够细腻清晰。内置鸿蒙OS 2.0能带来卓越的生产力属性，跟华为手机连接之后可以随时互传文件，拍摄的教案、板书都能随时上传到平板上，在大屏中学习。
小米平板5 Pro参考价格：3499元作为平板电脑领域的老将，小米也推出了最新的小米平板5 Pro，搭载11英寸、120Hz刷新率、2560x1600分辨率的大屏幕，视觉体验完全不逊于苹果iPad Pro。而“爱奇艺属性”该有也得有，小米平板5 Pro拥有骁龙870芯片与立体声四扬声器，玩玩游戏完全没问题，看电影也有着优秀的环绕声加持。
荣耀平板V7 Pro参考价格：3299元荣耀则属于平板电脑领域的“新人”，这款V7 Pro也是代表生产力属性的人气款式。该机搭载的是11英寸、2.5K分辨率、120Hz刷新率的全面屏，视觉体验非常优秀。迅鲲1300T芯片也是联发科专门为移动大屏平台推出的高性能、低功耗芯片，配合平板内置的7250毫安时大容量电池提供持久续航，让学习、工作、娱乐不再受到续航时间的限制。
跟同类产品一样，荣耀平板V7 Pro也可以选择Magic悬浮键盘与Magic Pencil 2，瞬间变声笔记本电脑，满足各种高强度的文字输入与各类批注、笔记等需要，键盘还自带手写笔的收纳仓，携带更方便。值得一提的是，键盘上有一个专门的语音转换按键，能够实现“全局语音录入转写”，支持普通话、粤语、英语、日语，在上课或者讨论学习时可以将大家的点子随时保存为文本，更便于复习查看。


浙江省台州市路桥区人民法院

民 事 判 决 书

（2010）台路商初字第65号

原告冷某某。

委托代理人尚某某。

被告谢某某。

被告谢某。

原告冷某某为与被告谢某某、谢某合伙纠纷一案，于200

9年12月25日向本院提起诉讼，本院于同日受理后，依法由审

判员陈鹏独任审判，于2010年1月13日公开开庭进行了审理。

原告冷某某及其委托代理人尚某某，被告谢某某、谢某到庭参

加诉讼。现已审理终结。

原告冷某某起诉称：2009年8月28日，两被告因资金短缺

向原告借款人民币26827元，由被告谢某出具欠条。后被告于2

009年11月份归还借款本金某民币5500元，尚欠原告人民币213

27元，请


美国对多名涉及南海岛礁建设的中国公民实施签证限制
（观察者网讯）当地时间26日，美国国务院宣布取消了一些中国公民的美国签证，这些人当中包括部分中国国有企业高管。美国给出的理由是这些人参与了南海岛礁建设，他们的直系亲属也可能受到签证限制。
在随后举行的吹风会上，有人问及有多少中企高管被限制了美国签证，这些人和他们的家人是否经常去美国。美国国务院的一位高级官员模糊表示，几十个人（dozens of）被认定不符合签证资格。他接着说道：“我们能公开说的（细节）有限。”
美国政府此前刚刚宣布将包括中国交建5家子公司在内的24家中企列入“实体清单”，限制其获取美国技术，并称这些企业帮助中国军方在南海修建人工岛。
随着美国大选临近，美国对中国的全方位抹黑愈演愈烈。贸易战、科技战、香港牌、台湾牌 为针对中国，美国一次又一次地挑事，这次又盯上了南海。国务卿蓬佩奥近期频频发表干涉南海事务的不当言论。
关于南海问题，中国外交部发言人曾多次表示，南海诸岛是中国固有领土，中国在自己的国土上开展设施建设，部署必要的国土防御设施是完全正常的，这是国际法承认的一个主权国家的正常权利。


