static int ram_save_setup(QEMUFile *f, void *opaque)
{
    RAMBlock *block;
    int64_t ram_bitmap_pages; /* Size of bitmap in pages, including gaps */

    mig_throttle_on = false;
    dirty_rate_high_cnt = 0;
    bitmap_sync_count = 0;

    if (migrate_use_xbzrle()) {
        XBZRLE_cache_lock();
        XBZRLE.cache = cache_init(migrate_xbzrle_cache_size() /
                                  TARGET_PAGE_SIZE,
                                  TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
        if (!XBZRLE.cache) {
            XBZRLE_cache_unlock();
            error_report("Error creating cache");
            return -1;
        }
        XBZRLE_cache_unlock();

        /* We prefer not to abort if there is no memory */
        XBZRLE.encoded_buf = g_try_malloc0(TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
        if (!XBZRLE.encoded_buf) {
            error_report("Error allocating encoded_buf");
            return -1;
        }

        XBZRLE.current_buf = g_try_malloc(TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
        if (!XBZRLE.current_buf) {
            error_report("Error allocating current_buf");
            g_free(XBZRLE.encoded_buf);
            XBZRLE.encoded_buf = NULL;
            return -1;
        }

        acct_clear();
    }

    qemu_mutex_lock_iothread();
    qemu_mutex_lock_ramlist();
    bytes_transferred = 0;
    reset_ram_globals();

    ram_bitmap_pages = last_ram_offset() >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS;
    migration_bitmap = bitmap_new(ram_bitmap_pages);
    bitmap_set(migration_bitmap, 0, ram_bitmap_pages);

    /*
     * Count the total number of pages used by ram blocks not including any
     * gaps due to alignment or unplugs.
     */
    migration_dirty_pages = 0;
    QTAILQ_FOREACH(block, &ram_list.blocks, next) {
        uint64_t block_pages;

        block_pages = block->length >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS;
        migration_dirty_pages += block_pages;
    }

    memory_global_dirty_log_start();
    migration_bitmap_sync();
    qemu_mutex_unlock_iothread();

    qemu_put_be64(f, ram_bytes_total() | RAM_SAVE_FLAG_MEM_SIZE);

    QTAILQ_FOREACH(block, &ram_list.blocks, next) {
        qemu_put_byte(f, strlen(block->idstr));
        qemu_put_buffer(f, (uint8_t *)block->idstr, strlen(block->idstr));
        qemu_put_be64(f, block->length);
    }

    qemu_mutex_unlock_ramlist();

    ram_control_before_iterate(f, RAM_CONTROL_SETUP);
    ram_control_after_iterate(f, RAM_CONTROL_SETUP);

    qemu_put_be64(f, RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS);

    return 0;
}

The product receives input or data, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the properties that are required to process the data safely and correctly.