ssize_t splice_from_pipe(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe, struct file *out,
			 loff_t *ppos, size_t len, unsigned int flags,
			 splice_actor *actor)
{
	ssize_t ret;
	struct splice_desc sd = {
		.total_len = len,
		.flags = flags,
		.pos = *ppos,
		.u.file = out,
	};

	pipe_lock(pipe);
	ret = __splice_from_pipe(pipe, &sd, actor);
	pipe_unlock(pipe);

	return ret;
}

This category addresses vulnerabilities caused by flawed access control mechanisms, where incorrect permission settings allow unauthorized users to access restricted resources.