static bool virtio_extra_state_needed(void *opaque)
{
    VirtIODevice *vdev = opaque;
    BusState *qbus = qdev_get_parent_bus(DEVICE(vdev));
    VirtioBusClass *k = VIRTIO_BUS_GET_CLASS(qbus);

    return k->has_extra_state &&
        k->has_extra_state(qbus->parent);
}

The product receives input or data, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the properties that are required to process the data safely and correctly.