int qcow2_check_metadata_overlap(BlockDriverState *bs, int ign, int64_t offset,
                                 int64_t size)
{
    BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
    int chk = s->overlap_check & ~ign;
    int i, j;

    if (!size) {
        return 0;
    }

    if (chk & QCOW2_OL_MAIN_HEADER) {
        if (offset < s->cluster_size) {
            return QCOW2_OL_MAIN_HEADER;
        }
    }

    /* align range to test to cluster boundaries */
    size = align_offset(offset_into_cluster(s, offset) + size, s->cluster_size);
    offset = start_of_cluster(s, offset);

    if ((chk & QCOW2_OL_ACTIVE_L1) && s->l1_size) {
        if (overlaps_with(s->l1_table_offset, s->l1_size * sizeof(uint64_t))) {
            return QCOW2_OL_ACTIVE_L1;
        }
    }

    if ((chk & QCOW2_OL_REFCOUNT_TABLE) && s->refcount_table_size) {
        if (overlaps_with(s->refcount_table_offset,
            s->refcount_table_size * sizeof(uint64_t))) {
            return QCOW2_OL_REFCOUNT_TABLE;
        }
    }

    if ((chk & QCOW2_OL_SNAPSHOT_TABLE) && s->snapshots_size) {
        if (overlaps_with(s->snapshots_offset, s->snapshots_size)) {
            return QCOW2_OL_SNAPSHOT_TABLE;
        }
    }

    if ((chk & QCOW2_OL_INACTIVE_L1) && s->snapshots) {
        for (i = 0; i < s->nb_snapshots; i++) {
            if (s->snapshots[i].l1_size &&
                overlaps_with(s->snapshots[i].l1_table_offset,
                s->snapshots[i].l1_size * sizeof(uint64_t))) {
                return QCOW2_OL_INACTIVE_L1;
            }
        }
    }

    if ((chk & QCOW2_OL_ACTIVE_L2) && s->l1_table) {
        for (i = 0; i < s->l1_size; i++) {
            if ((s->l1_table[i] & L1E_OFFSET_MASK) &&
                overlaps_with(s->l1_table[i] & L1E_OFFSET_MASK,
                s->cluster_size)) {
                return QCOW2_OL_ACTIVE_L2;
            }
        }
    }

    if ((chk & QCOW2_OL_REFCOUNT_BLOCK) && s->refcount_table) {
        for (i = 0; i < s->refcount_table_size; i++) {
            if ((s->refcount_table[i] & REFT_OFFSET_MASK) &&
                overlaps_with(s->refcount_table[i] & REFT_OFFSET_MASK,
                s->cluster_size)) {
                return QCOW2_OL_REFCOUNT_BLOCK;
            }
        }
    }

    if ((chk & QCOW2_OL_INACTIVE_L2) && s->snapshots) {
        for (i = 0; i < s->nb_snapshots; i++) {
            uint64_t l1_ofs = s->snapshots[i].l1_table_offset;
            uint32_t l1_sz  = s->snapshots[i].l1_size;
            uint64_t l1_sz2 = l1_sz * sizeof(uint64_t);
            uint64_t *l1 = g_malloc(l1_sz2);
            int ret;

            ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, l1_ofs, l1, l1_sz2);
            if (ret < 0) {
                g_free(l1);
                return ret;
            }

            for (j = 0; j < l1_sz; j++) {
                uint64_t l2_ofs = be64_to_cpu(l1[j]) & L1E_OFFSET_MASK;
                if (l2_ofs && overlaps_with(l2_ofs, s->cluster_size)) {
                    g_free(l1);
                    return QCOW2_OL_INACTIVE_L2;
                }
            }

            g_free(l1);
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

The product performs a calculation that can produce an integer overflow or wraparound when the logic assumes that the resulting value will always be larger than the original value. This occurs when an integer value is incremented to a value that is too large to store in the associated representation. When this occurs, the value may become a very small or negative number.