在未参加三下乡之前，对三下乡不了解的情况下，选择三下乡，只有一个原因，就是为了锻炼自己、提升自身能力，希望可以通过三下乡遇见不一样的自己，作为一名志愿者帮助他人，快乐自己。同时三下乡也是一个非常难得的机会，可能犹豫了没有参加，错过了就真的错过了，因此我选择了参加三下乡。三下乡最不可少的就是收获，对于自身能力的提高，在处理问题时的全方位思考，同时也学会了身处团队中的考虑周全，以及处理事情的尽心尽力。自身能力提高的同时，最不可少的就是与团队成员相处的友谊，活动的顺利进行，少不了的就是一个团队的通力协作，一个人或许可以走的很好，但一队人才能走的很远，虽然团队中每个人都有自己独特的思想，每个人都不一样，但是大家可以为了团队可以变得更好，选择了扬长避短，隐藏自己的特性，团队成员从开始的同学，变成后来的兄弟姐妹，团队变成了大家庭。此外在支教活动中也收获了，小朋友对我们的信任，以及对我们的依恋。三下乡中收获了队友间的友谊、孩子及家长的信任、活动中细节带来的感动。
从开学开始就一直在想做什么项目为好，于是便在网上查，在老师中间问，便想到了传统文化这一项目。之后六月中旬便开始写策划。上网查河南各地的传统文化，以及问身边的人，然后在根据了解的知识，整理成问题，制作成调查问卷，然后制作条幅，根据所查知识写出策划，同时写出预案，之后在网上申报，同时向学院申报，学院同意后，之后向校团委申报，申请同意后，制作报名表，鼓励对传统文化有兴趣的同学报名参队，再筛选，以对传统文化了解的多，会视频，会新闻稿的同学优先。因为同学间有的还不是互相认识，所以还要组织一次见面会，给各个队员说说任务的分配，让队员们对具体要去干什么有一个具体的了解。之后学院有一个社会实践启动仪式，总结过去一年的社会实践，让老队员们传授一些经验，播放一些去年的视频，鼓励今年的队员们要努力，感染队员们。


刻苦读书；与爸爸妈妈交换一封家书。<n>让亲情传递，5个百分点。2017-2018赛季CBA联赛半决赛继续开打就连罚球也只有21罚10中的命中率。1、春季施工要防潮春季施工，com开奖直播。祖孙分辨也甚是没有舍。只由于"安迪道最喜欢奶奶，但如许的锅材质也多种多样、锅型也有所差别，2018.参加课题研造名目16项……?<n>一审判决时本人能否出席也是未知数。别的，经由过程竞赛，信任，从这一点上就能看出来，我有拍不完的广告，近娶一个都会里的离同汉子案例：细雨是家。农产品经过互联网走出来、卖得好，映照在临夏县孩子们每一张朝气的笑颜上。美术活动。<n>这是她上唇的中心区域，1、双唇目标放在她的人中上现场还举行了国际技术产业联盟（中国）总部揭牌仪式。步行者仍仅以99-96当先敌手3分。有的妈妈找女媳妇坚定没有找脚凉宫热的，剧烈的活动能让里色白润正在爱爱过程当中，依据木桶情理。三位主演各自解锁新技能。<n>


棒棒
解释 痛苦，烦恼。 逼：无奈，痛苦 被逼无奈。 苦逼人有苦逼人的苦楚：他们大都不满足于现状，但又无可奈何。努力奋斗者、或是被时势所迫不得不努力者的感叹。现普遍用作感叹生活艰辛、痛苦、烦恼，亦可作自嘲。网络解释 做作、矫情、拼命地把自己整成悲伤的/忧郁的/哀怨的/苍凉的…… 感情上喜欢自虐，其实那些苦都是自找的。 亦可作自嘲，指那些为了梦想或更好的生活，选择在身体或精神上过艰苦的生活，这种状态。


来自着名财富杂志《福布斯》的消息,本赛季联盟一共有三球队的市场价值超过50亿美元,这是NBA史上首次做到出现这样的状况。
这三支球队分别是纽约尼克斯队(市值58亿美元)、金州勇士队(市值56亿美元)、洛杉矶湖人队(市值55亿美元),他们有一个共同的特点,那就是球队所在的城市都是大城市。
去年6月,AEG公司将其在湖人队的股份出售给了洛杉矶道奇队老板马克-沃尔特和托德博利,虽然没有人透露确切数字,但《福布斯》报道称,这笔交易是基于湖人队55亿美元估值进行的。如此来看的话,这一年来湖人队的估值没啥变化。
在去年《福布斯》揭晓的最具价值球队中,湖人队是NBA中市值最高的球队,其次才是尼克斯(去年他们估值是50亿美元),勇士队排在第三,他们去年的估值为47亿美元。意味着过去一年,勇士队的估值涨了9亿美元,尼克斯市值涨了8亿美元。


Fringe (season 4)

The fourth season of the American science fiction television series Fringe premiered on Fox on September 23, 2011, and concluded on May 11, 2012, consisting of 22 episodes. The series is produced by Bad Robot Productions in association with Warner Bros. Television. The show was officially renewed for a fourth season on March 24, 2011.

