packet_setsockopt(struct socket *sock, int level, int optname, char __user *optval, unsigned int optlen)
{
	struct sock *sk = sock->sk;
	struct packet_sock *po = pkt_sk(sk);
	int ret;

	if (level != SOL_PACKET)
		return -ENOPROTOOPT;

	switch (optname) {
	case PACKET_ADD_MEMBERSHIP:
	case PACKET_DROP_MEMBERSHIP:
	{
		struct packet_mreq_max mreq;
		int len = optlen;
		memset(&mreq, 0, sizeof(mreq));
		if (len < sizeof(struct packet_mreq))
			return -EINVAL;
		if (len > sizeof(mreq))
			len = sizeof(mreq);
		if (copy_from_user(&mreq, optval, len))
			return -EFAULT;
		if (len < (mreq.mr_alen + offsetof(struct packet_mreq, mr_address)))
			return -EINVAL;
		if (optname == PACKET_ADD_MEMBERSHIP)
			ret = packet_mc_add(sk, &mreq);
		else
			ret = packet_mc_drop(sk, &mreq);
		return ret;
	}

	case PACKET_RX_RING:
	case PACKET_TX_RING:
	{
		union tpacket_req_u req_u;
		int len;

		switch (po->tp_version) {
		case TPACKET_V1:
		case TPACKET_V2:
			len = sizeof(req_u.req);
			break;
		case TPACKET_V3:
		default:
			len = sizeof(req_u.req3);
			break;
		}
		if (optlen < len)
			return -EINVAL;
		if (copy_from_user(&req_u.req, optval, len))
			return -EFAULT;
		return packet_set_ring(sk, &req_u, 0,
			optname == PACKET_TX_RING);
	}
	case PACKET_COPY_THRESH:
	{
		int val;

		if (optlen != sizeof(val))
			return -EINVAL;
		if (copy_from_user(&val, optval, sizeof(val)))
			return -EFAULT;

		pkt_sk(sk)->copy_thresh = val;
		return 0;
	}
	case PACKET_VERSION:
	{
		int val;

		if (optlen != sizeof(val))
			return -EINVAL;
		if (copy_from_user(&val, optval, sizeof(val)))
			return -EFAULT;
		switch (val) {
		case TPACKET_V1:
		case TPACKET_V2:
		case TPACKET_V3:
			break;
		default:
			return -EINVAL;
		}
		lock_sock(sk);
		if (po->rx_ring.pg_vec || po->tx_ring.pg_vec) {
			ret = -EBUSY;
		} else {
			po->tp_version = val;
			ret = 0;
		}
		release_sock(sk);
		return ret;
	}
	case PACKET_RESERVE:
	{
		unsigned int val;

		if (optlen != sizeof(val))
			return -EINVAL;
		if (po->rx_ring.pg_vec || po->tx_ring.pg_vec)
			return -EBUSY;
		if (copy_from_user(&val, optval, sizeof(val)))
			return -EFAULT;
		po->tp_reserve = val;
		return 0;
	}
	case PACKET_LOSS:
	{
		unsigned int val;

		if (optlen != sizeof(val))
			return -EINVAL;
		if (po->rx_ring.pg_vec || po->tx_ring.pg_vec)
			return -EBUSY;
		if (copy_from_user(&val, optval, sizeof(val)))
			return -EFAULT;
		po->tp_loss = !!val;
		return 0;
	}
	case PACKET_AUXDATA:
	{
		int val;

		if (optlen < sizeof(val))
			return -EINVAL;
		if (copy_from_user(&val, optval, sizeof(val)))
			return -EFAULT;

		po->auxdata = !!val;
		return 0;
	}
	case PACKET_ORIGDEV:
	{
		int val;

		if (optlen < sizeof(val))
			return -EINVAL;
		if (copy_from_user(&val, optval, sizeof(val)))
			return -EFAULT;

		po->origdev = !!val;
		return 0;
	}
	case PACKET_VNET_HDR:
	{
		int val;

		if (sock->type != SOCK_RAW)
			return -EINVAL;
		if (po->rx_ring.pg_vec || po->tx_ring.pg_vec)
			return -EBUSY;
		if (optlen < sizeof(val))
			return -EINVAL;
		if (copy_from_user(&val, optval, sizeof(val)))
			return -EFAULT;

		po->has_vnet_hdr = !!val;
		return 0;
	}
	case PACKET_TIMESTAMP:
	{
		int val;

		if (optlen != sizeof(val))
			return -EINVAL;
		if (copy_from_user(&val, optval, sizeof(val)))
			return -EFAULT;

		po->tp_tstamp = val;
		return 0;
	}
	case PACKET_FANOUT:
	{
		int val;

		if (optlen != sizeof(val))
			return -EINVAL;
		if (copy_from_user(&val, optval, sizeof(val)))
			return -EFAULT;

		return fanout_add(sk, val & 0xffff, val >> 16);
	}
	case PACKET_FANOUT_DATA:
	{
		if (!po->fanout)
			return -EINVAL;

		return fanout_set_data(po, optval, optlen);
	}
	case PACKET_TX_HAS_OFF:
	{
		unsigned int val;

		if (optlen != sizeof(val))
			return -EINVAL;
		if (po->rx_ring.pg_vec || po->tx_ring.pg_vec)
			return -EBUSY;
		if (copy_from_user(&val, optval, sizeof(val)))
			return -EFAULT;
		po->tp_tx_has_off = !!val;
		return 0;
	}
	case PACKET_QDISC_BYPASS:
	{
		int val;

		if (optlen != sizeof(val))
			return -EINVAL;
		if (copy_from_user(&val, optval, sizeof(val)))
			return -EFAULT;

		po->xmit = val ? packet_direct_xmit : dev_queue_xmit;
		return 0;
	}
	default:
		return -ENOPROTOOPT;
	}
}

The product reuses or references memory after it has been freed. At some point afterward, the memory may be allocated again and saved in another pointer, while the original pointer references a location somewhere within the new allocation. Any operations using the original pointer are no longer valid because the memory belongs to the code that operates on the new pointer.