<prompt> Hlalosa mohopolo oa ho otla ha pelo mabapi le taolo ea polokelo ea litaba.nan  <response>: Instruction in English: Explain the concept of a heartbeat in terms of database management. . Response in English: In the context of database management, the term heartbeat refers to a regular signal or message generated by a database server to indicate that it is still alive, operational and available to clients. This signal is usually sent at fixed intervals to other components of the system, such as a load balancer or a monitoring tool, to inform them about the current status of the server.Using this heartbeat signal, the other components of the system can check if the database server is responding and working as expected. In case the heartbeat signal is not received for a certain period of time, it may indicate that the server is down, unresponsive or not working properly. This can trigger an alert to the system administrator, who can then take appropriate action to fix the issue.In a system with multiple database servers, the heartbeat signal can also be used to manage failover and load balancing. For example, if one of the servers stops sending heartbeat signals, the load balancer can redirect traffic to the remaining servers to ensure continuous availability of the database.In summary, the concept of a heartbeat in database management is a crucial mechanism for monitoring the health and availability of database servers, and for ensuring the smooth operation of the entire system. . Response in Sesotho: Boemong ba tsamaiso ea database, lentsoe heartbeat le bolela letšoao le tloaelehileng kapa molaetsa o hlahisoang ke seva sa database ho bontša hore e ntse e phela, e sebetsa ebile e fumaneha ho bareki. Letšoao lena hangata le romelloa ka linako tse tsitsitseng ho likarolo tse ling tsa tsamaiso, tse kang tekanyo ea mojaro kapa sesebelisoa sa ho shebella, ho ba tsebisa ka boemo ba hona joale ba seva. U sebelisa letšoao lena la ho otla ha pelo, likarolo tse ling tsa tsamaiso li ka hlahloba hore na seva sa database se arabela le ho sebetsa kamoo ho lebeletsoeng kateng. Haeba pontšo ea ho otla ha pelo e sa amoheloe ka nako e itseng, e ka bontša hore seva e theohile, ha e arabele kapa ha e sebetse hantle. Sena se ka etsa tlhokomeliso ho motsamaisi oa sistimi, ea ka nkang khato e nepahetseng ho lokisa bothata. Sistimi e nang le li-server tse ngata tsa database, letsoao la ho otla ha pelo le ka boela la sebelisoa ho laola failover le ho leka-lekanya mojaro. Ka mohlala, haeba e ngoe ea li-server e emisa ho romela matšoao a ho otla ha pelo, tekanyo ea mojaro e ka tsamaisa sephethephethe ho li-server tse setseng ho netefatsa hore ho na le sebaka se sa khaotseng sa polokelo ea boitsebiso. Ka bokhutšoanyane, mohopolo oa ho otla ha pelo tsamaisong ea database ke mokhoa oa bohlokoa oa ho beha leihlo bophelo bo botle le boteng ba li-server tsa database, le ho netefatsa tsebetso e ntle ea sistimi eohle. 