# Scare
In NetHack, scaring monsters causes them to flee, which can be useful in many cirumstances. A fleeing monster will generally try to move away from your position in a random direction. However, it can still use ranged attacks, including offensive wands and breath weapons - it will even use melee&nbsp;attacks if the monster happens to be next to you and cannot get away. Followers that are scared will not pursue you down or up stairs.
Technically, NetHack has two different properties: "scared" and "fleeing", with the fleeing behavior being what players generally see. A fleeing monster has a 4% chance to recover per monster move, unless it has a predetermined duration.[1] A monster that is "scared" cannot attack; this status property can be seen via probing (e.g. by a stethoscope). It typically lasts as long as the monster is next to Elbereth, the player is playing a tooled horn,&nbsp;or similar.[2]

The following information pertains to an upcoming version (NetHack 3.7.0). If this version is now released, please verify that it is still accurate, then update the page to incorporate this information.

Scared hostile monsters that cannot move away will attack. (commit 82f0b1e8)
Contents

1 Methods
2 Effect
3 Strategy
4 References

Methods
This table does not describe every nuance of each method; see the pages of the individual methods for full details.

Method

Monster can resist?

Turns

Advantages

Limitations

Sanctuary in a co-aligned temple[3]

N

1–10 (6⁄7)1–100 (1⁄7)

Most comprehensive effect.

Does not work on A angelic beings, @&nbsp;high priests, or &amp; the Riders, as well as any minions sent by a god. Does not work if you have sinned or worse. Affects only hostile monsters.

Stand on Elbereth[4]

N

1–10 (6⁄7)1–100 (1⁄7)

No tools or skills required, although some items increase its reliability.

Requires suitable terrain. You cannot engrave with anything (other than certain wands) while levitating. Will eventually degrade. Does not work on blinded creatures with eyes, @ humans or elves, A angelic beings, H&nbsp;minotaurs, or &amp; Riders. Does not work in Gehennom or the Endgame. Breaks illiterate conduct if you engrave it yourself. Affects only hostile monsters.

Stand on a dropped scroll of scare monster[5]

N

1–10 (6⁄7)1–100 (1⁄7)

Fast deployment. Portable. Using it does not break illiterate conduct.

Requires suitable terrain. Needs to be re-blessed to be reusable. Can be burned by fire. Does not work on the Wizard of Yendor, A angelic beings, or &amp; Riders.

Read a noncursed scroll of scare monster[6]

Y

Untimed

Can affect any monster.

Uses up scroll. Breaks illiterate conduct.

Cast cause fear[7]

Y

Untimed

Can affect any monster.

Improvise on a tooled horn or an uncharged frost horn or fire horn[8]

Y

Untimed

Always available once acquired. Can affect any monster. Works while engulfed. Tool can be used to play passtune.

Awakens sleeping monsters. Instruments cannot be used underwater. Abuses wisdom.

Apply a leather drum[9]

Y

Untimed

Always available once acquired. Can affect any monster. Works while engulfed. Larger area of effect than a tooled horn.

Awakens sleeping monsters. Instruments cannot be used underwater. Abuses wisdom.

Apply a drum of earthquake[10]

Y

Untimed

Affects entire level when charged. Works while engulfed. Works as leather drum once charges are used.

Creates an earthquake when charged. Awakens sleeping monsters. Instruments cannot be used underwater.

Blind a monster by applying an expensive camera or breaking a wand of light[11]

N

1–100 (1⁄4)Untimed (3⁄4)

Constant 25% chance of failure. Does not affect shopkeepers, y lights, A&nbsp;archons, or monsters that are blind, have no eyes, or are protected from blinding by an artifact. Attack blinds the affected monster. Cameras cannot be used  underwater.

Apply a mirror at a monster[12]

N

2d4

Always available once acquired. Some useful special cases.

Cannot affect humanoid monsters, blind monsters (with or without eyes), u unicorns, or sleeping monsters. Constant 20% chance of failure. Some useless special cases. Mirrors do not work underwater.

