ZEND_API char * zend_dtoa(double _d, int mode, int ndigits, int *decpt, int *sign, char **rve)
{
 /* Arguments ndigits, decpt, sign are similar to those
    of ecvt and fcvt; trailing zeros are suppressed from
    the returned string.  If not null, *rve is set to point
    to the end of the return value.  If d is +-Infinity or NaN,
    then *decpt is set to 9999.

    mode:
        0 ==> shortest string that yields d when read in
            and rounded to nearest.
        1 ==> like 0, but with Steele & White stopping rule;
            e.g. with IEEE P754 arithmetic , mode 0 gives
            1e23 whereas mode 1 gives 9.999999999999999e22.
        2 ==> max(1,ndigits) significant digits.  This gives a
            return value similar to that of ecvt, except
            that trailing zeros are suppressed.
        3 ==> through ndigits past the decimal point.  This
            gives a return value similar to that from fcvt,
            except that trailing zeros are suppressed, and
            ndigits can be negative.
        4-9 should give the same return values as 2-3, i.e.,
            4 <= mode <= 9 ==> same return as mode
            2 + (mode & 1).  These modes are mainly for
            debugging; often they run slower but sometimes
            faster than modes 2-3.
        4,5,8,9 ==> left-to-right digit generation.
        6-9 ==> don't try fast floating-point estimate
            (if applicable).

        Values of mode other than 0-9 are treated as mode 0.

        Sufficient space is allocated to the return value
        to hold the suppressed trailing zeros.
    */

	int bbits, b2, b5, be, dig, i, ieps, ilim = 0, ilim0, ilim1,
		j, j1, k, k0, k_check, leftright, m2, m5, s2, s5,
		spec_case = 0, try_quick;
	Long L;
#ifndef Sudden_Underflow
	int denorm;
	ULong x;
#endif
	Bigint *b, *b1, *delta, *mlo, *mhi, *S, *tmp;
	double ds;
	char *s, *s0;
	_double d, d2, eps;

	value(d) = _d;

	if (word0(d) & Sign_bit) {
		/* set sign for everything, including 0's and NaNs */
		*sign = 1;
		word0(d) &= ~Sign_bit;  /* clear sign bit */
	}
	else
		*sign = 0;

#if defined(IEEE_Arith) + defined(VAX)
#ifdef IEEE_Arith
	if ((word0(d) & Exp_mask) == Exp_mask)
#else
		if (word0(d)  == 0x8000)
#endif
		{
			/* Infinity or NaN */
			*decpt = 9999;
#ifdef IEEE_Arith
			if (!word1(d) && !(word0(d) & 0xfffff))
				return nrv_alloc("Infinity", rve, 8);
#endif
			return nrv_alloc("NaN", rve, 3);
		}
#endif
#ifdef IBM
	value(d) += 0; /* normalize */
#endif
	if (!value(d)) {
		*decpt = 1;
		return nrv_alloc("0", rve, 1);
	}

	b = d2b(value(d), &be, &bbits);
#ifdef Sudden_Underflow
	i = (int)(word0(d) >> Exp_shift1 & (Exp_mask>>Exp_shift1));
#else
	if ((i = (int)(word0(d) >> Exp_shift1 & (Exp_mask>>Exp_shift1)))) {
#endif
		value(d2) = value(d);
		word0(d2) &= Frac_mask1;
		word0(d2) |= Exp_11;
#ifdef IBM
		if (j = 11 - hi0bits(word0(d2) & Frac_mask))
			value(d2) /= 1 << j;
#endif

		/* log(x)   ~=~ log(1.5) + (x-1.5)/1.5
		 * log10(x)  =  log(x) / log(10)
		 *      ~=~ log(1.5)/log(10) + (x-1.5)/(1.5*log(10))
		 * log10(d) = (i-Bias)*log(2)/log(10) + log10(d2)
		 *
		 * This suggests computing an approximation k to log10(d) by
		 *
		 * k = (i - Bias)*0.301029995663981
		 *  + ( (d2-1.5)*0.289529654602168 + 0.176091259055681 );
		 *
		 * We want k to be too large rather than too small.
		 * The error in the first-order Taylor series approximation
		 * is in our favor, so we just round up the constant enough
		 * to compensate for any error in the multiplication of
		 * (i - Bias) by 0.301029995663981; since |i - Bias| <= 1077,
		 * and 1077 * 0.30103 * 2^-52 ~=~ 7.2e-14,
		 * adding 1e-13 to the constant term more than suffices.
		 * Hence we adjust the constant term to 0.1760912590558.
		 * (We could get a more accurate k by invoking log10,
		 *  but this is probably not worthwhile.)
		 */