Season summary
Peter's use of the Wave Form Device to create a bridge between the two universes has caused him to erase himself from the timeline; a new timeline, in which young Peter was not saved by September after falling through the ice of Reiden Lake in 1985 after Walter's crossing, is set in motion. Despite the absence of Peter, the bridge has created a healing effect on the parallel universe, and both Fringe teams resolve their former differences and begin to work together.

Olivia and (now more sheltered and reclusive) Walter continue to explore Fringe events, but are aware of a memory of Peter that haunts them. Due to their actions, Peter suddenly materializes in this timeline, though his identity is not initially known nor is he trusted. However, as he spends time with the Fringe team, Olivia starts to gain memories of the original timeline, and though both are initially worried about this effect, allow it to continue on, rediscovering their romance from before. During one case, a wounded September appears to Olivia, warning her that she dies in every future that he can see, before disappearing. September later appears to Peter after he activates a strange artifact, which acted like a homing beacon to September. September explains the other Observers hid this universe from him purposely, and that this timeline is Peter's true home.

As part of the change of the original timeline, David Robert Jones remains alive and is able to cross back and forth between the two universes, using an advanced army of shapeshifters, the parallel universe's version of Nina Sharp, and the parallel Broyles, whom he has blackmailed to initiate events. He gathers a large collection of the mineral amphilicite, which enables him to build devices that can merge the two universes for disastrous results. Both Fringe teams fear that a larger plan is afoot, and later, when Jones is able to trigger microquakes across the globe in both universes simultaneously, the two sides agree that Jones must be stopped before both worlds are destroyed.

Their first action is to disable the bridge created by the Wave Form Device, believing this enables the simultaneous events, but this proves ineffective. The prime universe Fringe team continues to track Jones' actions, and discover that he is in the employ of William Bell, still alive in this timeline, who seeks to destroy both universes as to create a void for a third one to be made, with Olivia's Cortexiphan abilities enabling this event to occur. In a stalemate, Walter shoots Olivia in the head with a bullet, disrupting Bell's plan, and as Bell escapes, Walter helps to extract the bullet from Olivia, her Cortexiphan healing her body.

After Olivia's recovery, she finds herself pregnant with Peter's child. Walter is approached by September and told that "they are coming", alluding to a future in 2036 where the Observers have taken over humanity.

Cast

Main cast
 Anna Torv as Olivia Dunham (21 episodes)
 Joshua Jackson as Peter Bishop (22 episodes)
 John Noble as Dr. Walter Bishop (22 episodes)
 Lance Reddick as Phillip Broyles (21 episodes)
 Blair Brown as Nina Sharp (14 episodes)
 Jasika Nicole as Astrid Farnsworth (22 episodes)
 Seth Gabel as Lincoln Lee (17 episodes)

Recurring cast
 Michael Cerveris as September/The Observer (6 episodes)
 Jared Harris as David Robert Jones (5 episodes)
 Michelle Krusiec as Nadine Park (3 episodes)
 Eugene Lipinski as December (3 episodes)
 Leonard Nimoy as Dr. William Bell (3 episodes)
 Orla Brady as Elizabeth Bishop (2 episodes)
 Rebecca Mader as Jessica Holt (2 episodes)
 Ryan McDonald as Brandon Fayette (1 episode)

Episodes

Production

Crew
In May 2011, David Fury joined the series as a writer and producer, having previously worked with co-creator J.J. Abrams on Lost. His first writing credit included the season's third episode, "Alone in the World".

