Reconstr Surg 65: 83–90
269–280
Maunsell J H R, Van Essen D C 1987 Topographic organization of the
Mascorro J A, Yates R D 1974 Intervention of abdominal paraganglia.
middle temporal visual area in the macaque monkey: representational
An ultrastructural study. J Morphol 142: 153–164
biases and the relationship to callosal connections and myeloarchitec-
Mascorro J A, Yates R D 1975 A review of abdominal paraganglia. tonic boundaries. J Comp Neurol 266: 535–555
Ultrastructure, mitotic cells, catecholamine release, innervation, light
Mauro A 1961 Satellite cells of skeletal muscle fibers. J Biophys Biochem
and dark cells, vascularity. In: Hess M (ed) Electron microscopic con-
Cytol 9: 493–495
cepts of secretion. Ultrastructure of endocrinal and reproductive organs.
Wiley: New York: pp 435–452 Mauro A (ed) 1979 Muscle regeneration. Raven Press: New York
Mash D C, White F W, Mesulam M-M 1988 Distribution of muscarinic Mautulionis D H 1975 Ultrastructural study of mouse olfactory epithe-
receptor subtypes within architectonic subregions of the primate cere- lium following destruction by ZnSO4 and its subsequent regeneration. e177
bral cortex. J Comp Neurol 278: 265–274 Amer J Anat 142: 67–90


Historical BiBliograpHy
Maw A R, Parker A J 1993 A model to refine the selection of children McDevitt W E 1989 Functional anatomy of the masticatory system.
with otitis media with effusion of adenoidectomy. Clin Otolaryngol Butterworth: London
18(3): 164–170 McDonald D M, Mitchell R A 1975 The innervation of glomus cells,
Maxwell G D, Forbes M E 1987 Exogenous basement-membrane-like ganglion cells and blood vessels in the rat carotid body: a quantitative
matrix stimulates adrenergic development in avian neural crest cultures. ultrastructural analysis. J Neurocytol 4: 177–230
Development 101: 767–776 McDonnell D, Reza Nouri M, Todd M E 1994 The mandibular lingual
May M 1986 The Facial Nerve. Thieme: New York foramen: a consistent arterial foramen in the middle of the mandible.
Mayfield J K, Johnson R P, Kilcoyne R F 1976 The ligaments of the J Anat 184: 363–370
human wrist and their functional significance. Anat Rec 186: 417–428 McDougall J D B 1955 The attachments of the masseter muscle. Br Dent
Mayhall J T, Dahlberg A A, Owen D G 1970 Torus mandibularis in an J 98: 193–199
Alaskan Eskimo population. Am J Phys Anthropol 33: 57–60 McEwen B S, Coirini H, Schumacher M 1990 Steroid effects on neuronal
Mayne R, von der Mark K 1983 Collagens of cartilage. In: Hall B K (ed) activity: when is the genome involved. Ciba Foundation Symposium
Cartilage. Vol 1. Structure, function and biochemistry. Academic Press: 153: 3–21
New York: pp 181–214 McFadzean R, Brosnahan D, Hadley D, Mutlukane E 1994 Representa-
Mayne R, Burgeson R E 1987 Structure and function of collage types. tion of the visual field in the occipital striate cortex. Br J Ophthalmol
Academic Press: London 78: 185–190


Mays L E 1984 Neural control of vergence eye movements: convergence McFarlane R M 1974 Pattern of the diseased fascia in the fingers in
and divergence neurons in the midbrain. J Neurophysiol 51: Dupuytren’s contractures. Plastic Reconstruct Surg 54: 31–44
1091–1108 McGeer T 1992 Principles of walking and running. In: Alexander R McN
McAllen R M 1986a Identification and properties of sub-retrofacial (ed) Mechanics of animal locomotion. Adv Comp Envir Physiol 11:
bulbospinal neurones: a descending cardiovascular pathway in the cat. 114–139
J Auton Nerv Syst 17(2): 151–164 McGinnis W, Krumlauf R 1992 Homeobox genes and axial patterning.
McAllen R M 1986b Location of neurones with cardiovascular and Cell 68: 283–302
respiratory function, at the ventral surface of the cat’s medulla. Neuro- McGrath J, Solter D 1984 Inability of mouse blastomere nuclei trans-
science 18(1): 43–49 ferred to enucleated zygotes to support development in vitro. Science
McCabe J S, Low F N 1969 The subarachnoid angle: an area of transition 226: 1317–1319
in peripheral nerve. Anatomic Rec 164: 15–34 McGrath P 1971 The volume of the human pharyngeal hypophysis in
McCallum W C 1988 Potentials related to expectancy, preparation and relation to age and sex. J Anat 110: 275–282
motor activity. In: Picton T W (ed) Human event related potentials. McGrath P 1974 The pharyngeal hypophysis in some laboratory
Elsevier: Amsterdam: pp 427–534 animals. J Anat 117: 95–115
McCarthy G, Blamire A M, Puce A, Nobre A C, Bloche G, Hyder F et al McGrath P 1977 The cavernous sinus: anatomical survey. Aust NZ J Surg
1994 Functional magnetic resonance imaging of human prefrontal 47: 601–613


cortex activation during a spatial working memory task. Proc Natl Acad McGrath P 1978 Aspects of the human pharyngeal hypophysis in
Sci USA 91: 8690–8694 normal and anencephalic fetuses and neonates and their possible sig-
McClearn D, Noden D M 1988 Ontogeny of architectural complexity nificance in the mechanism of its control. J Anat 127: 65–81
in embryonic quail visceral arch muscles. Am J Anat 183: 277–293 McGrouther D A 1982 The microanatomy of Dupuytren’s contracture.
McClure C F W, Butler E G 1925 The development of the vena cava Hand 13: 215–236
inferior in man. Am J Anat 35: 331–384 McGrouther D A 1990 The palm. In: McFarlane R M, McGrouther D A,
McColl I 1967 The comparative anatomy and pathology of anal glands. Flint M H (eds) Dupuytren’s disease, biology and treatment. Churchill
Ann R Coll Surg 40: 36–67 Livingstone: Edinburgh: pp 127–135
McConnell S 1989 Trends Neurosci 12: 342–349 McIndoe A H, Counsellor V S 1927 The bilaterality of the liver. Arch
McConnell S K 1992 Sem Neurosci 4: 347–356 Surg 13: 589–612
McConnell S K, Ghosh A, Shatz C J 1989 Science 245: 978–982 McKee G J, Ferguson M W J 1984 The effects of mesencephalic neural
crest cell extrapation on the development of chicken embryos. J Anat
McConnell S K, Kasnowski C E 1991 Science 254: 282–285
139: 491–512
McConnell S K, Ghosh A, Shatz CJ 1994 Subplate pioneers and the
McKelvy J F 1974 Biochemical neuronendocrinology. I. Biosynthesis of
formation of descending connections from cerebral cortex. J Neurosci
thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) by organ culture of mammalian
14(4): 1892–1907


hypothalamus. Brain Res 65: 489–502
McCormick D A, Lavond D G, Clark G A, Kettner R G, Rising C, Thomp-
McKenna Boot P, Rowden G, Walsh N 1992 Distribution of Merkel cells
son R F 1981 The engram found? Role of the cerebellum in classical
in human fetal and adult skin. Am J Dermatol 14: 391–396
conditioning of nictitating membrane and eyelid responses. Bull Psy-
chonomic Soc 18: 103–105 McKenzie J 1948 The parotid gland in relation to the facial nerve. J Anat
82: 183–186
McCormick D A, Thompson R F 1984 Cerebellum: essential involve-
ment in the classically conditioned eyelid response. Science 223: McKenzie J 1955 A Bronze Age burial near Stonehaven, Kincardineshire.
296–299 J Anat 89: 579P
McCormick D, McQuaid S, McCuzker C, Allen I V 1990 A study of McKern T W, Stewart T D 1957 Skeletal age changes in young American
glutamine synthetase in normal brain and intracranial tumours. Neu- males. Tech Rep EP 45. Environmental Protection Research Div Natick,
ropathol Appl Neurobiol 16: 205–211 Massachusetts
McCormick W F 1969 Vascular disorders of nervous tissue: anomalies, McKinley B J, Oldfield B J 1980 Circumventricular organs. In: Paxinos
malformations and aneurysms. In: Bourne G H (ed) Structure and func- G (ed) The human nervous system. Academic Press: New York: pp
tion of the nervous tissue, vol 3. Academic Press: New York: pp 415–438
537–596 McLachlan E M 1974 The formation of synapses in mammalian sym-
McCrimmon D R, Speck D F, Feldman J L 1987 Role of the ventrolateral pathetic ganglia reinnervated with preganglionic or somatic nerves.
region of the nucleus of the tractus solitarius in processing respiratory J Physiol 237: 217–242


afferent input from vagus and superior laryngeal nerves. Exp Brain Res McLachlan J A, Nelson K G, Takahashi T, Bossert N L, Newbold R R,
449–459 Korach K S 1991 Do growth factors mediate estrogen action in the
McCuskey R S, Chapman T M 1969 Microscopy of the living pancreas uterus? New biology of steroid hormones. Serono Symposium 74:
in situ. Am J Anat 126: 395–407 337–344
McCutchen C W 1959 Sponge-hydrostatic and weeping bearings. McLaren A 1985 Relating of germ cell sex to gonadal differentiation. In:
Nature 184: 1284–1285 Halvorsen H O, Monroy A (eds) The origin and evolution of sex. Alan
R Liss: New York: pp 289–300
McDermott M R, Befus A D, Bienenstock J 1982 The structural basis for
e178 immunity in the respiratory tract. Int Rev Exp Pathol 23: 47–112


Historical BiBliograpHy
McLaren A 1988 The developmental history of female germ cells in Mehler W R 1962 The anatomy of the so-called ‘pain tract in man’: an
mammals. In: Clarke J (ed) Oxford reviews of reproduction. Vol 10. analysis of the course and distinction of the ascending fibres of the
Oxford University Press: Oxford: pp 162–179 fasciculus anterolateralis. In: French J D, Porter R W (eds) Basic research
McLaurin C L 1988 Cutaneous reaction patterns in blacks. Dermatol in paraplegia. Charles C Thomas: Springfield: pp 26–55
Clin 6: 353–362 Mehler W R 1974 Central pain and the spinothalamic tract. Adv Neurol
McLean F C, Urist M R 1969 Bone: an introduction to the physiology 4: 127–146
of skeletal tissue. 2nd edition. Chicago University Press: Chicago Mehler W R 1980 Subcortical afferent connections of the amygdala in
McLeish R D, Charnley J 1970 Abduction forces in the one-legged the monkey. J Comp Neurol 190: 733–762
stance. J Biomech 3: 191–209 Mehler W R, Feferman M E, Nauta W J H 1960 Ascending axon degen-
McMahon A P, Bradley A 1990 The Wnt-1 (int-1) proto-oncogene is eration following anterolateral cordotomy. An experimental study in
required for development of a large region of the mouse brain. Cell 62: the monkey. Brain 83: 718–750
1073–1085 Mehta H J, Gardner W U 1961 A study of lumbrical muscles in the
McManis P G, Low P A, Lagerlund T D 1993 Microenvironment of human hand, Am J Anat 109: 227–238
nerve: blood flow and ischemia. In: Dyck P J, Thomas P K, Griffin J W, Mei N 1970 Disposition anatomique et propriétés électrophysiologiques


Low P A, Poduslo J F (eds) Pheripheral neuropathy 3rd edition. W B des neurones sensitifs vagaux chez le chat. Exp Brain Res 11: 465–479
Saunders: Philadelphia: pp 453–473 Mei N, Dussardier M 1966 Études des lésions pulmonaries produites
McManners T 1983 Odontoid hypoplasia. Br J Radiol 56: 907–910 par la section des fibres sensitives vagales. J Physiol 58: 427–431
McManus I C, Bryden M P 1991 Geschwind’s theory of cerebral laterali- Meier S 1979 Development of the chick mesoblast. Formation of the
zation: developing a formal, causal model. Psychol Bull 110: 237–253 embryonic axis and the establishment of the metameric pattern. Dev
McMasters R E, Weiss A H, Carpenter M B 1966 Vestibular projections Biol 38: 73–90
to the nuclei of the extraocular muscles. Degeneration resulting from Meier S 1981 Development of the chick–embryo mesoblast: morpho-
discrete partial lesions of the vestibular nuclei in the monkey. Am J Anat genesis of the prechordal plate and cranial segments. Dev Biol 83:
118: 163–194 49–61
McMenemin I M, Sissons G R, Brownridge P 1992 Accidental subdural Meier S, Packard D S Jr 1984 Morphogenesis of the cranial segments
catheterization: radiological evidence of a possible mechanism for and distribution of neural crest in the embryos of the snapping turtle,
spinal cord damage. Br J Anaesth 69: 417–419 Chelydra serpentina. Dev Biol 102: 309–323
McMinn R M H 1969 Tissue repair. Academic Press: New York Melander A 1970 Amines and mouse thyroid activity: release of thyroid
McMinn R M H, Kugler J H 1961 The glands of the bile and pancreatic hormone by catecholamines and indoleamines and its inhibition by
ducts: autoradiographic and histochemical studies. J Anat 95: 1–11 adrenergic blocking drugs. Acta Endocrinol 65: 371–384


