static void warn_dirty_buffer(struct buffer_head *bh)
{
	char b[BDEVNAME_SIZE];

	printk(KERN_WARNING
	       "JBD2: Spotted dirty metadata buffer (dev = %s, blocknr = %llu). "
	       "There's a risk of filesystem corruption in case of system "
	       "crash.\n",
	       bdevname(bh->b_bdev, b), (unsigned long long)bh->b_blocknr);
}

The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary. This may result in read or write operations on unexpected memory locations that could be linked to other variables, data structures, or internal program data.