unsigned char *ssl_add_clienthello_tlsext(SSL *s, unsigned char *buf,
                                          unsigned char *limit, int *al)
{
    int extdatalen = 0;
    unsigned char *orig = buf;
    unsigned char *ret = buf;
#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_EC
    /* See if we support any ECC ciphersuites */
    int using_ecc = 0;
    if (s->version >= TLS1_VERSION || SSL_IS_DTLS(s)) {
        int i;
        unsigned long alg_k, alg_a;
        STACK_OF(SSL_CIPHER) *cipher_stack = SSL_get_ciphers(s);

        for (i = 0; i < sk_SSL_CIPHER_num(cipher_stack); i++) {
            const SSL_CIPHER *c = sk_SSL_CIPHER_value(cipher_stack, i);

            alg_k = c->algorithm_mkey;
            alg_a = c->algorithm_auth;
            if ((alg_k & (SSL_kECDHE | SSL_kECDHEPSK))
                || (alg_a & SSL_aECDSA)) {
                using_ecc = 1;
                break;
            }
        }
    }
#endif

    ret += 2;

    if (ret >= limit)
        return NULL;            /* this really never occurs, but ... */

    /* Add RI if renegotiating */
    if (s->renegotiate) {
        int el;

        if (!ssl_add_clienthello_renegotiate_ext(s, 0, &el, 0)) {
            SSLerr(SSL_F_SSL_ADD_CLIENTHELLO_TLSEXT, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR);
            return NULL;
        }

        if ((limit - ret - 4 - el) < 0)
            return NULL;

        s2n(TLSEXT_TYPE_renegotiate, ret);
        s2n(el, ret);

        if (!ssl_add_clienthello_renegotiate_ext(s, ret, &el, el)) {
            SSLerr(SSL_F_SSL_ADD_CLIENTHELLO_TLSEXT, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR);
            return NULL;
        }

        ret += el;
    }
    /* Only add RI for SSLv3 */
    if (s->client_version == SSL3_VERSION)
        goto done;

    if (s->tlsext_hostname != NULL) {
        /* Add TLS extension servername to the Client Hello message */
        unsigned long size_str;
        long lenmax;

        /*-
         * check for enough space.
         * 4 for the servername type and extension length
         * 2 for servernamelist length
         * 1 for the hostname type
         * 2 for hostname length
         * + hostname length
         */

        if ((lenmax = limit - ret - 9) < 0
            || (size_str = strlen(s->tlsext_hostname)) > (unsigned long)lenmax)
            return NULL;

        /* extension type and length */
        s2n(TLSEXT_TYPE_server_name, ret);
        s2n(size_str + 5, ret);

        /* length of servername list */
        s2n(size_str + 3, ret);

        /* hostname type, length and hostname */
        *(ret++) = (unsigned char)TLSEXT_NAMETYPE_host_name;
        s2n(size_str, ret);
        memcpy(ret, s->tlsext_hostname, size_str);
        ret += size_str;
    }
#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_SRP
    /* Add SRP username if there is one */
    if (s->srp_ctx.login != NULL) { /* Add TLS extension SRP username to the
                                     * Client Hello message */

        int login_len = strlen(s->srp_ctx.login);
        if (login_len > 255 || login_len == 0) {
            SSLerr(SSL_F_SSL_ADD_CLIENTHELLO_TLSEXT, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR);
            return NULL;
        }

        /*-
         * check for enough space.
         * 4 for the srp type type and extension length
         * 1 for the srp user identity
         * + srp user identity length
         */
        if ((limit - ret - 5 - login_len) < 0)
            return NULL;

        /* fill in the extension */
        s2n(TLSEXT_TYPE_srp, ret);
        s2n(login_len + 1, ret);
        (*ret++) = (unsigned char)login_len;
        memcpy(ret, s->srp_ctx.login, login_len);
        ret += login_len;
    }
#endif

#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_EC
    if (using_ecc) {
        /*
         * Add TLS extension ECPointFormats to the ClientHello message
         */
        long lenmax;
        const unsigned char *pcurves, *pformats;
        size_t num_curves, num_formats, curves_list_len;
        size_t i;
        unsigned char *etmp;

        tls1_get_formatlist(s, &pformats, &num_formats);

        if ((lenmax = limit - ret - 5) < 0)
            return NULL;
        if (num_formats > (size_t)lenmax)
            return NULL;
        if (num_formats > 255) {
            SSLerr(SSL_F_SSL_ADD_CLIENTHELLO_TLSEXT, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR);
            return NULL;
        }

        s2n(TLSEXT_TYPE_ec_point_formats, ret);
        /* The point format list has 1-byte length. */
        s2n(num_formats + 1, ret);
        *(ret++) = (unsigned char)num_formats;
        memcpy(ret, pformats, num_formats);
        ret += num_formats;