		i -= Bias;
#ifdef IBM
		i <<= 2;
		i += j;
#endif
#ifndef Sudden_Underflow
		denorm = 0;
	}
	else {
		/* d is denormalized */

		i = bbits + be + (Bias + (P-1) - 1);
		x = i > 32  ? (word0(d) << (64 - i)) | (word1(d) >> (i - 32))
			: (word1(d) << (32 - i));
		value(d2) = x;
		word0(d2) -= 31*Exp_msk1; /* adjust exponent */
		i -= (Bias + (P-1) - 1) + 1;
		denorm = 1;
	}
#endif
	ds = (value(d2)-1.5)*0.289529654602168 + 0.1760912590558 + i*0.301029995663981;
	k = (int)ds;
	if (ds < 0. && ds != k)
		k--;    /* want k = floor(ds) */
	k_check = 1;
	if (k >= 0 && k <= Ten_pmax) {
		if (value(d) < tens[k])
			k--;
		k_check = 0;
	}
	j = bbits - i - 1;
	if (j >= 0) {
		b2 = 0;
		s2 = j;
	}
	else {
		b2 = -j;
		s2 = 0;
	}
	if (k >= 0) {
		b5 = 0;
		s5 = k;
		s2 += k;
	}
	else {
		b2 -= k;
		b5 = -k;
		s5 = 0;
	}
	if (mode < 0 || mode > 9)
		mode = 0;
	try_quick = 1;
	if (mode > 5) {
		mode -= 4;
		try_quick = 0;
	}
	leftright = 1;
	switch(mode) {
		case 0:
		case 1:
			ilim = ilim1 = -1;
			i = 18;
			ndigits = 0;
			break;
		case 2:
			leftright = 0;
			/* no break */
		case 4:
			if (ndigits <= 0)
				ndigits = 1;
			ilim = ilim1 = i = ndigits;
			break;
		case 3:
			leftright = 0;
			/* no break */
		case 5:
			i = ndigits + k + 1;
			ilim = i;
			ilim1 = i - 1;
			if (i <= 0)
				i = 1;
	}
	s = s0 = rv_alloc(i);

	if (ilim >= 0 && ilim <= Quick_max && try_quick) {

		/* Try to get by with floating-point arithmetic. */

		i = 0;
		value(d2) = value(d);
		k0 = k;
		ilim0 = ilim;
		ieps = 2; /* conservative */
		if (k > 0) {
			ds = tens[k&0xf];
			j = k >> 4;
			if (j & Bletch) {
				/* prevent overflows */
				j &= Bletch - 1;
				value(d) /= bigtens[n_bigtens-1];
				ieps++;
			}
			for(; j; j >>= 1, i++)
				if (j & 1) {
					ieps++;
					ds *= bigtens[i];
				}
			value(d) /= ds;
		}
		else if ((j1 = -k)) {
			value(d) *= tens[j1 & 0xf];
			for(j = j1 >> 4; j; j >>= 1, i++)
				if (j & 1) {
					ieps++;
					value(d) *= bigtens[i];
				}
		}
		if (k_check && value(d) < 1. && ilim > 0) {
			if (ilim1 <= 0)
				goto fast_failed;
			ilim = ilim1;
			k--;
			value(d) *= 10.;
			ieps++;
		}
		value(eps) = ieps*value(d) + 7.;
		word0(eps) -= (P-1)*Exp_msk1;
		if (ilim == 0) {
			S = mhi = 0;
			value(d) -= 5.;
			if (value(d) > value(eps))
				goto one_digit;
			if (value(d) < -value(eps))
				goto no_digits;
			goto fast_failed;
		}
#ifndef No_leftright
		if (leftright) {
			/* Use Steele & White method of only
			 * generating digits needed.
			 */
			value(eps) = 0.5/tens[ilim-1] - value(eps);
			for(i = 0;;) {
				L = value(d);
				value(d) -= L;
				*s++ = '0' + (int)L;
				if (value(d) < value(eps))
					goto ret1;
				if (1. - value(d) < value(eps))
					goto bump_up;
				if (++i >= ilim)
					break;
				value(eps) *= 10.;
				value(d) *= 10.;
			}
		}
		else {
#endif
			/* Generate ilim digits, then fix them up. */
			value(eps) *= tens[ilim-1];
			for(i = 1;; i++, value(d) *= 10.) {
				L = value(d);
				value(d) -= L;
				*s++ = '0' + (int)L;
				if (i == ilim) {
					if (value(d) > 0.5 + value(eps))
						goto bump_up;
					else if (value(d) < 0.5 - value(eps)) {
						while(*--s == '0');
						s++;
						goto ret1;
					}
					break;
				}
			}
#ifndef No_leftright
		}
#endif
fast_failed:
		s = s0;
		value(d) = value(d2);
		k = k0;
		ilim = ilim0;
	}

