xfs_da3_node_toosmall(
	struct xfs_da_state	*state,
	int			*action)
{
	struct xfs_da_intnode	*node;
	struct xfs_da_state_blk	*blk;
	struct xfs_da_blkinfo	*info;
	xfs_dablk_t		blkno;
	struct xfs_buf		*bp;
	struct xfs_da3_icnode_hdr nodehdr;
	int			count;
	int			forward;
	int			error;
	int			retval;
	int			i;
	struct xfs_inode	*dp = state->args->dp;

	trace_xfs_da_node_toosmall(state->args);

	/*
	 * Check for the degenerate case of the block being over 50% full.
	 * If so, it's not worth even looking to see if we might be able
	 * to coalesce with a sibling.
	 */
	blk = &state->path.blk[ state->path.active-1 ];
	info = blk->bp->b_addr;
	node = (xfs_da_intnode_t *)info;
	dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&nodehdr, node);
	if (nodehdr.count > (state->node_ents >> 1)) {
		*action = 0;	/* blk over 50%, don't try to join */
		return(0);	/* blk over 50%, don't try to join */
	}

	/*
	 * Check for the degenerate case of the block being empty.
	 * If the block is empty, we'll simply delete it, no need to
	 * coalesce it with a sibling block.  We choose (arbitrarily)
	 * to merge with the forward block unless it is NULL.
	 */
	if (nodehdr.count == 0) {
		/*
		 * Make altpath point to the block we want to keep and
		 * path point to the block we want to drop (this one).
		 */
		forward = (info->forw != 0);
		memcpy(&state->altpath, &state->path, sizeof(state->path));
		error = xfs_da3_path_shift(state, &state->altpath, forward,
						 0, &retval);
		if (error)
			return(error);
		if (retval) {
			*action = 0;
		} else {
			*action = 2;
		}
		return(0);
	}

	/*
	 * Examine each sibling block to see if we can coalesce with
	 * at least 25% free space to spare.  We need to figure out
	 * whether to merge with the forward or the backward block.
	 * We prefer coalescing with the lower numbered sibling so as
	 * to shrink a directory over time.
	 */
	count  = state->node_ents;
	count -= state->node_ents >> 2;
	count -= nodehdr.count;

	/* start with smaller blk num */
	forward = nodehdr.forw < nodehdr.back;
	for (i = 0; i < 2; forward = !forward, i++) {
		struct xfs_da3_icnode_hdr thdr;
		if (forward)
			blkno = nodehdr.forw;
		else
			blkno = nodehdr.back;
		if (blkno == 0)
			continue;
		error = xfs_da3_node_read(state->args->trans, dp,
					blkno, -1, &bp, state->args->whichfork);
		if (error)
			return(error);

		node = bp->b_addr;
		dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&thdr, node);
		xfs_trans_brelse(state->args->trans, bp);

		if (count - thdr.count >= 0)
			break;	/* fits with at least 25% to spare */
	}
	if (i >= 2) {
		*action = 0;
		return 0;
	}

	/*
	 * Make altpath point to the block we want to keep (the lower
	 * numbered block) and path point to the block we want to drop.
	 */
	memcpy(&state->altpath, &state->path, sizeof(state->path));
	if (blkno < blk->blkno) {
		error = xfs_da3_path_shift(state, &state->altpath, forward,
						 0, &retval);
	} else {
		error = xfs_da3_path_shift(state, &state->path, forward,
						 0, &retval);
	}
	if (error)
		return error;
	if (retval) {
		*action = 0;
		return 0;
	}
	*action = 1;
	return 0;
}

This vulnerability category highlights issues in resource management where failures to properly release memory, file handles, or other resources can degrade system performance or enable denial-of-service conditions.