McMinn R M H, Mitchell J E 1954 The formation of villi following Melander A 1977 Aminergic regulation of thyroid activity: importance
artificial lesions of the mucosa in the small intenstine of the cat. J Anat of the sympathetic innervation and of the mast cells of the thyroid
88: 99–107 gland. Acta Med Scand 201: 257–262
McMinn R M, Taylor M 1978 Ultrastructure of fibrils in developing Melander A 1978 Sympathetic nervous-adrenal medullary system. In:
human and guinea-pig tympanic membrane. J Anat 125(1): 107–115 Werner S C, Ingbar S H (eds) The thyroid–a fundamental and clinical
text. Harper & Row: New York: pp 216–221
McNab Jones R F 1979 anatomy of the mouth, pharynx and oesopha-
gus. In: Scott-Brown’s diseases of the ear nose and theroat, 4th edn., Vol Melander A, Ericson L E, Sundler F, Westgren U 1975 Intrathyroidal
1. Basic sciences, Ch 8. Butterworths: London: pp 263–302 amines in the regulation of thyroid activity. Rev Physiol 73: 39–71
McNamara J A J 1972 Dual functions of the lateral pterygoid muscle: a Melander A, Nilsson E, Sundler F 1972 Sympathetic activation of
study of Macaca mulatta. Anat Rec 172: 360 [Abstract] thyroid hormone secretion in mice. Endocrinology 90: 194–199
McNeal J E 1975 Structure and pathology of the prostate. In: Goland Melcher A H, Walker T W 1976 The periodontal ligament in attachment
M (ed) Normal and Abnormal Growth of the Prostate. Thomas: Spring- and as a shock absorber. In: Poole D F G, Stack M V (eds) The eruption
field, Illinois: pp 55–65 and occlusion of teeth. Butterworths: London: pp 183–192
McNeill M E 1977 An unusual organelle in the pineal gland of the rat. Melkumyants A M, Balashov S A 1990 Effects of blood-viscosity on


Cell Tissue Res 184: 133–137 arterial flow induced dilator response. Cardiovascular Research 24:
165–168
McVay C B, Anson B J 1940a Aponeurotic and fascial continuities in
the abdomen, pelvis and thigh. Anat Rec 76: 213–232 Meller K, Breipohl W, Glees P 1969 Ontogony of the mouse motor
cortex. The polymorph layer or layer VI. A Golgi and electronmicro-
McVay C B, Anson B J 1940b Composition of the rectus sheath. Anat
scopical study. Z Zellforsch 99: 443–458
Rec 77: 213–225
Mellert T K, Getchell M L, Sparks L, Getchell T V 1992 Characterization
Mélèse T, Xue Z 1995 The nucleolus: an organelle formed by the act of
of the immune barrier in human olfactory mucosa. Otolaryngol-Head
building a ribosome. Curr Opin Cell Biol 7: 319–324
Neck Surg 106: 181–188
Meachim G 1982 Age-related degeneration of patellar articular cartilage.
Melzack R 1973 The puzzle of pain. Basic Books: New York
J Anat 134: 365–371
Melzack R, Wall P D 1965 Pain mechanisms: a new theory. Science 150:
Meachim G, Allibone R 1984 Topographical variation in calcified zone
971–979
of upper femoral articular cartilage. J Anat 139: 341–352
Menard D 1989 Growth-promoting factors and the development of the
Meachim G, Denham D, Emergy I H, Wilkinson P H 1974 Collagen
human gut. In: Lebenthal E (ed) Human gastrointestinal development.
alignments and artificial splits at the surface of human articular carti-
Raven Press: New York: pp 123–150
lage. J Anat 188: 101–118
Menco B P 1984 Ciliated and microvillous structures of rat and olfac-
Meachim G, Stockwell R A 1978 The matrix. In: Freeman M A R (ed)


tory and nasal respiratory epithelia. A study using ultra-rapid cryo-
Adult articular cartilage. 2nd edition. Pitman Medical: London: pp
fixation followed by freeze-substitution or freeze-etching. Cell Tissue
1–67
Res 235: 225–241
Mears D C 1971 Effects of parathyroid hormone and thyrocalcitonin
Menco B P M 1983 The ultrastructure of olfactory and nasal respiratory
on the membrane potential of osteoclasts. Endocrinology 88:
epithelium surfaces. In: Reznik G, Stinson SF (eds) Nasal tumours in
1021–1028
animals and man. Anatomy, physiology and epidemiology, vol 1. CRC
Meban C 1980 Thickness of the air-blood barriers in vertebrate lungs. Press Inc: Boca Raton, Florida. pp 45–102
J Anat 131: 299–307
Menco B P M, Dodd G H, Davey M, Bannister L H 1976 Presence of
Mecham R P, Heuser J 1990 Three dimensional organization of extracel- membrane particles in freeze-etched bovine olfactory cilia. Nature 263:
lular matrix in elastic cartilage as viewed by quick freeze, deep etch 597–599
electron microscopy. Connect Tissue Res 24: 83–93
Menco B P, Bruch R C, Dau B, Danho W 1992 Ultrastructural localiza-
Mechanik N 1934 Das Venesystem der Herzwände. Z Anat EntwGesch tion of olfactory transduction components: the G protein subunit Golf
103: 813–843 alpha and type III adenylyl cyclase. Neuron 8: 441–453
e179


Historical BiBliograpHy
Menco B P, Tekula F D, Farbman A I, Danho W 1990 Developmental Mesulam M-M, Mufson E J, Levey A I, Wainer B H 1983 Cholinergic
expression of G-proteins and adenylyl cyclase in peripheral olfactory innervation of cortex by the basal forebrain: cytochemistry and cortical
systems. Light microscopic and freeze-substitution electron microscopic connections of the septal area, diagonal band nuclei, nucleus basalis
immunocytochemistry. J Neurocytol 23(11): 708–727 (substantia innominata) and hypothalamus in the rhesus monkey.
Mendell L M 1966 Physiological properties of unmyelinated fiber pro- J Comp Neurol 214: 170–197
jections to the spinal cord. Exp Neurol 16: 316–332 Mesulam M-M, Mufson E J, Wainer B H, Levey A I 1983 Central cholin-
Mendell L M, Wall P D 1964 Presynaptic hyperpolarization: a role for ergic pathways in the rat: an overview based on an alternative nomen-
fine afferent fibres. J Physiol 172: 274–294 clature (Ch1–Ch6). Neuroscience 10: 1185–1201
Mennerick S, Zorumski C F 1994 Glial contributions to excitatory neu- Mesulam M-M, Rosen A D, Mufson E J 1984 Regional variations in
rotransmission in cultured hippocampal cells. Nature 368: 59–62 cortical cholinergic innervation: chemoarchitectonics of acetylcho-
linesterase-containing fibers in the macaque brain. Brain Res 311:
Menning A von, Schumacher G H, Lau H, Schultz M, Himstedt H W
245–258
1974 Zur Topographie der muskularen Nervenausbreitungen 6. Untere
Extremität, Glutealmuskeln. Anat Anz 135: 302–314 Meszaros T, Kery L 1980 Quantitative analysis of growth of the hip. A
radiologic study. Acta Orthop Scand 51: 275–283


Menton D N, Simmons D J, Orr B Y, Plurad S B 1982 A cellular invest-
ment of bone marrow. Anat Rec 203: 157–164 Metz C B, Monroy A (eds) 1967 and 1969 Fertilization 2 vol. Academic
Press: New York
Mercier R, Vanneuville G, Bresson P et al 1970a Etude de la structure
osseuse de la branche horizontale du maxillaire in inférieur apport des Meuli H C H 1980 Arthroplasty of the wrist. Clin Orthop 149:
techniques radiographiques. Lab Anat Clermont Ferrand. C R Ass Anat 118–125
149: 891–901 Meunier M, Bachevalier J, Mishkin M, Murray E A 1993 Effects on visual
Mercier R, Vanneuville G, Bresson P et al 1970b Etude des lignes de recognition of combined and separate ablations of the entorhinal and
force des corticales du maxillaire inférieur par la méthode des lignes de perirhinal cortex in rhesus monkeys. J Neurosci 13: 5418–5432
fissuration colorées. Lab Anat Clermont Ferrand. C R Ass Anat 149: Meyer A W 1917 Studies on hemal nodes. VII. The development and
902–913 function of hemal nodes. Am J Anat 21: 375–406
Meredith M, Marques D M, O’Connell R J, Stern F L 1980 Vomeronasal Meyer D B, O’Rahilly R 1976 The onset of ossification in the human
pump: significance for male hamster sexual behavior. Science 207: calcaneus. Anat Embryol (Berl) 150: 19–33
1224–1226 Meyer H 1867 Die Architektur der Spongiosa. Arch Anat Physiol 47:
Meredith M, O’Connell R J 1979 Efferent control of stimulus access to Meyer M, Matsuoka I, Wetmore C, Thoenen H 1992 Enhanced synthesis
the hamster vomeronasal organ. J Physiol 186: 301–316 of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the lesioned peripheral nerve:


Meredith M, O’Connell R J 1988 HRP uptake by olfactory and vomero- different mechanisms are responsible for the regulation of BDNF and
nasal receptor neurons: use as an indicator of incomplete lesions and NGF mRNA. J Cell Biol 119: 45–54
relevance for non-volatile chemoreception. Chem Senses 13: 487–515 Meyer R 1938 Zur Frage der Enticklung der menschlichen Vagina:
Merendino K A, Johnson R J, Skinner H H, Maguire R X 1956 Intradia- Vagina infima septa und andere Besonderheiten. Arch Gynecol 167:
phragmatic distribution of phrenic nerve with particular reference to 306–338
placement of diaphragmatic incisions and controlled segmental paraly- Meyer W W, Lind J 1966 Postnatal changes in the portal circulation.
sis, Surg Gynec Obstet 39: 189–198 Arch Dis Child 41: 606–612
Merideth J, Mendez C, Mueller J W, Moe G K 1968 Electrical excitability Meyrick B, Reid L 1968 The alveolar brush cell in rat lung–a third
of atrioventricular nodal cells. Circ Res 23: 69–85 pneumonocyte, J Ultrastruct Res 23: 71–80
Merigan W H, Maunsell J H R 1993 How parallel are the primate visual Meyrick B, Reid L 1970 Ultrastructure of cells in the human bronchial
pathways? Ann Rev Neurosci 16: 369–402 submucosal glands. J Anat 107: 281–299
Merimee T J, Zapf J, Hewlett B, Cavalli-Sforza L L 1987 Insulin-like Meyrick B, Reid L 1978 The effect of continued hypoxia on rat pulmo-
growth factors in pygmies. The role of puberty in determining final nary arterial circulation. Lab Invest 38: 188–200
stature. N Eng J Med 316: 906–911
Miale I L, Sidman R L 1961 An autoradiographic analysis of the his-


Merklin R J, Michels N A 1958 The variant renal and suprarenal blood togenesis of the mouse cerebellum. Exp Neurol 4: 227–296
supply with data on the inferior phrenic, ureteral and gonadal arteries:
Michael R P, Rees H D 1982 Autoradiographic localization of 3H-
a statistical analysis based on 185 dissections and a review of the litera-
dihydrotestosterone in the preoptic area, hypothalamus, and amygdala
ture. J Int Coll Surg 29: 41–76
of a male rhesus monkey. Life Sci 30: 2087–2093
Merrick W C 1992 Mechanisms and regulation of eukaryotic protein
Michels N A 1962 The anatomic variations of the arterial pancreaticod-
synthesis. Microbiol Rev 56: 291–315
uodenal arcades: their import in regional resection involving the gall
Merrill E G 1974 Finding a respiratory function for the medullary res- bladder, bile ducts, liver, pancreas and parts of the small and large
piratory neurons. In: Bellairs R, Gray E G Clarendon: Oxford: pp intestines. J Int Coll Surg 37: 13–40
451–486
Michels N A 1966 Newer anatomy of the liver and its variant blood
Merrill J P, Murray J E, Harrison J H, Guild W R 1956 Successful homo- supply and collateral circulation. Am J Surg 112: 337–347
transplantation of the human kidney between identical twins. J Am
Michelsohn A, Anderson D J 1992 Changes in competence determine
Med Assoc 160: 277–282
the timing of two sequential glucocorticoid effects on sympathoadrenal
Merzenich M M, Kaas, J H, Sur M, Lin C-S 1978 Double representation progenitors. Neuron 8: 589–604
of the body surface within cytoarchitectonic areas 3b and 1 in ‘SI’ in
Middlebrooks J C, Clock A E, Xu L, Green D M 1994 A panoramic code
the owl monkey (Aotus trivirgatus). J Comp Neurol 181: 41–74


for sound location by cortical neurons. Science 264: 842–844
Merzenich M M, Nelson R J, Stryker M P, Cynader M S, Schoppmann
Midgley A R, Pierce G B Jr, Deneau G A, Gosling J R 1963 Morphogen-
A, Zook J M 1984 Somatosensory cortical map changes following digit
esis of syncitiotrophoblast in vivo: an autoradiographic demonstration.
amputation in adult monkeys. J Comp Neurol 224: 591–605
Science 141: 349–350
Mesulam M (ed) 1982 Principles of horseradish peroxidase neurohis-
Mierzwa J, Kozielec T 1975 Variation of the anterior cardiac veins. Folia
tochemical connections and their applications for tracing neural path-
Morphol 34: 125–133
ways in microscopical analysis. In: Tracing neural connections with
horseradish peroxidase. Wiley: New York: pp 1–152 Miescher F 1871 On the chemical composition of pus cells. Hoppe-
Seyler’s Med Chem Untersuch 4: 441–460. Reprinted in Gabriel M L,
Mesulam M M, Van Hoesen G W, Pandya D N, Geshwind N 1977
Fogel S 1955 Great experiments in biology. Prentice-Hall: New Jersey
Limbic and sensory connections of the inferior parietal lobule (area PG)
in the rhesus monkey: a study with a new method for horseradish Migliari R, Riva A, Lantini M S, Melis M, Usai E 1992 Diffuse lymphoid
peroxidase histochemistry. Brain Res 136: 393–414 tissue associated with the human bulbourethral gland. An immunohis-
tologic characterization. J Androl 13: 337–341
Mesulam M-M, Mufson E J 1985 The insula of Reil in man and monkey.
Architectonics, connectivity and function. In: Peters A, Jones E G (eds) Mihara M, Miho M, Suyama Y, Shimao S 1992 Scanning electron micro-


Cerebral cortex. Vol 4. Association and auditory cortices. Plenum Press: scopy of the epidermal lemina densa in normal human skin. J. Invest
e180 New York: pp 179–226 Dermatol 99: 572–578


