static int jpeg2000_decode_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx, void *data,
                                 int *got_frame, AVPacket *avpkt)
{
    Jpeg2000DecoderContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
    ThreadFrame frame = { .f = data };
    AVFrame *picture = data;
    int tileno, ret;

    s->avctx     = avctx;
    bytestream2_init(&s->g, avpkt->data, avpkt->size);
    s->curtileno = -1;
    memset(s->cdef, -1, sizeof(s->cdef));

    if (bytestream2_get_bytes_left(&s->g) < 2) {
        ret = AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
        goto end;
    }

    if (bytestream2_get_bytes_left(&s->g) >= 12 &&
       (bytestream2_get_be32u(&s->g) == 12) &&
       (bytestream2_get_be32u(&s->g) == JP2_SIG_TYPE) &&
       (bytestream2_get_be32u(&s->g) == JP2_SIG_VALUE)) {
        if (!jp2_find_codestream(s)) {
            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR,
                   "Could not find Jpeg2000 codestream atom.\n");
            ret = AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
            goto end;
        }
    } else {
        bytestream2_seek(&s->g, 0, SEEK_SET);
    }

    while (bytestream2_get_bytes_left(&s->g) >= 3 && bytestream2_peek_be16(&s->g) != JPEG2000_SOC)
        bytestream2_skip(&s->g, 1);

    if (bytestream2_get_be16u(&s->g) != JPEG2000_SOC) {
        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "SOC marker not present\n");
        ret = AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
        goto end;
    }
    if (ret = jpeg2000_read_main_headers(s))
        goto end;

    /* get picture buffer */
    if ((ret = ff_thread_get_buffer(avctx, &frame, 0)) < 0)
        goto end;
    picture->pict_type = AV_PICTURE_TYPE_I;
    picture->key_frame = 1;

    if (ret = jpeg2000_read_bitstream_packets(s))
        goto end;

    for (tileno = 0; tileno < s->numXtiles * s->numYtiles; tileno++)
        if (ret = jpeg2000_decode_tile(s, s->tile + tileno, picture))
            goto end;

    jpeg2000_dec_cleanup(s);

    *got_frame = 1;

    if (s->avctx->pix_fmt == AV_PIX_FMT_PAL8)
        memcpy(picture->data[1], s->palette, 256 * sizeof(uint32_t));

    return bytestream2_tell(&s->g);

end:
    jpeg2000_dec_cleanup(s);
    return ret;
}

The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary. This may result in read or write operations on unexpected memory locations that could be linked to other variables, data structures, or internal program data.