<prompt> Hlalosa melao-motheo ea moralo oa polokelo ea litaba tsa likamano.nan  <response>: Instruction in English: Describe the design principles of a relational database. . Response in English: A relational database is a database management system where data is stored in the form of tables, and the relationships between entities are defined through the use of keys and constraints. This design is based on a series of principles that govern the organization, structure and functionality of the system. These principles are:1. Data Structure and Organization: A relational database organizes data into tables, where each table represents an entity or object, and the columns represent the attributes of the object.2. Relational Model: This principle defines how tables are linked to each other to represent the relationships between the different objects in the system. This is achieved through the use of primary and foreign keys.3. Data Integrity: The relational database must ensure data consistency and correctness by implementing constraints such as unique or not-null constraints, that restrict the type of data that can be entered into the database.4. Normalization: Normalization is the process of structuring the database to minimize data redundancy and dependencies, by breaking down large tables into smaller, more manageable ones.5. ACID Properties: Relational databases follow the principles of Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability in order to maintain the integrity of the data during transactions.6. SQL Language: Structured Query Language SQL is used to manipulate and retrieve data from the relational database. It provides a declarative language for working with data that adheres to the relational model.7. Scalability and Performance: A well-designed relational database will be able to handle large amounts of data and queries efficiently, and be scalable to accommodate the growing needs of the system.In summary, the design principles of a relational database focus on organizing data in a structured way, defining relationships between entities, ensuring the integrity of data, and providing efficient and scalable methods to manipulate and retrieve data. . Response in Sesotho: Sebaka sa polokelo ea likamano ke mokhoa oa tsamaiso ea boitsebiso moo boitsebiso bo bolokoang ka mokhoa oa litafole, me likamano pakeng tsa mekhatlo li hlalosoa ka tšebeliso ea linotlolo le lithibelo. Moralo ona o ipapisitse le letoto la melao-motheo e laolang tlhophiso, sebopeho le tšebetso ea sistimi. Melao-motheo ena ke: 1. Sebopeho le Tlhophiso ea Boitsebiso: Database ea kamano e hlophisa lintlha ka litafole, moo tafole ka ngoe e emelang mokhatlo kapa ntho, me litšiea li emela litšobotsi tsa ntho. 2. Mohlala oa Kamano: Molao-motheo ona o hlalosa hore na litafole li hokahanngoa joang ho emela likamano pakeng tsa lintho tse fapaneng tsamaisong. Sena se finyelloa ka tšebeliso ea linotlolo tsa mantlha le tsa kantle ho naha. 3. Botšepehi ba Boitsebiso: Database ea kamano e tlameha ho netefatsa botsitso le ho nepahala ha data ka ho kenya tsebetsong lithibelo tse kang litšitiso tse ikhethang kapa tse sa hlokeng letho, tse thibelang mofuta oa data o ka kenngoa polokelong ea boitsebiso. 4. Ho tloaeleha: Ho tloaeleha ke mokhoa oa ho hlophisa polokelo ea boitsebiso ho fokotsa ho fokotseha ha data le ho itšetleha ka eona, ka ho pshatla litafole tse kholo ho tse nyenyane, tse laolehang haholoanyane. 5. Thepa ea ACID: Mananeo a amanang le likamano a latela melao-motheo ea Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, le Durability e le ho boloka botšepehi ba data nakong ea litšebelisano. 6. Puo ea SQL: Puo e Hlophisitsoeng ea Potso SQL e sebelisetsoa ho laola le ho fumana lintlha ho tswa ho database ea likamano. E fana ka puo ea phatlalatso bakeng sa ho sebetsa le data e khomarelang mohlala oa likamano. 7. Scalability le Tsebetso: Sebaka sa polokelo ea litaba se hlophisitsoeng hantle se tla khona ho sebetsana le lintlha tse ngata le lipotso ka mokhoa o nepahetseng, me e be scalable ho amohela litlhoko tse ntseng li eketseha tsa tsamaiso. Ka bokhutsoane, melao-motheo ea moralo oa polokelo ea litaba e shebana haholo le ho hlophisa data ka tsela e hlophisitsoeng, ho hlalosa likamano lipakeng tsa mekhatlo, ho netefatsa botsepehi ba data, le ho fana ka mekhoa e sebetsang hantle le e ka senyehang ea ho laola le ho fumana lintlha. 