int readlink_value(const char *p, char **ret) {
        _cleanup_free_ char *link = NULL;
        char *value;
        int r;

        r = readlink_malloc(p, &link);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        value = basename(link);
        if (!value)
                return -ENOENT;

        value = strdup(value);
        if (!value)
                return -ENOMEM;

        *ret = value;

        return 0;
}

This category addresses vulnerabilities caused by flawed access control mechanisms, where incorrect permission settings allow unauthorized users to access restricted resources.