<prompt> Hlahisa tlhaloso ea mahlale mabapi le ketsahalo e latelangMookoli  <response>: Instruction in English: Generate a scientific explanation of the following phenomenon . Response in English: A rainbow is an optical phenomenon caused by the reflection, refraction, and dispersion of light in water droplets in the atmosphere. This results in a spectrum of light appearing in the sky, forming the characteristic arc of colors, ranging from red on the outer edge to violet on the inner edge.To understand how a rainbow is formed, it is important to consider the behavior of light. Light is made up of a spectrum of colors, with different wavelengths. When light travels from one medium, such as air, into another medium, such as water, it is refracted, meaning its path is bent. The angle and amount of bending depend on the wavelengths of the light and the refractive index of the materials. Different colors of light have different wavelengths and are refracted by different amounts.The process of forming a rainbow begins when light enters a water droplet. The light is first refracted, separating it into its component colors. The light is then reflected off the inside of the droplet, much like a mirror. Finally, the light exits the droplet, undergoing further refraction. The combination of these processes results in the light being split, or dispersed, into its various colors, forming the characteristic spectrum of a rainbow.The shape of a rainbow is determined by the geometry of the light paths within the water droplets. When the sun is low in the sky, the light enters the droplet at a shallow angle, causing the rainbow to appear as a semicircle. The different colors of the spectrum are also dispersed to varying degrees, resulting in the red light being at the top of the arc and the violet light at the bottom.In summary, a rainbow is a beautiful optical phenomenon caused by the interaction of light with water droplets in the atmosphere. The characteristic arc of colors is formed by the refraction, reflection, and dispersion of light, resulting in the spectrum of colors that we see. . Response in Sesotho: Mookoli ke ketsahalo ea optical e bakoang ke ho bonahatsa, refraction, le ho hasana ha leseli marotholing a metsi sepakapakeng. Sena se etsa hore ho be le khanya e ngata sepakapakeng, me e etsa sebopeho sa mebala e fapaneng, ho tloha ho khubelu ho ea ka ntle ho ea ho violet karolong e ka hare. Ho utloisisa hore na mookoli o thehoa joang, ke habohlokoa ho nahana ka boitšoaro ba leseli. Leseli le entsoe ka mebala e mengata, e nang le maqhubu a sa tšoaneng. Ha leseli le tloha sebakeng se seng, se kang moea, ho ea sebakeng se seng, se kang metsi, lea kobeha, ho bolelang hore tsela ea lona e kobehile. Lehlakore le palo ea ho kobeha li itšetlehile ka bolelele ba maqhubu a leseli le index ea refractive ea lisebelisoa. Mebala e fapaneng ea khanya e na le bolelele bo fapaneng ba maqhubu me e hanngoe ka bongata bo fapaneng. Mokhoa oa ho etsa mookoli o qala ha khanya e kena ka lerotholing la metsi. Leseli le qala ho qhekelloa, le le arola ka likarolo tsa eona tsa mebala. Joale leseli le bonahatsoa ka hare ho marotholi, joalo ka seipone. Qetellong, lebone le tsoa ka hara marotholi, me le ntse le tsoaroa hape. Ho kopanngoa ha lintho tsena ho fella ka hore leseli le arohane, kapa le qhalane, le be mebala e sa tšoaneng, me le be le tšobotsi e ikhethang ea mookoli. Sebopeho sa mookoli se khethoa ke geometry ea litsela tse khanyang ka hara marotholi a metsi. Ha letsatsi le le tlaase sepakapakeng, khanya e kena ka marotholing ka lehlakoreng le sa tebang, e leng ho etsang hore mookoli o hlahe o le semicircle. Mebala e fapaneng ea spectrum e boetse e qhalakanngoa ho ea ka likhato tse sa tšoaneng, e leng se etsang hore khanya e khubelu e be ka holimo ho arc le leseli la violet ka tlase. Ka kakaretso, mookoli ke ntho e ntle ea optical e bakoang ke ho kopana ha leseli le marotholi a metsi sepakapakeng. Sebopeho sa arc ea mebala se thehoa ke ho chesoa, ho phatsima le ho hasana ha leseli, ho fella ka mebala e mengata eo re e bonang. 