static int reiserfs_sync_file(struct file *filp, loff_t start, loff_t end,
			      int datasync)
{
	struct inode *inode = filp->f_mapping->host;
	int err;
	int barrier_done;

	err = filemap_write_and_wait_range(inode->i_mapping, start, end);
	if (err)
		return err;

	mutex_lock(&inode->i_mutex);
	BUG_ON(!S_ISREG(inode->i_mode));
	err = sync_mapping_buffers(inode->i_mapping);
	reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
	barrier_done = reiserfs_commit_for_inode(inode);
	reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
	if (barrier_done != 1 && reiserfs_barrier_flush(inode->i_sb))
		blkdev_issue_flush(inode->i_sb->s_bdev, GFP_KERNEL, NULL);
	mutex_unlock(&inode->i_mutex);
	if (barrier_done < 0)
		return barrier_done;
	return (err < 0) ? -EIO : 0;
}

This category addresses vulnerabilities caused by flawed access control mechanisms, where incorrect permission settings allow unauthorized users to access restricted resources.