int cap_task_prctl(int option, unsigned long arg2, unsigned long arg3,
		   unsigned long arg4, unsigned long arg5)
{
	struct cred *new;
	long error = 0;

	new = prepare_creds();
	if (!new)
		return -ENOMEM;

	switch (option) {
	case PR_CAPBSET_READ:
		error = -EINVAL;
		if (!cap_valid(arg2))
			goto error;
		error = !!cap_raised(new->cap_bset, arg2);
		goto no_change;

	case PR_CAPBSET_DROP:
		error = cap_prctl_drop(new, arg2);
		if (error < 0)
			goto error;
		goto changed;

	/*
	 * The next four prctl's remain to assist with transitioning a
	 * system from legacy UID=0 based privilege (when filesystem
	 * capabilities are not in use) to a system using filesystem
	 * capabilities only - as the POSIX.1e draft intended.
	 *
	 * Note:
	 *
	 *  PR_SET_SECUREBITS =
	 *      issecure_mask(SECURE_KEEP_CAPS_LOCKED)
	 *    | issecure_mask(SECURE_NOROOT)
	 *    | issecure_mask(SECURE_NOROOT_LOCKED)
	 *    | issecure_mask(SECURE_NO_SETUID_FIXUP)
	 *    | issecure_mask(SECURE_NO_SETUID_FIXUP_LOCKED)
	 *
	 * will ensure that the current process and all of its
	 * children will be locked into a pure
	 * capability-based-privilege environment.
	 */
	case PR_SET_SECUREBITS:
		error = -EPERM;
		if ((((new->securebits & SECURE_ALL_LOCKS) >> 1)
		     & (new->securebits ^ arg2))			/*[1]*/
		    || ((new->securebits & SECURE_ALL_LOCKS & ~arg2))	/*[2]*/
		    || (arg2 & ~(SECURE_ALL_LOCKS | SECURE_ALL_BITS))	/*[3]*/
		    || (cap_capable(current_cred(),
				    current_cred()->user->user_ns, CAP_SETPCAP,
				    SECURITY_CAP_AUDIT) != 0)		/*[4]*/
			/*
			 * [1] no changing of bits that are locked
			 * [2] no unlocking of locks
			 * [3] no setting of unsupported bits
			 * [4] doing anything requires privilege (go read about
			 *     the "sendmail capabilities bug")
			 */
		    )
			/* cannot change a locked bit */
			goto error;
		new->securebits = arg2;
		goto changed;

	case PR_GET_SECUREBITS:
		error = new->securebits;
		goto no_change;

	case PR_GET_KEEPCAPS:
		if (issecure(SECURE_KEEP_CAPS))
			error = 1;
		goto no_change;

	case PR_SET_KEEPCAPS:
		error = -EINVAL;
		if (arg2 > 1) /* Note, we rely on arg2 being unsigned here */
			goto error;
		error = -EPERM;
		if (issecure(SECURE_KEEP_CAPS_LOCKED))
			goto error;
		if (arg2)
			new->securebits |= issecure_mask(SECURE_KEEP_CAPS);
		else
			new->securebits &= ~issecure_mask(SECURE_KEEP_CAPS);
		goto changed;

	default:
		/* No functionality available - continue with default */
		error = -ENOSYS;
		goto error;
	}

	/* Functionality provided */
changed:
	return commit_creds(new);

no_change:
error:
	abort_creds(new);
	return error;
}

This category addresses vulnerabilities caused by flawed access control mechanisms, where incorrect permission settings allow unauthorized users to access restricted resources.