static int vol_effect_process(effect_handle_t self,
 audio_buffer_t *in_buffer,
 audio_buffer_t *out_buffer)
{
 int status = 0;
    ALOGV("%s Called ", __func__);

 vol_listener_context_t *context = (vol_listener_context_t *)self;
    pthread_mutex_lock(&vol_listner_init_lock);

 if (context->state != VOL_LISTENER_STATE_ACTIVE) {
        ALOGE("%s: state is not active .. return error", __func__);
        status = -EINVAL;
 goto exit;
 }

 if (in_buffer->raw != out_buffer->raw) {
        memcpy(out_buffer->raw, in_buffer->raw, out_buffer->frameCount * 2 * sizeof(int16_t));
 } else {
        ALOGW("%s: something wrong, didn't handle in_buffer and out_buffer same address case",
              __func__);
 }

exit:
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&vol_listner_init_lock);
 return status;
}

The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary. This may result in read or write operations on unexpected memory locations that could be linked to other variables, data structures, or internal program data.