void __init setup_log_buf(int early)
{
	unsigned long flags;
	unsigned start, dest_idx, offset;
	char *new_log_buf;
	int free;

	if (!new_log_buf_len)
		return;

	if (early) {
		unsigned long mem;

		mem = memblock_alloc(new_log_buf_len, PAGE_SIZE);
		if (!mem)
			return;
		new_log_buf = __va(mem);
	} else {
		new_log_buf = alloc_bootmem_nopanic(new_log_buf_len);
	}

	if (unlikely(!new_log_buf)) {
		pr_err("log_buf_len: %ld bytes not available\n",
			new_log_buf_len);
		return;
	}

	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&logbuf_lock, flags);
	log_buf_len = new_log_buf_len;
	log_buf = new_log_buf;
	new_log_buf_len = 0;
	free = __LOG_BUF_LEN - log_end;

	offset = start = min(con_start, log_start);
	dest_idx = 0;
	while (start != log_end) {
		unsigned log_idx_mask = start & (__LOG_BUF_LEN - 1);

		log_buf[dest_idx] = __log_buf[log_idx_mask];
		start++;
		dest_idx++;
	}
	log_start -= offset;
	con_start -= offset;
	log_end -= offset;
	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&logbuf_lock, flags);

	pr_info("log_buf_len: %d\n", log_buf_len);
	pr_info("early log buf free: %d(%d%%)\n",
		free, (free * 100) / __LOG_BUF_LEN);
}

The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary. This may result in read or write operations on unexpected memory locations that could be linked to other variables, data structures, or internal program data.