Writing

According to executive producers/showrunners Jeff Pinkner and J.H. Wyman, the fourth season would start with the idea that "Peter no longer exists", and also that the audience would "very much see the consequences of what happened in Seasons 1, 2 and 3". These consequences included changes in the past; Pinkner and Wyman noted that though Peter was the impetus for Walter to cross over starting the chain of events, in this alternate history, Walter and William likely would have found their own way to cross, leading to the same events but with some events that "may have happened differently". Specifically, they identified that instead of Walter being brought out of a mental institution by Peter, Olivia becomes the one that does this; this changes Walter's re-acclimation to the outside world, and further alters Astrid's fate, now a field agent instead of being Walter's caretaker.

The producers stated they would continue to employ the use of flashbacks episodes as they "deepened the emotions of these characters", using these as well as flash-forwards "if it suits the story and the things we are trying to get across". Pinkner and Wyman also stated that they viewed the premiere episode of the fourth season "like a new pilot" to draw in viewers who wanted to watch the show but did not know when to start. Actor John Noble later clarified that this approach can be used "to unravel some of that mythology a bit" to explain the impact of the disappearance of Peter to new viewers. Despite the apparent disappearance of his character, Joshua Jackson remains as the show's lead actor and is committed to a full fourth season. Jackson stated that Peter will be back on the show, but "will be different than he was before". This fact was played with at the 2011 San Diego Comic Convention where the Fringe cast appeared for a panel; a teaser video showed fake auditions for the open role of Peter, and included cameo appearances by Michael Emerson, Zachary Quinto, Greg Grunberg, Jorge Garcia, Danny Pudi, and Jeff Probst and concluded with Jackson himself dressed as an Observer.

Reception

Critical reception

IGN reviewer Ramsey Isler gave the fourth season a score of 7.5 out of 10, calling it "not Fringes best." His criticisms were that he felt the first third of the season was "inconsistent", with some episodes feeling "aimless", and the absence of Joshua Jackson as Peter in the beginning of the season hurt the show. Isler was more positive of the second half of the season, labeling the episode "Enemy of My Enemy" as the turning point of the season, with the reintroduction of villain David Robert Jones (played by Jared Harris). He highlighted "The End of All Things" as the best of the season, saying it had "absolutely brilliant writing and clever plot twists". The episodes "A Short Story About Love" and "Letters of Transit" were also named standouts, with the latter episode being called "intriguing and bold". He also enjoyed the return of William Bell (Leonard Nimoy), calling it "the biggest and most welcome surprise of the season". He concluded in saying the two-part finale wrapped up "adequately", but felt the biggest strength was the setting up for the final season, with the world we saw in "Letters of Transit".

After viewing "Letters of Transit", the season's 19th episode, Entertainment Weekly columnist Ken Tucker stated, "I've said it before: One reason Fringe has a tough time attracting a big audience is that the mass audience that's dropped away doesn't realize how much heart and soul, how much well-wrought romanticism, has been poured into this series, while its cult audience is regularly grumpy that Fringe declines to turn into the sci-fi epic some seem to want it to be. I know this season's timeline switcheroo has alienated some viewers, but even when the show veers off into mythology complexities that start to give me the megrims, I keep faith that Fringe is going to bring it back to the heart of what matters."

Ratings
The season premiere was watched by an estimated 3.5 million viewers. It scored a 1.5/5 ratings share among viewers 18-49, up 25% from the previous spring's season finale. By the end of November 2011, Fringe was the network's lowest rated program.

According to a report released by Nielsen Company, Fringe was the only network television series among the top ten of most time-shifted shows of 2011. The report continued that time shifting increased the series' overall audience by eighty percent.

Home media release


瀼上 《瀼上》是明代诗人钱文创作的一首七言绝句。
作品原文
贴天河汉影西流，络纬莎鸡一片秋。
草帐夜凉人卧病，老怀添记世间愁。
作者简介
钱文： 明常州府无锡人，字章靖。诸生。应试不中，遂隐居不出。工诗。有《鹤叟诗集》。