	/* Do we have a "small" integer? */

	if (be >= 0 && k <= Int_max) {
		/* Yes. */
		ds = tens[k];
		if (ndigits < 0 && ilim <= 0) {
			S = mhi = 0;
			if (ilim < 0 || value(d) <= 5*ds)
				goto no_digits;
			goto one_digit;
		}
		for(i = 1;; i++) {
			L = value(d) / ds;
			value(d) -= L*ds;
#ifdef Check_FLT_ROUNDS
			/* If FLT_ROUNDS == 2, L will usually be high by 1 */
			if (value(d) < 0) {
				L--;
				value(d) += ds;
			}
#endif
			*s++ = '0' + (int)L;
			if (i == ilim) {
				value(d) += value(d);
				if (value(d) > ds || (value(d) == ds && (L & 1))) {
bump_up:
					while(*--s == '9')
						if (s == s0) {
							k++;
							*s = '0';
							break;
						}
					++*s++;
				}
				break;
			}
			if (!(value(d) *= 10.))
				break;
		}
		goto ret1;
	}

	m2 = b2;
	m5 = b5;
	mhi = mlo = 0;
	if (leftright) {
		if (mode < 2) {
			i =
#ifndef Sudden_Underflow
				denorm ? be + (Bias + (P-1) - 1 + 1) :
#endif
#ifdef IBM
				1 + 4*P - 3 - bbits + ((bbits + be - 1) & 3);
#else
			1 + P - bbits;
#endif
		}
		else {
			j = ilim - 1;
			if (m5 >= j)
				m5 -= j;
			else {
				s5 += j -= m5;
				b5 += j;
				m5 = 0;
			}
			if ((i = ilim) < 0) {
				m2 -= i;
				i = 0;
			}
		}
		b2 += i;
		s2 += i;
		mhi = i2b(1);
	}
	if (m2 > 0 && s2 > 0) {
		i = m2 < s2 ? m2 : s2;
		b2 -= i;
		m2 -= i;
		s2 -= i;
	}
	if (b5 > 0) {
		if (leftright) {
			if (m5 > 0) {
				mhi = pow5mult(mhi, m5);
				b1 = mult(mhi, b);
				Bfree(b);
				b = b1;
			}
			if ((j = b5 - m5)) {
				b = pow5mult(b, j);
			}
		} else {
			b = pow5mult(b, b5);
		}
	}
	S = i2b(1);
	if (s5 > 0)
		S = pow5mult(S, s5);
	/* Check for special case that d is a normalized power of 2. */

	if (mode < 2) {
		if (!word1(d) && !(word0(d) & Bndry_mask)
#ifndef Sudden_Underflow
				&& word0(d) & Exp_mask
#endif
		   ) {
			/* The special case */
			b2 += Log2P;
			s2 += Log2P;
			spec_case = 1;
		} else {
			spec_case = 0;
		}
	}

