int ip_mc_output(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
	struct sock *sk = skb->sk;
	struct rtable *rt = skb_rtable(skb);
	struct net_device *dev = rt->dst.dev;

	/*
	 *	If the indicated interface is up and running, send the packet.
	 */
	IP_UPD_PO_STATS(dev_net(dev), IPSTATS_MIB_OUT, skb->len);

	skb->dev = dev;
	skb->protocol = htons(ETH_P_IP);

	/*
	 *	Multicasts are looped back for other local users
	 */

	if (rt->rt_flags&RTCF_MULTICAST) {
		if (sk_mc_loop(sk)
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_MROUTE
		/* Small optimization: do not loopback not local frames,
		   which returned after forwarding; they will be  dropped
		   by ip_mr_input in any case.
		   Note, that local frames are looped back to be delivered
		   to local recipients.

		   This check is duplicated in ip_mr_input at the moment.
		 */
		    &&
		    ((rt->rt_flags & RTCF_LOCAL) ||
		     !(IPCB(skb)->flags & IPSKB_FORWARDED))
#endif
		   ) {
			struct sk_buff *newskb = skb_clone(skb, GFP_ATOMIC);
			if (newskb)
				NF_HOOK(NFPROTO_IPV4, NF_INET_POST_ROUTING,
					newskb, NULL, newskb->dev,
					dev_loopback_xmit);
		}

		/* Multicasts with ttl 0 must not go beyond the host */

		if (ip_hdr(skb)->ttl == 0) {
			kfree_skb(skb);
			return 0;
		}
	}

	if (rt->rt_flags&RTCF_BROADCAST) {
		struct sk_buff *newskb = skb_clone(skb, GFP_ATOMIC);
		if (newskb)
			NF_HOOK(NFPROTO_IPV4, NF_INET_POST_ROUTING, newskb,
				NULL, newskb->dev, dev_loopback_xmit);
	}

	return NF_HOOK_COND(NFPROTO_IPV4, NF_INET_POST_ROUTING, skb, NULL,
			    skb->dev, ip_finish_output,
			    !(IPCB(skb)->flags & IPSKB_REROUTED));
}

This category addresses vulnerabilities caused by flawed access control mechanisms, where incorrect permission settings allow unauthorized users to access restricted resources.