Historical BiBliograpHy
Mikami A, Nakamura K, Kubota K 1994 Neuronal responses to photo- Miller S C, Jee W S S 1992 Bone lining cells. In: Hall B K (ed) Bone.
graphs in the superior temporal sulcus of the rhesus monkey. Behav Vol 4. Bone metabolism and mineralization. CRC Press: Boca Raton:
Brain Res 60: 1–13 pp 1–19
Mikata A, Niki R 1971 Permeability of postcapillary venules of the Miller W S 1947 The lung. 2nd edition, Thomas: Springfield, Illinois
lymph nodes. An electron microscopic study. Exp Molec Pathol 4: Milley P S, Nichols D H 1971 The relationship between the puboure-
209–215* thral ligament and the urogenital diaphragm in the human female. Anat
Miki H, Bellhorn M B, Henkind P 1975 Specializations of the retinoc- Rec 170: 281–283
horoid juncture. Invest Ophthal 14: 701–7 Milligan E T C, Morgan C N, Jones L E, Officer R 1937 Surgical anatomy
Mikic Z 1992 The blood supply of the human distal radioulnar joint of anal canal and operative treatment of haemorrhoids. Lancet 2:
and the microvasculature of its articular disk. Clin Orthop 275: 1119–1124
19–28 Millington P F, Wilkinson R 1983 Skin. In: Harrison R J, McMinn R M
Mikic Z, Somer L, Somer T 1992 Histologic structure of the articular H (eds) Biological structure and function 9. Cambridge University
disk of the human distal radioulnar joint. Clin Orthop 275: 29–36 Press: Cambridge
Mikic Z Dj 1978 Age changes in the triangular fibrocartilage of the wrist Mills E, Jöbsis F F 1972 Mitochondrial respiratory chain of carotid body
joint. J Anat 126: 367–384 and chemoreceptor response to changes in oxygen tension. J Neuro-


Mikkelsen J D, Møller M 1990 A direct neural projection from the physiol 35: 405–428
intergeniculate leaflet of the lateral geniculate nucleus to the deep Mills K R 1991 Magnetic brain stimulation: a tool to explore the action
pineal gland of the rat, demonstrated with phaseolus vulgaris leucoag- of the motor cortex on single human spinal motoneurones. TINS 14:
glutinin. Brain Res 520: 342–346 401–405
Milam A H, Dacey D M, Dizhoor A M 1993 Recovering reactivity in Mills R W 1917 The relation of bodily habits to visceral form, position,
mammalian cone bipolar cells. Vis Neurosci 10: 1–12 tonus and motility. Am J Roentg 4: 155–169
Milburn A 1973 The early development of muscle spindles in the rat. Mills R W 1922 X-ray evidence of abdominal small intestinal states
J Cell Sci 12: 175–195 embodying an hypothesis of the transmission of gastro-intestinal
Miledi R, Molinoff P, Potter L T 1971 Isolation of the cholinergic recep- tension. Am J Roentg 9: 199–225
tor protein of Torpedo electric tissue. Nature 229: 554–557 Milner B 1974 Hemispheric specialization: scope and limits. In: Schmitt
Miles A E W 1958 Sebaceous glands in the lip and cheek mucosa of F O, Worden F G (eds) The neurosciences, third study program. MIT
man. Br Dent J 105: 235–248 Press: Cambridge, Massachusetts
Milford L 1968 Retaining ligaments of the digits of the hand. W B Mincsev M 1967 Bilocular gall bladder. Orvoskepzes 42: 286–298
Saunders: Philadelphia Minkoff E C 1974 The Fürbinger hypothesis of nerve-muscle specificity
Milhorat T H 1972 Hydrocephalus and the cerebrospinal fluid. Wil- re-examined, Can J Zool 52: 525–532
liams and Wilkins: Baltimore Minkoff R, Rundus V R, Parker S B, Beyer E C, Hertzberg E L 1993 Con-


Millar J, Basbaum A I 1975 Topography of the projection of the body nexin expression in the developing avian cardiovascular system. Circ
surface of the cat to cuneate and gracile nuclei. Exp Neurol 49(1 Pt 1): Res 73: 71–78
281–290 Minneman R P, Lynch H, Wurtman R J 1974 Relationship between
Millen J W Woollam D H M 1953 Vascular patterns in the choroid environmental light intensity and retina-mediated suppression of rat
plexus. J Anat 87: 114–123 pineal serotonin N-acetyltransferase. Life Sci 15: 1791–1796
Miller A D 1990 Respiratory muscle control during vomiting. Can J Minns R J, Stevens F S 1977 The collagen fibre organisation in human
Physiol Pharmacol 68: 237–241 articular cartilage J Anat 123: 437–457
Miller C S, Nummikosi P V, Barnett D A, Langlais R P 1990 Cross- Minsky B D, Chlapowski F J 1978 Morphometric analysis of the trans-
sectional tomography. A diagnostic technique for determining the buc- location of lumenal membrane between cytoplasm and cell surface of
colingual relationship of impacted third molars and the inferior alveolar transitional epithelial cells during the expansion-contraction cycles of
neurovascular bundle. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Path 70(6): 791–797 mammalian urinary bladder. J Cell Biol 77: 685–697
Miller E K, Li L, Desimone R 1991 A neural mechanism for working Mintz B 1960 Embryological phases of mammalian gameto-genesis.
and recognition memory in inferior temporal cortex. Science 254: J cell Comp Physiol 56: (Suppl 1): 31–47
1377–1379 Miragall F, Dermietzel R 1992 Immunocytochemical localization of cell
Miller E K, Li L, Desimone R 1993 Activity of neurons in anterior infe- adhesion molecules in the developing and mature olfactory system.
rior temporal cortex during a short-term memory task. J Neurosci 13: Microsc Res Techn 23: 157–172


1460–1478 Miragall F, Kadmon G, Schachner M 1989 Expression of L1 and N-CAM
Miller J D, Adams J H 1992 The pathophysiology of raised intracranial cell adhesion molecules during development of the mouse olfactory
pressure. In: Adams J H, Duchen L W (eds) Greenfield’s neuropathol- system. Devel Biol 135: 272–286
ogy, 5th edition. Edward Arnold: London: pp 69–105 Mishima S, Maurice D M 1961 The effect of normal evaporation on the
Miller J W, Hall C M, Holland K D, Ferrendelli J A 1989 Identification eye. Exp Eye Res 1: 46–52
of a median thalamic system regulating seizures and arousal. Epilepsia Mishkin M 1978 Memory in monkeys severely impaired by combined
30: 493–500 but not by separate removal of amygdala and hippocampus. Nature
Miller L H, Carter R 1976 Innate resistance in malaria. Exp Parasitol 40: 273: 297–298
132–146 Mitchell B S, Ahmed E, Stauber V V 1993 Projections of the guinea pig
Miller M R, Kasahara M 1959 Cutaneous innervation of the human paracervical ganglion to pelvic viscera. Histochem J 25: 51–56
breast. Anat Rec 135: 153–167 Mitchell B S, Stauber V V 1993 Localization of substance P and leucine
Miller N, Kiel S M, Green R W, Clark A W 1982 Unilateral Duane’s enkephalin in the nerve terminals of the guinea pig paracervical gan-
retraction syndrome (Type 1). Arch Ophthalmol 100: 1468–1472 glion. Histochem J 25: 144–149
Miller R A, Strominger N L 1973 Efferent connections of the red nucleus Mitchell G A G 1935 Innervation of distal colon, Edinb Med J 42:
in the brainstem and spinal cord of the rhesus monkey. J Comp Neurol 11–20
152: 327–346 Mitchell G A G 1950 Renal fascia. Br J Surg 37: 257–266


Miller R L, Chaudhry A P 1976 Comparative ultrastructure of vallate, Mitchell G A G 1952 Rostral extremities of sympathetic trunks, Nature
foliate and fungiform taste buds of golden Syrian hamster. Acta Anat 129: 533–534
95: 75–92 Mitchell G A G 1953 Anatomy of the autonomic nervous system. Liv-
Miller S C, de Saint-Georges L, Bowman B M, Jee W S S 1989 Bone ingstone: Edinburgh
lining cells: structure and function. Scanning Microscopy 3: 953–961 Mitchell G A G 1956 Cardiovascular innervation. Churchill Livingstone:
Miller S C, Jee W S S 1987 The bone lining cell: a distinct phenotype? Edinburgh
Calcif Tiss Int 41: 1–5 Mitchell G A G, Warwick R 1955 The dorsal vagus nucleus. Acta Anat
25: 371–395 e181


Historical BiBliograpHy
Mitchell L S, Griffiths I R, Morrison S, Barrie J A, Kirkham D, McPhilmey Mogenson G, Jones D L, Yim C Y 1984 From motivation to action:
K 1990 Expression of myelin protein gene transcripts by Schwann cells functional interface between the limbic system and the motor system.
of regenerating nerve. J Neurosci Res 27: 125–135 Prog Neurobiol 14: 69–97
Mitchell P 1961 Coupling of phosphorylation to electron and hydrogen Mogilner A et al 1993 Somatosensory cortical plasticity in adult humans
transfer by a chemi-osmotic type of mechanism. Nature 191: revealed by magnetoencephalography. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90 (Neu-
144–148 rorad): 3593–3597
Mittal R K 1990 Current concepts of the antireflux barrier. Gastroenterol Mohiuddin A 1953 Vagal preganglionic fibres to the alimentary canal.
Clin North Am 19: 501–516 J Comp Neurol 99: 289–318
Mittwoch U 1988 The race to be male. New Scientist: 38–42 Molenaar W M, Lee V M, Trojanowski J Q 1990 Early fetal acquisition
Mittwoch U 1992 Sex determination and sex reversal: genotype, phe- of the chromaffin and neuronal immunophenotype by human adrenal
notype, dogma and semantics. Hum Genet 89: 467–479 medullary cells. An immunohistological study using monoclonal anti-
bodies to chromogranin A, synatophysin, tyrosine hydroxylase and
Miura M, Reis D J 1969 Termination and secondary projections of
neuronal cytoskeletal proteins. Exp Neurol 108: 1–9
carotid sinus nerve in the cat brain stem. Am J Physiol 217: 142–153
Moligner A, Grossman J A, Ribary U, Joliot M, Volkman J, Rapaport D,
Miyabara S, Okamoto N, Akimoto N, Satow Y, Kidaka N 1974 Meckel’s


Beasley R W, Llinas R R 1993 Somatosensory cortical plasticity in adult
diverticulum found at autopsy a feto-pathological study of sixty-one
humans revealed by magnetoencephalography. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
cases. Hiroshima J Med Sci 23(2-3): 179–190
90: 3593–3597
Miyazaki S 1985 Bilateral innervation of the superior oblique muscle
Moll I, Lane A T, Franke W W, Moll R 1990 Intraepidermal formation
by the trochlear nucleus. Brain Res 348: 52–56
of Merkel cells in xenografted human fetal skin. J Invest Dermatol 94:
Miyazawa K 1992 Role of epidermal growth factor in obstetrics and 359–364
gynecology. Obstet Gynecol 79: 1032–1040
Moll I, Moll R, Franke W 1986 Formation of epidermal and dermal
Miyazono K, Heldin C H 1989 High-yield purification of platelet- Merkel cells during human fetal skin development. J Invest Dermatol
derived endothelial cell growth factor: structural characterization and 87: 779–787
establishment of a specific antiserum. Biochemistry 28: 1704–1710
Mollgard K, Moller M, Kimble J 1973 Histochemical investigations on
Miyazono K, Ichijo M, Heldin C H 1993 Transforming growth factor B the human fetal subcommissural organ. II. The ‘large granules’. Histo-
Latent forms, binding proteins and receptors. Growth Factors 8: chemie 37(1): 61–74
11–22
Mollison P L, Engelfriet C P, Contreras M 1987 Blood transfusion in
Mizeres N J 1963 The cardiac plexus in man. Am J Anat 112 141–151 clinical medicine. 8th edition. Blackwell: Oxford
Mizrachi Y, Naranjo J R, Levi B Z, Pollard H B, Lelkes P I 1990 PC12 Mollon J D, Bowmaker J K 1992 The spatial arrangement of cones in


cells differentiate into chromaffin cell-like phenotype in co-culture with the primate fovea. Nature 360: 677–679
adrenal medullary endothelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87:
Molnar Z, Blakemore C 1991 Nature 351: 475–477
6161–6165
Monaco S, Gehrmann J, Raivich G, Kreutzberg G W 1992 MHC-positive,
Mizuno M 1991 Human respiratory muscles: fibre morphology and
ramified macrophages in the normal and injured rat peripheral nervous
capillary supply. Eur Resp J 4: 587–601
system. Neurocytol 21: 623–634
Mjör I A 1969 Bone lamellae. Acta Anat 73: 127–135
Monaghan A P, Davidson D R, Sime C et al 1991 The Msh-like home-
Möller E 1966 The chewing apparatus: an electromyographic study of obox genes define domains in the developing vertebrate eye. Develop-
the action of the muscles of mastication and its correlation to facial ment 112(4): 1053–1061
morphology. Acta Physiol Scand 69 (Suppl 280)
Monakow C von 1882 Weitere Mitteilungen über durch Exstirpation
Mocek F W, Anderson D R, Pochettino A, Hammond R L, Spanta A, circumscripter Hirnrindenreigionem bedingte Entwickelungshem-
Ruggiero R, Thomas G, Lu H, Fietsam R, Nakajima H, Nakajima H, mungen des Kaninchegehirns. Arch Psychiat. NervKrankh 12: 141–156,
Krakovsky A, Hooper T, Niinami H, Colson M, Levine S, Salmons S, 535–549
Stephenson L W 1992 Skeletal muscle ventricles in circulation long-
Monakow C von 1905 Gehirnpathologie, 2nd edition, Hölder: Vienna
term: 191 to 836 days. J Heart Lung Transplant 11: S334–340
Moniem K A, Glover T D 1972 Alkaline Phosphatase in the cytoplasmic