	/* Arrange for convenient computation of quotients:
	 * shift left if necessary so divisor has 4 leading 0 bits.
	 *
	 * Perhaps we should just compute leading 28 bits of S once
	 * and for all and pass them and a shift to quorem, so it
	 * can do shifts and ors to compute the numerator for q.
	 */
#ifdef Pack_32
	if ((i = ((s5 ? 32 - hi0bits(S->x[S->wds-1]) : 1) + s2) & 0x1f))
		i = 32 - i;
#else
	if ((i = ((s5 ? 32 - hi0bits(S->x[S->wds-1]) : 1) + s2) & 0xf))
		i = 16 - i;
#endif
	if (i > 4) {
		i -= 4;
		b2 += i;
		m2 += i;
		s2 += i;
	}
	else if (i < 4) {
		i += 28;
		b2 += i;
		m2 += i;
		s2 += i;
	}
	if (b2 > 0)
		b = lshift(b, b2);
	if (s2 > 0)
		S = lshift(S, s2);
	if (k_check) {
		if (cmp(b,S) < 0) {
			k--;
			b = multadd(b, 10, 0);  /* we botched the k estimate */
			if (leftright)
				mhi = multadd(mhi, 10, 0);
			ilim = ilim1;
		}
	}
	if (ilim <= 0 && mode > 2) {
		if (ilim < 0 || cmp(b,S = multadd(S,5,0)) <= 0) {
			/* no digits, fcvt style */
no_digits:
			k = -1 - ndigits;
			goto ret;
		}
one_digit:
		*s++ = '1';
		k++;
		goto ret;
	}
	if (leftright) {
		if (m2 > 0)
			mhi = lshift(mhi, m2);

		/* Compute mlo -- check for special case
		 * that d is a normalized power of 2.
		 */

		mlo = mhi;
		if (spec_case) {
			mhi = Balloc(mhi->k);
			Bcopy(mhi, mlo);
			mhi = lshift(mhi, Log2P);
		}

		for(i = 1;;i++) {
			dig = quorem(b,S) + '0';
			/* Do we yet have the shortest decimal string
			 * that will round to d?
			 */
			j = cmp(b, mlo);
			delta = diff(S, mhi);
			j1 = delta->sign ? 1 : cmp(b, delta);
			Bfree(delta);
#ifndef ROUND_BIASED
			if (j1 == 0 && !mode && !(word1(d) & 1)) {
				if (dig == '9')
					goto round_9_up;
				if (j > 0)
					dig++;
				*s++ = dig;
				goto ret;
			}
#endif
			if (j < 0 || (j == 0 && !mode
#ifndef ROUND_BIASED
						&& !(word1(d) & 1)
#endif
						)) {
				if (j1 > 0) {
					b = lshift(b, 1);
					j1 = cmp(b, S);
					if ((j1 > 0 || (j1 == 0 && (dig & 1)))
							&& dig++ == '9')
						goto round_9_up;
				}
				*s++ = dig;
				goto ret;
			}
			if (j1 > 0) {
				if (dig == '9') { /* possible if i == 1 */
round_9_up:
					*s++ = '9';
					goto roundoff;
				}
				*s++ = dig + 1;
				goto ret;
			}
			*s++ = dig;
			if (i == ilim)
				break;
			b = multadd(b, 10, 0);
			if (mlo == mhi)
				mlo = mhi = multadd(mhi, 10, 0);
			else {
				mlo = multadd(mlo, 10, 0);
				mhi = multadd(mhi, 10, 0);
			}
		}
	}
	else
		for(i = 1;; i++) {
			*s++ = dig = quorem(b,S) + '0';
			if (i >= ilim)
				break;
			b = multadd(b, 10, 0);
		}

	/* Round off last digit */

	b = lshift(b, 1);
	j = cmp(b, S);
	if (j > 0 || (j == 0 && (dig & 1))) {
roundoff:
		while(*--s == '9')
			if (s == s0) {
				k++;
				*s++ = '1';
				goto ret;
			}
		++*s++;
	}
	else {
		while(*--s == '0');
		s++;
	}
ret:
	Bfree(S);
	if (mhi) {
		if (mlo && mlo != mhi)
			Bfree(mlo);
		Bfree(mhi);
	}
ret1:

	_THREAD_PRIVATE_MUTEX_LOCK(pow5mult_mutex);
	while (p5s) {
		tmp = p5s;
		p5s = p5s->next;
		free(tmp);
	}
	_THREAD_PRIVATE_MUTEX_UNLOCK(pow5mult_mutex);

	Bfree(b);

	if (s == s0) {              /* don't return empty string */
		*s++ = '0';
		k = 0;
	}
	*s = 0;
	*decpt = k + 1;
	if (rve)
		*rve = s;
	return s0;
}