Hit the monster with Magicbane[13]

Y (1⁄2)N (1⁄2)

3

Always available once acquired. Can affect any monster. Works while engulfed.

The effect occurs only occasionally, and you cannot choose when.

Use turn undead ability[14]

Y

Untimed

Available only to Priests and Knights. Cannot be done in Gehennom. Works only on L M W V Z &nbsp; undead, and i &amp; demons if the player is level 16 or higher. Will destroy undead instead at higher experience levels. Makes you helpless for 5 turns, and you can be freely attacked by non-undead monsters during that time. It is therefore usually a good idea to engrave Elbereth before you begin using this ability.

Zap wand of undead turning or cast turn undead[15]

Y

Untimed

Works only on L M W V Z &nbsp; undead.

Hit undead with a clove of garlic[16]

N

2d4

Works only on L M W V Z &nbsp; undead.

Read the blessed Book of the Dead as a non-chaotic[17]

N

Untimed

Always available once acquired.

Works only on L M W V Z &nbsp; undead.

Stand on an altar[18]

N

1–10 (6⁄7)1–100 (1⁄7)

Works only on V vampires

Get the "This water gives you bad breath!" effect from a fountain[19]

N

Untimed

Affects all monsters on the level.

One of several fountain effects; cannot be predicted.

Reduce a monster to less than half hit points[20]

N

1–100 (1⁄3)Untimed (2⁄3)

Happens only 4% of the time.

Shatter a monster's weapon[21]

N

2d3

Shattering occurs at most 2.5% of the time, less if your weapon is eroded, and even upon a successful shattering the monster only flees 75% of the time. You must be wielding a two-handed weapon and be at least skilled, or be a Samurai wielding a katana with nothing in your other hand.

Cause a monster to use a defensive item or dungeon feature[22]

N

3–33 (depends on hit points)

Usually you don't want the monster to use up (charges in) its items.

Have an item stolen by a monster[23]

N

Untimed

You must have an item stolen first.

Encounter a l&nbsp;leprechaun with more gold than you[24]

N

2

Leprechauns are not technically scared, however the intent and result are similar to the case of stealing an item, and much of the movement code is shared. It is harder to acquire the leprechaun's gold, and leprechauns are rarely dangerous anyway.

Encounter a ; sea monster out of water[25]

N

2

These creatures are vulnerable when out of water and always flee when they are.

These creatures are only ever generated to initialize watery levels. The only time you are likely to see them out of it is due to a polymorphed monster or reverse genocide.

Be healed by a @&nbsp;nurse[26]

N

3d6

Happens 1⁄33 of the time. Slows down nurse dancing.

Fail to displace a pet[27]

N

1–6

Only affects pets.

Attack a pet[28]

N

10 × (1&nbsp;− damage dealt)

Only affects pets. Attacking a pet reduces tameness. Accidentally killing your pet will reduce your alignment.

Kick a pet[29]

N

1 − damage dealt

Only affects pets. Kicking a pet reduces tameness. Accidentally killing your pet will reduce your alignment.

This page may need to be updated for the current version of NetHack.
It may contain text specific to NetHack 3.6.0. Information on this page may be out of date.
Editors: After reviewing this page and making necessary edits, please change the {{nethack-360}} tag to the current version's tag or {{noversion}} as appropriate.