Mochereau M T 1963 Ann Biol Anim Biochem Biophys 3:
droplet of mammalian spermatozoa. J Reprod Fertil 29: 65–69
Mochon S, McMahon T A 1980 Ballistic walking: an improved model.
Montagna W, Carlisle K, 1979 Structural changes in aging human skin,
Math Biosci 52: 241–260
J Invest Dermatol 73: 47–53
Modi J P 1957 Jurisprudence and toxicology. Tripathi Private: Bombay
Montagna W, Kligman A M, Carlisle K S 1992 Atlas of normal human
Modic M T, Weinstein M A, Rothner D, Evenberg G, Duchesneau P M, skin. Springer-Verlag: New York
Kaufman B 1980 Calcification of the choroid plexus visualized by com-
Montagna W, Kligman A M, Weupper K D, Bentley J P (eds) 1979
puted tomography. Neuroradiol 135: 369–372
Special issue on ageing of skin. J Invest Dermatol 73
Moens P 1974 Quantitative electron microscopy of chromosome organ-
Montagu M F A 1951 Wallbrook frontal bone. Am J Phys Anthropol 9:
ization at meiotic prophase. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 28:
5–14
99–107
Montagu M F A 1960 An introduction to physical anthropology. 3rd
Moffat D B 1959 Developmental changes in the aortic arch system of
edition. Thomas: Springfield, Illinois
the rat. Am J Anat 105: 1–36
Montandon P, Gacek R R, Kimura R S 1970 Crista neglecta in the cat
Moffat D B 1961a The development of the anterior cerebral artery and
and human. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 79: 105–112
its related vessels in the rat. Am J Anat 108: 17–29
Montarolo P G, Palestini M, Strata P 1982 The inhibitory effect of
Moffat D B 1961b The development of the ophthalmic artery in the rat.


olivocerebellar input on the cerebellar Purkinje cells in the rat. J Physiol
Anat Rec 140: 217–222
332: 187–202
Moffat D B 1975 The mammalian kidney. Cambridge University Press
Montarras D, Chelly J, Bober E, Arnold H, Ott M-O, Gros F, Pinset C
Moffat D B 1982 Developmental abnormalities of the urogenital 1991 Developmental patterns in the expression of Myf-5, MyoD, myo-
system. In: Chisholm G D, Williams D I (eds) Scientific foundations of genin and MRF4 during myogenesis. New Biologist 3: 592–600
urology. 2nd edition. Heinemann Medical: London: pp 357–372
Moody R O 1927 The position of the abdominal viscera in healthy
Moffet B C Jr 1957 The prenatal development of the human tempero- young British and American adults. J Anat 61: 223–231
mandibular joint. Contrib Embryol 36: 19–28
Moor R M, Osborn J, Cran D, Walters D 1981 Selective effect of gona-
Moffett B C, Johnson L C, McCabe J B, Askew H C 1964 Articular dotrophins on cell coupling, nuclear maturation and protein synthesis
remodelling in the adult human temporomandibular joint. Am J Anat in mammalian oocytes. J Embryol Exp Morphol 61: 347–365
115: 119–142
Moore A, Krummen L A, Mather J P 1994 Inhibins, activins, their
Moffie D 1975 Spinothalamic fibres, pain conduction and cordotomy. binding proteins and receptors: interactions underlying paracrine activ-
Clin Neurol Neurosurg 78: 261–268 ity in the testis. Mol Cell Endocrin 100: 81–86
e182


Historical BiBliograpHy
Moore J K 1987 The human auditory brain stem: a comparative view. cochlear nuclei: organization and function. Plenum Press New York: pp
Hearing Res 29: 1–32 1–18
Moore J K, Osen K K 1979 The cochlear nuclei in man. Am J Anat 154: Moretti G, Rebora A (eds) 1976 Striae distensae. Brocade Spa: Milan
393–418 Morgan D L, Proske U 1984 Vertebrate slow muscle: its structure,
Moore P B, Huxley H E & DeRosier D J 1970 Three dimensional recon- pattern of innervation, and mechanical properties. Physiol Rev 64:
struction of F-actin, thin filaments and decorated thin filaments. J Mol 103–169
Biol 50: 279–295 Morgan J D 1959 Blood supply of the growing rabbit’s tibia. J Bone Jt
Moore R Y 1989 Organisation and function of a central nervous system Surg 41B: 185–203
circadian oscillator: the suprachiasmatic hypothalamic nucleus. Fed Morgan M D L, De Troyer A 1984 The individuality of chest wall motion
Proc 42: 2783–2789 in tetraplegics. Bull Eur Physiopathol Resp 20: 547–552
Moorman A F, Lamers W H 1992 A molecular approach towards the Morgan M D, Gourlay A R, Denison D M 1984 An optical method of
understanding of early heart development: an emerging synthesis. studying the shape and movement of the chest wall in recumbent
Symp Soc Exp Biol 46: 285–300 patients. Thorax 39: 101–106
Moorman S J, Hume R I 1990 Growth cones of chick sympathetic pre- Morgan M D, Gourlay A R, Silver J R, Williams S J, Denison D M 1985
ganglionic neurons in vitro interact with other neurons in a cell-specific Contribution of the rib cage to breathing in tetraplegia. Thorax 40:
manner. J Neurosci 10: 3158–3163 613–617


Moosavi H, Smith P, Heath D 1973 The Feyrter cell in hypoxia, Thorax Morgan M W 1944 Accommodation and its relation to convergence.
28: 729–741 Am J Optom 21: 183–195
Mooseker M S 1985 Organization, chemistry and assembly of the Morgan P J, King T P, Lawson W, Slater D, Davidson G 1992 Ultrastruc-
cytoskeletal apparatus of the intestinal brush border. Annu Rev Cell Biol ture of melatonin-responsive cells in the ovine pars tuberalis. Cell
1: 209–241 Tissue Res 263: 529–534
Mooseker M S, Tilney L G 1975 Organization of an actin filament- Morgan T H 1910 Sex-linked inheritance in Drosophila. Science 32:
membrane, complex. Filament polarity and membrane attachment in 120–122 Reprinted in Peters J A 1959 Classic papers in genetics. Pren-
the microvilli of intestinal epithelial cells J Cell Biol 67: 725–743 tice-Hall: New Jersey
Moradian-Oldak J, Weiner S, Addadi L, Landis W J, Traub W 1991 Elec- Morgan T H 1934 Experimental Embryology. Columbia University
tron imaging and diffraction study of individual crystals of bone, min- Press: New York
eralized tendon and synthetic carbonate apatite. Connect Tissue Res 25:
Morgan-Hughes J A 1986 Mitochondrial diseases. Trends Neurosci 9:
219–228
15–19
Moran D T, Rowley J C, Jafek B W, Lovell M A 1982 The fine structure
Mori H, Christensen A K 1980 Morphometric analysis of Leydig cells
of the olfactory mucosa in man. J Neurocytol 11: 721–746
in the normal testis. J Cell Biol 84: 340
Moran D T, Jafek B W, Eller P M, Rowley J C 3rd 1992 Ultrastructural
Mori K 1987 Monoclonal antibodies (2C5 and 4C9) against lactoseries
histopathology of human olfactory dysfunction. Microsc Res Techn 23:


carbohydrates identify subsets of olfactory and vomeronasal receptor
103–110
cells and their axons in the rabbit. Brain Res 408: 215–221
Moran D T, Jafek B W, Ellor P M, Rowley J C 3rd 1992 Ultrastructural
Mori K, Fujita S C, Imamura K, Obata K 1985 Immunohistochemical
histopathology of human olfactory dysfunction. Microsc Res Techn 23:
study of subclasses of olfactory nerve fibers and their projections to the
103–110
olfactory bulb in the rabbit. J Comp Neurol 242: 214–229
Moran D T, Jafek B W, Rowley J C 1985a Ultrastructure of the vomero-
Mori K, Kishi K, Ojima H 1983 Distribution of dendrites of mitral
nasal organ in man: a pilot study. Chem Senses 10: 420–421
displaced mitral, tufted and granule cells in the rabbit olfactory bulb. J
Moran D T, Jafek B W, Rowley J C III 1991 The vomeronasal (Jacobson’s) Comp Neurol 219: 339–355
organ in man: ultrastructure and frequency of occurrence. J Steroid
Mori K, Kishi, K, Ojima H 1983 Distribution of dendrites of mitral,
Biochem Molec Biol 39: 545–552
displaced mitral, tufted and granule cells in the rabbit olfactory bulb.
Moran D T, Rowley J C, Jafek B W 1982 Electron microscopy of the J Comp Neurol 219: 339–355
human epithelium reveals a new cell type: the microvillar cell. Brain
Mori S, Harruff R, Burr D B 1993 Microcracks in articular cartilage of
Res 253: 39–46
human femoral heads. Arch Pathol Lab Med 117: 197–198
Moran M A, Mufson E J, Mesulam M-M 1987 Neural inputs into the
Mori S, Leblond C P 1970 Electron microscopic identification of three
temporopolar cortex of the rhesus monkey. J Comp Neurol 256:


classes of oligodendrocytes and a preliminary study of their prolifera-
88–103
tive activity in the corpus callosum of young rats. J Comp Neurol 139:
Morant G M 1936 A biometric study of the human mandible. Biomet- 1–60
rics 28: 84–122
Moriarty G C 1975 Electron microscopic-immunocytohistochemical
Moreau J J, Ravon R. Caix M, Salamon G, Bassier G, Velut S 1985 Ana- studies of rat pituitary gonadotrophs: a sex difference in morphology
tomical basis of the microsurgical approach to the pineal gland. Anato- and cytochemistry of LH cells. Endocrinology 97: 1215–1225
mia Clinica 7: 3–13
Morin F, Schwartz H G, O’Leary J L 1951 Experimental study of the
Morecraft R J, Van Hoesen G W 1993 Frontal granular cortex input to spino-thalamic and related tracts. Acta Psychiat Neurol Scand 26:
the cingulate (M3), supplementary (M2) and primary (M1) motor 371–396
cortices in the rhesus monkey. J Comp Neurol 337: 669–689
Morrey B F, Adams R A 1992 Semiconstrained arthroplasty for the treat-
Morel A, Garrachty P E, Kaas J H 1993 Tonotopic organization, archi- ment of rheumatoid arthritis of the elbow. J Bone Jt Surg 74A:
tectonic fields, and connections of auditory cortex in macaque monkeys. 479–490
J Comp Neurol 335: 437–459
Morrey B F, Brian R S 1985 Total joint replacement. In: Morrey B F (ed)
Morel A, Kaas J H 1992 Subdivisions and connections of auditory cortex The elbow and its disorders. Saunders: Philadelphia: pp 546–569
in owl monkeys. J Comp Neurol 318: 27–63
Morris J F, Pow D V 1990 Widespread release of peptides in the central


Morell P, Norton W T 1980 Sci Am 242: 88–118 nervous system: quantitation of tannic acid-captured exocytosis. Anat
Moreno A M, Zapata A 1991 In situ effects of estrogens on the stroma Rec 231: 437–445
of rat thymus. In: Imhof B A, Berrih-Aknin S, Ezine S (eds) Lymphatic Morris-Kay G 1993 Retinoic acid and craniofacial development: mole-
tissues and in vivo immune responses. Dekker: New York: pp 81–87 cules and morphogenesis. Bioessays 15: 9–15
Moreno A, Murphy E A 1981 Inheritance of Kartagener syndrome. Am Morrison A B 1954 The levatores costarum and their nerve supply.
J Med Genet 8: 305–313 J Anat 88: 19–24
Morest D K 1967 Experimental study of the projections of the nucleus Morrison E E, Costanzo R M 1990 Morphology of the human olfactory
of the tractus solitarius and the area postrema in the cat. J Comp Neurol epithelium J Comp Neurol 297 1–13
130: 277–300
Morrison E E, Costanzo R M 1992 Morphology of olfactory epithelium
Morest D K 1993 The cellular basis for signal processing in the mam- in humans and other vertebrates. Microsc Res Techn 23: 49–61
malian cochlear nuclei. In: Merchan M A et al (eds) The mammalian e183


Historical BiBliograpHy
Morrison J B 1970 The mechanics of the knee joint in relation to normal Moyers R E 1950 Electromyographic analysis of certain muscles involved
walking. J Biomech 3: 51–61 in temporomandibular movement. Am J Orthodont 36: 481–515
Morrison J H, Foote S L, Bloom F E 1984 Regional, laminar, develop- Müller F 1977 The development of the anterior falcate and lacrimal
mental, and functional characteristics of noradrenaline and serotonin arteries in the human. Anat Embryol (Berl) 150: 207–227
innervation patterns in monkey cortex. In: Descarries L, Tomás R (eds) Münzer E, Wiener H 1902 Das Zwischen-und Mittelhirn des Kan-
Monoamine innervation of cerebral cortex. Alan R Liss: New York: pp inchens und die Beziehungen dieser Teile zum übrigen Centralnerven-
61–75 system, mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Pyramidenbahn und
Morrison S, Mitchell L S, Ecob-Prince M S, Griffiths I R, Thomson C E, Schleife. Mschr f Psychiat u Neurol 12: 241–279
Barrie J A, Kirkham D 1991 P 0 gene expression in cultured Schwann Mudge A W 1993 New ligands for Neu? Curr Biol 3: 361–364
cells. J Neurocytol 20: 769–780
Mudhar H S, Pollock R A, Wang C, Stiles C D, Richardson W D 1993
Moruzz G, Magoun H W 1949 Brainstem reticular formation and activa- PDGF and its receptors in the developing rodent retina and optic nerve.
tion of the EEG. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 1: 455–473 Development 118: 539–552
Moscatelli D, Gross J L, Rifkin D B 1981 Angiogenic factors stimulate Mueller J C, Jones A L, Long J A 1972 topographic and subcellular
plasminogen activator and collagenase production by capillary endothe- anatomy of the guinea pig gallbladder. Gastroenterology 63: 856–868


lial cells. J Cell Biol 91: 201a
Muggleton-Hariss A L, Hayflick L 1976 Cellular aging studied by the
Moss F P, Leblond C P 1971 Satellite cells as the source of nuclei in reconstruction of replicating cells form nuclei and cytoplasms isolated
muscles of growing rats. Anat Rec 170: 421–436 from normal human diploid cells. Exp Cell Res 103: 321–330
Moss-Salentijn A G M 1976 The epiphyseal vascularization of growth Mugnaini E 1965 ‘Dark cells’ in electron migrographs from the central
plates. A developmental study in the rabbit. Doctoral Thesis. Rijks nervous system of vertebrates. J Ultrastruct Res 12: 235–236
Universiteit: Utrecht
Mugnaini E 1970 The relationship between cytogenesis and the forma-
Moss-Salentijn L, Moss M L, Shinozuka M, Skalak R 1987 Morphologi- tion of different types of synaptic contact. Brain Res 17: 169–179
cal analysis and computer-aided, three dimensional reconstruction of
Mugnaini E, Floris A 1994 A unipolar brush-cell. A neglected neuron
chondrocytic columns in rabbit growth plates. J Anat 151: 157–167
of the cerebellar cortex. J Comp Neurol 339: 174–180
Moss-Saletnijn L 1975 Cartilage canals in the human spheno-occipital
Mugnaini E, Forstrønen P F 1967 Ultrastructural studies on cerebellar
synchondrosis during fetal life. Acta Anat 92: 595–606
histogenesis. I. Differentiation of granule cells and development of
Mossman H 1987 Vertebrate fetal membranes. Macmillan: London glomeruli; in the chick embryo. Z Zellforsch Mikrosk Anat 77:
Mott J C 1982 Control of the foetal circulation. J Exp Biol 100: 115–143
129–146 Muir A R 1954 The development of the ventricular part of the conduct-


