static int cqspi_set_protocol(struct spi_nor *nor, const int read)
{
	struct cqspi_flash_pdata *f_pdata = nor->priv;

	f_pdata->inst_width = CQSPI_INST_TYPE_SINGLE;
	f_pdata->addr_width = CQSPI_INST_TYPE_SINGLE;
	f_pdata->data_width = CQSPI_INST_TYPE_SINGLE;

	if (read) {
		switch (nor->flash_read) {
		case SPI_NOR_NORMAL:
		case SPI_NOR_FAST:
			f_pdata->data_width = CQSPI_INST_TYPE_SINGLE;
			break;
		case SPI_NOR_DUAL:
			f_pdata->data_width = CQSPI_INST_TYPE_DUAL;
			break;
		case SPI_NOR_QUAD:
			f_pdata->data_width = CQSPI_INST_TYPE_QUAD;
			break;
		default:
			return -EINVAL;
		}
	}

	cqspi_configure(nor);

	return 0;
}

The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary. This may result in read or write operations on unexpected memory locations that could be linked to other variables, data structures, or internal program data.