magiccheck(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *m)
{
	uint64_t l = m->value.q;
	uint64_t v;
	float fl, fv;
	double dl, dv;
	int matched;
	union VALUETYPE *p = &ms->ms_value;

	switch (m->type) {
	case FILE_BYTE:
		v = p->b;
		break;

	case FILE_SHORT:
	case FILE_BESHORT:
	case FILE_LESHORT:
		v = p->h;
		break;

	case FILE_LONG:
	case FILE_BELONG:
	case FILE_LELONG:
	case FILE_MELONG:
	case FILE_DATE:
	case FILE_BEDATE:
	case FILE_LEDATE:
	case FILE_MEDATE:
	case FILE_LDATE:
	case FILE_BELDATE:
	case FILE_LELDATE:
	case FILE_MELDATE:
		v = p->l;
		break;

	case FILE_QUAD:
	case FILE_LEQUAD:
	case FILE_BEQUAD:
	case FILE_QDATE:
	case FILE_BEQDATE:
	case FILE_LEQDATE:
	case FILE_QLDATE:
	case FILE_BEQLDATE:
	case FILE_LEQLDATE:
	case FILE_QWDATE:
	case FILE_BEQWDATE:
	case FILE_LEQWDATE:
		v = p->q;
		break;

	case FILE_FLOAT:
	case FILE_BEFLOAT:
	case FILE_LEFLOAT:
		fl = m->value.f;
		fv = p->f;
		switch (m->reln) {
		case 'x':
			matched = 1;
			break;

		case '!':
			matched = fv != fl;
			break;

		case '=':
			matched = fv == fl;
			break;

		case '>':
			matched = fv > fl;
			break;

		case '<':
			matched = fv < fl;
			break;

		default:
			matched = 0;
			file_magerror(ms, "cannot happen with float: invalid relation `%c'",
			    m->reln);
			return -1;
		}
		return matched;

	case FILE_DOUBLE:
	case FILE_BEDOUBLE:
	case FILE_LEDOUBLE:
		dl = m->value.d;
		dv = p->d;
		switch (m->reln) {
		case 'x':
			matched = 1;
			break;

		case '!':
			matched = dv != dl;
			break;

		case '=':
			matched = dv == dl;
			break;

		case '>':
			matched = dv > dl;
			break;

		case '<':
			matched = dv < dl;
			break;

		default:
			matched = 0;
			file_magerror(ms, "cannot happen with double: invalid relation `%c'", m->reln);
			return -1;
		}
		return matched;

	case FILE_DEFAULT:
	case FILE_CLEAR:
		l = 0;
		v = 0;
		break;

	case FILE_STRING:
	case FILE_PSTRING:
		l = 0;
		v = file_strncmp(m->value.s, p->s, (size_t)m->vallen, m->str_flags);
		break;

	case FILE_BESTRING16:
	case FILE_LESTRING16:
		l = 0;
		v = file_strncmp16(m->value.s, p->s, (size_t)m->vallen, m->str_flags);
		break;

	case FILE_SEARCH: { /* search ms->search.s for the string m->value.s */
		size_t slen;
		size_t idx;

		if (ms->search.s == NULL)
			return 0;

		slen = MIN(m->vallen, sizeof(m->value.s));
		l = 0;
		v = 0;

		for (idx = 0; m->str_range == 0 || idx < m->str_range; idx++) {
			if (slen + idx > ms->search.s_len)
				break;

			v = file_strncmp(m->value.s, ms->search.s + idx, slen, m->str_flags);
			if (v == 0) {	/* found match */
				ms->search.offset += idx;
				break;
			}
		}
		break;
	}
	case FILE_REGEX: {
		int rc;
		regex_t rx;
		char errmsg[512];

		if (ms->search.s == NULL)
			return 0;

		l = 0;
		rc = regcomp(&rx, m->value.s,
		    REG_EXTENDED|REG_NEWLINE|
		    ((m->str_flags & STRING_IGNORE_CASE) ? REG_ICASE : 0));
		if (rc) {
			(void)regerror(rc, &rx, errmsg, sizeof(errmsg));
			file_magerror(ms, "regex error %d, (%s)",
			    rc, errmsg);
			v = (uint64_t)-1;
		}
		else {
			regmatch_t pmatch[1];
#ifndef REG_STARTEND
#define	REG_STARTEND	0
			size_t l = ms->search.s_len - 1;
			char c = ms->search.s[l];
			((char *)(intptr_t)ms->search.s)[l] = '\0';
#else
			pmatch[0].rm_so = 0;
			pmatch[0].rm_eo = ms->search.s_len;
#endif
			rc = regexec(&rx, (const char *)ms->search.s,
			    1, pmatch, REG_STARTEND);
#if REG_STARTEND == 0
			((char *)(intptr_t)ms->search.s)[l] = c;
#endif
			switch (rc) {
			case 0:
				ms->search.s += (int)pmatch[0].rm_so;
				ms->search.offset += (size_t)pmatch[0].rm_so;
				ms->search.rm_len =
				    (size_t)(pmatch[0].rm_eo - pmatch[0].rm_so);
				v = 0;
				break;