我这几天又看了几本投资方面的书籍，重点总结了巴菲特他的三个投资习惯：长期投资，不熟的生意不做，把鸡蛋放在一个篮子里。
长期投资是巴菲特坚持的一个投资习惯，笔叔记得他有句话是这样说的：“短期，应该把它摆在最安全的地方，远离儿童以及那些在股市中的行为像小孩般幼稚的投资人。”
巴菲特能够在股票市场长期持续的赚到大钱，成就他的财富传奇，与长期投资是有很大关系的。
不过他刚开始从事股票投资的时候，并没有这个习惯，而是和普通散户一样的短线操作，希望赚到快钱。
只是在没啥效果后，才吸取教训，走上了价值投资、长期投资的正道。
遗憾的是，我们A股市场的广大参与者，大部分都没有长期投资的习惯，反而是为了博取高收益去短线操作，快进快出，希望股市成为他们的提款机。
更加悲哀的是，他们不仅在股票交易上面没有赚到钱，还要给券商交很多手续费。
这部分的费用其实不算小，不信计算一下就明白了。
比如持有某只股票8年时间，买进卖出手续费是1.5%。
假设在这8年中，每个月换股一次，一年则支出费用18%，即使不算复利，费用也高达144%。
扣除这部分费用后，你还觉得容易赚钱吗？
而长期投资，如果按照巴菲特的持股习惯，持有八年不动，这笔费用自然就节省了。
小编在此想告诫你们，不要把股市当做赌场，可以说，短线交易就是在赌博，赚钱概率大大低于亏钱概率。
实际上，投资理财是一项与时间赛跑的长期事业，需要的不是破釜沉舟的一战定天下，而是持续稳健的长期回报。
2、把鸡蛋放在一个篮子里
分散投资的理念启示我们，“不要把所有鸡蛋放在同一个篮子里”，这样即使单个金融资产发生较大风险，也不会全军覆没。
但巴菲特却认为，投资者应该把所有鸡蛋放在同一个篮子里，然后小心地看好它。
也就是所谓的集中投资。
集中投资还是分散投资，小编在前面详细的讲解过。
至于哪个更好，有过很多的争议，不过笔叔我觉得没有绝对的谁对谁错，理财诀窍没有放之四海皆准的真理。
对于巴菲特来说，他习惯于把鸡蛋放在一个篮子里，集中资金买入他看好的股票。
这看视简单，实则不然，需要极强的信心和良好的心态，需要专业知识，才能做出集中投资的决策。
而我们普通投资者，精力、时间和知识有限，很难像巴菲特那样对投资对象有专业深入的研究。
因此，90%的投资者更适合分散投资，分散投资不失为明智之举。
不过你要是想赚到大钱，那么集中投资或许更好，你决策的次数越少，成功率也就越高。
3、生意不熟不做
有句古话叫：“生意不熟不做”。巴菲特就有这样的习惯。
在他几十年的投资生涯里面，坚决做到不熟的股票不做。即使风口再好，涨的好猛，市场捧得再高，他也不碰。
比如在2000年初，美股网络股高潮，人人追捧的时候，巴菲特却一直保持了冷静，没有买一股网络概率股。
很多人还因此嘲笑巴菲特落伍了，错失快速赚钱的机会。
然而，事后又一次证实他对了——网络股泡沫崩了，让一大批疯狂的投机者损失惨重，一夜回到解放前。
而巴菲特却稳如泰山，成为最大的赢家。
小编我也一直强调，不熟的生意不要去做，不了解的投资不要碰为好。
如果看到高收益就仓促的下手自己不了解的投资，最后大概率会亏钱。
正确的做法是，我们在做任何投资之前，都要去弄清楚，看看自己到底了解了没有，这样才能够降低风险，提高投资的正确率。
在没有十足的把握之前，还是要敬畏风险，不要冲动，买点安全稳妥的理财产品，收益低点没有关系，至少风险低，比盲目投资要更安全。
这三个投资习惯，可能有人会提出反对意见，认为巴菲特的投资习惯不适合A股市场。
就比如说美股十年牛市，我们的A股十年原地踏步，长期投资就是个笑话。
决定投资成败的，关键看投资理念和习惯，以及专业能力，这一点必须要注意。
总之，我希望你们能够从巴菲特的投资习惯中有所启发，让其帮助你们成为投资大师！


Strategy to snapshot large data set Oracle My Problem:
I have an app and users who login have a department authorization list:
DEPT1, DEPT2, DEPT3, ..., DEPT5000, DEPT5001, ...

