do_setup_env(Session *s, const char *shell)
{
	struct ssh *ssh = active_state; /* XXX */
	char buf[256];
	u_int i, envsize;
	char **env, *laddr;
	struct passwd *pw = s->pw;
#if !defined (HAVE_LOGIN_CAP) && !defined (HAVE_CYGWIN)
	char *path = NULL;
#endif

	/* Initialize the environment. */
	envsize = 100;
	env = xcalloc(envsize, sizeof(char *));
	env[0] = NULL;

#ifdef HAVE_CYGWIN
	/*
	 * The Windows environment contains some setting which are
	 * important for a running system. They must not be dropped.
	 */
	{
		char **p;

		p = fetch_windows_environment();
		copy_environment(p, &env, &envsize);
		free_windows_environment(p);
	}
#endif

#ifdef GSSAPI
	/* Allow any GSSAPI methods that we've used to alter
	 * the childs environment as they see fit
	 */
	ssh_gssapi_do_child(&env, &envsize);
#endif

	if (!options.use_login) {
		/* Set basic environment. */
		for (i = 0; i < s->num_env; i++)
			child_set_env(&env, &envsize, s->env[i].name,
			    s->env[i].val);

		child_set_env(&env, &envsize, "USER", pw->pw_name);
		child_set_env(&env, &envsize, "LOGNAME", pw->pw_name);
#ifdef _AIX
		child_set_env(&env, &envsize, "LOGIN", pw->pw_name);
#endif
		child_set_env(&env, &envsize, "HOME", pw->pw_dir);
#ifdef HAVE_LOGIN_CAP
		if (setusercontext(lc, pw, pw->pw_uid, LOGIN_SETPATH) < 0)
			child_set_env(&env, &envsize, "PATH", _PATH_STDPATH);
		else
			child_set_env(&env, &envsize, "PATH", getenv("PATH"));
#else /* HAVE_LOGIN_CAP */
# ifndef HAVE_CYGWIN
		/*
		 * There's no standard path on Windows. The path contains
		 * important components pointing to the system directories,
		 * needed for loading shared libraries. So the path better
		 * remains intact here.
		 */
#  ifdef HAVE_ETC_DEFAULT_LOGIN
		read_etc_default_login(&env, &envsize, pw->pw_uid);
		path = child_get_env(env, "PATH");
#  endif /* HAVE_ETC_DEFAULT_LOGIN */
		if (path == NULL || *path == '\0') {
			child_set_env(&env, &envsize, "PATH",
			    s->pw->pw_uid == 0 ?
				SUPERUSER_PATH : _PATH_STDPATH);
		}
# endif /* HAVE_CYGWIN */
#endif /* HAVE_LOGIN_CAP */

		snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%.200s/%.50s",
			 _PATH_MAILDIR, pw->pw_name);
		child_set_env(&env, &envsize, "MAIL", buf);

		/* Normal systems set SHELL by default. */
		child_set_env(&env, &envsize, "SHELL", shell);
	}
	if (getenv("TZ"))
		child_set_env(&env, &envsize, "TZ", getenv("TZ"));

	/* Set custom environment options from RSA authentication. */
	if (!options.use_login) {
		while (custom_environment) {
			struct envstring *ce = custom_environment;
			char *str = ce->s;

			for (i = 0; str[i] != '=' && str[i]; i++)
				;
			if (str[i] == '=') {
				str[i] = 0;
				child_set_env(&env, &envsize, str, str + i + 1);
			}
			custom_environment = ce->next;
			free(ce->s);
			free(ce);
		}
	}

	/* SSH_CLIENT deprecated */
	snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%.50s %d %d",
	    ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh), ssh_remote_port(ssh),
	    ssh_local_port(ssh));
	child_set_env(&env, &envsize, "SSH_CLIENT", buf);

	laddr = get_local_ipaddr(packet_get_connection_in());
	snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%.50s %d %.50s %d",
	    ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh), ssh_remote_port(ssh),
	    laddr, ssh_local_port(ssh));
	free(laddr);
	child_set_env(&env, &envsize, "SSH_CONNECTION", buf);

	if (s->ttyfd != -1)
		child_set_env(&env, &envsize, "SSH_TTY", s->tty);
	if (s->term)
		child_set_env(&env, &envsize, "TERM", s->term);
	if (s->display)
		child_set_env(&env, &envsize, "DISPLAY", s->display);
	if (original_command)
		child_set_env(&env, &envsize, "SSH_ORIGINAL_COMMAND",
		    original_command);

#ifdef _UNICOS
	if (cray_tmpdir[0] != '\0')
		child_set_env(&env, &envsize, "TMPDIR", cray_tmpdir);
#endif /* _UNICOS */

	/*
	 * Since we clear KRB5CCNAME at startup, if it's set now then it
	 * must have been set by a native authentication method (eg AIX or
	 * SIA), so copy it to the child.
	 */
	{
		char *cp;

		if ((cp = getenv("KRB5CCNAME")) != NULL)
			child_set_env(&env, &envsize, "KRB5CCNAME", cp);
	}

#ifdef _AIX
	{
		char *cp;

		if ((cp = getenv("AUTHSTATE")) != NULL)
			child_set_env(&env, &envsize, "AUTHSTATE", cp);
		read_environment_file(&env, &envsize, "/etc/environment");
	}
#endif
#ifdef KRB5
	if (s->authctxt->krb5_ccname)
		child_set_env(&env, &envsize, "KRB5CCNAME",
		    s->authctxt->krb5_ccname);
#endif
#ifdef USE_PAM
	/*
 	 * Pull in any environment variables that may have
 	 * been set by PAM.
 	 */
	if (options.use_pam && !options.use_login) {
 		char **p;
 
 		p = fetch_pam_child_environment();
		copy_environment(p, &env, &envsize);
		free_pam_environment(p);

		p = fetch_pam_environment();
		copy_environment(p, &env, &envsize);
		free_pam_environment(p);
	}
#endif /* USE_PAM */

	if (auth_sock_name != NULL)
		child_set_env(&env, &envsize, SSH_AUTHSOCKET_ENV_NAME,
		    auth_sock_name);

	/* read $HOME/.ssh/environment. */
	if (options.permit_user_env && !options.use_login) {
		snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%.200s/.ssh/environment",
		    strcmp(pw->pw_dir, "/") ? pw->pw_dir : "");
		read_environment_file(&env, &envsize, buf);
	}
	if (debug_flag) {
		/* dump the environment */
		fprintf(stderr, "Environment:\n");
		for (i = 0; env[i]; i++)
			fprintf(stderr, "  %.200s\n", env[i]);
	}
	return env;
}

This category addresses vulnerabilities caused by flawed access control mechanisms, where incorrect permission settings allow unauthorized users to access restricted resources.