static int cqspi_indirect_read_execute(struct spi_nor *nor,
				       u8 *rxbuf, const unsigned n_rx)
{
	struct cqspi_flash_pdata *f_pdata = nor->priv;
	struct cqspi_st *cqspi = f_pdata->cqspi;
	void __iomem *reg_base = cqspi->iobase;
	void __iomem *ahb_base = cqspi->ahb_base;
	unsigned int remaining = n_rx;
	unsigned int bytes_to_read = 0;
	int ret = 0;

	writel(remaining, reg_base + CQSPI_REG_INDIRECTRDBYTES);

	/* Clear all interrupts. */
	writel(CQSPI_IRQ_STATUS_MASK, reg_base + CQSPI_REG_IRQSTATUS);

	writel(CQSPI_IRQ_MASK_RD, reg_base + CQSPI_REG_IRQMASK);

	reinit_completion(&cqspi->transfer_complete);
	writel(CQSPI_REG_INDIRECTRD_START_MASK,
	       reg_base + CQSPI_REG_INDIRECTRD);

	while (remaining > 0) {
		ret = wait_for_completion_timeout(&cqspi->transfer_complete,
						  msecs_to_jiffies
						  (CQSPI_READ_TIMEOUT_MS));

		bytes_to_read = cqspi_get_rd_sram_level(cqspi);

		if (!ret && bytes_to_read == 0) {
			dev_err(nor->dev, "Indirect read timeout, no bytes\n");
			ret = -ETIMEDOUT;
			goto failrd;
		}

		while (bytes_to_read != 0) {
			bytes_to_read *= cqspi->fifo_width;
			bytes_to_read = bytes_to_read > remaining ?
					remaining : bytes_to_read;
			readsl(ahb_base, rxbuf, DIV_ROUND_UP(bytes_to_read, 4));
			rxbuf += bytes_to_read;
			remaining -= bytes_to_read;
			bytes_to_read = cqspi_get_rd_sram_level(cqspi);
		}

		if (remaining > 0)
			reinit_completion(&cqspi->transfer_complete);
	}

	/* Check indirect done status */
	ret = cqspi_wait_for_bit(reg_base + CQSPI_REG_INDIRECTRD,
				 CQSPI_REG_INDIRECTRD_DONE_MASK, 0);
	if (ret) {
		dev_err(nor->dev,
			"Indirect read completion error (%i)\n", ret);
		goto failrd;
	}

	/* Disable interrupt */
	writel(0, reg_base + CQSPI_REG_IRQMASK);

	/* Clear indirect completion status */
	writel(CQSPI_REG_INDIRECTRD_DONE_MASK, reg_base + CQSPI_REG_INDIRECTRD);

	return 0;

failrd:
	/* Disable interrupt */
	writel(0, reg_base + CQSPI_REG_IRQMASK);

	/* Cancel the indirect read */
	writel(CQSPI_REG_INDIRECTWR_CANCEL_MASK,
	       reg_base + CQSPI_REG_INDIRECTRD);
	return ret;
}

The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary. This may result in read or write operations on unexpected memory locations that could be linked to other variables, data structures, or internal program data.