static int cqspi_indirect_write_setup(struct spi_nor *nor,
				      const unsigned int to_addr)
{
	unsigned int reg;
	struct cqspi_flash_pdata *f_pdata = nor->priv;
	struct cqspi_st *cqspi = f_pdata->cqspi;
	void __iomem *reg_base = cqspi->iobase;

	/* Set opcode. */
	reg = nor->program_opcode << CQSPI_REG_WR_INSTR_OPCODE_LSB;
	writel(reg, reg_base + CQSPI_REG_WR_INSTR);
	reg = cqspi_calc_rdreg(nor, nor->program_opcode);
	writel(reg, reg_base + CQSPI_REG_RD_INSTR);

	writel(to_addr, reg_base + CQSPI_REG_INDIRECTWRSTARTADDR);

	reg = readl(reg_base + CQSPI_REG_SIZE);
	reg &= ~CQSPI_REG_SIZE_ADDRESS_MASK;
	reg |= (nor->addr_width - 1);
	writel(reg, reg_base + CQSPI_REG_SIZE);
	return 0;
}

The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary. This may result in read or write operations on unexpected memory locations that could be linked to other variables, data structures, or internal program data.