from typing import Any, Dict, List

import borzoi_pytorch
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
from einops import rearrange
from torch import einsum
from transformers import PretrainedConfig, PreTrainedModel

from genomics_research.segmentnt.porting_to_pytorch.layers.segmentation_head import (
    TorchUNetHead,
)

FEATURES = [
    "protein_coding_gene",
    "lncRNA",
    "exon",
    "intron",
    "splice_donor",
    "splice_acceptor",
    "5UTR",
    "3UTR",
    "CTCF-bound",
    "polyA_signal",
    "enhancer_Tissue_specific",
    "enhancer_Tissue_invariant",
    "promoter_Tissue_specific",
    "promoter_Tissue_invariant",
]


class SegmentBorzoiConfig(PretrainedConfig):
    model_type = "segment_borzoi"

    def __init__(
        self,
        features: List[str] = FEATURES,
        embed_dim: int = 1536,
        dim_divisible_by: int = 32,
        attention_dim_key: int = 64,
        num_attention_heads: int = 8,
        num_rel_pos_features: int = 32,
        **kwargs: Dict[str, Any],
    ):
        self.features = features
        self.embed_dim = embed_dim
        self.dim_divisible_by = dim_divisible_by
        self.attention_dim_key = attention_dim_key
        self.num_attention_heads = num_attention_heads
        self.num_rel_pos_features = num_rel_pos_features

        super().__init__(**kwargs)


class SegmentBorzoi(PreTrainedModel):
    config_class = SegmentBorzoiConfig

    def __init__(self, config: SegmentBorzoiConfig):
        super().__init__(config=config)
        borzoi = borzoi_pytorch.Borzoi.from_pretrained("johahi/borzoi-replicate-0")

        # Stem
        self.stem = borzoi.conv_dna

        # Conv tower
        self.res_tower = borzoi.res_tower
        self.unet1 = borzoi.unet1
        self._max_pool = borzoi._max_pool

        # Transformer tower
        self.transformer = borzoi.transformer

        # UNet convolution layers
        self.horizontal_conv1 = borzoi.horizontal_conv1
        self.horizontal_conv0 = borzoi.horizontal_conv0
        self.upsampling_unet1 = borzoi.upsampling_unet1
        self.upsampling_unet0 = borzoi.upsampling_unet0
        self.separable1 = borzoi.separable1
        self.separable0 = borzoi.separable0

        # Target length crop
        self.crop = borzoi.crop

        # Final convolution block
        self.final_joined_convs = borzoi.final_joined_convs

        self.unet_head = TorchUNetHead(
            features=config.features,
            embed_dimension=config.embed_dim,
            nucl_per_token=config.dim_divisible_by,
            remove_cls_token=False,
        )

        # Correct transformer
        for layer in self.transformer:
            layer[0].fn[1] = BorzoiAttentionLayer(  # type: ignore
                config.embed_dim,
                heads=config.num_attention_heads,
                dim_key=config.attention_dim_key,
                dim_value=config.embed_dim // config.num_attention_heads,
                dropout=0.05,
                pos_dropout=0.01,
                num_rel_pos_features=config.num_rel_pos_features,
            )

        # Correct conv layer in downsample block
        self.unet_head.unet.downsample_blocks[0].conv_layers[0] = nn.Conv1d(
            in_channels=1920, out_channels=1536, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1
        )

        # Correct bias in separable layers
        self.separable1.conv_layer[1].bias = None
        self.separable0.conv_layer[1].bias = None

    def forward(self, x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        # Stem
        x = x.transpose(1, 2)
        x = self.stem(x)

        # Conv tower
        x_unet0 = self.res_tower(x)
        x_unet1 = self.unet1(x_unet0)
        x = self._max_pool(x_unet1)

        # Transformer tower
        x = x.permute(0, 2, 1)
        x = self.transformer(x)
        x = x.permute(0, 2, 1)

        # UNet conv
        x_unet1 = self.horizontal_conv1(x_unet1)
        x_unet0 = self.horizontal_conv0(x_unet0)

        # UNet upsampling and separable convolutions
        x = self.upsampling_unet1(x)
        x += x_unet1
        x = self.separable1(x)
        x = self.upsampling_unet0(x)
        x += x_unet0
        x = self.separable0(x)