Moulton D G, Celebi G, Fink R P 1970 Olfaction in mammals–two ing tissue in the heart of the sheep. J Anat 88: 381–391
aspects: proliferation of cells in the olfactory epithelium and sensitivity Muirhead E E, Germain G, Leach B E, Pitcock J A, Stephenson P, Brooks
to odours. In: Wolstenholme G E W, Knight J (eds) Taste and smell in B, Brosius W L, Daniels E G, Hinman J W 1972 Production of renom-
vertebrates. (Ciba Foundation Symposium.) Churchill: London: pp eduallary prostaglandins by renomeduallary interstitial cells grown in
227–245 tissue culture. Circ Res 31 (Suppl 2) 161–172
Mountcastle V B 1957 Modality and topographic properties of single Mukai N 1970 Axonal reaction of the optic nerve following heat coagu-
neurons of cat’s omatic sensory cortex. J Neurophysiol 20: 408–434 lation. Histochemical evidence for antidromic conduction. Can J
Mountcastle V B 1968 Medical physiology. 12th edition. Mosby: St Ophthal 5: 78–90
Louis Muller F, O’Rahilly R 1986 The development of the human brain and
Mountcastle V B, Lynch J C, Georgopoulos A P, Sakata H, Acuna C 1975 the closure of the rostral neuropore at stage 11. Anat Embryol 175:
Posterior parietal association cortex of the monkey: command func- 205–222
tions for operations within extrapersonal space. J Neurophysiol 38: Muller M, Jasmin J R, Monteil R A, Loubiere R 1991 Embryology of the
871–908 hair follicle. Early Hum Dev 26(3): 159–166
Mountcastle V B, Powell T P S 1959a Central nervous mechanisms sub- Muller T 1959 Variations in the abductor pollicis longus and extensor
serving position sense and kinethesis. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp 105: pollicis brevis in the South African Bantu. S Afr J Lab Clin Med 5:
173–200 56–62


Mountcastle V B, Powell T P S 1959b Neural mechanisms subserving Mundy G R 1993a Cytokines of bone. In: Mundy G R, Martin T J (eds)
cutaneous sensibility with special reference to the role of afferent inhi- Physiology and pharmacology of bone. Springer-Verlag: Berlin: pp
bition in sensory perception and discrimination. Bull Johns Hopkins 185–214
Hosp 105: 201–232
Mundy G R 1993b Hormonal factors which regulate bone resorption.
Mourant A E 1974 Blood groups and diseases. Haematologia (Budap) In: Mundy G R, Martin T J (eds) Physiology and pharmacology of bone.
8(1-4): 183–194 Springer-Verlag: Berlin: pp 215–247
Movat H Z, More R H, Haust M D 1958 The diffuse intimal thickening Munger B L 1991 The biology of Merkel cells. In: Goldsmith L A (ed)
of the human aorta with aging. Am J Pathol 34: 1023–1031 Physiology, biochemistry, and molecular biology of skin. 2nd edition.
Movsesian M A 1993 Calcium uptake and release by cardiac sarcoplas- 2 vols. Oxford University Press: Oxford: pp 836–856
mic reticulum. In: Gwathmey J K, Briggs G M, Allen P D (eds) Heart Munger B L, Halata Z 1984 The sensorineural apparatus of the human
failure. Basic science and clinical aspects. Marcel Dekker: New York: pp eyelid. 170: 181–204
101–120
Munger B L, Ide C 1988 The structure and function of cutaneous recep-
Mow V C, Hayes W C (eds) 1991 Basic orthopaedic biomechanics. tors. Arch Histol Cytol 51: 1–34
Raven Press: New York
Munger B L, Roth S I 1963 The cytology of the normal parathyroid
Mow V C, Lai W M, Redler I 1974 Some surface characteristics of articu- glands of man and Virginia deer; a light and electron microscopic study


lar cartilage. I. A scanning electron microscopy study and a theoretical with morphologic evidence of secretory activity. J Cell Biol 16:
model for the dynamic interaction of synovial fluid and articular carti- 379–400
lage. J Biomech 7: 449–456
Munkacsi K, Newstead J D 1971 Direct autonomic nerve fibers to the
Mower G, Gibson A, Glickstein M 1979 Tectopontine pathway in the renal medulla in man. Experientia 27: 175–177
cat: laminar distribution of cells of origin and visual properties of target
Murad T M 1970 Ultrastructural study of rat mammary gland during
cells in dorsolateral pontine nucleus. J Neurophysiol 42: 1–15
pregnancy. Anat Rec 167: 17–36
Moxey P C, Trier J S 1978 Specialized cell types in the human fetal small
Murakami T 1969 An unusual articular branch of the superficial palmar
intestine. Anatomical Record 191: 269–286
branch (R. superficialis, PNA) of the ulnar nerve. Kaibogaku Zasshi
Moxham B J 1979 The effects of some vaso-active drugs on the eruption 44(3): 187–188
of the rabbit mandibular incisor. Arch Oral Biol 24: 681–688
Muratori G 1965 Struttura microscopica del seno carotideo nel gatto,
Moxham B J, Berkovitz B K B 1983 Interactions between thyroxine, cane e conglio, Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 42: 301–303
hydrocortisone and cyclophosphamide in their effects on the eruption
e184
of the rat mandibular incisor. Arch Oral Biol 28: 1083–1087


Historical BiBliograpHy
Murley R S, Peters P M 1961 Inadvertent parathyroidectomy. Proc R Soc Nageotte J 1906 The pars intermedia or nervus intermedius of Wrisberg
Med 54: 487–489 and the bulbopontine gustatory nucleus in man. Rev Neurol Psych 4:
Murphy C, Alvarado J, Juster R 1984 Prenatal and postnatal growth of 473–488
the human Descemet’s membrane. Invest Ophthalm Vis Sci 25: Nager G T, Proctor B 1982 Anatomical variations and anomalies involv-
1402–1415 ing the facial canal. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 91: 45–61
Murphy P G, Frank C B, Hart D A 1993 Characterization of the plas- Nagourney B A, Aranda J V 1992 Physiologic differences of clinical
minogen activators and plasminogen activator inhibitors expressed by significance. In: Polin R A, Fox W W (eds) Fetal and neonatal physiol-
cells isolated from rabbit ligament and synovial tissues: evidence for ogy. W B Saunders: Philadelphia: pp 169–177
unique cell populations. Exp Cell Res 205: 16–24 Najlerahim A, Harrison P J, Barton A J L, Heffernan J, Pearson R C A
Murray A, Hunt T 1993 The cell cycle. Oxford University Press: Oxford 1990 Distribution of messenger RNAs encoding the enzymes glutami-
Murray E A 1991 Contributions of the amygdala complex to behaviour nase, aspartate aminotransferase and glutamic acid decarboxylase in rat
in macaque monkeys. Prog Brain Res 87: 167–180 brain. Mol Brain Res 7: 317–333
Murray E A, Coulter 1981 Organization of corticospinal neurons in the Nakagawa M, Thompson R P, Terracio L, Borg T K 1993 Developmental
monkey. J Comp Neurol 195: 339–365 anatomy of HNK-1 immunoreactivity in the embryonic rat heart: co-
distribution with early conduction tissue. Anat Embryol Berl 187:


Murray E A, Davidson M, Gaffan D, Olton D S, Suomi S J 1989 Effects
445–460
of fornix transection and cingulate cortical ablation on spatial memory
in Rhesus monkeys. Exp Brain Res 74: 173–186 Nakai Y, Hilding D 1968 Vestibular endolymph-producing epithelium.
Electron microscope study of the development and histochemistry of
Murray J A, Blakemore W F 1980 The relationship between internodal
the dark cells of the crista ampullaris. Acta Otolaryngol [Stockh] 66:
length and fibre diameter in the spinal cord of the cat. J Neurol Sci 45:
120–128
29–41
Nakaizumi Y 1964 The ultrastructure of Bruch’s membrane. I. The
Murray J M 1992 Neuropathology in depth: the role of confocal micro-
human, monkey, rabbit, guinea pig and rat eyes. Arch Ophthal 72:
scopy. J Neuropath Exp Neurol. 51: 475–487
380–387
Murray M J, Meacham R B 1993 The effect of age on male reproductive
Nakajima K, Kohsaka S 1993 Functional roles of microglia in the brain.
function. World J Urol 11: 137–140
Neurosci Res 17: 187–203
Murray M R 1965 Nervous tissues in vitro. In: Willmer E B (ed) Cells
Nakamura K, Matsumoto K, Mikami A, Kubota K 1994 Visual response
and tissues in culture. Vol 2. Academic Press: New York: pp 373–455
properties of single neurons in the temporal pole of behaving monkeys.
Murray M, Miller H R P, Jarrett W F H 1968 The globule leucocyte and J Neurophysiol 71: 1206–1221
its derivation from the subepithelial mast cell, Lab Invest 19:
Nakane P K 1970 Classifications of anterior pituitary cell types with
222–234
immuonenzyme histochemistry. J Histochem Cytochem 18: 9–20
Murray P D F 1936 Bones. A study of the development and structure of


Nakane P K, Kawaoi A 1974 Peroxidase-labelled antibody. A new
the vertebrate skeleton. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge
method of conjugation. J Histochem Cytochem 22: 1084–1091
Murray P D F, Huxley J S 1924 Self differentiation of the grafted limb
Nakanishi S 1992 Molecular diversity of glutamate receptors and impli-
bud of the chick. J Anat 59: 379–384
cations for brain function. Science 258: 597–603
Muskens L J J 1914 An anatomico-physiological study of the posterior
Nakanishi T 1967 Studies on the pudendal nerve. I. Macroscopic obser-
longitudinal bundle in its relation to forced movement. Brain 36:
vations on the pudendal nerve in humans. Acta Anat Nippon 42:
352–426
223–239
Mustafa G Y, Gamble H J 1979 Changes in axonal numbers in develop-
Nakashima T Kimmelman C P, Snow J B 1984 Structure of human fetal
ing human trochlear nerve. J Anat 128(2): 323–330
and adult olfactory neuroepithelium. Arch Otolaryngol 110: 641–646
Myers R E 1959 Localisation of function in the corpus callosum. Visual
Nakashima T Kimmelman C P, Snow J B 1985 Vomeronasal organs and
gnostic transfer. Archs Neurol Psychiat Chicago 1: 74–77
nerves of Jacobson in the human fetus. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 99:
Myers R E, Henson C O 1960 Role of corpus callosum in transfer of 266–271
tactuokinesthetic learning in chimpanzee. Arch Neurol Psychiat 3:
Nakatsuji N 1992 Development of postimplantation mouse embryos:
404–409
unexplored field rich in unanswered questions. Develop Growth &
Mygind N 1975 Scanning electron microscopy of the human nasal Differ 34: 489–499
mucosa, Rhinology 13: 57–75
Nakayama M 1944 Nerve terminations in the muscle spindle of the


Mygind N 1978 Immunohistopathology of allergic rhinitis and condi- human lingual muscles. Tohuku med J. 34: 367–377
tions allied. Clin Otolaryngol 3: 325–342
Nance D M, Hopkins D A, Bieger D 1987 Re-investigation of the inner-
Mygind S H 1948 Further labyrinthine studies: on labyrinthine trans- vation of the thymus gland in mice and rats. BBI 1: 134–147
formation of acoustic vibrations to pitch-differentiated nervous
Napier J R 1955 The form and function of the carpo-metacarpal joint
impulses. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl 68: 53–80
of the thumb. J Anat 89: 362–369
Mysorekar V R 1967 Diaphysial nutrient foramina in human long
Napier J R 1956 The prehensile movements of the human hand. J Bone
bones. J Anat 101: 813–822
Jt Sug 38B: 902–913
Napier J R 1966 Functional aspects of the anatomy of the hand. In:
N Pulvertaft R G (ed) The hand. Butterworths: London: pp 1–31
Napolitano L M, Scallen T J 1969 Observations of the fine structure of
Nabeshima S, Reese T S, Landis D M D, Brightman M W 1975 Junctions
peripheral nerve myelin. Anat Rec 163: 1–6
in the meninges and marginal glia. J Comp Neurol 164: 127–170
Napper R M A, Harvey R J 1988 Number of parallel fiber synapses on
Nachemson A 1960 Lumbar intradiscal pressure. Experimental studies
an individual Purkinje cell in the cerebellum of the rat. J Comp Neurol
on post-mortem material. Act Orthop Scand Suppl 43: 1–104
274: 168–177
Nachemson A 1963 The influence of spinal movements on the lumbar
Narayanan C H, Narayanan Y 1978 J Embryol Exp Morphol 43:


intradiscal pressure and on the tensile stresses in the annulus fibrosus.
85–105
Acta Orthop Scand 33: 183–207
Nardi J B, Kafatos F C 1976 Polarity and gradients in lepidopteran wing
Nadal-Ginard B, Mahdavi V 1989 Molecular basis of cardiac perform-
epidermis. II. The differential adhesiveness model: gradient of a non-
ance. J Clin Invest 84: 1693–1700
diffusible cell surface parameter. J Embryol Exp Morphol 1976 36(3):
Nadeau S E, Trobe J D 1983 Pupil sparing in oculomotor palsy: a brief 489–512
review. Ann Neurol 13: 143–148
Narisawa Y, Hashimoto K, Nihei Y, Pietruk T 1992 Biological signifi-
Nagato T, Yoshida H, Yoshida A, Uehara Y 1980 A scanning electron cance of dermal Merkel cells in development of cutaneous nerves in
microscope study of myoepithelial cells in exocrine glands. Cell Tissue human fetal skin. J Histochem Cytochem 40: 65–71
Res 209: 1–10
e185


