# Projectile
Projectiles are any objects thrown or kicked by you or a monster, or shot with a launcher. Related but separate are ranged weapons, which are weapons monsters will attack you with from a distance.
To throw a projectile you can either throw t it, or quiver Q a stack of it and then fire f from that stack. There is no bonus or penalty for using the fire command; it is merely a convenience. (Gold is an exception.)
The autoquiver option can make firing simpler and works only with f.
A greased projectile has a chance of slipping when thrown or fired.  A cursed projectile may also slip or misfire.

Contents

1 Thrown objects
2 Launchers and their ammunitions
3 Breakage

3.1 Longevity

4 Multishot
5 Launchers and missiles in melee
6 Wishing
7 Strategy
8 References

Thrown objects
Any item can be thrown (and thus be considered a projectile) if the entity throwing it is strong enough. Use the throw command to provide a list of readily-thrown items. You can expand this list to include your entire inventory by pressing *.
Some objects however are designed to be thrown:

boomerangs
daggers
darts
javelins
knives
shuriken
spears
The artifact weapon Mjollnir requires a strength of 25 to throw.[1] If thrown by a Valkyrie, it will usually return to her hand.[2] If that fails or if you are blind, fumbling, confused, stunned, or hallucinating[3][4] Mjollnir falls at your feet or you get hit.
Since 3.6.1 the humble aklys is a proper thrown weapon with a Mjollnir-like behavior. It has no strength or role requirements but also averages far less damage (including possibly to yourself) than the artifact. Some roles restricted in ranged weapon fighting but with the club skill may find it useful.
These objects are unaffected by the use of a launcher.

Launchers and their ammunitions
Other objects, called ammunition projectiles, or shot projectiles, are designed to be used with a launcher.

Launchers and their ammunitions

Launcher
Ammunition allowed

Sling

rocks, gems, flint stones, and other gray stones

Bow

arrows, elven arrows, orcish arrows, silver arrows, and ya.

Crossbow

crossbow bolts

To get the most out of the ammunition projectiles, you need to wield w the corresponding launcher before attempt to shoot the projectiles. Then you may throw t or quiver Q and fire f them just as you would the thrown projectiles.
These shot projectiles can also be thrown in the absence of a launcher, but they will be less effective.

Breakage
Some projectiles may break (or mulch) when they score a hit. Misses and projectiles that do not cross paths with any monsters never break. 
Glass objects, including potions, may also break when thrown regardless of whether they hit anything, but this is handled by a different code path which prints "An <object> shatters into a thousand pieces!". Other projectile breakage of non-fragile objects is silent and prints nothing.
The projectiles subject to breaking are:

arrows, orcish arrows, elven arrows, silver arrows, and ya
crossbow bolts
darts
shuriken
all gems, rocks, and flint stones
All other thrown objects, such as daggers, spears, javelins, knives, boomerangs, and the other gray stones, never break when thrown.
Blessing these projectiles lowers the chance of them breaking by an amount that depends on your Luck. Enchanting them also reduces this chance. Stones and gems cannot be enchanted, but if they are blessed they will benefit from the reduced chance of breaking due to Luck.
The chance of breakage can be calculated as follows:

Compute chance = 3 + erosion - enchantment, where erosion is 3 if thoroughly eroded, 2 if very eroded, 1 if just eroded, and 0 otherwise.  If the projectile has both types of erosion for its material, use the greater erosion only; erosions do not stack.
If chance is at least 2, the projectile has a (chance-1)/chance chance of breakage.  Otherwise, it has a 1/4 chance. This effectively means that all non-eroded projectiles that are +2 or higher will always have this base 1/4 chance of breakage; enchanting it further will not help.
If the projectile is blessed, it further decreases the chance of breaking, dependent on the character's luck. Specifically, if rnl(4) evaluates to 0, the projectile will not break. \[5\]  Multiply the value from step 2 by the value from the table below.  The result is the total chance of the projectile breaking.

Luck Range

Approximate chance of breakage (rnl(4) &gt; 0)

-13 to -1

99.3%

0 to 1

75%

2 to 4

50.5%

5 to 7

26.2%

8 to 13

1.8%

Longevity
If you have  projectiles and  is the chance of a projectile breaking on a single hit, the chance of the stack of projectiles lasting exactly  hits (where ) is:

The median total number of uses you will get is approximately a little less than

For instance, if you have 50 projectiles, each with a 25% chance of breaking on each hit, you will get around 200 hits out of them. However, the distribution is fairly wide, so results may vary significantly.

Multishot
Main article: Multishot
Multiple daggers, darts, shuriken, arrows, crossbow bolts, spears, gems, rocks, and gray stones can be fired or thrown in one turn.

Launchers and missiles in melee
If a launcher (bow, sling, or crossbow), a launcher's ammo (arrow, bolt, etc.), or a missile (boomerang, shuriken, dart) is used in melee, only 1d2 damage is usually done (regardless of enchantment), and the skill will not be trained.\[6\]

Wishing
Main article: Wish\#Quantity
All forms of arrows, as well as darts, crossbow bolts, shuriken, boomerangs, and rocks may be wished for up to 20 at a time. Gems and gray stones cannot be wished for in this way. (Note that this is generally not an effective use of wishes, although silver arrows may be an exception under some circumstances.)

Strategy
In fact, anything can be used as a projectile. Cockatrice eggs make popular missiles, and so do various potions. (Bashing monsters with a wielded one is more likely to score a hit, and will not petrify you.)
Projectiles are good for softening targets from afar. Almost anything can even be shot and thrown past boulders, which is often advantageous in Sokoban. There is a major exception: when you are levitating, you cannot throw arrows or crossbow bolts past boulders unless you are wielding the appropriate launcher.
You can throw almost anything at floating eyes or other enemies with only a passive attack (even your primary weapon, just be careful) if you lack the resistances needed to attack them in melee.
To exercise your skill with a projectile weapon designed to be thrown or shot from a launcher, you must throw t or fire f it and successfully hit an enemy, dealing at least 1 damage. Spears, javelins, knives, aklyses and daggers are the exceptions. Those skills are also exercised by wielding the weapon and striking foes in melee.

This page is a stub. Should you wish to do so, you can contribute by expanding this page.

A user has suggested improving this page or section as follows:
"Something should be added, at least about skills. Exactly how does enhancing skill effect missile use? Does the damage you deal when wielding an arrow increase with higher bow skill? Perhaps the strategy section could feature more inter-missile comparisons?"

References

↑ dothrow.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 85

↑ dothrow.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 1021

↑ dothrow.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 867

↑ dothrow.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 1026

↑ dothrow.c in NetHack 3.6.0, line 1522: Breakage: Blessed projectiles

↑ uhitm.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 568

This page may need to be updated for the current version of NetHack.
It may contain text specific to NetHack 3.4.3. Information on this page may be out of date.
Editors: After reviewing this page and making necessary edits, please change the {{nethack-343}} tag to the current version's tag or {{noversion}} as appropriate.

</object>