int __scm_send(struct socket *sock, struct msghdr *msg, struct scm_cookie *p)
{
	struct cmsghdr *cmsg;
	int err;

	for (cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(msg); cmsg; cmsg = CMSG_NXTHDR(msg, cmsg))
	{
		err = -EINVAL;

		/* Verify that cmsg_len is at least sizeof(struct cmsghdr) */
		/* The first check was omitted in <= 2.2.5. The reasoning was
		   that parser checks cmsg_len in any case, so that
		   additional check would be work duplication.
		   But if cmsg_level is not SOL_SOCKET, we do not check
		   for too short ancillary data object at all! Oops.
		   OK, let's add it...
		 */
		if (!CMSG_OK(msg, cmsg))
			goto error;

		if (cmsg->cmsg_level != SOL_SOCKET)
			continue;

		switch (cmsg->cmsg_type)
		{
		case SCM_RIGHTS:
			if (!sock->ops || sock->ops->family != PF_UNIX)
				goto error;
			err=scm_fp_copy(cmsg, &p->fp);
			if (err<0)
				goto error;
			break;
		case SCM_CREDENTIALS:
		{
			struct ucred creds;
			kuid_t uid;
			kgid_t gid;
			if (cmsg->cmsg_len != CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct ucred)))
				goto error;
			memcpy(&creds, CMSG_DATA(cmsg), sizeof(struct ucred));
			err = scm_check_creds(&creds);
			if (err)
				goto error;

			p->creds.pid = creds.pid;
			if (!p->pid || pid_vnr(p->pid) != creds.pid) {
				struct pid *pid;
				err = -ESRCH;
				pid = find_get_pid(creds.pid);
				if (!pid)
					goto error;
				put_pid(p->pid);
				p->pid = pid;
			}

			err = -EINVAL;
			uid = make_kuid(current_user_ns(), creds.uid);
			gid = make_kgid(current_user_ns(), creds.gid);
			if (!uid_valid(uid) || !gid_valid(gid))
				goto error;

			p->creds.uid = uid;
			p->creds.gid = gid;
			break;
		}
		default:
			goto error;
		}
	}

	if (p->fp && !p->fp->count)
	{
		kfree(p->fp);
		p->fp = NULL;
	}
	return 0;

error:
	scm_destroy(p);
	return err;
}

This category addresses vulnerabilities caused by flawed access control mechanisms, where incorrect permission settings allow unauthorized users to access restricted resources.