Historical BiBliograpHy
Naruke T, Suemasu K, Ishikawa S 1978 Lymph node mapping and cur- Neal J W, Pearson R C A, Powell T P S 1986a The organization of the
ability at various levels of metastases in resected lung cancer. J Thor cortico-cortical projections of area 5 upon area 7 in the parietal lobe of
Cardiovasc Surg 76: 832–839 the monkey. Brain Res 381: 164–167
Narusawa M, Fitzsimons R B, Izumo S, Nadal-Ginard B, Rubinstein N Neal J W, Pearson R C A, Powell T P S 1986b The relationship between
A, Kelly A M 1987 Slow myosin in developing rat skeletal muscle. J Cell the auditory cortex and the claustrum in the cat. Brain Res 366:
Biol 104: 447–459 385–387
Nashold B S Jr, Wilson W P, Slaughter D G 1969 Sensations evoked by Neal J W, Pearson R C A, Powell T P S 1987 The cortico-cortical con-
stimulation in the midbrain of man. J Neurosurg 30: 14–24 nections of area 7b, PF, in the parietal lobe of the monkey. Brain Res
Nastuk M A, Fallon J R 1993 Agrin and the molecular choreography of 419: 341–346
synapse formation. Trends Neurosci 16(2): 72–76 Neal J W, Pearson R C A, Powell T P S 1988a The organization of the
Nathan C, Sporn M 1991 Cytokinins in context. Journal of Cell Biology cortico-cortical connections between the walls of the lower part of the
113: 981–998 superior temporal sulcus and the inferior parietal lobe in the monkey.
Brain Res 438: 351–356
Nathan H 1962 Osteophytes of the vertebral column: an anatomical
study of their development according to age, race and sex with consid- Neal J W, Pearson R C A, Powell T P S 1988b The cortico-cortical con-


eration of their aetiology and significance. J Bone Jt Surg 44A: nections within the parieot-temporal lobe of area PG, 7a, in the monkey.
243–268 Brain Res 438: 243–250
Nathan H, Gloobe H 1974 Flexor digitorum brevis-anatomical varia- Neal J W, Pearson R C A, Powell T P S 1990a The ipsilateral cortico-
tions. Anat Anz 135: 295–301 cortical connections of area 7 with the frontal lobe of the monkey. Brain
Res 509: 31–40
Nathan P W 1963 Results of antero-lateral cordotomy for pain in cancer.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 26: 353–362 Neal J W, Pearson R C A, Powell T P S 1990b The connections of area
PG, 7a, with cortex in the parietal, occipital and temporal lobes of the
Nathan P W 1963 The descending respiratory tracts in man. J Neurol
monkey. Brain Res 532: 249–264
Neurosurg Psychiatry 26: 487–499
Neal J W, Pearson R C A, Powell T P S 1990c The ipsilateral cortico-
Nathan P W 1976 The gate-control theory of pain. A critical review.
cortical connections of area 7b, PF, in the parietal and temporal lobes
Brain 99: 123–158
of the monkey. Brain Res 524: 119–132
Nathan P W, Smith M C 1955a The Babinski response. A review and
Nealey T A, Maunsell J H R 1994 Magnocellular and parvocellular
new observations. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiat 18: 250–259
contributions to the responses of neurons in macaque striate cortex.
Nathan P W, Smith M C 1955b Long descending tracts in man. I. Review J Neurosci 14: 2069–2079
of present knowledge. Brain 78: 248–303
Neaves W B 1977 The blood-testis barrier. In: Johnson A D, Gomes W


Nathan P W, Smith M C 1959 Fasciculi proprii of the spinal cord in R (eds) The testis. Vol 4. Advances in physiology, biochemistry, and
man: review of present knowledge. Brain 82: 610–668 function. Academic Press: New York: pp 126–162
Nathan P W, Smith M C 1982 The rubrospinal and central tegmental Needham J 1959 A history of embryology. 2nd edition. Cambridge
tracts in man. Brain 105: 223–269 University Press: Cambridge
Nathan P W, Smith M C 1986 The location of descending fibres to Negus V E 1947 Intrinsic carcinoma of larynx; a review of a series of
sympathetic neurons supplying the eye and sudomotor neurons sup- cases. Proc R Soc Med 40: 515–524
plying the head and neck. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 49:
Negus V E 1958 The comparative anatomy and physiology of the nose
187–194
and paranasal sinuses. Livingstone: Edinburgh
Nathan P W, Smith M C, Cook A W 1986 Sensory effects in man of
Nell A, Niebauer W, Sperr W, Firbas W 1994 Special variations of the
lesions of the posterior columns and of some other afferent pathways.
lateral ligament of the human TMJ. Clin Anat 7: 267–270
Brain 109: 1003–1041
Nelson B J, Mugnaini E 1989 Origins of GABAergic inputs to the inferior
Nauta W J H 1958 Hippocampal projections and related neural path-
olive. In: The olivocerebellar system in motor control. Exp Brain Res 17:
ways to the midbrain in the cat. Brain 81: 319–340
86–107
Nauta W J H 1962 Neural associations of the amygdaloid complex in
Nelson C C, Blaivas M 1991 Orbicularis oculi muscle in children–his-
the monkey. Brain 85: 505–520
tologic and histochemical characteristics. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 32:
Nauta W J H, Domesick V B 1981 Ramifications of the limbic system. 646–654


In: Mattyse S (ed) Psychiatry and the biology of the human brain.
Nelson D M, Crouch E C, Curran E M, Farmer D R 1990 Trophoblast
Elsevier: Amsterdam: pp 165–188
interaction with fibrin matrix. Epithelialization of perivillous fibrin
Nauta W J H, Domesick V B 1984 Afferent and efferent relationships deposits as a mechanism for villous repair in the human placenta. Am
of the basal ganglia. In: Evered D, O’Connor M (eds) Functions of the J Pathol 136: 855–865
basal ganglia. CIBA Foundation Symposium 107 Pitman: London: pp
Nelson E, Rennels M 1970 Innervation of intracranial arteries. Brain 93:
3–23
475–490
Nauta W J H, Feirtag M 1986 Fundamental neuroanatomy. Freeman:
Nelson G M, Finger T E 1993 Immunolocalization of different forms
New York
of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) in rat taste buds. J Comp
Nauta W J H, Gygax P A 1951 Silver impregnation of degenerating axon Neurol 336: 507–516
terminals in central nervous system: technic, chemical notes. Stain
Nelson J D, Peters P C 1965 Suprapubic aspiration of urine in prema-
Technol 26: 5–11
ture and term infants. Pediatrics 36: 132–134
Nauta W J H, Haymaker W 1969 Hypothalamic nuclei and fiber con-
Nelson K G, Takahashi T, Bossert N L, Walmer D K, McLachlan J A 1991
nections. In: Haymaker W, Anderson E, Nauta W J H (eds) The hypotha-
Epidermal growth factor replaces estrogen in the stimulation of female
lamus. Thomas: Springfield: pp 136–209
genital-tract growth and differentation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88:
Nauta W J H, Mehler W R 1966 Projections of the lentiform nucleus in 21–25
the monkey, Brain Res I: 4–42


Nelson L 1967 Sperm motility. In: Metz C B, Monroy A (eds) Fertiliza-
Navaratnam V 1963 Observations on the right pulmonary arch artery tion. Vol 1. Academic Press: New York: pp 27–97
and its nerve supply in human embryos. J Anat 97: 569–573
Nelson R J, Sur M, Felleman D J, Kaas J H 1980 Representations of the
Navaratnam V 1965 Development of the nerve supply to the human body surface in postcentral parietal cortex of Macaca fascicularis.
heart. Br Heart J 27: 640–650 J Comp Neurol 192: 611–643
Navaratnam V, Woodward J M, Skepper J N 1989 Specific heart granules Nelson R, Famiglietti E V, Kolb H 1978 Intracellular staining reveals
and natriuretic peptide in the developing myocardium of fetal and different levels of stratification for on- and off-center ganglion cells in
neonatal rats and hamsters. J Anat 163: 261–273 cat retina. J Neurophysiol 41: 472–483
Neal J W 1990 The callosal connections of area 7b, PF in the monkey. Nemeth P M, Solanki L, Gordon D A, Hamm T M, Reinking R M, Stuart
Brain Res 514: 159–162 D G 1986 Uniformity of metabolic enzymes within individual motor
units. J Neurosci 6: 892–898
e186


Historical BiBliograpHy
Nergårdh A, Boréus L 1972 Autonomic receptor function in the lower Nieuwenhuys R, Voogd J Van, Huijzen C 1988 The human central
urinary tract of man and cat. Scand J Urol Nephrol 6: 32–36 nervous system. A synopsis and atlas. 3rd edition. Springer Verlag:
Nery E B, Kraus B S, Croup M 1970 Timing and topography of early Berlin
human tooth development. Arch Oral Biol 15: 1315–1326 Nieuwkoop P D 1973 The ‘organisation center’ of the amphibian
Nesebar R A, Kornblith P L, Pollard J J, Michels N A 1969 Celiac and embryo; its origin, spatial organisation and morphogenetic action. Adv
superior mesenteric arteries: a correlation of angiograms and dissec- Morph 10: 1–39
tions. Little, Brown: Boston Nieuwkoop P D 1985 Inductive interactions in early amphibian devel-
Neuenschwander S, Gattass R, Sousa A P B, Piñon M C G P 1994 Iden- opment and their general nature. J Embryol, Exp Morph 89 (suppl.):
tification and visuotopic organization of areas PO and POd in Cebus 333–347
monkey. J Comp Neurol 340: 65–86 Nieuwkoop P D 1989 Dev Growth Differ 32: 149–154
Neuman W F, Neuman M W 1953 The nature of the mineral phase of Niikawa N, Kohsaka S, Mizumoto M, Hamada I, Kajii T 1983 Familial
bone. Chem Rev 53: 1–45 clustering of situs inversus totali, and asplenia and polysplenia syn-
Neustadt A, Frostholm A, Rotter A 1988 Topographical distribution of dromes. Am J Med Genet 16: 43–47
muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the cerebellar cortex of the mouse, Nisell R, Nemeth G, Olson H 1986 Joint forces in extension of the knee.


rat, guinea pig, and rabbit: a species comparison. J Comp Neurol 272: Analysis of a mechanical model. Acta Orthop Scand 57: 41–46
317–330 Nishino N, Koizumi K, Brooks C M 1976 The role of the suprachias-
Neutra M R, Phillips T R, Mayer E L, Fishkind D 1987 Transport of matic nuclei of the hypothalamus in the production of circadian
membrane bound macromolecules by M-cells of follicle associated epi- rhythm. Brain Res 112: 45–59
thelium of rabbit Peyer’s patch. Cell Tiss Res 247: 537 Nishiyama I, Seki T, Oota T, Ohta M, Ogiso M 1993 Expression of
Newman A 1994 Small nuclear RNAs and pre-mRNA splicing. Curr highly polysialyted neural cell adhesion molecule in calcitonin-produc-
Opin Cell Biol 6: 360–367 ing cells. Neuroscience 56: 778–786
Newman D L, Gosling R G, Bowden R 1971 Changes in aortic disten- Nissl F 1892 Ueber experimentell erzengte Veränderungen an den
sibility and area ratio with the development of atherosclerosis. Athero- Vorderhornzellen des Rückenmarks bei Kaninchen mit Demonstratio-
sclerosis 14: 231–240 nen mikroskopischer Präparate. Allg Zt Psychiat 48: 675–682
Newman G R, Hobot J A 1989 Role of tissue processing in colloidal Nistal M, Abaurrea M A, Paniagua R 1982 Morphological and histomet-
gold methods. In: Colloidal gold principles and methods. Vol 3. Aca- ric study on the human Sertoli cell from birth to the onset of puberty.
demic Press: New York: pp 33–45 J Anat 134: 351–363
Nicander L 1967 An electron microscopical study of cell contracts in Noback C R, Moss M L 1953 The topology of the human pre-maxillary
the seminiferous tubules of some mammals. Z Zellforsch 83: bone. Am J Phys Anthropol 11: 181–187


375–397 Nobori M, Saiki S, Tanaka N, Shindo S, Fujimoto Y 1994 Blood supply
Nicholas D S, Weller R O 1988 The fine anatomy of the human spinal of the parathyroid gland from the superior thyroid artery. Surgery 115:
meninges. J Neurosurg 69: 276–282 417–423
Nicholls D G, Rial E 1984 Brown fat mitochondria. Trends Biochem Sci Noden D M 1978 In: Garrod D R (ed) Specificity of embryological
9: 489–491 interactions. Chapman & Hall: London: pp 3–49
Nicholls R D, Rinchik E M, Driscoll D J 1992 Genomic imprinting in Noden D M 1983 The embryonic origins of avian cephalic and cervical
mammalian development: Prader-Willi and Angelman Syndromes as muscles and associated connective tissues. Am J Anat 168: 257–276
disease models. Seminars in Developmental Biology 3: 139–152 Noden D M 1983a Dev Biol 96: 144–165
Nichols D H 1985 The ultrastructure of neural crest formation in the Noden D M 1983b Am J Anat 186: 257–276
head of the mouse embryo. Cell Differentiation 16: 111S
Noden D M 1986 J Craniofac gen devl Biol Suppl 2: 15–32
Nichols D H 1986 Mesenchyme formation from the trigeminal pla-
Noden D M 1988 Interactions and fates of avian craniofacial mesen-
codes of the mouse embryo. Am J Anat 176: 19–31
chyme. Development 103 (suppl): 121–140
Nichols D H 1987 Ultrastructure of neural crest formation in the mid-
Noden D M 1991 Development of craniofacial blood vessels. In: Fein-
brain/rostral hindbrain and preotic hindbrain regions of the mouse
berg R N, Sherer G K, Auerbach R (eds) The development of the vascular
embryo. American Journal of Anatomy 179: 148–154
system. Issues Biomed 14: 1–24


