<prompt> Hlahisa tlaleho ea mahlale ea mantsoe a 900 a tšohlang litlamorao tsa ho futhumala ha lefatše Arcticnan  <response>: Instruction in English: Generate a scientific report of 900 words discussing the effects of global warming on the Arctic . Response in English: The Arctic region has been increasingly affected by global warming, a phenomenon that refers to the long-term rise in the average temperature of the Earths climate system. The impact of global warming on the Arctic is a subject of intense research, as the region is central to understanding the consequences of climate change at the global level. In this report, we discuss the specific effects that global warming has on the Arctic and its ecosystem.One of the main effects of global warming on the Arctic is the melting of the sea ice. The Arctic ocean is covered by a layer of sea ice that varies in thickness and extent depending on the season. During the past decades, satellite data has revealed a significant decline in the extent of Arctic sea ice, particularly during the summer months when the ice is at its lowest extent. The decline in sea ice has been attributed to rising temperatures caused by global warming. According to the National Snow and Ice Data Center, the decline in Arctic sea ice extent has accelerated in recent years, with the Arctic Ocean losing approximately 13.2 of its ice cover each decade. The melting of the Arctic sea ice has profound consequences for the region, as it affects the Arctic ecosystem, the ocean currents, and the global climate.Another effect of global warming on the Arctic is the thawing of the permafrost. Permafrost refers to the frozen layer of soil that covers much of the Arctic landscape. The thawing of permafrost, caused by rising temperatures, has several impacts on the Arctic environment. The first impact is the release of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane. The Arctic permafrost is estimated to contain large amounts of carbon that has accumulated over thousands of years. When this permafrost thaws, the organic matter decomposes, releasing carbon dioxide and methane into the atmosphere, further exacerbating the greenhouse effect. Moreover, the thawing of permafrost leads to the transformation of the Arctic landscape, as the frozen ground acts as a support for the soil, vegetation, and human infrastructure. With the thawing of permafrost, the ground becomes less stable, leading to landslides and the collapse of infrastructure. Furthermore, the thawing of permafrost also affects the water cycle, as it impacts the drainage and storage of water, leading to changes in wetland and lake systems.Global warming also affects the Arctic flora and fauna. The melting of sea ice, the thawing of permafrost, and the changes in temperature and precipitation patterns have . Response in Sesotho: Sebaka sa Arctic se nile sa angoa haholo ke ho futhumala ha lefatše, ketsahalo e bolelang ho phahama ha nako e telele ha mocheso o tloaelehileng oa tsamaiso ea leholimo ea Lefatše. Tšusumetso ea ho futhumala ha lefatše Arctic ke taba ea lipatlisiso tse matla, kaha sebaka sena se bohareng ba ho utloisisa liphello tsa phetoho ea maemo a leholimo boemong ba lefatše. Tlalehong ena, re tšohla liphello tse tobileng tseo ho futhumala ha lefatše ho nang le tsona ho Arctic le tikoloho ea eona. E ngoe ea liphello tse ka sehloohong tsa ho futhumala ha lefatše Arctic ke ho qhibiliha ha leqhoa la leoatleng. Leoatle la Arctic le koahetsoe ke leqhoa la leoatleng le fapaneng ka botenya le boholo ho latela nako ea selemo. Lilemong tse mashome tse fetileng, boitsebiso ba satellite bo bontšitse ho theoha ho hoholo ha leqhoa la leoatleng la Arctic, haholo-holo likhoeling tsa lehlabula ha leqhoa le le tlaase ka ho fetisisa. Ho theoha ha leqhoa la leoatleng ho bakiloe ke ho phahama ha mocheso ho bakoang ke ho futhumala ha lefatše. Ho latela National Snow and Ice Data Center, ho fokotseha ha leqhoa la leoatle la Arctic ho eketsehile lilemong tsa morao tjena, me Leoatle la Arctic le lahleheloa ke hoo e ka bang 13.2 ea leqhoa le koahelang lilemo tse leshome. Ho qhibiliha ha leqhoa la leoatleng la Arctic ho na le liphello tse tebileng sebakeng sena, kaha ho ama tikoloho ea Arctic, maqhubu a leoatle le boemo ba leholimo ba lefatše. Phello e ngoe ea ho futhumala ha lefatše Arctic ke ho qhibiliha ha serame sa permafrost. Permafrost e bolela mobu o leqhoa o koahetseng boholo ba sebaka sa Arctic. Ho qhibiliha ha permafrost, ho bakoang ke ho phahama ha mocheso, ho na le liphello tse maloa tikolohong ea Arctic. Tšusumetso ea pele ke ho lokolloa ha likhase tse futhumatsang lefatše tse kang carbon dioxide le methane. Ho hakanngoa hore Arctic permafrost e na le carbon e ngata e bokeletseng ka lilemo tse likete. Ha permafrost ena e qhibiliha, lintho tse phelang tse phelang lia bola, ebe li ntša carbon dioxide le methane sepakapakeng, e leng se mpefatsang phello ea greenhouse le ho feta. Ho feta moo, ho qhibiliha ha serame sa permafrost ho lebisa phetohong ea sebaka sa Arctic, kaha mobu o leqhoa o sebetsa e le setšehetso sa mobu, limela le lisebelisoa tsa batho. Ka ho qhibiliha ha permafrost, mobu o fetoha o sa tsitsang, o lebisang ho khoholeho ea mobu le ho putlama ha lisebelisoa. Ho feta moo, ho qhibiliha ha permafrost ho boetse ho ama potoloho ea metsi, kaha ho ama tsamaiso ea metsi le polokelo ea metsi, e leng se lebisang liphetohong tsa mekhoa ea mekhoabo le matša. Ho futhumala ha lefatše ho boetse ho ama limela le liphoofolo tsa Arctic. Ho qhibiliha ha leqhoa la leoatleng, ho qhibiliha ha serame sa permafrost, ho fetoha ha thempereichara le mokhoa oa pula. 