        /*
         * Add TLS extension EllipticCurves to the ClientHello message
         */
        pcurves = s->tlsext_ellipticcurvelist;
        if (!tls1_get_curvelist(s, 0, &pcurves, &num_curves))
            return NULL;

        if ((lenmax = limit - ret - 6) < 0)
            return NULL;
        if (num_curves > (size_t)lenmax / 2)
            return NULL;
        if (num_curves > 65532 / 2) {
            SSLerr(SSL_F_SSL_ADD_CLIENTHELLO_TLSEXT, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR);
            return NULL;
        }

        s2n(TLSEXT_TYPE_elliptic_curves, ret);
        etmp = ret + 4;
        /* Copy curve ID if supported */
        for (i = 0; i < num_curves; i++, pcurves += 2) {
            if (tls_curve_allowed(s, pcurves, SSL_SECOP_CURVE_SUPPORTED)) {
                *etmp++ = pcurves[0];
                *etmp++ = pcurves[1];
            }
        }

        curves_list_len = etmp - ret - 4;

        s2n(curves_list_len + 2, ret);
        s2n(curves_list_len, ret);
        ret += curves_list_len;
    }
#endif                          /* OPENSSL_NO_EC */

    if (tls_use_ticket(s)) {
        int ticklen;
        if (!s->new_session && s->session && s->session->tlsext_tick)
            ticklen = s->session->tlsext_ticklen;
        else if (s->session && s->tlsext_session_ticket &&
                 s->tlsext_session_ticket->data) {
            ticklen = s->tlsext_session_ticket->length;
            s->session->tlsext_tick = OPENSSL_malloc(ticklen);
            if (s->session->tlsext_tick == NULL)
                return NULL;
            memcpy(s->session->tlsext_tick,
                   s->tlsext_session_ticket->data, ticklen);
            s->session->tlsext_ticklen = ticklen;
        } else
            ticklen = 0;
        if (ticklen == 0 && s->tlsext_session_ticket &&
            s->tlsext_session_ticket->data == NULL)
            goto skip_ext;
        /*
         * Check for enough room 2 for extension type, 2 for len rest for
         * ticket
         */
        if ((long)(limit - ret - 4 - ticklen) < 0)
            return NULL;
        s2n(TLSEXT_TYPE_session_ticket, ret);
        s2n(ticklen, ret);
        if (ticklen) {
            memcpy(ret, s->session->tlsext_tick, ticklen);
            ret += ticklen;
        }
    }
 skip_ext:

    if (SSL_CLIENT_USE_SIGALGS(s)) {
        size_t salglen;
        const unsigned char *salg;
        unsigned char *etmp;
        salglen = tls12_get_psigalgs(s, &salg);
        if ((size_t)(limit - ret) < salglen + 6)
            return NULL;
        s2n(TLSEXT_TYPE_signature_algorithms, ret);
        etmp = ret;
        /* Skip over lengths for now */
        ret += 4;
        salglen = tls12_copy_sigalgs(s, ret, salg, salglen);
        /* Fill in lengths */
        s2n(salglen + 2, etmp);
        s2n(salglen, etmp);
        ret += salglen;
    }
#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_OCSP
    if (s->tlsext_status_type == TLSEXT_STATUSTYPE_ocsp) {
        int i;
        long extlen, idlen, itmp;
        OCSP_RESPID *id;

        idlen = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < sk_OCSP_RESPID_num(s->tlsext_ocsp_ids); i++) {
            id = sk_OCSP_RESPID_value(s->tlsext_ocsp_ids, i);
            itmp = i2d_OCSP_RESPID(id, NULL);
            if (itmp <= 0)
                return NULL;
            idlen += itmp + 2;
        }

        if (s->tlsext_ocsp_exts) {
            extlen = i2d_X509_EXTENSIONS(s->tlsext_ocsp_exts, NULL);
            if (extlen < 0)
                return NULL;
        } else
            extlen = 0;

