static inline struct sk_buff *handle_ing(struct sk_buff *skb,
					 struct packet_type **pt_prev,
					 int *ret, struct net_device *orig_dev)
{
	struct netdev_queue *rxq = rcu_dereference(skb->dev->ingress_queue);

	if (!rxq || rxq->qdisc == &noop_qdisc)
		goto out;

	if (*pt_prev) {
		*ret = deliver_skb(skb, *pt_prev, orig_dev);
		*pt_prev = NULL;
	}

	switch (ing_filter(skb, rxq)) {
	case TC_ACT_SHOT:
	case TC_ACT_STOLEN:
		kfree_skb(skb);
		return NULL;
	}

out:
	skb->tc_verd = 0;
	return skb;
}

This category addresses vulnerabilities caused by flawed access control mechanisms, where incorrect permission settings allow unauthorized users to access restricted resources.