sctp_disposition_t sctp_sf_do_5_1C_ack(struct net *net,
				       const struct sctp_endpoint *ep,
				       const struct sctp_association *asoc,
				       const sctp_subtype_t type,
				       void *arg,
				       sctp_cmd_seq_t *commands)
{
	struct sctp_chunk *chunk = arg;
	sctp_init_chunk_t *initchunk;
	struct sctp_chunk *err_chunk;
	struct sctp_packet *packet;

	if (!sctp_vtag_verify(chunk, asoc))
		return sctp_sf_pdiscard(net, ep, asoc, type, arg, commands);

	/* 6.10 Bundling
	 * An endpoint MUST NOT bundle INIT, INIT ACK or
	 * SHUTDOWN COMPLETE with any other chunks.
	 */
	if (!chunk->singleton)
		return sctp_sf_violation_chunk(net, ep, asoc, type, arg, commands);

	/* Make sure that the INIT-ACK chunk has a valid length */
	if (!sctp_chunk_length_valid(chunk, sizeof(sctp_initack_chunk_t)))
		return sctp_sf_violation_chunklen(net, ep, asoc, type, arg,
						  commands);
	/* Grab the INIT header.  */
	chunk->subh.init_hdr = (sctp_inithdr_t *) chunk->skb->data;

	/* Verify the INIT chunk before processing it. */
	err_chunk = NULL;
	if (!sctp_verify_init(net, ep, asoc, chunk->chunk_hdr->type,
			      (sctp_init_chunk_t *)chunk->chunk_hdr, chunk,
			      &err_chunk)) {

		sctp_error_t error = SCTP_ERROR_NO_RESOURCE;

		/* This chunk contains fatal error. It is to be discarded.
		 * Send an ABORT, with causes.  If there are no causes,
		 * then there wasn't enough memory.  Just terminate
		 * the association.
		 */
		if (err_chunk) {
			packet = sctp_abort_pkt_new(net, ep, asoc, arg,
					(__u8 *)(err_chunk->chunk_hdr) +
					sizeof(sctp_chunkhdr_t),
					ntohs(err_chunk->chunk_hdr->length) -
					sizeof(sctp_chunkhdr_t));

			sctp_chunk_free(err_chunk);

			if (packet) {
				sctp_add_cmd_sf(commands, SCTP_CMD_SEND_PKT,
						SCTP_PACKET(packet));
				SCTP_INC_STATS(net, SCTP_MIB_OUTCTRLCHUNKS);
				error = SCTP_ERROR_INV_PARAM;
			}
		}

		/* SCTP-AUTH, Section 6.3:
		 *    It should be noted that if the receiver wants to tear
		 *    down an association in an authenticated way only, the
		 *    handling of malformed packets should not result in
		 *    tearing down the association.
		 *
		 * This means that if we only want to abort associations
		 * in an authenticated way (i.e AUTH+ABORT), then we
		 * can't destroy this association just because the packet
		 * was malformed.
		 */
		if (sctp_auth_recv_cid(SCTP_CID_ABORT, asoc))
			return sctp_sf_pdiscard(net, ep, asoc, type, arg, commands);

		SCTP_INC_STATS(net, SCTP_MIB_ABORTEDS);
		return sctp_stop_t1_and_abort(net, commands, error, ECONNREFUSED,
						asoc, chunk->transport);
	}

	/* Tag the variable length parameters.  Note that we never
	 * convert the parameters in an INIT chunk.
	 */
	chunk->param_hdr.v = skb_pull(chunk->skb, sizeof(sctp_inithdr_t));

	initchunk = (sctp_init_chunk_t *) chunk->chunk_hdr;

	sctp_add_cmd_sf(commands, SCTP_CMD_PEER_INIT,
			SCTP_PEER_INIT(initchunk));

	/* Reset init error count upon receipt of INIT-ACK.  */
	sctp_add_cmd_sf(commands, SCTP_CMD_INIT_COUNTER_RESET, SCTP_NULL());

	/* 5.1 C) "A" shall stop the T1-init timer and leave
	 * COOKIE-WAIT state.  "A" shall then ... start the T1-cookie
	 * timer, and enter the COOKIE-ECHOED state.
	 */
	sctp_add_cmd_sf(commands, SCTP_CMD_TIMER_STOP,
			SCTP_TO(SCTP_EVENT_TIMEOUT_T1_INIT));
	sctp_add_cmd_sf(commands, SCTP_CMD_TIMER_START,
			SCTP_TO(SCTP_EVENT_TIMEOUT_T1_COOKIE));
	sctp_add_cmd_sf(commands, SCTP_CMD_NEW_STATE,
			SCTP_STATE(SCTP_STATE_COOKIE_ECHOED));

	/* SCTP-AUTH: genereate the assocition shared keys so that
	 * we can potentially signe the COOKIE-ECHO.
	 */
	sctp_add_cmd_sf(commands, SCTP_CMD_ASSOC_SHKEY, SCTP_NULL());

	/* 5.1 C) "A" shall then send the State Cookie received in the
	 * INIT ACK chunk in a COOKIE ECHO chunk, ...
	 */
	/* If there is any errors to report, send the ERROR chunk generated
	 * for unknown parameters as well.
	 */
	sctp_add_cmd_sf(commands, SCTP_CMD_GEN_COOKIE_ECHO,
			SCTP_CHUNK(err_chunk));

	return SCTP_DISPOSITION_CONSUME;
}

This vulnerability category highlights issues in resource management where failures to properly release memory, file handles, or other resources can degrade system performance or enable denial-of-service conditions.