Effect
If you are grabbed or engulfed by a monster, scaring it will cause it to release or expel you.[30]
A fleeing monster will usually try to get further away from you[31] unless it is trapped[32] or eating.[33] However, it will retrace its steps only around 25% of the time;[34] if you scare a monster in a narrow corridor, it will have nowhere to go and just stand still, attacking you.[35]
The following monsters have special code to handle their movements, and will not always move away from you while scared:

pets[36]
shopkeepers[37]
@&nbsp;guards[38]
covetous monsters[39]
@&nbsp;aligned priests[40]
A fleeing monster may attack you in melee if it blunders into you when you are invisible or displaced, or if it is confused, stunned, blinded,[41] or cornered. Monsters will never melee when adjacent to a square they think is protected by sanctuary, Elbereth, or a scroll of scare monster (or an altar if a vampire).[42]
Monsters will still use ranged attacks while fleeing.
A monster will stop fleeing when any time has expired. If the scaring is untimed, it will stop fleeing 4% of the time on each move it makes, if its hit points are at maximum.[43]

Strategy
There is no single perfect method of scaring enemies; all methods either allow monsters to resist or have significant exceptions. Thus it pays to keep multiple methods available. For example, sanctuary or Elbereth will not scare a ki-rin, but because this angelic being is not humanoid, applying a mirror will scare it 80% of the time. A high-level player might scare it with a spell of cause fear, but this will be successful less frequently than the humble mirror.
Typically, you can rely on Elbereth in the early game, until you start meeting hostile @ humans or elves. Lower-difficulty monsters in this group typically have little or no magic resistance and can be scared by an instrument, spell, or wand. Later in the game, higher-difficulty A angelic beings and @ humans or elves have higher resistance and are thus harder to scare; however, at that point you will not need to scare monsters as often in order to survive.
The utility of scaring a monster depends on its behavior. If you want to avoid a monster's melee attack, scaring is is very useful. This makes it ideal for creatures such as c&nbsp;cockatrices and h&nbsp;master mind flayers. Once you have magic resistance and cold resistance, however, scaring an L&nbsp;arch-lich is of dubious benefit.

References

↑ Monmove.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 357

↑ Monmove.c#line513 resets scaredness after each monster movement.

↑ Monmove.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 267: Sanctuary

↑ Monmove.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 142: Elbereth

↑ Monmove.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 140: dropped scroll of scare monster

↑ read.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 857: read scroll of scare monster

↑ read.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 858: cast cause fear

↑ Music.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 420: tooled horn

↑ Music.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 459: leather drum

↑ Music.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 447: drum of earthquake

↑ uhitm.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 2462: camera or broken wand of light

↑ apply.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 728: mirror

↑ artifact.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 854: Magicbane

↑ pray.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 1736: turn undead ability

↑ zap.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 157: spell or wand of turn undead

↑ uhitm.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 805: clove of garlic

↑ spell.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 297: blessed book of the dead

↑ monmove.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 144: altar

↑ fountain.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 326: fountain

↑ uhitm.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 445: hit points

↑ uhitm.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 634: shattered weapon

↑ muse.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 539: monster uses defensive item or feature

↑ mhitu.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 1312: monster stole from you

↑ monmove.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 737: leprechaun moves away from you

↑ mon.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 478: sea monster

↑ mhitu.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 1412: nurse

↑ uhitm.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 333: displace a pet

↑ uhitm.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 995: attack a pet

↑ dokick.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 68: kick a pet

↑ monmove.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 215: scaring a monster releases you

↑ monmove.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 716: monster runs away

↑ monmove.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 614: trapped monsters can't run away

↑ monmove.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 621: eating monsters don't run away

↑ monmove.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 935

↑ Nitrohack and DynaHack fix this bug.

↑ monmove.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 644: pets have special movement

↑ monmove.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 644: shopkeepers have special movement

↑ monmove.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 658: guards have special movement

↑ monmove.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 665: covetous monsters have special movement

↑ monmove.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 685: aligned priests have special movement

↑ monmove.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 979: impaired monsters may attack you

↑ monmove.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 548: Sanctuary, Elbereth and scare monster prevent attacks altogether

↑ monmove.c in NetHack 3.4.3, line 356: ending an untimed scare

This page may need to be updated for the current version of NetHack.
It may contain text specific to NetHack 3.4.3. Information on this page may be out of date.
Editors: After reviewing this page and making necessary edits, please change the {{nethack-343}} tag to the current version's tag or {{noversion}} as appropriate.