int qcow2_snapshot_load_tmp(BlockDriverState *bs,
                            const char *snapshot_id,
                            const char *name,
                            Error **errp)
{
    int i, snapshot_index;
    BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
    QCowSnapshot *sn;
    uint64_t *new_l1_table;
    int new_l1_bytes;
    int ret;

    assert(bs->read_only);

    /* Search the snapshot */
    snapshot_index = find_snapshot_by_id_and_name(bs, snapshot_id, name);
    if (snapshot_index < 0) {
        error_setg(errp,
                   "Can't find snapshot");
        return -ENOENT;
    }
     sn = &s->snapshots[snapshot_index];
 
     /* Allocate and read in the snapshot's L1 table */
    new_l1_bytes = s->l1_size * sizeof(uint64_t);
     new_l1_table = g_malloc0(align_offset(new_l1_bytes, 512));
 
     ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, sn->l1_table_offset, new_l1_table, new_l1_bytes);
    if (ret < 0) {
        error_setg(errp, "Failed to read l1 table for snapshot");
        g_free(new_l1_table);
        return ret;
    }

    /* Switch the L1 table */
    g_free(s->l1_table);

    s->l1_size = sn->l1_size;
    s->l1_table_offset = sn->l1_table_offset;
    s->l1_table = new_l1_table;

    for(i = 0;i < s->l1_size; i++) {
        be64_to_cpus(&s->l1_table[i]);
    }

    return 0;
}

The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary. This may result in read or write operations on unexpected memory locations that could be linked to other variables, data structures, or internal program data.