int cap_bprm_secureexec(struct linux_binprm *bprm)
{
	const struct cred *cred = current_cred();

	if (cred->uid != 0) {
		if (bprm->cap_effective)
			return 1;
		if (!cap_isclear(cred->cap_permitted))
			return 1;
	}

	return (cred->euid != cred->uid ||
		cred->egid != cred->gid);
}

This category addresses vulnerabilities caused by flawed access control mechanisms, where incorrect permission settings allow unauthorized users to access restricted resources.