png_handle_hIST(png_structrp png_ptr, png_inforp info_ptr, png_uint_32 length)
{
   unsigned int num, i;
   png_uint_16 readbuf[PNG_MAX_PALETTE_LENGTH];

   png_debug(1, "in png_handle_hIST");

   if ((png_ptr->mode & PNG_HAVE_IHDR) == 0)
      png_chunk_error(png_ptr, "missing IHDR");

   else if ((png_ptr->mode & PNG_HAVE_IDAT) != 0 ||
       (png_ptr->mode & PNG_HAVE_PLTE) == 0)
   {
      png_crc_finish(png_ptr, length);
      png_chunk_benign_error(png_ptr, "out of place");
      return;
   }

   else if (info_ptr != NULL && (info_ptr->valid & PNG_INFO_hIST) != 0)
   {
      png_crc_finish(png_ptr, length);
      png_chunk_benign_error(png_ptr, "duplicate");
      return;
   }

   num = length / 2 ;

   if (num != (unsigned int) png_ptr->num_palette ||
       num > (unsigned int) PNG_MAX_PALETTE_LENGTH)
   {
      png_crc_finish(png_ptr, length);
      png_chunk_benign_error(png_ptr, "invalid");
      return;
   }

   for (i = 0; i < num; i++)
   {
      png_byte buf[2];

      png_crc_read(png_ptr, buf, 2);
      readbuf[i] = png_get_uint_16(buf);
   }

   if (png_crc_finish(png_ptr, 0) != 0)
      return;

   png_set_hIST(png_ptr, info_ptr, readbuf);
}

The product performs a calculation that can produce an integer overflow or wraparound when the logic assumes that the resulting value will always be larger than the original value. This occurs when an integer value is incremented to a value that is too large to store in the associated representation. When this occurs, the value may become a very small or negative number.