			case REG_NOMATCH:
				v = 1;
				break;

			default:
				(void)regerror(rc, &rx, errmsg, sizeof(errmsg));
				file_magerror(ms, "regexec error %d, (%s)",
				    rc, errmsg);
				v = (uint64_t)-1;
				break;
			}
			regfree(&rx);
		}
		if (v == (uint64_t)-1)
			return -1;
		break;
	}
	case FILE_INDIRECT:
	case FILE_USE:
	case FILE_NAME:
		return 1;
	default:
		file_magerror(ms, "invalid type %d in magiccheck()", m->type);
		return -1;
	}

	v = file_signextend(ms, m, v);

	switch (m->reln) {
	case 'x':
		if ((ms->flags & MAGIC_DEBUG) != 0)
			(void) fprintf(stderr, "%" INT64_T_FORMAT
			    "u == *any* = 1\n", (unsigned long long)v);
		matched = 1;
		break;

	case '!':
		matched = v != l;
		if ((ms->flags & MAGIC_DEBUG) != 0)
			(void) fprintf(stderr, "%" INT64_T_FORMAT "u != %"
			    INT64_T_FORMAT "u = %d\n", (unsigned long long)v,
			    (unsigned long long)l, matched);
		break;

	case '=':
		matched = v == l;
		if ((ms->flags & MAGIC_DEBUG) != 0)
			(void) fprintf(stderr, "%" INT64_T_FORMAT "u == %"
			    INT64_T_FORMAT "u = %d\n", (unsigned long long)v,
			    (unsigned long long)l, matched);
		break;

	case '>':
		if (m->flag & UNSIGNED) {
			matched = v > l;
			if ((ms->flags & MAGIC_DEBUG) != 0)
				(void) fprintf(stderr, "%" INT64_T_FORMAT
				    "u > %" INT64_T_FORMAT "u = %d\n",
				    (unsigned long long)v,
				    (unsigned long long)l, matched);
		}
		else {
			matched = (int64_t) v > (int64_t) l;
			if ((ms->flags & MAGIC_DEBUG) != 0)
				(void) fprintf(stderr, "%" INT64_T_FORMAT
				    "d > %" INT64_T_FORMAT "d = %d\n",
				    (long long)v, (long long)l, matched);
		}
		break;

	case '<':
		if (m->flag & UNSIGNED) {
			matched = v < l;
			if ((ms->flags & MAGIC_DEBUG) != 0)
				(void) fprintf(stderr, "%" INT64_T_FORMAT
				    "u < %" INT64_T_FORMAT "u = %d\n",
				    (unsigned long long)v,
				    (unsigned long long)l, matched);
		}
		else {
			matched = (int64_t) v < (int64_t) l;
			if ((ms->flags & MAGIC_DEBUG) != 0)
				(void) fprintf(stderr, "%" INT64_T_FORMAT
				    "d < %" INT64_T_FORMAT "d = %d\n",
				     (long long)v, (long long)l, matched);
		}
		break;

	case '&':
		matched = (v & l) == l;
		if ((ms->flags & MAGIC_DEBUG) != 0)
			(void) fprintf(stderr, "((%" INT64_T_FORMAT "x & %"
			    INT64_T_FORMAT "x) == %" INT64_T_FORMAT
			    "x) = %d\n", (unsigned long long)v,
			    (unsigned long long)l, (unsigned long long)l,
			    matched);
		break;

	case '^':
		matched = (v & l) != l;
		if ((ms->flags & MAGIC_DEBUG) != 0)
			(void) fprintf(stderr, "((%" INT64_T_FORMAT "x & %"
			    INT64_T_FORMAT "x) != %" INT64_T_FORMAT
			    "x) = %d\n", (unsigned long long)v,
			    (unsigned long long)l, (unsigned long long)l,
			    matched);
		break;

	default:
		matched = 0;
		file_magerror(ms, "cannot happen: invalid relation `%c'",
		    m->reln);
		return -1;
	}

	return matched;
}

The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary. This may result in read or write operations on unexpected memory locations that could be linked to other variables, data structures, or internal program data.