<prompt> Hlalosa karolo e mahlonoko ea lefu le tebileng la ho tepella maikutlo.nan  <response>: Instruction in English: Describe the acute phase of a major depressive disorder. . Response in English: The acute phase of a major depressive disorder MDD refers to the initial stage of the illness, typically lasting for several weeks to several months. During this phase, the individual may experience a range of symptoms that can significantly impair their daily functioning. These symptoms may include pervasive feelings of sadness or hopelessness, loss of interest or pleasure in activities, changes in appetite and sleep patterns, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, difficulty concentrating, fatigue or loss of energy, and thoughts of death or suicide.In the acute phase, the goal of treatment is to alleviate the symptoms and restore the individuals ability to function normally in their personal and professional lives. This is typically achieved through a combination of medication and therapy. Antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors SNRIs, are commonly prescribed to help regulate mood and improve depressive symptoms. Psychotherapy, such as cognitive behavioral therapy CBT or interpersonal therapy IPT, can also be helpful in addressing negative thought patterns and providing individuals with strategies for managing stress and improving their mood.During the acute phase, its critical for individuals to adhere to the treatment plan prescribed by their mental health provider and keep all scheduled appointments. Its also important for them to maintain communication with their support system and to engage in self-care practices, such as getting adequate sleep, eating a healthy diet, and engaging in physical activity. With appropriate treatment and support, most individuals can successfully navigate the acute phase of MDD and begin the process of recovery. . Response in Sesotho: Karolo e mahlonoko ea boloetse bo tebileng ba ho tepella maikutlo MDD e bolela mohato oa pele oa lefu lena, hangata le nka libeke tse maloa ho isa likhoeling tse maloa. Nakong ena, motho a ka ba le matšoao a mangata a ka senyang tsebetso ea hae ea letsatsi le letsatsi haholo. Matšoao ana a ka na a akarelletsa maikutlo a atileng a ho hlonama kapa a ho felloa ke tšepo, ho felloa ke thahasello kapa thabo mesebetsing, ho fetoha ha takatso ea lijo le mokhoa oa ho robala, ho ikutloa u se na thuso kapa ho ikutloa u le molato, ho thatafalloa ho tsepamisa mohopolo, mokhathala kapa ho felloa ke matla, le menahano ea lefu kapa ho ipolaea. Mokhahlelong o hlobaetsang, sepheo sa kalafo ke ho kokobetsa matšoao le ho khutlisa bokhoni ba batho ba ho sebetsa ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng bophelong ba bona le ba setsebi. Hangata sena se finyelloa ka motsoako oa meriana le phekolo. Li-antidepressants, tse kang selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors SSRIs le serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors SNRIs, hangata li laeloa ho thusa ho laola maikutlo le ho ntlafatsa matšoao a tepeletseng maikutlo. Psychotherapy, e kang cognitive behavioral therapy CBT kapa interpersonal therapy IPT, e ka boela ea thusa ho sebetsana le mekhoa e mebe ea ho nahana le ho fa batho mekhoa ea ho laola khatello ea kelello le ho ntlafatsa maikutlo a bona. Nakong ea maemo a hlobaetsang, ho bohlokoa hore batho ba latele moralo oa kalafo o behiloeng ke mofani oa bona oa bophelo bo botle ba kelello le ho boloka linako tsohle tse reriloeng. Hape ke habohlokoa hore ba boloke puisano le tsamaiso ea bona ea tšehetso le ho etsa mekhoa ea ho itlhokomela, e kang ho robala nako e lekaneng, ho ja lijo tse phetseng hantle, le ho ikoetlisa. Ka phekolo e nepahetseng le tšehetso, batho ba bangata ba ka khona ho tsamaea ka katleho karolong e bohloko ea MDD le ho qala mokhoa oa ho hlaphoheloa. 