human
Tell me about the history of Ancient Egypt.
assistant
Ancient Egypt is one of the oldest and most influential civilizations in world history. It began in around 3150 BC along the banks of the Nile River in northern Africa and would go on to shape the cultural and political history of the Mediterranean world for thousands of years. Ancient Egyptian civilization is believed to have been founded by King Menes, who unified the Upper and Lower Nile regions, which are now called Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt. Ancient Egypt was governed as a monarchy and was divided into two kingdoms, the Old Kingdom and the New Kingdom. During the Old Kingdom, Egypt enjoyed a time of great prosperity and the construction of many famous monuments, including the Great Pyramids, the Valley of the Kings, and the Karnak Temple Complex. The period of the New Kingdom saw a decline in the power of the Pharaohs and an expansion of Egypt’s influence in the region, including Nubia. Egypt’s last period of greatness came during the Ptolemaic Dynasty, which lasted until the Roman conquest in 30 BC. After that, Egypt was ruled by the Romans and then, later, by the Islamic Caliphate. Even today, Ancient Egypt retains its historical and cultural significance, and its artifacts and monuments still attract millions of tourists each year.