struct block_device *blkdev_get_by_path(const char *path, fmode_t mode,
					void *holder)
{
	struct block_device *bdev;
	int err;

	bdev = lookup_bdev(path);
	if (IS_ERR(bdev))
		return bdev;

	err = blkdev_get(bdev, mode, holder);
	if (err)
		return ERR_PTR(err);

	if ((mode & FMODE_WRITE) && bdev_read_only(bdev)) {
		blkdev_put(bdev, mode);
		return ERR_PTR(-EACCES);
	}

	return bdev;
}

This category addresses vulnerabilities caused by flawed access control mechanisms, where incorrect permission settings allow unauthorized users to access restricted resources.