long kvm_vm_ioctl_assigned_device(struct kvm *kvm, unsigned ioctl,
				  unsigned long arg)
{
	void __user *argp = (void __user *)arg;
	int r;

	switch (ioctl) {
	case KVM_ASSIGN_PCI_DEVICE: {
		struct kvm_assigned_pci_dev assigned_dev;

		r = -EFAULT;
		if (copy_from_user(&assigned_dev, argp, sizeof assigned_dev))
			goto out;
		r = kvm_vm_ioctl_assign_device(kvm, &assigned_dev);
		if (r)
			goto out;
		break;
	}
	case KVM_ASSIGN_IRQ: {
		r = -EOPNOTSUPP;
		break;
	}
	case KVM_ASSIGN_DEV_IRQ: {
		struct kvm_assigned_irq assigned_irq;

		r = -EFAULT;
		if (copy_from_user(&assigned_irq, argp, sizeof assigned_irq))
			goto out;
		r = kvm_vm_ioctl_assign_irq(kvm, &assigned_irq);
		if (r)
			goto out;
		break;
	}
	case KVM_DEASSIGN_DEV_IRQ: {
		struct kvm_assigned_irq assigned_irq;

		r = -EFAULT;
		if (copy_from_user(&assigned_irq, argp, sizeof assigned_irq))
			goto out;
		r = kvm_vm_ioctl_deassign_dev_irq(kvm, &assigned_irq);
		if (r)
			goto out;
		break;
	}
	case KVM_DEASSIGN_PCI_DEVICE: {
		struct kvm_assigned_pci_dev assigned_dev;

		r = -EFAULT;
		if (copy_from_user(&assigned_dev, argp, sizeof assigned_dev))
			goto out;
		r = kvm_vm_ioctl_deassign_device(kvm, &assigned_dev);
		if (r)
			goto out;
		break;
	}
#ifdef KVM_CAP_IRQ_ROUTING
	case KVM_SET_GSI_ROUTING: {
		struct kvm_irq_routing routing;
		struct kvm_irq_routing __user *urouting;
		struct kvm_irq_routing_entry *entries;

		r = -EFAULT;
		if (copy_from_user(&routing, argp, sizeof(routing)))
			goto out;
		r = -EINVAL;
		if (routing.nr >= KVM_MAX_IRQ_ROUTES)
			goto out;
		if (routing.flags)
			goto out;
		r = -ENOMEM;
		entries = vmalloc(routing.nr * sizeof(*entries));
		if (!entries)
			goto out;
		r = -EFAULT;
		urouting = argp;
		if (copy_from_user(entries, urouting->entries,
				   routing.nr * sizeof(*entries)))
			goto out_free_irq_routing;
		r = kvm_set_irq_routing(kvm, entries, routing.nr,
					routing.flags);
	out_free_irq_routing:
		vfree(entries);
		break;
	}
#endif /* KVM_CAP_IRQ_ROUTING */
#ifdef __KVM_HAVE_MSIX
	case KVM_ASSIGN_SET_MSIX_NR: {
		struct kvm_assigned_msix_nr entry_nr;
		r = -EFAULT;
		if (copy_from_user(&entry_nr, argp, sizeof entry_nr))
			goto out;
		r = kvm_vm_ioctl_set_msix_nr(kvm, &entry_nr);
		if (r)
			goto out;
		break;
	}
	case KVM_ASSIGN_SET_MSIX_ENTRY: {
		struct kvm_assigned_msix_entry entry;
		r = -EFAULT;
		if (copy_from_user(&entry, argp, sizeof entry))
			goto out;
		r = kvm_vm_ioctl_set_msix_entry(kvm, &entry);
		if (r)
			goto out;
		break;
	}
#endif
	default:
		r = -ENOTTY;
		break;
	}
out:
	return r;
}

This category addresses vulnerabilities caused by flawed access control mechanisms, where incorrect permission settings allow unauthorized users to access restricted resources.