<prompt> Hlalosa liphello tsa ho tsuba tsamaisong ea ho hema.nan  <response>: Instruction in English: Describe the effects of smoking on the respiratory system. . Response in English: Smoking can have many harmful effects on the respiratory system. When smoke is inhaled, it irritates the delicate lining of the airways, causing them to produce mucus, which can lead to coughing, shortness of breath, and chest discomfort. Over time, smoking can damage the airways, reducing their ability to clear mucus, leading to chronic bronchitis.The chemicals in tobacco smoke can also damage the delicate structure of the lungs, causing the air sacs, or alveoli, to lose their elasticity. This makes it difficult for the lungs to expand and contract, leading to a condition called emphysema, which can make it hard to breathe. Smoking can also cause inflammation in the lungs and damage the cilia, tiny hair-like structures that help clear mucus and other foreign matter from the lungs.Additionally, smoking increases the risk of lung cancer and other respiratory diseases, such as pneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD. The risk of these diseases increases with the number of cigarettes smoked and the number of years a person has been smoking.Quit smoking can help to reverse some of the damage to the respiratory system and reduces the risk of developing respiratory diseases, although some of the damage is irreversible. . Response in Sesotho: Ho tsuba ho ka ba le liphello tse ngata tse kotsi tsamaisong ea ho hema. Ha mosi o hema, o halefisa lesela le boreleli la litselana tsa moea, o etsa hore li hlahise mamina, a ka etsang hore motho a khohlele, a hema ka thata le sefuba. Ha nako e ntse e ea, ho tsuba ho ka senya litsela tsa moea, ho fokotsa matla a bona a ho tlosa li-mucus, ho lebisa ho bronchitis e sa foleng. Likhemikhale tse mosi oa koae li ka boela tsa senya sebōpeho se pshatlehang sa matšoafo, tsa etsa hore mekotlana ea moea, kapa alveoli, e lahleheloe ke ho saroloha ha eona. Sena se etsa hore ho be thata hore matšoafo a atolohe le ho honyela, e leng se lebisang ho boemo bo bitsoang emphysema, bo ka etsang hore ho be thata ho hema. Ho tsuba ho ka boela ha baka ho ruruha matšoafong le ho senya cilia, likaroloana tse nyenyane tse kang moriri tse thusang ho tlosa mamina le lintho tse ling tse tsoang matšoafong. Ho phaella moo, ho tsuba ho eketsa kotsi ea kankere ea matšoafo le mafu a mang a ho hema, a kang pneumonia le boloetse bo sa foleng ba matšoafo COPD. Kotsi ea mafu ana e eketseha ka palo ea lisakerete tse tsubang le palo ea lilemo tseo motho a tsubang ka tsona. Ho khaotsa ho tsuba ho ka thusa ho etsolla tšenyo e itseng tsamaisong ea ho hema le ho fokotsa kotsi ea ho tšoaroa ke mafu a ho hema, le hoja tšenyo e ngoe e ke ke ea etsolloa. 