Nicholson G W 1937 Studies on tumour formation; sacro-coccygeal
Noden D M 1991b Vertebrate craniofacial development: the relation
teratoma with 3 metacarpal bones and digits. Guy’s Hosp Rep 87:
between ontogenetic process and morphological outcome. Brain Behav
46–106
Evol 38: 190–225
Nicholson H D, Pickering B T 1993 Oxytocin, a male intragonadal
Noden D M, Li X 1991 Patterns of initial vascular development in the
hormone. Reg Peptides 45: 253–256
avian brain. Anat Rec 229: 65A
Nicholson L J, Watt F M 1991 Decreased expression of fibronectin and
Nolte J 1993 The human brain. 3rd edition. Mosby: St Louis
the α5b1 integrin during terminal differentiation of human keratinoc-
ytes. J Cell Sci 98: 225–232 Nomina Anatomica, Nomina Histologica, Nomina Embryologica. 1989
6th edition. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh
Nickoloff B J, Mitra R S, Riser B L, Dixit V M, Varani J 1988 Modulation
of keratinocyte motility. Correlation with production of extracellular Nomura M 1984 The control of ribosome synthesis. Sci Am 250:
matrix molecules in response to growth promoting and antiproliferative 102–114
factors. Am J Path 132: 543–551 Nomura M 1993 A model for neural representation of binocular dispar-
Nicol A C, Berme N, Paul J P 1977 A biomechanical analysis of elbow ity in striate cortex: distributed representation and veto mechanism.
joint function. In: Joint replacement in the upper limb. Inst Mech Eng Biol Cybern 69: 165–171
Conference Pubs 1997–5: London: 45–51 Noordzij J W, Dabhoiwala N F 1993 A view on the anatomy of the
Niden A H, Yamada E 1966 Some observations on the fine structure ureterovesical junction. Scand J Urol Nephrol 27: 371–380


and function of the non-ciliated bronchiolar cells. In: VIth International Nopajaroonsri C, Luk S C, Simon G T 1971 Ultrastructure of the normal
Congress for Electron Microscopy. Maruzen: Tokyo: p 599 lymph node. Am J Pathol 65: 1–24
Niemineva K 1950 Observations on the development of the hypophysi- Nopajaroonsri C, Luk S C, Simon G T 1974 The passage of intrave-
oportal system. Acta Paediat 39: 366–377 nously injected colloidal carbon into lymph node parenchyma. Lab
Nieuwenhuis P 1990 Self-tolerance induction and the blood-thymus Invest. 30: 533–538
barrier. Thymus Update 3: 31–51 Norberg K-A 1967 Transmitter histochemistry of the sympathetic adren-
Nieuwenhuys R 1967 Comparative anatomy of the cerebellum. Prog ergic nervous system. Brain Res 5: 125–170
Brain Res 25: 1–93 Norberg K A, Risley P L, Ungerstedt U 1967 Adrenergic innervation of
Nieuwenhuys R 1985 Chemoarchitecture of the brain. Springer Verlag: the male reproductive ducts in some mammals. II. Effects of vasectomy
Berlin and castration. Experientia 23(5): 392–394
e187


Historical BiBliograpHy
Nordlund J J, Abdel-Malek Z A, Boissy R E, Rheins L A 1989 Pigment Nyberg-Hansen R 1965b Sites and mode of termination of reticulo-
cell biology. An historical review. J Invest Dermatol 92: 53S–60S spinal fibers in the cat. An experimental study with silver impregnation
Norgren R 1978 Projections from the nucleus of the solitary tract in the methods. J Comp Neurol 124: 71–100
rat. Neurosci 3: 207–218 Nyberg-Hansen R 1966a Functional organisation of descending
Norgren R 1990 Gustatory system. In: Paxinos G (ed) The human supraspinal fibre systems to the spinal cord. Anatomical observations
nervous system. Academic Press: San Diego: pp 845–861 and physiological correlations. Ergebn Anat EntwGesch 39: Heft 2,
1–48
Norobi M, Saiki S, Tanaka N, Shindo S, Fujimoto Y 1994 Blood supply
of the parathyroid gland from the superior thyroid artery. Surgery 115: Nyberg-Hansen R 1966b Sites of termination of interstitiospinal fibers
417–423 in the cat. An experimental study with silver impregnation methods.
Arch Ital Biol 104: 98–111
Norris E H 1916 The morphogenesis of the follicles in the human
thyroid gland. Am J Anat 20: 411–448 Nyberg-Hansen R 1969 Cortico-spinal fibres from the medial aspect of
the cerebral hemisphere in the cat. An experimental study with the
Norris E H 1937 The parathyroid glands and the lateral thyroid in man:
Nauta method. Exp Brain Res 7: 120–132
their morphogenesis, histogenesis, topographic anatomy and prenatal
growth. Contrib Embryol (Carnegie Inst Washington) 26 (159): Nyberg-Hansen R, Brodal A 1963 Sites of termination of cortico-spinal
247–294 fibers in the cat. An experimental study with silver impregnation
methods. J Comp Neurol 120: 369–391
Norris E H 1938 The morphogenesis and histogenesis of the thymus


gland in man: in which the origin of the Hassell’s corpuscles of the Nyberg-Hansen R, Brodal A 1964 Sites and mode of termination of
human thymus is discovered. Contrib Embryol Carnegie Inst Wash 27: rubrospinal fibres in the cat. An experimental study with silver impreg-
191–207 nation methods. J Anat 98: 235–253
North A J, Galazkiewicz B, Byers T J, Glenney J R Jr, Small J V 1993 Nyberg-Hansen R, Mascitti T 1964 Sites and mode of termination of
Complementary distributions of vinculin and dystrophin define two fibers of the vestibulospinal tract in the cat. An experimental study with
distinct sarcolemma domains in smooth muscle. J Cell Biol 120: silver impregnation methods. J Comp Neurol 122: 369–387
1159–1167 Nyberg-Hansen R, Rinvik E 1963 Some comments on the pyramidal
North A J, Gimona M, Cross R A, Small J V 1994a Calponin is localised tract, with special reference to its individual variations in man. Acta
in both the contractile apparatus and the cytoskeleton of smooth Neurol Scand 39: 1–30
muscle cells. J Cell Sci 107: 437–444 Nyby O, Jansen J 1951 An experimental investigation of the corticopon-
North A J, Gimona M, Lando Z, Small J V 1994b Actin isoform compart- tine projection in maccaca mulatta. (Strifter utgitt ar det norske viden-
ments in chicken gizzard smooth muscle cells. J Cell Sci 107: skapsakademi). Oslo J Mat Naturar Klause H 3: 1–47
445–455 Nylander P P S 1973 Serum levels of gonadotrophins in relation to
Northcutt R G, Gans C 1983 The genesis of neural crest and epidermal multiple pregnancy in Nigeria. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Cwlth 80: 651
placides: a reinterpretation of vertebrate origins. Q Rev Biol 58: 1–28
Nortje C T, Farman A G, Grotepass F W 1977 Variations in the normal O


anatomy of the inferior dental (mandibular) canal: a retrospective study
of panoramic radiographs from 3,612 routine dental patients. Br J Oral O’Beirne J 1833 New views of the process of defecation and their appli-
Surg 15: 55–63 cation to the pathology and treatment of diseases of the stomach,
bowels and other organs; with an analytical correction of Sir Charles
Norton A C 1968 UCLA Brain Information Service, updated review
Bell’s views respecting the nerves of the face. Dublin
project-cutaneous sensory pathways: dorsal column-medial lemniscus
system. University of California Press: Berkeley O’Brien C P, Ehrman R N, Ternes J W 1986 Classical conditioning in
human opioid dependence. In: Goldberg S R, Stolerman I P (eds)
Norvell J E 1968 The aorticorenal ganglion and its role in renal innerva-
Behavioral analysis of drug dependence. Academic Press: London: pp.
tion, J Comp Neurol 133: 101–112
329–356
Nouwen E J, DeBroe M E 1994 EGF and TGF-alpha in the human
O’Brien J P 1984 Mechanisms of spinal pain. In: Wall P D, Melzack R
kidney: identification of octopal cells in the collecting duct. Kidney
(eds) Textbook of pain. Churchill Livingstone: Edinburgh: pp
Internat 45: 1510–1521
240–251
Novikoff A B, Shin W Y 1964 The endoplasmic reticulum in the Golgi
O’Brien M D 1984 Criteria for diagnosing brainstem death. In: Hughes
zone and its relationship to microbodies, Golgi apparatus and
R A C (ed) Neurological emergencies. BMJ Publishing: London:
autophagic vacuoles in rat liver cells. J Microscopie 3: 187
334–337
Novotny G E K, Sommerfield H, Zirbes T 1990 Thymic innervation in
O’Connor R J 1939 Experiments on the development of the amphibian
the rat: a light and electron microscopical study. J Comp Neurol 302:
mesonephros. J Anat 74: 35–44
552–561


O’Hara P T, Chazal G, Ralston H J III 1989 Ultrastructural analysis of
Noyes R W, Hertig A T, Rock J 1950 Dating the endometrial biopsy.
the GABA-immunoreactive elements in the monkey thalamic ventroba-
Fertil Steril 1: 3–25
sal complex. J Comp Neurol 283: 541–558
Nozaki M, Kobayashi H, Yanagisawa M et al 1975 Monoamine fluores-
O’Keefe E J, Woodley D, Castillo G et al 1984 Production of soluble
cence in the median eminence of the Japanese quail, Coturnix coturnix
and cell-associated fibronectin by cultured keratinocytes. J Invest Der-
japonica, following medial basal hypothalamic deafferentiation. Cell
matol 82: 150–155
Tissue Res 164: 425–434
O’Keefe J, Nadel L 1978 The hippocampus as a cognitive map. Claren-
Nudo R J, Masterton R B 1989 Descending pathways to the spinal cord.
don Press: Oxford
II. Quantitative study of the tectospinal tract in 23 mammals. J Comp
Neurol 286: 96–119 O’Leary D D, Stanfield B B 1985 Occipital cortical neurons with tran-
sient pyramidal tract axons extend and maintain collaterals to subcorti-
Nussbaum A 1912 Über das Gefassystem des Herzens, Arch Mikrosk
cal but not intracortical targets. Brain Res 336(2): 326–333
Anat Entw Mech 80: 450–477
O’Leary D D M, Stanfield B B 1989 J Neurosci 9: 2230–2246
Nusslein-Volhard C 1991 Determination of the embryonic axis of Dro-
sophila. Development 191 Supplement 1–10 O’Leary D D M, Terashima T 1988 Neuron 1: 901–910
Nyberg-Hansen R 1964a The location and termination of tectospinal O’Leary D M 1989 Trends Neurosci 12: 400–406


fibers in the cat. Exp Neurol 9: 212–227 O’Leary J L, O’Leary J A 1966 Uterine artery ligature in the control of
Nyberg-Hansen R 1964b Origin and termination of fibers from the intractable post-partum hemorrhage. Am J Obstet Gynecol 94:
vestibular nuclei descending in the medial longitudinal fasciculus. An 920–924
experimental study with silver impregnation methods in the cat. O’Rahilly R 1953 Survey of carpal and tarsal anomalies. J Bone Joint
J Comp Neurol 122: 355–367 Surg 35-A: 626–642
Nyberg-Hansen R 1965a Anatomical demonstration of gamma moto- O’Rahilly R 1956 Developmental deviations in the carpus and tarsus.
neurons in the cat’s spinal cord. Exp Neurol 13: 71–81 Clin Orthop 10: 9–18
e188


Historical BiBliograpHy
O’Rahilly R 1973 Developmental stages in human embryos. Part A: Odgers P N B 1938 The development of the pars membranacea septi
Embryos of the first three weeks (Stages 1–9). Carnegie Institution: in the human heart. J Anat 72: 247–259
Washington DC Odland G, Ross R 1968 Human wound repair. 1. Epidermal regenera-
O’Rahilly R, Gardner E 1971 The timing and sequence of events in the tion. J Cell Biol 39: 135–151
development of the human nervous system during the embryonic Oelrich T M 1980 The urethral sphincter muscle in the male. Am J Anat
period proper. Z Anat Entwicklungsgesch 134: 1–12 158: 229–264
O’Rahilly R, Gardner E 1975 The timing and sequence of events in the Oelrich T M 1983 The striated urogenital sphincter muscle in the
development of the limbs in the human embryo. Anat Embryol 148: female. Anat Rec 205: 223–232
1–23
Oesterle E C, Dallos P 1990 Intracellular recordings from supporting
O’Rahilly R, Meyer D B 1959 The early development of the eye in the cells in the guinea pig cochlea: DC potentials. J Neurophysiol 64:
chick Gallus domesticus (stages 8 to 25) Acta Anat 36: 20–58 617–636
O’Rahilly R, Muller F 1986 The meninges in human development. Ogata S, Uhthoff H K 1990 The early development and ossification of
J Neuropath Exp Neurol 45: 588–608 the human clavicle–an embryologic study. Acta Orthop Scand 61:
O’Rahilly R, Muecke E C 1972 The timing and sequence of events in 330–334
the development of the human urinary system during the embryonic Ogawa T, Jefferson N C, Toman J E, Chiles T, Zambetoglou A, Necheles


period proper. Z Anat Entwicklungsgesch 138: 99–109 H 1960 Action potentials of accessory respiratory muscles in dogs. Am
O’Rahilly R, Muller F 1974 The early development of the hypoglossal J Physiol 199: 569–572
nerve and occipital fomites in staged human embryos. Am J Anat 169: Ogden J A 1974 Changing patterns of proximal femoral vascularity.
237–257 J Bone Jt Surg 56A: 941–950
O’Rahilly R, Muller F 1987 Developmental stages in human embryos. Ogden J A 1984 Radiology of postnatal skeletal development. XII. The
Carnegia Ins Wash Pub 637 second cervial vertebra. Skeletal Radiol 12: 169–177
O’Rahilly R, Muller F 1987 Developmental stages in human embryos. Ogilvie W H 1935 Some points in the operation of gastrectomy. Br Med
Washington: Carnegie Institution J 1: 457–462
O’Rahilly R, Muller F 1992 Human embryology and teratology. Wiley Ogura J H, Bellow J A 1952 Laryngectomy and radical neck dissection
Liss: New York for carcinoma of the larynx. Laryngoscope 62: 1–52
O’Rahilly R, Muller F, Meyer D B 1980 The human vertebral column at Ogura J H, Lam R L 1953 Anatomical and physiological correlations on
the end of the embryonic period proper. I. The column as a whole. stimulating the human superior laryngeal nerve. Laryngoscope 63:
J Anat 131: 565–575 947–959
O’Rahilly R, Muller F, Meyer D B 1983 The human vertebral column at Oh C, Kark A E 1972 Anatomy of the external anal sphincter. Br J Surg
the end of the embryonic period proper. II. The occipito-cervical region. 59: 717–723
J Anat 136: 181–195
Ohishi H, Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N 1993 Distribution of


