static int virtio_net_handle_rx_mode(VirtIONet *n, uint8_t cmd,
                                     struct iovec *iov, unsigned int iov_cnt)
{
    uint8_t on;
    size_t s;
    NetClientState *nc = qemu_get_queue(n->nic);

    s = iov_to_buf(iov, iov_cnt, 0, &on, sizeof(on));
    if (s != sizeof(on)) {
        return VIRTIO_NET_ERR;
    }

    if (cmd == VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_RX_PROMISC) {
        n->promisc = on;
    } else if (cmd == VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_RX_ALLMULTI) {
        n->allmulti = on;
    } else if (cmd == VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_RX_ALLUNI) {
        n->alluni = on;
    } else if (cmd == VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_RX_NOMULTI) {
        n->nomulti = on;
    } else if (cmd == VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_RX_NOUNI) {
        n->nouni = on;
    } else if (cmd == VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_RX_NOBCAST) {
        n->nobcast = on;
    } else {
        return VIRTIO_NET_ERR;
    }

    rxfilter_notify(nc);

    return VIRTIO_NET_OK;
}

The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary. This may result in read or write operations on unexpected memory locations that could be linked to other variables, data structures, or internal program data.