bool __atime_needs_update(const struct path *path, struct inode *inode,
			  bool rcu)
{
	struct vfsmount *mnt = path->mnt;
	struct timespec64 now;

	if (inode->i_flags & S_NOATIME)
		return false;

	/* Atime updates will likely cause i_uid and i_gid to be written
	 * back improprely if their true value is unknown to the vfs.
	 */
	if (HAS_UNMAPPED_ID(inode))
		return false;

	if (IS_NOATIME(inode))
		return false;
	if ((inode->i_sb->s_flags & SB_NODIRATIME) && S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
		return false;

	if (mnt->mnt_flags & MNT_NOATIME)
		return false;
	if ((mnt->mnt_flags & MNT_NODIRATIME) && S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
		return false;

	now = current_time(inode);

	if (!relatime_need_update(path, inode, timespec64_to_timespec(now), rcu))
		return false;

	if (timespec64_equal(&inode->i_atime, &now))
		return false;

	return true;
}

The product does not properly assign, modify, track, or check privileges for an actor, creating an unintended sphere of control for that actor.