static int read_extra_header(FFV1Context *f)
{
    RangeCoder *const c = &f->c;
    uint8_t state[CONTEXT_SIZE];
    int i, j, k, ret;
    uint8_t state2[32][CONTEXT_SIZE];

    memset(state2, 128, sizeof(state2));
    memset(state, 128, sizeof(state));

    ff_init_range_decoder(c, f->avctx->extradata, f->avctx->extradata_size);
    ff_build_rac_states(c, 0.05 * (1LL << 32), 256 - 8);

    f->version = get_symbol(c, state, 0);
    if (f->version < 2) {
        av_log(f->avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Invalid version in global header\n");
        return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
    }
    if (f->version > 2) {
        c->bytestream_end -= 4;
        f->micro_version = get_symbol(c, state, 0);
    }
    f->ac = f->avctx->coder_type = get_symbol(c, state, 0);
    if (f->ac > 1) {
        for (i = 1; i < 256; i++)
            f->state_transition[i] = get_symbol(c, state, 1) + c->one_state[i];
    }

    f->colorspace                 = get_symbol(c, state, 0); //YUV cs type
    f->avctx->bits_per_raw_sample = get_symbol(c, state, 0);
    f->chroma_planes              = get_rac(c, state);
    f->chroma_h_shift             = get_symbol(c, state, 0);
    f->chroma_v_shift             = get_symbol(c, state, 0);
    f->transparency               = get_rac(c, state);
    f->plane_count                = 1 + (f->chroma_planes || f->version<4) + f->transparency;
    f->num_h_slices               = 1 + get_symbol(c, state, 0);
    f->num_v_slices               = 1 + get_symbol(c, state, 0);

    if (f->num_h_slices > (unsigned)f->width  || !f->num_h_slices ||
        f->num_v_slices > (unsigned)f->height || !f->num_v_slices
       ) {
        av_log(f->avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "slice count invalid\n");
        return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
    }

    f->quant_table_count = get_symbol(c, state, 0);
    if (f->quant_table_count > (unsigned)MAX_QUANT_TABLES)
        return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;

    for (i = 0; i < f->quant_table_count; i++) {
        f->context_count[i] = read_quant_tables(c, f->quant_tables[i]);
        if (f->context_count[i] < 0) {
            av_log(f->avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "read_quant_table error\n");
            return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
        }
    }
    if ((ret = ffv1_allocate_initial_states(f)) < 0)
        return ret;

    for (i = 0; i < f->quant_table_count; i++)
        if (get_rac(c, state)) {
            for (j = 0; j < f->context_count[i]; j++)
                for (k = 0; k < CONTEXT_SIZE; k++) {
                    int pred = j ? f->initial_states[i][j - 1][k] : 128;
                    f->initial_states[i][j][k] =
                        (pred + get_symbol(c, state2[k], 1)) & 0xFF;
                }
        }

    if (f->version > 2) {
        f->ec = get_symbol(c, state, 0);
        if (f->micro_version > 2)
            f->intra = get_symbol(c, state, 0);
    }

    if (f->version > 2) {
        unsigned v;
        v = av_crc(av_crc_get_table(AV_CRC_32_IEEE), 0,
                   f->avctx->extradata, f->avctx->extradata_size);
        if (v) {
            av_log(f->avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "CRC mismatch %X!\n", v);
            return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
        }
    }

    if (f->avctx->debug & FF_DEBUG_PICT_INFO)
        av_log(f->avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG,
               "global: ver:%d.%d, coder:%d, colorspace: %d bpr:%d chroma:%d(%d:%d), alpha:%d slices:%dx%d qtabs:%d ec:%d intra:%d\n",
               f->version, f->micro_version,
               f->ac,
               f->colorspace,
               f->avctx->bits_per_raw_sample,
               f->chroma_planes, f->chroma_h_shift, f->chroma_v_shift,
               f->transparency,
               f->num_h_slices, f->num_v_slices,
               f->quant_table_count,
               f->ec,
               f->intra
              );
    return 0;
}

The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary. This may result in read or write operations on unexpected memory locations that could be linked to other variables, data structures, or internal program data.