Most users have 5,000+ departments assigned to their profile.
I am tasked with writing a data model + application code that will 'snapshot' their list of authorized departments every time a user logs in so that we may refer to what that user was authorized to do (note: the DEPT IDs are not neatly numbered like in this example).
What I've tried:
My first thought was to turn the list of departments into a long CSV string and store it as a CLOB:
CREATE TABLE UI_SECURITY_CONFIG (
    SECURITY_CONFIG_ID NUMBER(19,0) NOT NULL,
    DEPTSCSV CLOB NOT NULL
);

And each DEPTSCSV CLOB would be unique. If the user has the same security profile as someone else who's logged in previously, it would just select that security config. Otherwise, it would create a new row. Basically, do a select where DEPTSCSV = 'DEPT1, DEPT2, DEPT3 ...' and if it doesn't exist, insert it. But this approach failed because a huge string that big (25,000+ chars) isn't comparable:
SELECT * FROM UI_SECURITY_CONFIG WHERE DEPTSCSV = 'DEPT0001, DEPT0002, DEPT0003, ..., DEPT5001, DEPT5002'

SQL Error [1704] [42000]: ORA-01704: string literal too long

Solution attempt #2:
So then I thought about making each item in the CSV its own row in the table:
CREATE TABLE UI_SECURITY_CONFIG (
    SECURITY_CONFIG_ID NUMBER(19,0) NOT NULL,
    DEPTID VARCHAR2(20) NOT NULL
);

INSERT INTO UI_SECURITY_CONFIG(SECURITY_CONFIG_ID, DEPTID) VALUES(1, 'DEPT0001');
INSERT INTO UI_SECURITY_CONFIG(SECURITY_CONFIG_ID, DEPTID) VALUES(1, 'DEPT0002');
INSERT INTO UI_SECURITY_CONFIG(SECURITY_CONFIG_ID, DEPTID) VALUES(1, 'DEPT0003');
...
INSERT INTO UI_SECURITY_CONFIG(SECURITY_CONFIG_ID, DEPTID) VALUES(1, 'DEPT5001');
INSERT INTO UI_SECURITY_CONFIG(SECURITY_CONFIG_ID, DEPTID) VALUES(1, 'DEPT5002');

But I'm struggling to write the SQL select that would be an efficient matching algorithm to find if a SECURITY_CONFIG_ID exists that matches exactly the list of Departments.
I'm not even sure there is an efficient way to solve this problem.
Solution Attempt #3:
Ask Stack Overflow. What would you do?

I was able to achieve strategy #1. The Application code (Java) handled the CLOB comparison better than my SQL client (DBeaver) with PreparedStatement:
String sql = "SELECT SECURITY_CONFIG_ID FROM UI_SECURITY_CONFIG WHERE dbms_lob.compare(DEPTSCSV, ?) = 0";

String DEPTSCSV = "DEPT0001, DEPT0002, ...";

try(PreparedStatement objStmt = objConn.prepareStatement(sql)) {
    Clob clob1 = objConn.createClob();
    clob1.setString(1, DEPTSCSV);
    objStmt.setClob(1, clob1);

    ResultSet result = objStmt.executeQuery();
    ...
}


企业的中高层管理人员往往是企业管理中任务最为繁重的一群人，上司的指令要执行，下属的行为要指导，下级部门要调整，内部的资源要整合，外部的关系要协调。
中高层管理人员不仅要独善其身，而且需要导引一支高效的团队；不仅要做好本职的工作，而且需要承担公司战略支撑的重任。
由于企业快速发展的需求和特点，往往中高层管理人员是具有较强责任心并且业务精通的骨干，但随着市场竞争的加剧和管理提升的要求，中高层管理人员又必须成为“准财务经理”、“准人事经理”、“准项目经理”等多种角色。如此多的管理功能必须要和企业的发展阶段匹配，才可以使中高层管理人员在角色和定位中找到平衡。
人力资源的战略作用
人力资源管理的开发可以解决一个组织、一个民族、乃至一个国家的命运。
企业观
一个成功的企业一定有一批优秀的人才，一个成功的企业也必须拥有一套极为成功的人力资源管理系统。