O’Rahilly R, Tucker J A 1973 The early development of the larynx in the messenger RNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR2, in
staged human embryos. I Embryos of the first five weeks (to stage 15). the central nervous system of the rat. Neuroscience 53: 1009–1018
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 82 (suppl 7): 1–27
Ohno S, Smith J B 1964 Role of fetal follicular cells in meiosis of mam-
O’Reilly P M R, Fitzgerals M J T 1990 Fibre composition of the hypoglos- malian oocytes. Cytogenetics 3: 324–333
sal nerve in the rat. J Anat 172: 227–243
Ohta M, Offord K, Dyck P J 1974 Morphometric evaluation of first
O’Riordan J L H 1978 Hormonal control of mineral metabolism. In: sacral ganglia of man. J Neurol Sci 22: 73–82
O’Riordan J L H (ed) Recent advances in endocrinology and metabo-
Ohtake T, Yamada H 1989 Efferent connections of the nucleus reuniens
lism. Churchill Livingstone: Edinburgh: pp 189–217
and the rhomboid nucleus in the rat: an anterograde PHA-L tracing
O’Sullivan B T, Roland P T, Kawashimar R 1994 A PET study of soma- study. Neurosci Res 6: 556–568
tosensory discrimination in man. Microgeometry versus macrogeome-
Ohtani O, Kikuta A, Terasawa K, Higashikawa T, Yamane T, Taguchi T,
try. Eur J Neurosci 6: 137–148
Masuda Y, Murakami T 1989 Microvascular organization of human
Oades R D, Halliday G M 1987 Ventral tegmental (A10) system: neuro- palatine tonsil. Arch Histol Cytol 52: 493–500
biology. I. Anatomy and connectivity. Brain Res Revs 12: 117–165
Ohye C 1990 Thalamus. In: Paxinos G (ed) The human nervous system.


Oakley B 1991 Neuronal-epithelial interactions in mammalian gusta- Academic Press: San Diego: pp 439–468
tory epithelium. Ciba Foundation Symposium. 160: 277–87.
Ohzawa I, Deangelis G C, Freeman R D 1990 Stereoscopic depth dis-
Oakley B R 1992 g-Tubulin: the microtubule organizer? Trends in Cell crimination in the visual cortex: neurons ideally suited as disparity
Biol 2: 1–6 detectors. Science 249: 1037–1041
Oakley K P 1964 Frameworks for dating fossil man. Weidenfeld and Ojemann G A 1991 Cortical organization of language. J Neurosci 11:
Nicolson: London 2281–2287
Oakley K P 1969 Analytical methods of dating bone. In: Brothwell D, Okajima M 1975 Development of dermal ridges in the fetus. J Med
Higgs E (eds) Science and archaeology. Thames and Hudson: London Genet 12(3): 243–250
Obletz B E, Halbstein B M 1938 Non-union of fractures of carpal Okudera T, Ohta T, Huang Y P, Yokota A 1988 Development and radio-
navicular. J Bone Jt Surg 20: 424–428 logical anatomy of the superficial cerebral convexity vessels in the
Ochoa J 1971 The sural nerve of the human foetus: electron microscope human fetus. J Neuroradiol 15: 205–224
observations and counts of axons. J Anat 108: 213–245 Okumura T. Namiki M 1990 Vagal moto neurons innervating the
Ochoa J, Mair W E P 1969a The normal sural nerve in man. I. Ultrastruc- stomach are site specifically organized in the dorsal motor nucleus of
ture and numbers of fibres and cells, Acta Neuropathol 13: 197–216 the vagus nerve in rats. J Auton Nerv Syst 29: 157–162


Ochoa J, Mair W E P 1969b The normal sural nerve in man. II. Changes Olah I 1978 Structure of the tonsils. In: Antoni E, Staub M (eds) Tonsils
in the axons and Schwann cells due to ageing. Acta Neuropathol 13: structure, immunology and biochemistry, Sect 1. Akademiai Kiado:
217–239 Budapest: pp 5–50
Ockleford C D, Wakely J 1982 The skeleton of the placenta. Prog Anat Olds J 1976 Brain stimulation and the motivation of behaviour. Prog
2: 19–47 Brain Res 45: 401–426
Oda D, Gown A M, Berg van de J S, Stern R 1990 Instability of the Olesen S-P, Clapham D E, Davies P F 1988 Hemodynamic shear-stress
myofibroblast phenotype in culture. Exp Mol Pathol 52: 221–234 activates a K+ current in vascular endothelial cells. Nature 331:
Odensten M, Gillquist 1985. Functional anatomy of the anterior cruci- 168–170
ate ligament and a rationale for reconstruction. J Bone Jt Surg 67A: Oliver D L, Morest D K 1984 The central nucleus of the inferior collicu-
257–262 lus in the cat. J. Comp Neurol 222(2): 237–264
Odgers P N B 1934 The formation of the venous valves, the foramen Olivier G 1951 Anthropologie de la clavicule du francais. Bull Soc
secundum and the septum secundum in the human heart. J Anat 69: Anthropol Paris 2: 4–6
412–422 e189


Historical BiBliograpHy
Olivier G 1975 Biometry of the human occipital bone. J Anat 120: Orci L, Baetens D, Ravazzola M, Malaisse-Lagae F, Amherdt M, Rufener
507–518 C 1976 Somatostatin in the pancreas and gastrointestinal tract. In:
Ollier L 1988 Traite des resections et des operations conservatrices Fujita T (ed) Endocrine gut and pancreas. Elsevier: New York: pp
qu’on peut pratiquer sur le systeme osseux. Tome deuxieme. G Masson: 73–78
Paris: pp 179–416 Orci L, Like A A, Amherdt M, Blondell B, Kanazawa Y, Marliss E B,
Olmos G, Naftolin F, Perez J, Tranque P A, Garcia-Segura L M 1989 Lambert A E, Wollheim C B, Renold A E 1973 Monolayer cell culture
Synaptic remodelling in the rat arcuate nucleus during the estrous cycle. of neonatal rat pancreas: an ultrastructural and biochemical study of
Neuroscience 32: 663–667 functioning endocrine cells. J Ultrastruct Res 43: 270–297
Oloyede A, Broom N D 1993a A physical model for the time-dependent Orci L, Unger R H 1975 Functional subdivision of islets of Langerhans
deformation of articular cartilage. Connect Tissue Res 29: 251–261 and possible role of D-cells. Lancet 2: 1243–1244
Oloyede A, Broom N D 1993b Stress-sharing between the fluid and Ordahl C P 1986 The skeletal and cardiac α-actin genes are co-expressed
solid components of articular cartilage under varying rates of compres- in early embryonic striated muscle. Dev Biol 117: 488–492
sion. Connect Tissue Res 30: 127–141 Ordahl C P 1993 Myogenic lineages within the developing somite.
Olsen B R 1991 Collagen biosynthesis. In: Hay E D (ed) Cell biology Ordahl C, Le Douarin N 1992 Two myogenic lineages within the devel-


of extracellular matrix. 2nd edition oping somite. Development 114: 339–353
Olsen E N, Klein W H 1994 bHLH factors in muscle development: Orfanos C E, Happle R (eds) 1990 Hair and hair diseases. Springer:
deadlines and commitments, what to leave in and what to leave out. Berlin
Genes Devel 8: 1–8 Orfanos C E, Montagna W, Stuttgen G (eds) 1981 Hair research.
Olsson Y 1971 Studies on vascular permeability in peripheral nerves. Springer: Berlin
Acta Neuropath 17: 114–126 Orlando R C, Lacy E R, Tobey N A, Cowart K 1992 Barriers to paracel-
Olszewski J 1950 On the anatomical and functional organization of the lular permeability in rabbit oesaphageal epithelium. Gastroenterology
spinal trigeminal nucleus. J Comp Neurol 92: 401–409 102: 10–23
Olszewski J, Baxter D 1954 Cytoarchitecture of the human brain stem. Orlic D, Lev R 1977 An electron microscopic study of intraepithelial
Karger: Basel lymphocytes in human fetal small intestine. Lab Invest 37: 554–561
Oni O O A, Dearing S, Pringle S 1993 Endothelial cells and bone cells. Ormerod F C 1960 The physiology of the endolymph. J Laryngol Otol
In: Shoutens A, Arlet J, Gardiniers J W M, Hughes S P F (eds) Bone 74: 659–667
circulation and vascularization in normal and pathological conditions. Ortmann R 1975 Use of polarized light for quantitative determination
Plenum Press: New York: pp 43–48 of the adjustment of the tangential fibres in articular cartilage. Anat
Onodera K, Yamadotani A, Watanabe T, Wada H 1994 Neuropharma- Embryol (Berl) 148: 109–120
cology of the histaminergic neuron system in the brain and its relation- Ortonne J P 1990 Pigmentary changes of the ageing skin. In: Greaves


ship with behavioral disorders. Prog Neurobiol 42: 685–702 M, Voorhees J (eds) Senescence in the skin. Br J Dermatol 122 (suppl
Onufrowicz B 1899 Notes on the arrangement and function of the cell 35): 21–28
groups in the sacral region of the spinal cord. J Nerv Ment Dis 26: Orts-Llorca F, Puerta Fonolla J, Sobrado J 1982 The formation, septation
498–504 and fate of the truncus arteriosus in man. J Anat 134: 41–56
Ooé T 1956 On the development of position of the tooth germs in the Orzalesi N, Riva A, Testa F 1971 Fine structure of human lacrimal gland.
human deciduous front teeth. Okajimas Folia Anat Jpn 28: 317–340 I. The normal gland. J Submicroscop Cytol 3: 283–298
Ooé T 1957 On the early development of human dental lamina. Oka- Osborn J W 1973 Variations in structure and development of enamel.
jimas Folia Anat Jpn 30: 198–210 Oral Sci Rev 3: 3–83
Oort H 1918 Über die verästelung des nervus octavus bei säugetieren. Osborn J W 1985 The disc of the human temporomandibular joint:
[Modell des utriculus und sacculus des kaninchens.] Anat Anz 51: design, function and failure. J Oral Rehabil 12: 279–293
272–280
Osborn L 1990 Leukocyte adhesion to endothelium in inflammation.
Oosthoek P W, Kempen M J A van, Wesseks A, Lamers W H, Moorman Cell 62: 3–6
A F M 1990 Distribution of the cardiac gap junction protein, con-
Osbourne M P, Comis S D, Pickles J O 1984 Morphology and cross
nexin-43 in the neonatal and adult human heart. In: Maréchal G,
linkage of stereocilia in the guinea pig labyrinth examined without the
Carraro U (eds) Muscle and motility. Vol 2. Intercept: Andover, Hamp-


use of osmium as a fixative. Cell Tiss Res 237: 43–48
shire: pp 58–90
Oscarsson O 1973 Functional organization of spinocerebellar paths. In:
Oppel O 1963 Microscopic investigations of the number and caliber of
Iggo A (ed) Handbook of sensory physiology, Vol 2 Somatosensory
the medullated nerve fibers of the optic fasciculus in man. Albrecht v
system. Springer: Berlin: pp 339–380
Graefes Arch Ophthalmol 166: 19–27
Oscarsson O, Uddenbeg N 1964 Identification of a spinocerebellar tract
Oppenheim R W 1991 Cell death during development of the nervous
activated from forelimb afferents in the cat. Acta Physiol Scand 62:
system. Annu Rev Neurosci 14: 453–501
125–136
Oppenheim R W, Schwartz L M, Shatz C J (eds) 1992 J Neurobiol 23:
Osterberg G A 1935 Topography of the layers of the rods and cones in
1111–1351
the human retina, Acta Ophthal, Suppl 6
Oppenheimer J H, Schwartz H L, Mariash C N, Kinlaw W B, Wong N
Ota C Y, Kimura R S 1980 Ultrastructural study of the human spiral
C W, Freake H C 1987 Advances in our understanding of thyroid
ganglion. Acta Otolaryngol [Stockh] 89: 53–62
hormone action at the cellular level. Endocr Rev 8: 288–308
Ottersen O P, Davanger S, Storm-Mathisen J 1987 Glycine-like immu-
Opperman L A, Sweeney T M, Redmon J, Persing J A, Ogle R C 1993
noreactivity in the cerebellum of rat and Senegalese baboon, Papio
Tissue interactions with underlying dura mater inhibit osseous oblitera-
papio: a comparison with the distribution of GABA-like immunoreac-
tion of developing cranial sutures. Dev Dynamics 198: 312–322