static int flags_to_propagation_type(int flags)
{
	int type = flags & ~(MS_REC | MS_SILENT);

	/* Fail if any non-propagation flags are set */
	if (type & ~(MS_SHARED | MS_PRIVATE | MS_SLAVE | MS_UNBINDABLE))
		return 0;
	/* Only one propagation flag should be set */
	if (!is_power_of_2(type))
		return 0;
	return type;
}

This category addresses vulnerabilities caused by flawed access control mechanisms, where incorrect permission settings allow unauthorized users to access restricted resources.