        # Target length crop
        x = self.crop(x.permute(0, 2, 1))
        x = x.permute(0, 2, 1)

        # Final convolution block
        x = self.final_joined_convs(x)

        x = self.unet_head(x)

        return x


# Define custom attention layer for PyTorch model because Attention layer from the
# imported model is not the same (the positional embeddings are not the same)
def _prepend_dims(tensor: torch.Tensor, num_dims: int) -> torch.Tensor:
    """Prepends dimensions to match the required shape."""
    for _ in range(num_dims - tensor.dim()):
        tensor = tensor.unsqueeze(0)
    return tensor


def get_positional_features_central_mask_borzoi(
    positions: torch.Tensor, feature_size: int, seq_length: int
) -> torch.Tensor:
    """Positional features using a central mask (allow only central features)."""
    pow_rate = torch.exp(torch.log(torch.tensor(seq_length + 1.0)) / feature_size)
    center_widths = torch.pow(pow_rate, torch.arange(1, feature_size + 1).float()) - 1
    center_widths = _prepend_dims(center_widths, positions.ndim)
    outputs = (center_widths > torch.abs(positions).unsqueeze(-1)).float()
    return outputs


def get_positional_embed_borzoi(seq_len: int, feature_size: int) -> torch.Tensor:
    """
    Compute positional embedding for Borzoi. Note that it is different than the one
    used in Enformer.
    """
    distances = torch.arange(-seq_len + 1, seq_len)

    num_components = 2

    if (feature_size % num_components) != 0:
        raise ValueError(
            f"feature size is not divisible by number of components ({num_components})"
        )

    num_basis_per_class = feature_size // num_components

    embeddings = []

    embeddings.append(
        get_positional_features_central_mask_borzoi(
            distances, num_basis_per_class, seq_len
        )
    )

    embeddings = torch.cat(embeddings, dim=-1)
    embeddings = torch.cat(
        (embeddings, torch.sign(distances).unsqueeze(-1) * embeddings), dim=-1
    )
    return embeddings


def relative_shift(x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
    to_pad = torch.zeros_like(x[..., :1])
    x = torch.cat((to_pad, x), dim=-1)
    _, h, t1, t2 = x.shape
    x = x.reshape(-1, h, t2, t1)  # noqa: FKA100
    x = x[:, :, 1:, :]
    x = x.reshape(-1, h, t1, t2 - 1)  # noqa: FKA100
    return x[..., : ((t2 + 1) // 2)]


class BorzoiAttentionLayer(nn.Module):
    def __init__(  # type: ignore
        self,
        dim,
        *,
        num_rel_pos_features,
        heads=8,
        dim_key=64,
        dim_value=64,
        dropout=0.0,
        pos_dropout=0.0,
    ) -> None:
        super().__init__()
        self.scale = dim_key**-0.5
        self.heads = heads

        self.to_q = nn.Linear(dim, dim_key * heads, bias=False)
        self.to_k = nn.Linear(dim, dim_key * heads, bias=False)
        self.to_v = nn.Linear(dim, dim_value * heads, bias=False)

        self.to_out = nn.Linear(dim_value * heads, dim)
        nn.init.zeros_(self.to_out.weight)
        nn.init.zeros_(self.to_out.bias)

        self.num_rel_pos_features = num_rel_pos_features

        self.to_rel_k = nn.Linear(num_rel_pos_features, dim_key * heads, bias=False)
        self.rel_content_bias = nn.Parameter(
            torch.randn(1, heads, 1, dim_key)  # noqa: FKA100
        )
        self.rel_pos_bias = nn.Parameter(
            torch.randn(1, heads, 1, dim_key)  # noqa: FKA100
        )

        # dropouts

        self.pos_dropout = nn.Dropout(pos_dropout)
        self.attn_dropout = nn.Dropout(dropout)

    def forward(self, x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        n, h = x.shape[-2], self.heads

        q = self.to_q(x)
        k = self.to_k(x)
        v = self.to_v(x)

        q, k, v = map(  # noqa
            lambda t: rearrange(t, "b n (h d) -> b h n d", h=h),  # type: ignore
            (q, k, v),
        )

        q = q * self.scale

        content_logits = einsum(
            "b h i d, b h j d -> b h i j", q + self.rel_content_bias, k
        )

        positions = get_positional_embed_borzoi(n, self.num_rel_pos_features)
        positions = self.pos_dropout(positions)
        rel_k = self.to_rel_k(positions)

        rel_k = rearrange(rel_k, "n (h d) -> h n d", h=h)
        rel_logits = einsum("b h i d, h j d -> b h i j", q + self.rel_pos_bias, rel_k)
        rel_logits = relative_shift(rel_logits)

        logits = content_logits + rel_logits
        attn = logits.softmax(dim=-1)
        attn = self.attn_dropout(attn)

        out = einsum("b h i j, b h j d -> b h i d", attn, v)
        out = rearrange(out, "b h n d -> b n (h d)")
        return self.to_out(out)