static int direct_splice_actor(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe,
			       struct splice_desc *sd)
{
	struct file *file = sd->u.file;

	return do_splice_from(pipe, file, sd->opos, sd->total_len,
			      sd->flags);
}

This category addresses vulnerabilities caused by flawed access control mechanisms, where incorrect permission settings allow unauthorized users to access restricted resources.