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What is the difference between baking soda and baking powder?
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Baking soda is a chemical leavening agent, made up of sodium bicarbonate. It is a single-acting leavening agent, meaning it must be mixed with an acidic ingredient, such as buttermilk or lemon juice, for it to activate and cause the dough or batter to rise. Baking powder is a combination of baking soda and an acid, such as cream of tartar, that is already mixed together. When liquid is added to the baking powder mixture, the acid reacts with the baking soda and carbon dioxide is created and causes the dough or batter to rise, producing a fluffy texture.