static int invent_group_ids(struct mount *mnt, bool recurse)
{
	struct mount *p;

	for (p = mnt; p; p = recurse ? next_mnt(p, mnt) : NULL) {
		if (!p->mnt_group_id && !IS_MNT_SHARED(p)) {
			int err = mnt_alloc_group_id(p);
			if (err) {
				cleanup_group_ids(mnt, p);
				return err;
			}
		}
	}

	return 0;
}

This category addresses vulnerabilities caused by flawed access control mechanisms, where incorrect permission settings allow unauthorized users to access restricted resources.