        if ((long)(limit - ret - 7 - extlen - idlen) < 0)
            return NULL;
        s2n(TLSEXT_TYPE_status_request, ret);
        if (extlen + idlen > 0xFFF0)
            return NULL;
        s2n(extlen + idlen + 5, ret);
        *(ret++) = TLSEXT_STATUSTYPE_ocsp;
        s2n(idlen, ret);
        for (i = 0; i < sk_OCSP_RESPID_num(s->tlsext_ocsp_ids); i++) {
            /* save position of id len */
            unsigned char *q = ret;
            id = sk_OCSP_RESPID_value(s->tlsext_ocsp_ids, i);
            /* skip over id len */
            ret += 2;
            itmp = i2d_OCSP_RESPID(id, &ret);
            /* write id len */
            s2n(itmp, q);
        }
        s2n(extlen, ret);
        if (extlen > 0)
            i2d_X509_EXTENSIONS(s->tlsext_ocsp_exts, &ret);
    }
#endif
#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_HEARTBEATS
    if (SSL_IS_DTLS(s)) {
        /* Add Heartbeat extension */
        if ((limit - ret - 4 - 1) < 0)
            return NULL;
        s2n(TLSEXT_TYPE_heartbeat, ret);
        s2n(1, ret);
        /*-
         * Set mode:
         * 1: peer may send requests
         * 2: peer not allowed to send requests
         */
        if (s->tlsext_heartbeat & SSL_DTLSEXT_HB_DONT_RECV_REQUESTS)
            *(ret++) = SSL_DTLSEXT_HB_DONT_SEND_REQUESTS;
        else
            *(ret++) = SSL_DTLSEXT_HB_ENABLED;
    }
#endif

#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_NEXTPROTONEG
    if (s->ctx->next_proto_select_cb && !s->s3->tmp.finish_md_len) {
        /*
         * The client advertises an empty extension to indicate its support
         * for Next Protocol Negotiation
         */
        if (limit - ret - 4 < 0)
            return NULL;
        s2n(TLSEXT_TYPE_next_proto_neg, ret);
        s2n(0, ret);
    }
#endif

    /*
     * finish_md_len is non-zero during a renegotiation, so
     * this avoids sending ALPN during the renegotiation
     * (see longer comment below)
     */
    if (s->alpn_client_proto_list && !s->s3->tmp.finish_md_len) {
        if ((size_t)(limit - ret) < 6 + s->alpn_client_proto_list_len)
            return NULL;
        s2n(TLSEXT_TYPE_application_layer_protocol_negotiation, ret);
        s2n(2 + s->alpn_client_proto_list_len, ret);
        s2n(s->alpn_client_proto_list_len, ret);
        memcpy(ret, s->alpn_client_proto_list, s->alpn_client_proto_list_len);
        ret += s->alpn_client_proto_list_len;
        s->s3->alpn_sent = 1;
    }
#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_SRTP
    if (SSL_IS_DTLS(s) && SSL_get_srtp_profiles(s)) {
        int el;

        /* Returns 0 on success!! */
        if (ssl_add_clienthello_use_srtp_ext(s, 0, &el, 0)) {
            SSLerr(SSL_F_SSL_ADD_CLIENTHELLO_TLSEXT, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR);
            return NULL;
        }

        if ((limit - ret - 4 - el) < 0)
            return NULL;

        s2n(TLSEXT_TYPE_use_srtp, ret);
        s2n(el, ret);

        if (ssl_add_clienthello_use_srtp_ext(s, ret, &el, el)) {
            SSLerr(SSL_F_SSL_ADD_CLIENTHELLO_TLSEXT, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR);
            return NULL;
        }
        ret += el;
    }
#endif
    custom_ext_init(&s->cert->cli_ext);
    /* Add custom TLS Extensions to ClientHello */
    if (!custom_ext_add(s, 0, &ret, limit, al))
        return NULL;
    s2n(TLSEXT_TYPE_encrypt_then_mac, ret);
    s2n(0, ret);
#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_CT
    if (s->ct_validation_callback != NULL) {
        s2n(TLSEXT_TYPE_signed_certificate_timestamp, ret);
        s2n(0, ret);
    }
#endif
    s2n(TLSEXT_TYPE_extended_master_secret, ret);
    s2n(0, ret);

    /*
     * Add padding to workaround bugs in F5 terminators. See
     * https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-agl-tls-padding-03 NB: because this
     * code works out the length of all existing extensions it MUST always
     * appear last.
     */
    if (s->options & SSL_OP_TLSEXT_PADDING) {
        int hlen = ret - (unsigned char *)s->init_buf->data;

        if (hlen > 0xff && hlen < 0x200) {
            hlen = 0x200 - hlen;
            if (hlen >= 4)
                hlen -= 4;
            else
                hlen = 0;

            s2n(TLSEXT_TYPE_padding, ret);
            s2n(hlen, ret);
            memset(ret, 0, hlen);
            ret += hlen;
        }
    }

 done:

    if ((extdatalen = ret - orig - 2) == 0)
        return orig;

    s2n(extdatalen, orig);
    return ret;
}

The product receives input or data, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the properties that are required to process the data safely and correctly.