int sock_wake_async(struct socket *sock, int how, int band)
{
	struct socket_wq *wq;

	if (!sock)
		return -1;
	rcu_read_lock();
	wq = rcu_dereference(sock->wq);
	if (!wq || !wq->fasync_list) {
		rcu_read_unlock();
		return -1;
	}
	switch (how) {
	case SOCK_WAKE_WAITD:
		if (test_bit(SOCK_ASYNC_WAITDATA, &sock->flags))
			break;
		goto call_kill;
	case SOCK_WAKE_SPACE:
		if (!test_and_clear_bit(SOCK_ASYNC_NOSPACE, &sock->flags))
			break;
		/* fall through */
	case SOCK_WAKE_IO:
call_kill:
		kill_fasync(&wq->fasync_list, SIGIO, band);
		break;
	case SOCK_WAKE_URG:
		kill_fasync(&wq->fasync_list, SIGURG, band);
	}
	rcu_read_unlock();
	return 0;
}

This vulnerability category highlights issues in resource management where failures to properly release memory, file handles, or other resources can degrade system performance or enable denial-of-service conditions.