png_get_int_32)(png_const_bytep buf)
{
   png_uint_32 uval = png_get_uint_32(buf);
   if ((uval & 0x80000000) == 0) /* non-negative */
      return (png_int_32)uval;

   uval = (uval ^ 0xffffffff) + 1;  /* 2's complement: -x = ~x+1 */
   if ((uval & 0x80000000) == 0) /* no overflow */
      return -(png_int_32)uval;
   /* The following has to be safe; this function only gets called on PNG data
    * and if we get here that data is invalid.  0 is the most safe value and
    * if not then an attacker would surely just generate a PNG with 0 instead.
    */
   return 0;
}

The product performs a calculation that can produce an integer overflow or wraparound when the logic assumes that the resulting value will always be larger than the original value. This occurs when an integer value is incremented to a value that is too large to store in the associated representation. When this occurs, the value may become a very small or negative number.