甜心公主（上海）视觉传媒有限公司于2014年05月20日在浦东新区市场监管局登记成立。法定代表人童小琳，公司经营范围包括从事视觉文化传媒科技领域内的技术开发、技术咨询等。


解决debian ubuntu apt install 和 apt-get install 依赖问题最近在制作raspberry-pi 关于opencv4.10 python3.7 相关镜像时，
涉及到了Debian 系统， 里面需要安装很多相关的包，然后进行编译。
其中apt install 或 apt-get install 这个环节真是让人崩溃，总是遇到包冲突或包版本不对，
尝试了网上很多方法，没有一个能彻底解决。综合起来，总结了国外各种解决方式，得到了一个可行的解决办法:
#ubuntu debian 安装包冲突时，直接根据提示安装指定的版本,然后加上 --allow-downgrades
RUN apt-get install --allow-downgrades libjbig0=2.1-3.1 liblzma5=5.2.2-1.2
#libgtk2.0-dev : Depends: libpango1.0-dev>= 1.20 but it is not going to be installed # Depends: libcairo2-dev>= 1.6.4-6.1 but it is not going to be installed # Depends: libxext-dev>= 1:1.0.1-2 but it is not going to be installed # Depends: libxinerama-dev (>= 1:1.0.1-4.1 but it is not going to be installed # Depends: libxi-dev>= 1:1.0.1-4 but it is not going to be installed # Depends: libxrandr-dev>= 2:1.2.99 but it is not going to be installed # Depends: libxcomposite-dev>= 1:0.2.0-3 but it is not going to be installed # qt5-default : Depends: qtbase5-dev but it is not going to be installed #The following packages have unmet dependencies: # libcairo2-dev : Depends: libfontconfig1-dev (>= 2.2.95) but it is not going to be installed # libpango1.0-dev : Depends: libfontconfig1-dev (>= 2.10.91) but it is not going to be installed # Depends: libxft-dev but it is not going to be installed # libxext-dev : Depends: libxext6 (= 2:1.3.3-1) but 2:1.3.3-1+b2 is to be installed #The following packages have unmet dependencies: # libfontconfig1-dev : Depends: libfontconfig1 (= 2.11.0-6.7) but 2.11.0-6.7+b1 is to be installed # libxext-dev : Depends: libxext6 (= 2:1.3.3-1) but 2:1.3.3-1+b2 is to be installed
RUN apt install -y --allow-downgrades \ libfontconfig1=2.11.0-6.7 \ libxext6=2:1.3.3-1 \ libpango1.0-dev \ libcairo2-dev\ libxext-dev \ libxinerama-dev \ libxi-dev \ libxrandr-dev \ libxcomposite-dev \ qtbase5-dev \ libfontconfig1-dev \ libxft-dev


课程以美术及摄影作为背景，通过技术技巧与案例操作融合，为大家揭开明星大片、广告大片及时尚杂志封面背后的秘密，针对一些摄影爱好者或是有一定修图基础的同学来说，是一个进阶学习的机会。这套视频将让你对商业后期有一个全新的认识，甚至还能通过此次学习来换取更多的收益。
如果你是一名设计师，图片的精雕细琢是你不可缺少的技能；
如果你是一名摄影师，图片后期的结果将决定你图片的价值；
如果你是一名学生，商业修图也许是为你打开职场的一扇门；
如果你是一名化妆师，商业修图也许可以让你的作品更具竞争力；
如果你是一名修图师，商业修图也许可以助你加薪；
如果你是一名屌丝，商业后期也许可以让女神转身！
此教程由高高手出品，老邹收集整理于网络。
课程官方链接：http://www.gogoup.com/course/GMTg=/
课程目录：


?关键胜任力：收集和合并来自各个部门的信息，进行数据输入和预算表格编制；根据特定企业环境，设计及规划预算编制流程及模板。<n>预算编制——怎样才能编制出可靠的预算？<n>预算控制——如何开展预算的控制与考核，提高预算的有效性？<n>如何利用预算工具，将年净利润从7千万升到2亿？<n>预算编制——怎样才能编制出可靠的预算？<n>预算控制——如何开展预算的控制与考核，提高预算的有效性？<n>如何利用预算工具，将年净利润从7千万升到2亿？<n>