static int validate_table_offset(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
                                 uint64_t entries, size_t entry_len)
{
    BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
    uint64_t size;

    /* Use signed INT64_MAX as the maximum even for uint64_t header fields,
     * because values will be passed to qemu functions taking int64_t. */
    if (entries > INT64_MAX / entry_len) {
        return -EINVAL;
    }

    size = entries * entry_len;

    if (INT64_MAX - size < offset) {
        return -EINVAL;
    }

    /* Tables must be cluster aligned */
    if (offset & (s->cluster_size - 1)) {
        return -EINVAL;
    }

    return 0;
}

The product performs a calculation that can produce an integer overflow or wraparound when the logic assumes that the resulting value will always be larger than the original value. This occurs when an integer value is incremented to a value that is too large to store in the associated representation. When this occurs, the value may become a very small or negative number.